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US2238885A - Process of making multiform rubber thread - Google Patents

Process of making multiform rubber thread Download PDF

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Publication number
US2238885A
US2238885A US206998A US20699838A US2238885A US 2238885 A US2238885 A US 2238885A US 206998 A US206998 A US 206998A US 20699838 A US20699838 A US 20699838A US 2238885 A US2238885 A US 2238885A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
liquid
thread
rubber
drawn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US206998A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James Robert Gilbert
Smith Sydney Frederick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dunlop Rubber Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dunlop Rubber Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dunlop Rubber Co Ltd filed Critical Dunlop Rubber Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2238885A publication Critical patent/US2238885A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0078—Producing filamentary materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/731—Filamentary material, i.e. comprised of a single element, e.g. filaments, strands, threads, fibres

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to a process for the production of rubber thread having three or more filaments integrally or closely united without twisting or braiding so that the length of the final thread is substantially the same as the individual filaments, and the invention relates more particularly to a method or process whereby the filaments are arranged in a compact, symmetrical grouping in which, for example, each filament is in contact with at least two other filaments.
  • multi-filament thread from filaments formed by the extrusion of rubber latex through separate nozzles into a liquid coagulant or the like difiiculties are encountered which hinder or prevent the formation by mere juxtaposition of a thread with the filaments in a regular, compact grouping.
  • the filaments may arrange themselves as a fiat braid, or
  • Our present invention obviates these difiiculties and provides a method or process in which the several filaments arrange themselves through natural forces into the by mere juxtaposition.
  • three or more filaments of an aqueous dispersion of rubber or similar material are formed by extruding thin streams of latex upwardly through a liquid coagulant and then drawing a selected group of three or more threads upwardly through the surface of the liquid, and thence away.
  • the surface tension about the threads tends to crowd them into the most compact formation, it being a characteristic of the surfaces of liquids to tend to contract in such a way as to reduce the surface.
  • the filaments as, for example, three of them, are drawn upwardly in slightly spaced position, the surface of the liquid drawn up with the filaments and enclosing them tends to contract in much the same manner as a stretched membrane and, therefore, draws the filaments, which are freely movable within the liquid, together in. a compact structure.
  • the filaments are free to move in the liquid and as the surface most compact grouping tension of the liquid surrounding the filaments as they leave the water is directed inwardly toward the center of the strand being formed, the filaments move into the most compact arrangement.
  • Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically and on a greatly enlarged scale an apparatus whereby the filaments are extruded upwardly into and drawn upwardly out of a coagulating bath.
  • Fig. 2 is a. horizontal section taken on line 2--2 of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on a still larger scale taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.
  • the filaments are extruded from orifices If] in the top plate I l of an extruding head l2 supplied with the latex or aqueous dispersion through the supply pipe l3.
  • This dispersion or latex may be either the natural latex obtained from India rubber trees, or of balata or guttapercha trees, or it may be an artificial latex or dispersion formed from rubber, gutta-percha, balata or similar vegetable resins, or from artificial or synthetic resins either vulcanized or unvulcanized, and may comprise such materials as reclaim or waste. All of these materials are designated as latex or dispersion. These materials may comprise concentrates such as are obtained in U. S. Patent 1,848,164, or English Patents Nos. 290,313 and 219,632, to which may be added any one or more of the usual compounding ingredients.
  • a bath M of coagulating liquid During the upward passage of the latex streams they are coagulated or otherwise transformed more or less completely into filaments l5 which are then drawn through the surface of the liquid and over a pulley or other drawing means l6.
  • the filaments l5 pass through the surface of the bath 14, they draw upwardly a film of liquid shown at I I in Fig. 2.
  • the surface tension of this liquid acts to contract the resultant structure and draw the filaments with equal force toward the center until they meet in a symmetrical trefoil arrangement.
  • the filaments will then unite more or less intimately, depending upon the extent of coagulation and the condition of the surface of the film.
  • the drawing roll i6 is illustrated as being directly above the orifices ill so as to draw the thread vertically. It will be understood that while this is preferred, a deviation from the vertical is permissible provided the deviation is not sufiiciently great as to distort the forces of surface tension acting as shown in Fig. 2. For example, if the filaments move horizontally, the direction of tension would be different and might be such as to draw the filaments into a flat ribbon shape, or into some other unsymmetrical arrangement. It will be understood that after the threads pass over the rollers I6, they may pass through other processing treatments as, for example, further coagulation, or drying, or dehydrating, etc., or they may be merely washed and dried, or stretched. The completed threads may be vulcanized after completion.
  • filaments may be employed and drawn into a single thread, or that threads made up of filaments may similarly be drawn into a compact structure without twisting.
  • the individual filaments may be of the same gauge, color and type of compound. It is, however, possible to employ combinations of filaments of different gauges, types and colors inasmuch as the surface tension will in each case act to give the most compact assembly of filaments.
  • a number of heads, each having one or more orifices may be employed.
  • a coagulant bath has been illustrated by way of example, it is to be understood that this designation will include liquid media which bring about the solidification of rubber latex, not only by coagulation of a specific type, but may include gelling and dehydration.
  • Our invention is very economical in plant over methods heretofore used for, by replacing each single nozzle by a group of nozzle capillaries, the same number of multi-form threads can be made as was heretofore possible with single filament threads.
  • a plant or plant unit running 120 ends of single thread may, by our invention, run with equal facility 120 ends of multi-form thread.
  • a method of forming and uniting more than two freshly coagulated rubber filaments into a compact grouping to form a thread which comprises extruding an aqueous dispersion of rubber composition into a setting bath to form sepa rate freely suspended movable filaments and drawing a group of more than two of said filaments in free suspension below the surface of a liquid upwardly through said surface and out of said liquid at substantially a right angle to said surface into a group arranged regularly and compactly about an axis of symmetry whereby said filaments are drawn together and brought into close contact by the surface tension of said liquid as they are drawn from its surface.
  • a method of uniting more than two freshly coagulated rubber filaments into a compact grouping to form a thread which comprises continuously drawing a group of more than two of said filaments'in free suspension below the surface of a liquid upwardly through said surface and out of said liquid at an, angle to provide a substantially symmetrical surface tension about said filaments and into a group arranged regularly and compactly about an axis ofsymmetry whereby said filaments are drawn together and rought into close contact by the surface tension of said liquid as they are drawn from its surface.
  • a method of forming a compact untwisted thread of more than two rubber filaments from an aqueous dispersion of rubber composition which comprises extruding said aqueous dispersion through a number of orifices of filamentary dimensions upwardly into a bath of liquid to fix and set thestreams of dispersion issuing through said orifices to substantially solid filamentsin free suspension below the surface of said bath of liquid and drawing a group of more than two of said filaments upwardly through said surface and out of said liquid at substantially a right angle tosaid surface into a group arranged regularly and compactly about an axis of symmetry whereby said filaments aredrawin together and brought into close contact by the surface tension of said liquid as they are drawn from its surface.
  • a method for the production of rubber thread of three or more filaments integrally united in a compact group without twisting or braiding which comprises extruding a number of latex'filaments at a common speed into a liquid setting bath and in a'freely suspended condition in said setting bath, drawing a group of more than two of the coagulated' filaments vertically out of the coagulant through the upper surface thereof and into a group arranged regularly and compactly about an axis of symmetry and suificiently close to be, drawn into intimate contact and compact arrangement by the surface tension of said setting bath as they pass through the surface thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
US206998A 1937-07-16 1938-05-10 Process of making multiform rubber thread Expired - Lifetime US2238885A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2271865X 1937-07-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2238885A true US2238885A (en) 1941-04-22

Family

ID=10902757

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US206998A Expired - Lifetime US2238885A (en) 1937-07-16 1938-05-10 Process of making multiform rubber thread
US206999A Expired - Lifetime US2271865A (en) 1937-07-16 1938-05-10 Method of assembling rubber filaments into thread

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US206999A Expired - Lifetime US2271865A (en) 1937-07-16 1938-05-10 Method of assembling rubber filaments into thread

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (2) US2238885A (de)
DE (2) DE852445C (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997013015A1 (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-10 North American Rubber Thread Company, Inc. Rubber thread
US20150031481A1 (en) * 2013-07-29 2015-01-29 Psi 91, Inc. Game ball

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997013015A1 (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-10 North American Rubber Thread Company, Inc. Rubber thread
US5679196A (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-10-21 North American Rubber Thread Company, Inc. Process of making rubber thread
US5804307A (en) * 1995-10-05 1998-09-08 North American Rubber Thread Co., Inc. Rubber thread
US20150031481A1 (en) * 2013-07-29 2015-01-29 Psi 91, Inc. Game ball
US9089740B2 (en) * 2013-07-29 2015-07-28 Psi 91, Inc. Game ball
US9956458B2 (en) 2013-07-29 2018-05-01 Psi 91, Inc. Game ball

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE857866C (de) 1952-12-01
DE852445C (de) 1952-10-16
US2271865A (en) 1942-02-03

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