Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
  • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
  • B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
  • B03D2201/02—Collectors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
  • B03D2203/02—Ores
  • B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S209/00—Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
  • Y10S209/902—Froth flotation; phosphate

Definitions

• This invention relates to a new class of anionic promoters for non-sulfide ores and to processes of froth flotation using these promoters.
• Petroleum sulfonates which are byproducts in the refining of petroleum lubricating oil fractions by sulfonating agents such as sulfuric acid, oleum, and the like. Because of the low price and large supply of these materials in normal times, they would be commercially very desirable. However, the procedures of using these compounds in froth flotation have, in the past, achieved little, if any, real success. Petroleum sulfonates are normally divided into two classes: the oil-soluble variety, which are frequently referred to as mahogany oils or mahogany soaps or mahogany acids and the substantially water soluble variety, some of which are usually referred to as green acids.
• the sulfonates are of great value in the froth flotation of acid treated garnet ores.
• the garnet flotation is the subject matter of a copending application of Bootls iand Pickens, Ser. No. 502,982, September 18, 1 3.
• the present invention is based on the discovery that when mixtures of oil and water soluble petroleum sulfonates are used much better results are obtained than with either used alone in the same amounts. The results are quite striking, in some cases permitting better recovery and grade with less reagents and in other cases giving equal or better metallurgy with mixtures containing a. large portion of the cheaper water soluble sulfonates.
• Petroleum sulfonates both 'mahogany and green acids, are not pure chemical compounds. They are mixtures of indeterminate chemical constitution varying with dif- -ferent oils and with different refining procedures.
• the mixed sulfonate promoters of the present invention appear to act as improved sulfonates and not to have changed their basic characteristics.
• the mixed promoters of the present invention should be used under the same conditions which have been found to give the best results with individual petroleum sulfonates.
• the ore should be acid treated before flotation.
• the addition of fuel oil and other froth modifying substances are desirable they should be used with the mixed promoters of the present invention.
• fuel oil or other oiling agents it is sometimes possible to dispense with them when a mixture is used or to use smaller amounts. This is not universally true but, where applicable, constitutes an additional saving of the present invention.
• the mixtures in many cases show improved general flotation characteristics.
• the quality of the froth is often better when a mixture is used than when either one is used alone and the mixtures in general are more readily dispersed in water. Some are so readily dispersed that they may be fed in water solution or dispersion, thus simplifying the feeding of the reagent.
• markedly improved feeding, distributing and froth characteristics are obtained in mixtures which contain a relatively small proportion of one or the other of the two kinds of sulfonates.
• the proportion of the two kinds of sulfonates may be varied within wide limits. Many of the best mixtures are those in which the two sulfonates are present in substantially equal amounts. However, under favorable circum stances and particularly in the froth flotation of acid treated iron ore the range may be from 25 parts of oil soluble sulfonate to 1 part of water soluble sulfonate to 1 part oil soluble sulfonate to 25 parts water soluble sulfonate. However, it is not preferred in general to use the extremes and the preferred range is from 10 parts of oil soluble sulfonate to 1 part water soluble to 1 part oil so]- uble to 10 parts water soluble.
• the petroleum suifonates of commerce are not pure chemical compounds.
• the oil-soluble petroleum sulfonates are commercially sold in the form of dispersions in unsuifonated oil and the commercial products referred to in the application are of this nature.
• Watersoluble petroleum sulfonates are also for the most part mixtures and are not chemically pure substances.
• petroleum sulfonate is used to include the impure commercial products which are customarily sold.
• Example 1 A Minnesota iron ore, a. washer reject. containing about 30.5% Fe, was deslimed and the pulp treated with acid, promoter and, in some cases, fuel oil, the treatment being at high solids (60-70%) which has been found to be the most effective conditioning for this type of ore. After conditioning was completed, the thick pulp was diluted to froth flotation density and was subjected to a rougher float and followed by a single cleaning using Fagergren flotation machines. The results of the tests giving the amount of reagent used appear in the following table of metallurgical results. In every case about 2.6 lbs. per ton of sulfuric acid was used and the pH of the rougher tailing was in the neighborsame characteristics may be supplied by different hood of 3.0.
• the feeding of the mixed sulfonates is not critical. They may be mixed and fed as a mixture. Water soluble and oil soluble sulfonates may be fed separately and one, or both, or the mixture may be dissolved in oil or dispersed in water. When a mixture is being dispersed it is a further advantage that some of the water soluble sulfonates act as dispersing or solubilizing agents for the oil soluble sulfonates.
• the dispersing effect of some of the water soluble sulfonates represents an operating advantage asdispersions can be made up in a much shorter time and, in some cases, in more concentrated form.
• the metallurgy It will be noted that in every case the same or better grade and recovery is obtainable with a mixture in amounts considerably smaller than that required if water soluble sulfonates alone are used and in some cases materially smaller than when oil soluble sulfonates alone are employed. In each case the amount of fuel oil represents that which will give optimum results with the particular reagent combination employed.
• Example 2 Oil-Soluble Petroleum Sullonate Water-Soluble Petroleum Sulloxmte Concentrate F Ta ling Lbs. Ton Fue on Assay Dlstrib. 4 35. Type Lbs/Ton Type Lbs./Ion Per Cent 01 e, 9
• Fe Per Cent Rea ent 407 (Sherwood Refg Co.) None 61.29 90.95 1.62 None 61. 97 86. 49 1. 89 N one.- 1. 29 58. 86 95.82 0. 81 o... 0. 63 76.16 2. 90 Rea ent: 40 None 57 65 96. 13 0. 81 in None 59.41 96.83 0.58 Petroleum Sullonotes (Shell 01100.)" 1.60 01.16 88.55 1. 62 None Sogwsal Gr)een Acids(Sonneborn 2.10 1.78 59.81 95.08 1.08
• Oronite #2 1.47 do 1.47 3. 83 60.85 95.76 0.69 N one Acidic Water-Soluble Tarry n 9.38 1. 55 57. 29 92, 56 1. 62 from Green Sulfonic Acids (Sun 01100.). Oronite #2 1.50 (10 1.50 3. 42 60. 73 97.10 0.46
• Example 3 of the present mventlon produce 1n every case
• the ore of Example 1 was conditioned as iron concentrates of merchantable grade with scribed therein and was submitted to a series excellent recoveries in spite of the fact that the of tests wlth mlxtures of Water Soluble and 011 soluble sulfonates in varying proportions.
• the ole 15 very low the results are metallurgical results appear in the following as good or better Wlth thls low grade ore as table.
• the amount of sulfuric acid with t e higher grade ore of Example 1. Possiused was about 2.6 lbs.
• Example 4 A low grade iron or containing hematite, siderite, and goethite assaying about 16% Fe was ground and then prepared as described in Example 1. The reagents were added as a 12% aqueous dispersion. The sulfuric acid was just under 2 lbs. per ton and the pH of the rougher tailing just below 3.0.
• Example 5 l A high grade table concentrate containing principally magnetite, martite and silicate gangue and analyzing about 66% Fe was conditioned and floated as described in Example 1. The reagent was added as a 6% aqueous dispersion. The amount of sulfuric acid was 4 lbs. per ton and the amount of fuel oil just under 2 lbs. The pH of the rougher tailings was about 2.5. The following table tells the metallurgical results.
• Example 6 A garnet ore from the northeastern United States, containing about 26% garnet mainly as almandite with a hornblende, quartz, feldspar, biotite and pyrite gangue, was ground to flotation size and deslimed. The deslimed ore was conditioned with 5 lbs. per ton of sulfuric acid and petroleum sulfonate in the amount of 1.0
• the sulfonates used here were Calol Sodium Sulfonate diluted with 10% secondary butyl alcohol and a typical green acid from the Sun Oil Company. Flotation was effected in a Fagergren flotation machine, a rougher float being taken and the rougher concentrate cleaned after conditioning with 0.5 lb. per ton of sulfuric acid. The cleaner concentrate was then conditioned with 1 lb. per ton of sulfuric acid and recleaned. The following table gives the results of the three tests.
• Example 7 A rake classifier product of pebble phosphate from the Lakeland, Florida district, assaying about 36.5% B. P. L., was conditioned with 0.75 lbs. per ton of a 1:1 mixture of neutralized green sulfonic acids and Calol sodium sulfonate and with 0.99 lb. per ton of talloel together with 4.86 lbs. per ton of fuel oil. Conditioning was effected at high solids in the common manner but differed from the usual Florida practice in that the anionic promoter was used without any caustic soda. After diluting to flotation density the pulp was floated in a Fagergren flotation machine, a rougher concentrate was obtained and was then cleaned.
• oxidized iron ores is used in its commonly accepted meaning to include not only iron oxide ores such as those containing magnetite, hematite, etc., but also hydroxides, carbonates, etc.
• a method of beneflciating a non-sulfide ore amenable to anionic froth flotation which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the non-sulfide material, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 496% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 964% of water soluble petroleum sulfonates and recovering a concentrate rich in the desired non-sulfide material and tailing poor in the same,
• a method of beneficiating a' non-sulfide ore amenable to anionic froth flotation which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulpof the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the non-sulfide material, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 10-90% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 90-10% of water soluble petroleum sulfomates, and recovering a concentrate rich in the desired non-sulfide material and tailing poor in 12 the same.
• the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.
• a method of beneflciating an acid treated oxidized iron ore which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the acid treated iron ore, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 4-96% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 96-4% of water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in iron and tailing poor in iron, the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.
• a method of beneflciating an acid treated oxidized iron ore which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the acid treated iron ore, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 10-90% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and -10% of water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in iron and tailing poor in iron, the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.
• a method of beneficiating an acid treated garnet ore which comprises subjecting an aqueous I pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collect-or for the acid treated garnet ore, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 4-96% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and. 96'-4% of water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in garnet and tailing poor in garnet, the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.
• a method of beneflciating an acid treated garnet ore which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the acid treated garnet ore, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 10-90% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 90-10% of water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in garnet and tailing poor in garnet, the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.
• a method of beneflciating a sulfuric acid treated oxidized iron ore which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the sulfuric acid treated iron ore, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 4-96% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 964% water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in iron and tailing poor in iron, the petroleum sulfonates being obtailiged in the refining of petroleum lubricating o 8.
• a method of beneficiating a sulfuric acid treated oxidized iron ore which comprises sub- .lecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the sulfuric acid treated iron ore, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 10-90% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 90-10% of water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in iron and tailing poor in iron, the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.
• a method of beneficiating a sulfuric acid treated garnet ore which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to .froth flotation in the Presence of a collector for the sulfuric acid treated garnet ore, said collector containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 4-96% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 96- 4% of water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in garnet and tailing poor in garnet, the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.
• a method of beneficiating a sulfuric acid treated garnet ore which comprises subjecting an aqueous pulp of the ore to froth flotation in the presence of a collector for the sulfuric acid treated garnet ore, saicl collect-or containing as its essential collecting component a mixture of 10-90% of oil soluble petroleum sulfonates and 90-10% of Water soluble petroleum sulfonates, and recovering a concentrate rich in garnet and tailing poor in garnet, the petroleum sulfonates being obtained in the refining of petroleum lubricating oils.

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• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

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Cited By (15)

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Citations (8)

• 0
  • LU LU27818D patent/LU27818A1/xx unknown
• 1944
  • 1944-02-04 US US521130A patent/US2433258A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1945
  • 1945-01-16 GB GB1325/45A patent/GB599810A/en not_active Expired
  • 1945-08-28 FR FR913761D patent/FR913761A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1945-12-27 BE BE462031D patent/BE462031A/xx unknown
• 1949
  • 1949-01-01 DE DEP29879A patent/DE849982C/de not_active Expired

Patent Citations (8)

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