US233228A - Sectional water-tube boiler - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. H; FOWLER. Sectional Water Tube Boiler.

Fak/.51. Patented Oct. 12, 1880.

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7A. H. FeWLER.

Sectional Water Tube Boiler.

No. 233,228. l Patented Oet.12,1880.

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UNITED. STAT-Es vlnfrietmr OFFICE.

ARTHUR H. FOWLER, OF ZANESVILLE, OHIO.

SECT'IONAL WATER-TUBE BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming` part of Letters klPatent No. 233,228, dated October 12, 1880. Application led February 10, 1880.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR H. FOWLER,

of Zanesville, in the county of Muskingum My invention relates to that class of boilers in which thecylinders are arranged in pairs,

Ione above the other, and are connected with water-tubes which are exposed to the action r of the flames.

The invention consists in a certain inclined arrangement of these boilers in forming the cylinders and their connection-tubes inf sections; in the arrangement of the water-tubes in relation to the grate, so as to cause the llame and gases to break up and pass around and among the tubes; in making the tubes bent to overcome the elfects of the rust caused by exposure; in an arrangement of duplicate boilers with an intermediate combustion-chamber and air-pipes, and in certain other details of construction hereinafter fully set forth, and specilically indicated in the claims.

In the drawings accompanying this specitication, Figure l is a section of the furnace from front to rear on line x x of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 represents the front of the boiler, partly in elevation and partly in section, with the front wall removed. Fig. 3 shows an,elevation in part of the front wall and in part of the bridgewall. Figs. 4 and 5 represent details enlarged, hereinafter fully explained.

The main object ofthe invention is to produce a boiler in which the steam is generated in a series of tubes, and in which these tubes g are arranged as nearly as possible in a vertical 5o grate-bars.iF furn' 'ce' or at position to prevent the lodgment of sediment.4

The boiler, as represented in the drawings, consists, essentiallyof upper and lower cylinders A A and connecting-tubes B B. The cylinders are made preferably of from twenty to thirty;six inches in diameter, but must in all cases be large enough fora person to enter and clean. The upper cylinder stands in advance of the lower, to which it is connected a l to one-half the length of the y are placed crosswise of the ht angles with the side of the distance equa boiler, and .they are extended sufficiently to reachthrough the side walls of the brick setting. One end of each cylinder is provided with an ordinary man-hole. The upper cylindea may be set from six to fteen feet above the lower, to which it is connected at the ends by tubes C C, made from six to twelve inches in diameter, to provide for the downflow of the water. These tubes C G are set so far out on the ends that the. side walls of the setting inclose them, as shown clearly in Fig. 2, so as to keep them sufficiently cool, and thereby provide for the downward flowing of the water.

As shown clearly in Figs. l and 2, a series ofA tubes, B B, connect the upper and lower cylinders, and cross at a slight angle of inclination the fire-space, through which rise the products of combustion. These tubes are bent at the ends, so as to spread out and afford room for the action of the products of combustion, and at the same time to enter the shell'sj or cylinders at the proper angle, or on lines radial to said cylinders. The bending of these tubes thus affords better connection with the shells, and atv the same time counteracts the otherwise injurious effects of the expansion and contraction of the tubes under variations of temperature.

The lower cylinder, it will be observed, is partially embedded iu the brick-work on one side of the grate and is not fully exposed to the direct heat of the furnace.

As shown also in the drawings, the cylinders above described may be arranged in pairs, each pair being provided with a full set of small bent tubes and large end tubes. The second pair (marked in the drawings A A) are set back of the first, and may, if preferred, be inclined at the same angle or may be setvert-ical. rIhe two. pairs are connected at the top by`a large pipe, as shown at a, (or by steam-drum,) attached to the flanges upon the cylinder, as shown at b. A pipe-connection (not shown in the drawings) is also required between the two lower cylinders. A

The front and back walls rise vertical, as shown at d d, to a point above the level of the lire-door, from which point they incline to- .ward the top cylinders at about the same angle as that at which the cylinders are set. I thus obtain room for a large furnace, which is ICO so inclined as to force all the fiame toward the boiler-tubes, and also bring the tubes to a cer tain extent over the tire; but at the same time I have a receptacle for deposits to accumulate in below or removed from the direct or greatest heat of the tires, these deposits descending freely in the nearly vertical tubes and lodging in the lower cylinders.

Between the front and rear of the pairs of cylinders I place a bridge-wall, K, which rises to apoint a little distance below the line of the lower set ofthe upper cylinders, as shown in Fig. 1, leaving a combustion-chamber between its upper edge and the outer wall. This bridge-wall is formed with an interior zigzag passage, by which air is admitted to a space, h, which extends the entire length of the wall and permits the air to pass through a narrow opening in the casting H. This casting extends the entire length of the bridge-wall, and has its ends anchored in the side walls. The air is admitted into the passages or chambers k from the outside through the opening E, and is highly heated by reason of its retarded passage back and forward through the series of passages or chambers, and escapes in a thin sheet extending the entire length of the wall into the combustion-chamber. The smokeexit is shown in Fig. 1 at L.

The air may be supplied by a natural draft or by forcing, as may be required. The casting H is made in such a form as to support the bridge-wall when builtin an inclined position.

By the arrangement above described an exceedingly desirable point is gained. All the flames and hot gases are compelled to pass in a divided condition as they rise between and among the water-tubes, and thus give oi their heat to the water. After passing, as they rise between and among the tirst series of tubes, they are brought together again in the combustion -chamber. They there meet the thin stream of heated air entering the full width of thefurnace, thus supplying oxygen to complete thecombustionofauyunconsumedcarbon. As the air has been highly heated in its passage, there is no tendency to lower the temperature of the products of combustion by its admission. The products of combustion, after the admission of air to the combustion-chamber, pass downward around and among the back series of tubes, entirely around the lower rear cylinder, and thence up the chimney.

I provide at each corner of the brick-setting a corner plate in section in the form ot an angle-iron, extending from bottom to top, and bolted at regularintervals by strong bolts passing on the four faces, and of sufticient strength to firmly hind the brick-work. lnstead of the large firefront I use a cast-iron frame for tire and ash doors, as shown at mm in Fig. 1.

For a certain class of boilers the cylinders heretofore described may be made of cast-steel of high ductility and tensile strength. I contemplate making them iu sections, the upper corresponding with the lower, and connected thereto by a proper number of bent tubes. The ends otthese sections are beaded, as shown at p, made male and female, and turned od truly to make a joint by the use of a copper gasket.

The sections may be made of any length to carry any desired numberof these water-tubes that may be demanded by the exigencies of the case, this form of boiler bein g designed for use in those regions where it is diiicult to transport a large boiler entire, and where these sections may be carried and put together after reaching their destination.

The sections may be united by a suicient number of hollow bolts extending from head to head, and drawing all the joints tightly together. I use hollow bolts to provide for a less proportionate expansion than the sections which they unite. One of these bolts is shown enlarged in Fig. 4 at D. They are also represented by the same letter in Fig. 2. They are made open at the ends, so that the currents ot' air may pass freely through them and keep them cooler than if made solid. Instead of this mode of joining the sections that may be used which is shown in Fig. 5, in which the sections are united by bolts passing through flanges turned inwardly to avoid exposure to the tire. The joint in this case may be made tight by calking or in any of the well-known ways.

Boilers made upon either of the sectional plans may be suspended by a set of columns and girders, as shown at F G, so that they may be hung up entirely independent of the brick-work. When, however, the problem of dittculty of transportation does not come in, I design to make thesecylinders of boiler-iron in the usual manner, extending from wall to wall, and support them by a simple column under each end of the upper cylinders.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A sectional water-tube boiler composed of upper and lower sectional cylinders, opposite sections being connected by the bent water-tubes, as set forth.

2. A sectional water-tube boiler consisting of upper and lower cylinders connected by bent water-tubes arranged within the combustion-chamber, the tubes and upper cylinder being inclined over the grate and exposed to the products of combustion, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with the front and rear boilers, and with connections between them, the intermediate chamber and the air-inlet, as set forth.

4. The combination of the front and rear boilers, the combustion-chamber, and the rebridge wall, with its air-heating passage, as set forth.

5. In combination with the inclined boilers arranged in chambers as described in relation IOC to each other and tofthe grate, the inclined within the walls, connecting said upper and 1o walls, as and for the purposes set forth. lower cylinders, as set forth.

6. In combination with the sectional cylin- In testimony whereof I have signed my name ders, the hollow connecting-rods, open at the to this'specication in the presence of two sub- 5 ends to the outer air, as set forth. l scribing witnesses. 7. The combination of theupper and lower ARTHUR H. FOWLER.

cylinders, connected by the bent tubes and ex- Witnesses:

tending across the combustion-chamber from A. C. WENDELL,

wall to wall, with the water-pipes C C, inelosed J. A. EVERHART.

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