[go: up one dir, main page]

US20210395158A1 - Compacted polyhalite and a process for the production thereof - Google Patents

Compacted polyhalite and a process for the production thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20210395158A1
US20210395158A1 US17/292,865 US201917292865A US2021395158A1 US 20210395158 A1 US20210395158 A1 US 20210395158A1 US 201917292865 A US201917292865 A US 201917292865A US 2021395158 A1 US2021395158 A1 US 2021395158A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
binder
particles
granule
polyhalite
screener
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
US17/292,865
Other versions
US12195409B2 (en
Inventor
Khalil Abu Rabeah
Natalia GEINIK
Ruben SOCOLOVSKY
Yacov LEVY
Marina Dakov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ICL Europe Cooeperatief UA
Original Assignee
ICL Europe Cooeperatief UA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ICL Europe Cooeperatief UA filed Critical ICL Europe Cooeperatief UA
Priority to US17/292,865 priority Critical patent/US12195409B2/en
Assigned to ICL EUROPE COOPERATIEF U.A. reassignment ICL EUROPE COOPERATIEF U.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ABU RABEAH, Khalil, DAKOV, Marina, GEINIK, Natalia, LEVY, Yacov, SOCOLOVSKY, Ruben
Publication of US20210395158A1 publication Critical patent/US20210395158A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US12195409B2 publication Critical patent/US12195409B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C05D1/005—Fertilisers containing potassium post-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/28—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using special binding agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B02C23/12—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone with return of oversize material to crushing or disintegrating zone

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of fertilizers, specifically to production of compacted Polyhalite.
  • plants need nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, etc.) which normally can be found in the soil.
  • nutrients nitrogen, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, etc.
  • fertilizers are needed to achieve a desired plant growth as these can enhance the growth of plants.
  • Fertilizers typically provide, in varying proportions, three main macronutrients:
  • slow release fertilizers SRF
  • controlled release fertilizers CRF
  • Solid fertilizers include granules, prills, crystals and powders.
  • a prilled fertilizer is a type of granular fertilizer that is nearly spherical made by solidifying free-falling droplets in air or a fluid medium.
  • Most controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) used in commercial nurseries are prilled fertilizers that have been coated with sulfur or a polymer. These products have been developed to allow a slow release of nutrients into the root zone throughout crop development.
  • Polyhalite is an evaporite mineral, a hydrated sulfate of potassium, calcium and magnesium with formula: K 2 Ca 2 Mg(SO 4 ) 4 .2H 2 O. Polyhalite is used as a fertilizer since it contains four important nutrients and is low in chloride:
  • a process for the compaction of Polyhalite compacting said mixture in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield different particles in three different sizes: oversized particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing, and desired size granular particles which are transferred to a screener.
  • the process may be a wet process including the addition of a binders.
  • the binder may be added to the mixer with said feed of Polyhalite as solid slurry or solution.
  • the binder may be inorganic binders or a mix of inorganic and organic binders selected from the group including, starch, molasses, bentonite, metakaolin, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, oils and waxes and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • inorganic binders selected from the group including, starch, molasses, bentonite, metakaolin, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, Mg
  • the binder is preferably an inorganic binder, including bentonite, metakaolin, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate.
  • the use of inorganic binders is preferable due to the existence of silicate elements which are highly beneficial for the plant.
  • the binder is most preferably a mix of organic and inorganic components
  • the process is a dry process wherein said mixture is heated in a heater after being mixed in said mixer.
  • the compaction may be a wet or dry compaction.
  • the compaction process may include the addition of a binders.
  • the binder may include but not limited to any suitable material or compound that may mechanically and/or chemically hold or draw other materials together to form a cohesive whole, including, for example, a mix of organic and inorganic binders, such as, starch, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, molasses, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, metakaolin Geo-polymers, oils and waxes and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • a mix of organic and inorganic binders such as, starch, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, molasses, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), cellulose gum,
  • the binder is preferably an inorganic binder or a mix of inorganic and organic binders including bentonite, metakaolin, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate.
  • the use of inorganic binders is preferable due to the existence of silicate elements which are highly beneficial for the plant.
  • the binder is most preferably a mix of organic and inorganic components.
  • the binder may be added in a concentration ranging between 0.5-20% w/w, According to some demonstrative embodiments, the addition of a binder to the process improves the compaction process, enhances the strength of the resulting granules (also referred to herein as flakes) and diminishes the abrasion of the final product, e.g., when the final resulting product is transported). According to some embodiments, the resulting product may have a low abrasion level.
  • the compaction when the compaction is a wet compaction, in addition to the binder, water may be added as well.
  • the compaction may be conducted at high feeding temperatures.
  • the dry compaction process may include the following steps:
  • Polyhalite optionally with an organic or inorganic binder like gum guar, starch, polymers geo-polymers acids, metakaolin, or basic additives, and other additives may be added at this stage as well;
  • an organic or inorganic binder like gum guar, starch, polymers geo-polymers acids, metakaolin, or basic additives, and other additives may be added at this stage as well;
  • the mixture may be heated to a temperature between 20-170° C., preferably 160° C.
  • a binder in the dry process, optionally a binder may be added in a concentration of between 0.01-7% w/w, preferably between 1-5% w/w, most preferably between 2-4% w/w.
  • wetting and drying may be done to smooth the surface of the product, for example 3% water addition and drying at 150 degrees.
  • oil may be added to the resulting granules, e.g., to improve the rheology of the product and diminish dust formation. For example in an amount between 3000-5000 ppm, preferably 3000 ppm.
  • any suitable oil may be used, including for example, mineral oil or similar, slack wax or similar, paraffin wax or similar or mixture of them
  • the process may include unique conditions to enable to effective compaction of Polyhalite, including high temperatures ranging from 20 to 170° C. preferably 160° C. and high force conditions ranging from 45 to 100 kN/cm, preferably 55 kN/cm and Flack thickness between 9 mm to 33 mm.
  • the desired size of the granules is between 1-6 mm, most preferably between 1.4-4.75 mm.
  • the present invention allows for the effective compaction of Polyhalite which is difficult to compact under regular conditions due to the difficulty in achieving deformation of Polyhalite particles.
  • the addition of Potash, Phosphate compounds or the like to Polyhalite and the unique conditions described herein enable to overcome the difficulties of compacting Polyhalite and to effectively provide compacted granules of with addition of phosphate compounds, Potassium Nitrate or Potassium Sulfate
  • Potassium Nitrate will be added to Polyhalite and the unique conditions described herein enable to overcome the difficulties of compacting Polyhalite and to effectively provide compacted granules of Polyhalite, optionally with additional compounds like Potash, phosphate compounds or potassium Nitrate or Potassium Sulfate optionally with the addition of a binder.
  • the process may include wet compaction, wherein the process is carried out in a temperature ranging from room 5 temperature ( ⁇ 20° C.) to 100° C.
  • the process includes the following steps:
  • the wet compaction process includes heating the desired size granules to evaporate any water residues from the granules, resulting in dry granules.
  • the granules are heated to a temperature of between 100-160° C., preferably 160° C.
  • the binder suspension may include a binder which is immersed in water, wherein the binder in the wet process is preferably fly ash, calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide.
  • the binder in the wet process is preferably fly ash, calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide.
  • to the resulting flakes additives may be added, including for examples, nutrients, minerals, coating materials, sustained release compounds and the like.
  • the nutrients may include:
  • the mixture of the present invention may also include additional fertilizer besides Polyhalite.
  • the term “fertilizer” may include any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soils or to plant tissues to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants, including, for example, Single nutrient (“straight”) fertilizers such as Ammonium nitrate, Urea, calcium ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, e.g., “Single superphosphate” (SSP), phosphogypsum,
  • Single nutrient (“straight”) fertilizers such as Ammonium nitrate, Urea, calcium ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, e.g., “Single superphosphate” (SSP), phosphogypsum,
  • Multinutrient fertilizers such as Binary (NP, NK, PK) fertilizers, e.g., monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and/or diammonium phosphate (DAP), NPK fertilizers which are three-component fertilizers providing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; fertilizers which include one or more of the main micronutrients sources of iron, manganese, boron, molybdenum, zinc, and copper and the like; Compound fertilizers, e.g., which contain N, P, and K; Organic fertilizers such as peat, animal wastes, plant wastes from agriculture, and sewage sludge; and/or Other elements such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.
  • NP, NK, PK Binary
  • MAP monoammonium phosphate
  • DAP diammonium phosphate
  • NPK fertilizers which are three-component fertilizers providing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
  • fertilizers which include one or more of the main micronutrients sources of iron, manganese, boro
  • the fertilizer preferably includes one or more of nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonia, anhydrous ammonium nitrate, urea and sodium nitrate; Phosphate fertilizers; Potassium fertilizers, such as Potash, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, or potassium nitrate
  • nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonia, anhydrous ammonium nitrate, urea and sodium nitrate
  • Phosphate fertilizers such as Potash, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, or potassium nitrate
  • the fertilizer is preferably Ammonium Sulphate.
  • the sieving is done using a siever having opening with a diameter of between 1.4-4.5 mm preferably between 2-4 mm, most preferably 3.4 mm.
  • the mixing is performed in a blade blender and/or any other suitable devise capable of having a rotation speed that creates a swirling motion for a perfect homogenization and a high blending precision, e.g., a Ploughshare® Mixer.
  • the resulting flakes/granules may be glazed and further coated with a suitable coating.
  • the coatings may include biodegradable coatings, sustained release coatings, controlled release coatings, oily coatings, wax coatings.
  • the resulting Polyhalite may include the following properties as detailed in table 1
  • a process for the compaction of Polyhalite comprising: mixing a feed of polyhalite with an inorganic binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting said mixture in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield particles in three different sizes: oversized fine particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized fine particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing and compacting, and desired size fine particles which are transferred to a polish screener for glazing and oiling.
  • the process may be a wet process including the addition of a binder.
  • the binder may be added to the mixer with the feed of polyhalite.
  • the binder may be selected from the group including, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • the binder may be 2% CaO+5% Na 2 SiO 3 .
  • the binder may be Mg Lignosulfonate, for example, in a concentration of between 2%-5%.
  • the process may be a dry process wherein said mixture is heated in a heater after being mixed in said mixer.
  • the process may include adding an organic binder to the inorganic binder to create a mixture of organic-inorganic binder.
  • a compacted granule of Polyhalite comprising an inorganic binder.
  • the granule comprises a thickness of 9 to 33 mm and a specific gravity (S.G.) of between 1.9 to 2.8 g/cm 3 .
  • the granule is between 1-6 mm, most preferably between 1.4-4.75 mm.
  • the granule comprises a single strength of between 0.8 kgForce/granule to 3.5 kgForce/granule, preferably between 0.9 kgForce/granule to 3.3 kgForce/granule, most preferably between 1.9 kgForce/granule to 2.0 kgForce/granule.
  • the binder may be selected from the group including, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • the binder may be 2% CaO+5% Na 2 SiO 3 .
  • the binder may be Mg Lignosulfonate, for example, in a concentration of between 2%-5%.
  • the binder may further an organic binder, added to the inorganic binder to create a mixture of organic-inorganic binder.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a wet process 1 for the compaction of Polyhalite in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments described herein.
  • wet process 100 may include a binder preparation step 108 .
  • preparation step 108 can include the following steps: binder heating, mixing, grinding, activation, dissolution and curing,
  • Step 106 depicts the addition of the binder to a pre-mixer 110 , in which the pre-mixer 110 saves the homogenous composition of the binder mixture.
  • the binder is then added to a mixer 112 to which a feed of Polyhalite 102 is optionally added together with microelements 104 .
  • the Polyhalite, microelements and binder are homogenously mixed together to create a Polyhalite wet mixture (“the mixture”).
  • the mixture may then be transferred to a compactor 114 to undergo compaction.
  • the compactor may work in the follow conditions: high or low temperatures ranging from 20 to 100° C. and high force conditions ranging from 45 to 100 kN/cm, preferable 55 kN/cm and Flack thickness between 9 mm to 33 mm.
  • the mixture leaves compactor 114 as compacted masses which are then transferred to a crusher 116 , and the masses are then crushed to finer particles in a size ranging from 0.1 mm to 33 mm.
  • the particles may undergo primary screening in a screener 118 with multiple decks between 1 mm to 6 mm, preferably 1.44 to 4.75 mm.
  • undersized particles 134 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 118 can be separately granulated and/or introduced back to the process, e.g., to mixer 112 to be mixed again with the mixture.
  • the range of the undersized particles 134 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 118 can be between 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • Oversized particles 138 may go at least one crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • OS 138 may be transferred to crusher 120 and undergo a secondary screening in screener 122 . Any particles having a desired size ranging between 0.1 mm to 6 mm that may result from screener 122 may be added back to screener 118 .
  • Oversized particles 142 that result from screener 122 may undergo additional crushing in crusher 124 , wherein particles yielded from crusher 124 are added back to screener 118 for further processing.
  • the differences between crusher 120 and 124 may be hammer mill or other kind of crushers.
  • the desired sized particles leaving screener 118 may go through a process of drying to drying any residual moisture from the particles and to yield dry particles.
  • the dry particles are then transferred to a polishing screener 128 to undergo an additional, finer, screening process 1 mm to 6 mm preferably 1.4 mm to 4.75 mm.
  • a polishing screener 128 to undergo an additional, finer, screening process 1 mm to 6 mm preferably 1.4 mm to 4.75 mm.
  • the undersized particles 136 may be transferred back to mixer 112 to be mixed again with the mixture.
  • Oversized particles 140 may go through a crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • OS 140 may undergo crushing in crusher 124 , wherein particles yielded from crusher 124 are added back to screener 118 for further processing.
  • the final particles yielded from polishing screener 128 may go through a process of glazing in glazer 130 .
  • the grazing system may prevent the abrasion and dust pollution during the transport.
  • Glazer 130 may include a rotary drum, a drying can, various types of dryers, e.g., fluid bed dryer, or others
  • the yield from glazer 130 is to be packaged as the final product 132 .
  • FIG. 2 depicts a dry process 2 for the compaction of Polyhalite.
  • dry process 200 may include a feed of Polyhalite 202 which is optionally added together with a feed of microelements 204 to a mixer 206 .
  • the Polyhalite are homogenously mixed together to create a Polyhalite/additives dry mixture (“the dry mixture”).
  • the dry mixture may then be transferred to a Heater 208 to heat the material to compacting process between 100 to 170 degrees, preferably 160 degrees.
  • the heated dry mixture may then be transferred to a compactor 210 to undergo compaction and yield compacted masses.
  • the compaction parameters may include high temperatures ranging from 20 to 170° C. preferably 160° C. and high force conditions ranging from 45 to 100 kN/cm, preferable 55 kN/cm and Flack thickness between 14 mm to 37 mm.
  • the compacted masses are then transferred to a crusher 212 , and the masses are then crushed to finer particles.
  • the particles may undergo primary screening in a screener 214 with multiple decks between 1 mm to 6 mm, preferable 1.4-4.75.
  • undersized particles 228 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 214 can be separately granulated and/or introduced back to the process, e.g., to mixer 206 or heater 208 .
  • the range of the undersized particles 228 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 214 can be between 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • the undersized particles 228 may be transferred back to heater 208 .
  • Oversized particles 232 may go at least one crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • OS 232 may be transferred to crusher 222 and undergo a secondary screening in screener 224 .
  • Any particles having a desired size ranging between 1 to 6 mm preferable 1.4 mm to 4.7 mm that may result from screener 224 may be added back to screener 214 .
  • Oversized particles 236 that result from screener 224 may undergo additional crushing in crusher 226 , wherein particles yielded from crusher 226 are added back to screener 214 for further processing.
  • the differences between crusher 222 and 226 may be the kind of crusher and operational parameters.
  • the desired sized particles leaving screener 214 may go through a polishing screener 216 to undergo an additional, finer, screening process. 1 to 6 mm preferable 1.4 mm to 4.7 mm.
  • polishing screener 216 there may be yielded particles in 3 different size ranges:
  • the undersized particles 230 may be transferred back to heater 208 .
  • Oversized particles 234 may go through a crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • OS 234 may undergo crushing in crusher 226 , wherein particles yielded from crusher 226 are added back to screener 214 for further processing.
  • the final particles yielded from polishing screener 216 may go through a process of glazing in glazer 218 .
  • the glazing system may prevent the abrasion and dust pollution during the transport.
  • Glazer 218 may include a rotary drum, and dryer, can be used various types of dryers, e.g., fluid bed dryer, rotary dryer or others
  • the yield from glazer 218 is to be packaged as the final product 220 .
  • Feeding material 1. Polyhalite standard Binder grade 2. 2%CaO + 5% Na 2 SiO 3 Equipment Units Value/Description Feed Temp ° C. 160-170 Feed Rate ton/h 40 Motor power kW 710 Roll Width mm 800 Roll speed [RPM] 18 Linear speed [m/s] 0.94 Roll Diameter [cm] 1000 Flake specific weight g/cm3 >2.263 Pressure Ratio 0.9 Off load Gap [mm] 16 Working Gap [mm] 20 Force [kN/cm) 44 Specific force [kN/(cm ⁇ mm) 2.6-3.1 Screw Speed rpm 93-96 Recycle Ratio High (preferably estimated based on the flakes’ size) 1 st Crusher Speed rpm 473-1500 2 st Crusher Speed rpm 473-1599 Dust trap system Filter/cyclon
  • Feeding material 1. Polyhalite standard Binder grade 2. Mg Lignosulfonate 5% 3. Water 1% Equipment Units Value/Description Feed Temp ° C. 12-19 Motor power kW 710 Roll Width mm 14 Roll speed [RPM] 6 Roll Diameter [cm] 600 Flake specific weight g/cm3 >2.263 Off load Gap [mm] 2 Working Gap [mm] 14 Force [kN/cm) 55-60 Specific force [kN/(cm ⁇ mm) 2.6-3.1 Recycle Ratio % 80 1 st Crusher Speed rpm 1000 2 st Crusher Speed rpm 700
  • Feeding material 1. Polyhalite standard Binder grade 2. Liquid + Solid Na Lignosulfonate 2% 3. Water 1.5% Equipment Units Value/Description Feed Temp ° C. 12-19 Feed Rate ton/h 15 Flake specific weight g/cm3 >2.263 Working Gap [mm] 11 Specific force [kN/(cm ⁇ mm) 2.6-3.1 Granulometry 1.4-4.7 mm % H 2 O 1-0.8% Single Strength 0.9 kgForce/granule Single Strength after drying 3.3 kgForce/granule

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

There is provided herein a process for the compaction of Polyhalite, comprising: mixing a feed of polyhalite with an inorganic binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting said mixture in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield particles in three different sizes: oversized fine particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized fine particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing and compacting, and desired size fine particles which are transferred to a polish screener for glazing and oiling.

Description

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to the field of fertilizers, specifically to production of compacted Polyhalite.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • To grow properly, plants need nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, etc.) which normally can be found in the soil. Sometimes fertilizers are needed to achieve a desired plant growth as these can enhance the growth of plants.
  • This growth of plants is met in two ways, the traditional one being additives that provide nutrients. The second mode by which some fertilizers act is to enhance the effectiveness of the soil by modifying its water retention and aeration. Fertilizers typically provide, in varying proportions, three main macronutrients:
  • Nitrogen (N): leaf growth;
    Phosphorus (P): Development of roots, flowers, seeds, fruit;
    Potassium (K): Strong stem growth, movement of water in plants, promotion of flowering and fruiting;
    three secondary macronutrients: calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulphur (S); micronutrients: copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), boron (B), and of occasional significance there are silicon (Si), cobalt (Co), and vanadium (V) plus rare mineral catalysts.
  • The most reliable and effective way to make the availability of nutrients coincide with plant requirements is by controlling their release into the soil solution, using slow release or controlled release fertilizers.
  • Both slow release fertilizers (SRF) and controlled release fertilizers (CRF) supply nutrients gradually. Yet, slow release fertilizers and controlled release fertilizers differ in many ways: The technology they use, the release mechanism, longevity, release controlling factors and more. Solid fertilizers include granules, prills, crystals and powders. A prilled fertilizer is a type of granular fertilizer that is nearly spherical made by solidifying free-falling droplets in air or a fluid medium. Most controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) used in commercial nurseries are prilled fertilizers that have been coated with sulfur or a polymer. These products have been developed to allow a slow release of nutrients into the root zone throughout crop development.
  • Polyhalite is an evaporite mineral, a hydrated sulfate of potassium, calcium and magnesium with formula: K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4.2H2O. Polyhalite is used as a fertilizer since it contains four important nutrients and is low in chloride:
  • 48% SO3 as sulfate
    • 14% K2O 6% MgO 17% CaO SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, there is provided herein a process for the compaction of Polyhalite. compacting said mixture in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield different particles in three different sizes: oversized particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing, and desired size granular particles which are transferred to a screener.
  • According to some embodiments, the process may be a wet process including the addition of a binders.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be added to the mixer with said feed of Polyhalite as solid slurry or solution.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be inorganic binders or a mix of inorganic and organic binders selected from the group including, starch, molasses, bentonite, metakaolin, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, oils and waxes and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the binder is preferably an inorganic binder, including bentonite, metakaolin, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate.
  • According to some embodiments, the use of inorganic binders is preferable due to the existence of silicate elements which are highly beneficial for the plant.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder is most preferably a mix of organic and inorganic components
  • According to some embodiments, the process is a dry process wherein said mixture is heated in a heater after being mixed in said mixer.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, there is provided a process for the compaction of a polyhalite.
  • According to some embodiments, the compaction may be a wet or dry compaction.
  • According to some embodiments, the compaction process may include the addition of a binders.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder, as referred to herein, may include but not limited to any suitable material or compound that may mechanically and/or chemically hold or draw other materials together to form a cohesive whole, including, for example, a mix of organic and inorganic binders, such as, starch, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, molasses, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, metakaolin Geo-polymers, oils and waxes and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the binder is preferably an inorganic binder or a mix of inorganic and organic binders including bentonite, metakaolin, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate.
  • According to some embodiments, the use of inorganic binders is preferable due to the existence of silicate elements which are highly beneficial for the plant.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder is most preferably a mix of organic and inorganic components.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the binder may be added in a concentration ranging between 0.5-20% w/w, According to some demonstrative embodiments, the addition of a binder to the process improves the compaction process, enhances the strength of the resulting granules (also referred to herein as flakes) and diminishes the abrasion of the final product, e.g., when the final resulting product is transported). According to some embodiments, the resulting product may have a low abrasion level.
  • According to some embodiments, when the compaction is a wet compaction, in addition to the binder, water may be added as well.
  • According to some embodiments, the compaction may be conducted at high feeding temperatures.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the dry compaction process may include the following steps:
  • Mixing Polyhalite, optionally with an organic or inorganic binder like gum guar, starch, polymers geo-polymers acids, metakaolin, or basic additives, and other additives may be added at this stage as well;
  • The mixture may be heated to a temperature between 20-170° C., preferably 160° C.
  • Feeding the mixture into a compactor to provide compacted flakes;
    Grinding of the flakes;
    Sieving of the grinded flakes; and
  • According to some embodiments, after sieving there are three types of yield:
    • 1. Desired sized flakes—between 9-33 mm thickness, S.G. between 1.9 to 2.2.8 g/cm3. According to some embodiments, the desired size of the flakes (also referred to herein as “particles” or “granules”) is between 1-6 mm, most preferably between 1.4-4.75 mm.
    • 2. Oversized (OS) flakes—are returned to the grinding stage, e.g., between 4-20-40% w/w of the total resulting flakes.
    • 3. Undersized (US) flakes—are returned to the mixture for compaction, e.g., between 10 to 70% w/w of the total resulting flakes.
  • According to some embodiments, in the dry process, optionally a binder may be added in a concentration of between 0.01-7% w/w, preferably between 1-5% w/w, most preferably between 2-4% w/w.
  • According with some embodiments wetting and drying may be done to smooth the surface of the product, for example 3% water addition and drying at 150 degrees.
  • According to some embodiments, oil may be added to the resulting granules, e.g., to improve the rheology of the product and diminish dust formation. For example in an amount between 3000-5000 ppm, preferably 3000 ppm. According to some embodiments, any suitable oil may be used, including for example, mineral oil or similar, slack wax or similar, paraffin wax or similar or mixture of them
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the process may include unique conditions to enable to effective compaction of Polyhalite, including high temperatures ranging from 20 to 170° C. preferably 160° C. and high force conditions ranging from 45 to 100 kN/cm, preferably 55 kN/cm and Flack thickness between 9 mm to 33 mm.
  • According to some embodiments, the desired size of the granules is between 1-6 mm, most preferably between 1.4-4.75 mm.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the present invention allows for the effective compaction of Polyhalite which is difficult to compact under regular conditions due to the difficulty in achieving deformation of Polyhalite particles.
  • According to some embodiments the addition of Potash, Phosphate compounds or the like to Polyhalite and the unique conditions described herein enable to overcome the difficulties of compacting Polyhalite and to effectively provide compacted granules of with addition of phosphate compounds, Potassium Nitrate or Potassium Sulfate According to some demonstrative embodiments Potassium Nitrate will be added to Polyhalite and the unique conditions described herein enable to overcome the difficulties of compacting Polyhalite and to effectively provide compacted granules of Polyhalite, optionally with additional compounds like Potash, phosphate compounds or potassium Nitrate or Potassium Sulfate optionally with the addition of a binder. According to some embodiments, the process may include wet compaction, wherein the process is carried out in a temperature ranging from room 5 temperature (˜20° C.) to 100° C.
  • According to these embodiments, in wet compaction the process includes the following steps:
  • Mixing Polyhalite, optionally with a binder or binders suspension, solid or solution at room temperature;
    Feeding the mixture into a compactor to provide wet compacted flakes;
    Grinding of the flakes;
    Sieving of the grinded flakes; and
  • According to some embodiments, after sieving there are three types of yield:
      • 1. Desired sized flakes—from 9 to 33 mm thickness, S.G. between 1.9 to 2.8 g/cm3
      • 2. Oversized (OS) flakes—are returned to the grinding stage, e.g., between 20-40% of the yield.
      • 3. Undersized (US) flakes—are returned to the mixture for compaction
  • According to these embodiments, the wet compaction process includes heating the desired size granules to evaporate any water residues from the granules, resulting in dry granules. According to some embodiments, the granules are heated to a temperature of between 100-160° C., preferably 160° C.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder suspension may include a binder which is immersed in water, wherein the binder in the wet process is preferably fly ash, calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide. According to some embodiments, to the resulting flakes additives may be added, including for examples, nutrients, minerals, coating materials, sustained release compounds and the like.
  • According to some embodiments, the nutrients may include:
  • Nitrogen (N): leaf growth;
    Phosphorus (P): Development of roots, flowers, seeds, fruit;
    Potassium (K): Strong stem growth, movement of water in plants, promotion of flowering and fruiting;
    three secondary macronutrients: calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulphur (S); micronutrients: copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), boron (B), and of occasional significance there are silicon (Si), cobalt (Co), and vanadium (V) plus rare mineral catalysts.
  • According to some embodiments, the mixture of the present invention may also include additional fertilizer besides Polyhalite.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the term “fertilizer” may include any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soils or to plant tissues to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants, including, for example, Single nutrient (“straight”) fertilizers such as Ammonium nitrate, Urea, calcium ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, e.g., “Single superphosphate” (SSP), phosphogypsum,
  • Triple superphosphate (TSP) or a mixture thereof; Multinutrient fertilizers such as Binary (NP, NK, PK) fertilizers, e.g., monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and/or diammonium phosphate (DAP), NPK fertilizers which are three-component fertilizers providing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; fertilizers which include one or more of the main micronutrients sources of iron, manganese, boron, molybdenum, zinc, and copper and the like; Compound fertilizers, e.g., which contain N, P, and K; Organic fertilizers such as peat, animal wastes, plant wastes from agriculture, and sewage sludge; and/or Other elements such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.
  • According to some embodiments, the fertilizer preferably includes one or more of nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonia, anhydrous ammonium nitrate, urea and sodium nitrate; Phosphate fertilizers; Potassium fertilizers, such as Potash, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, or potassium nitrate
  • According to some embodiments, the fertilizer is preferably Ammonium Sulphate.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, the sieving is done using a siever having opening with a diameter of between 1.4-4.5 mm preferably between 2-4 mm, most preferably 3.4 mm.
  • According to some embodiments, the mixing is performed in a blade blender and/or any other suitable devise capable of having a rotation speed that creates a swirling motion for a perfect homogenization and a high blending precision, e.g., a Ploughshare® Mixer.
  • According to some embodiments, the resulting flakes/granules may be glazed and further coated with a suitable coating. For example, the coatings may include biodegradable coatings, sustained release coatings, controlled release coatings, oily coatings, wax coatings.
  • The resulting Polyhalite may include the following properties as detailed in table 1
  • TABLE 1
    Chemical Properties Concentration
    Sulphur (SO3)  48%.
    Potassium (K2O) 14%
    Magnesium (MgO)  6%
    Calcium (CaO) 17%
    H2O 0.1% 
  • TABLE 2
    Physical properties
    Bulk Density 1.34 T/m3
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, there is provided herein a process for the compaction of Polyhalite, comprising: mixing a feed of polyhalite with an inorganic binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting said mixture in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield particles in three different sizes: oversized fine particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized fine particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing and compacting, and desired size fine particles which are transferred to a polish screener for glazing and oiling.
  • According to some embodiments, the process may be a wet process including the addition of a binder.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be added to the mixer with the feed of polyhalite.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be selected from the group including, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be 2% CaO+5% Na2SiO3.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be Mg Lignosulfonate, for example, in a concentration of between 2%-5%.
  • According to some embodiments, the process may be a dry process wherein said mixture is heated in a heater after being mixed in said mixer.
  • According to some embodiments, the process may include adding an organic binder to the inorganic binder to create a mixture of organic-inorganic binder.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, there is provided herein a compacted granule of Polyhalite, comprising an inorganic binder.
  • According to some embodiments the granule comprises a thickness of 9 to 33 mm and a specific gravity (S.G.) of between 1.9 to 2.8 g/cm3.
  • According to some embodiments, the granule is between 1-6 mm, most preferably between 1.4-4.75 mm.
  • According to some embodiments, the granule comprises a single strength of between 0.8 kgForce/granule to 3.5 kgForce/granule, preferably between 0.9 kgForce/granule to 3.3 kgForce/granule, most preferably between 1.9 kgForce/granule to 2.0 kgForce/granule.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be selected from the group including, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be 2% CaO+5% Na2SiO3.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may be Mg Lignosulfonate, for example, in a concentration of between 2%-5%.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder may further an organic binder, added to the inorganic binder to create a mixture of organic-inorganic binder.
  • Reference is now made to FIG. 1 which depicts a wet process 1 for the compaction of Polyhalite in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments described herein.
  • As shown in FIG. 1, wet process 100 may include a binder preparation step 108.
  • According to some embodiments, preparation step 108 can include the following steps: binder heating, mixing, grinding, activation, dissolution and curing,
  • Step 106 depicts the addition of the binder to a pre-mixer 110, in which the pre-mixer 110 saves the homogenous composition of the binder mixture.
  • According to some embodiments, the binder is then added to a mixer 112 to which a feed of Polyhalite 102 is optionally added together with microelements 104. According to some embodiments, in mixer 112 the Polyhalite, microelements and binder are homogenously mixed together to create a Polyhalite wet mixture (“the mixture”).
  • According to some embodiments, the mixture may then be transferred to a compactor 114 to undergo compaction. The compactor may work in the follow conditions: high or low temperatures ranging from 20 to 100° C. and high force conditions ranging from 45 to 100 kN/cm, preferable 55 kN/cm and Flack thickness between 9 mm to 33 mm.
  • According to some embodiments, the mixture leaves compactor 114 as compacted masses which are then transferred to a crusher 116, and the masses are then crushed to finer particles in a size ranging from 0.1 mm to 33 mm.
  • According to some embodiments, the particles may undergo primary screening in a screener 118 with multiple decks between 1 mm to 6 mm, preferably 1.44 to 4.75 mm.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, from screener 118 there may be yielded particles in 3 different size ranges:
      • 1. Oversized particles 138 (also referred to herein as “OS”) having a size diameter of more than 6 mm.
      • 2. Undersized particles 134 (Also referred to herein as “US”) having a size diameter between of below 1 mm.
      • 3. Desired sized particles having a size diameter of between 1 to 6 mm
  • According to some embodiments undersized particles 134 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 118 can be separately granulated and/or introduced back to the process, e.g., to mixer 112 to be mixed again with the mixture. The range of the undersized particles 134 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 118 can be between 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • Oversized particles 138 may go at least one crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • For example, OS 138 may be transferred to crusher 120 and undergo a secondary screening in screener 122. Any particles having a desired size ranging between 0.1 mm to 6 mm that may result from screener 122 may be added back to screener 118.
  • Oversized particles 142 that result from screener 122 may undergo additional crushing in crusher 124, wherein particles yielded from crusher 124 are added back to screener 118 for further processing.
  • According to some embodiments, the differences between crusher 120 and 124 may be hammer mill or other kind of crushers.
  • According to some embodiments, the desired sized particles leaving screener 118 may go through a process of drying to drying any residual moisture from the particles and to yield dry particles.
  • The dry particles are then transferred to a polishing screener 128 to undergo an additional, finer, screening process 1 mm to 6 mm preferably 1.4 mm to 4.75 mm. According to some demonstrative embodiments, from polishing screener 128 there may be yielded particles in 3 different size ranges:
      • 1. Oversized particles 140 (also referred to herein as “OS”) having a size diameter over 6 mm;
      • 2. Undersized particles 136 (Also referred to herein as “US”) having a size diameter under 1 mm;
      • 3. Final particles having a size diameter of 1 to 6 mm, preferably 1.4-4.75 mm.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments the undersized particles 136 may be transferred back to mixer 112 to be mixed again with the mixture.
  • Oversized particles 140 may go through a crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • For example, OS 140 may undergo crushing in crusher 124, wherein particles yielded from crusher 124 are added back to screener 118 for further processing.
  • According to some embodiments, the final particles yielded from polishing screener 128 may go through a process of glazing in glazer 130.
  • According to some embodiments, the grazing system may prevent the abrasion and dust pollution during the transport. Glazer 130 may include a rotary drum, a drying can, various types of dryers, e.g., fluid bed dryer, or others
  • The yield from glazer 130 is to be packaged as the final product 132.
  • Reference is now made to FIG. 2 which depicts a dry process 2 for the compaction of Polyhalite.
  • As shown in FIG. 2, dry process 200 may include a feed of Polyhalite 202 which is optionally added together with a feed of microelements 204 to a mixer 206.
  • According to some embodiments, in mixer 206 the Polyhalite are homogenously mixed together to create a Polyhalite/additives dry mixture (“the dry mixture”).
  • According to some embodiments, the dry mixture may then be transferred to a Heater 208 to heat the material to compacting process between 100 to 170 degrees, preferably 160 degrees.
  • According to some embodiments, the heated dry mixture may then be transferred to a compactor 210 to undergo compaction and yield compacted masses. According to some embodiments, the compaction parameters may include high temperatures ranging from 20 to 170° C. preferably 160° C. and high force conditions ranging from 45 to 100 kN/cm, preferable 55 kN/cm and Flack thickness between 14 mm to 37 mm.
  • According to some embodiments, the compacted masses are then transferred to a crusher 212, and the masses are then crushed to finer particles.
  • According to some embodiments, the particles may undergo primary screening in a screener 214 with multiple decks between 1 mm to 6 mm, preferable 1.4-4.75.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, from screener 214 there may be yielded particles in 3 different size ranges:
    • 1. Oversized particles 232 (also referred to herein as “OS”) having a size diameter of having a size diameter of more than 6 mm.
    • 2. Undersized particles 228 (Also referred to herein as “US”) having a size diameter of less than 1 mm.
    • 3. Desired sized particles having a size diameter between 1 to 6 mm.
  • According to some embodiments undersized particles 228 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 214 can be separately granulated and/or introduced back to the process, e.g., to mixer 206 or heater 208. The range of the undersized particles 228 and/or any dust that may be formed while passing through screener 214 can be between 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments the undersized particles 228 may be transferred back to heater 208.
  • Oversized particles 232 may go at least one crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • For example, OS 232 may be transferred to crusher 222 and undergo a secondary screening in screener 224. Any particles having a desired size ranging between 1 to 6 mm preferable 1.4 mm to 4.7 mm that may result from screener 224 may be added back to screener 214. Oversized particles 236 that result from screener 224 may undergo additional crushing in crusher 226, wherein particles yielded from crusher 226 are added back to screener 214 for further processing.
  • According to some embodiments, the differences between crusher 222 and 226 may be the kind of crusher and operational parameters.
  • According to some embodiments, the desired sized particles leaving screener 214 may go through a polishing screener 216 to undergo an additional, finer, screening process. 1 to 6 mm preferable 1.4 mm to 4.7 mm.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments, from polishing screener 216 there may be yielded particles in 3 different size ranges:
      • 1. Oversized particles 234 (also referred to herein as “OS”) having a size diameter higher than 6 mm.
      • 2. Undersized particles 230 (Also referred to herein as “US”) having a size diameter lower than 1 mm.
      • 3. Final particles having a size diameter of 1-6 mm, preferably between 1.4-4.7 mm.
  • According to some demonstrative embodiments the undersized particles 230 may be transferred back to heater 208.
  • Oversized particles 234 may go through a crushing procedure to be crushed to a desired size.
  • For example, OS 234 may undergo crushing in crusher 226, wherein particles yielded from crusher 226 are added back to screener 214 for further processing.
  • According to some embodiments, the final particles yielded from polishing screener 216 may go through a process of glazing in glazer 218. According to some embodiments, the glazing system may prevent the abrasion and dust pollution during the transport. Glazer 218 may include a rotary drum, and dryer, can be used various types of dryers, e.g., fluid bed dryer, rotary dryer or others
  • The yield from glazer 218 is to be packaged as the final product 220.
    • EXAMPLES Example-1
  • The following conditions were set:
  •
    Feeding material 1. Polyhalite standard
    Binder grade
    2. 2%CaO + 5% Na2SiO3
    Equipment Units Value/Description
    Feed Temp ° C. 160-170
    Feed Rate ton/h 40
    Motor power kW 710
    Roll Width mm 800
    Roll speed [RPM] 18
    Linear speed [m/s] 0.94
    Roll Diameter [cm] 1000
    Flake specific weight g/cm3 >2.263
    Pressure Ratio 0.9
    Off load Gap [mm] 16
    Working Gap [mm] 20
    Force [kN/cm) 44
    Specific force [kN/(cm · mm) 2.6-3.1
    Screw Speed rpm 93-96
    Recycle Ratio High (preferably estimated
    based on the flakes’ size)
    1st Crusher Speed rpm 473-1500
    2st Crusher Speed rpm 473-1599
    Dust trap system Filter/cyclon
    • Specification of the Resulting Product
  • Granulometry 1.4-4.7 mm
    % H2O 0.1%
    Single Strength 2 kg Force/granule
    Dust after abrasion (%) 4
    • Example-2
  • The following conditions were set:
    • Specification of the Resulting Product
  • Granulometry 1.4-4.7 mm
    % H2O 0.1%
    Single Strength 2 kgForce/granule
    Dust after abrasion (%) 4
    • Example-3
  • Feeding material 1. Polyhalite standard
    Binder grade
    2. Mg Lignosulfonate 5%
    3. Water 1%
    Equipment Units Value/Description
    Feed Temp ° C. 12-19
    Motor power kW 710
    Roll Width mm 14
    Roll speed [RPM] 6
    Roll Diameter [cm] 600
    Flake specific weight g/cm3 >2.263
    Off load Gap [mm] 2
    Working Gap [mm] 14
    Force [kN/cm) 55-60
    Specific force [kN/(cm · mm) 2.6-3.1
    Recycle Ratio % 80
    1st Crusher Speed rpm 1000
    2st Crusher Speed rpm 700
  • Granulometry 1.4-4.7 mm
    Single Strength 1.9 kgForce/granule
    Dust after abrasion (%) 19.9
    • Example-4
  • Feeding material 1. Polyhalite standard
    Binder grade
    2. Liquid + Solid Na
    Lignosulfonate 2%
    3. Water 1.5%
    Equipment Units Value/Description
    Feed Temp ° C. 12-19
    Feed Rate ton/h 15
    Flake specific weight g/cm3 >2.263
    Working Gap [mm] 11
    Specific force [kN/(cm · mm) 2.6-3.1
    Granulometry 1.4-4.7 mm
    % H2O 1-0.8%
    Single Strength 0.9 kgForce/granule
    Single Strength after drying 3.3 kgForce/granule
  • While this invention has been described in terms of some specific examples, many modifications and variations are possible. It is therefore understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be realized otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims (13)

1. A process for the compaction of Polyhalite, comprising:
mixing a feed of polyhalite with an inorganic binder in a mixer to yield a mixture;
compacting said mixture in a compactor to yield masses;
crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and
screening said particles in a screener to yield particles in three different sizes:
oversized fine particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening,
undersized fine particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing and compacting, and
desired size fine particles which are transferred to a polish screener for glazing and oiling.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein said process is a wet process including the addition of a binder.
3. The process of claim 3, wherein said binder is added to the mixer with said feed of polyhalite.
4. The process of claim 4, wherein said binder is selected from the group including, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, and the like, or a combination thereof.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein said binder is 2% CaO+5% Na2SiO3.
6. The process of claim 4, wherein said binder is Mg Lignosulfonate.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein said process is a dry process wherein said mixture is heated in a heater after being mixed in said mixer.
8. The process of claim 1, further comprising adding an organic binder to the inorganic binder to create a mixture of organic-inorganic binder.
9. A compacted granule of Polyhalite, comprising an inorganic binder, wherein said granule comprises a thickness of 9 to 33 mm and a specific gravity (S.G.) of between 1.9 to 2.8 g/cm3, a size of 1.4-4.75 mm and and a single strength of between 0.9 kgForce/granule to 3.3 kgForce/granule.
10. The granule of claim 9, wherein said binder is selected from the group including, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, hydrated lime, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulphuric), water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Geo-polymers, and the like, or a combination thereof.
11. The granule of claim 10, wherein said binder is 2% CaO+5% Na2SiO3.
12. The granule of claim 10, wherein said binder is Mg Lignosulfonate, in a concentration of between 2%-5%.
13. The granule of claim 10, wherein said binder further comprises an organic binder, added to the inorganic binder to create a mixture of organic-inorganic binder.
US17/292,865 2018-11-23 2019-11-22 Compacted Polyhalite and a process for the production thereof Active 2042-05-16 US12195409B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/292,865 US12195409B2 (en) 2018-11-23 2019-11-22 Compacted Polyhalite and a process for the production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862770886P 2018-11-23 2018-11-23
US17/292,865 US12195409B2 (en) 2018-11-23 2019-11-22 Compacted Polyhalite and a process for the production thereof
PCT/IL2019/051278 WO2020105055A1 (en) 2018-11-23 2019-11-22 Compacted polyhalite and a process for the production thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20210395158A1 true US20210395158A1 (en) 2021-12-23
US12195409B2 US12195409B2 (en) 2025-01-14

Family

ID=70774683

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/292,865 Active 2042-05-16 US12195409B2 (en) 2018-11-23 2019-11-22 Compacted Polyhalite and a process for the production thereof

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US12195409B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3883693A4 (en)
CN (1) CN113164970A (en)
BR (1) BR112021009934A2 (en)
IL (1) IL283118A (en)
WO (1) WO2020105055A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220204417A1 (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-06-30 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Phosphogypsum containing fertilizer granules

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021033178A1 (en) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A. Granules of polyhalite, potash and ammonium sulphate and a compaction process for the production thereof
US12049432B2 (en) 2020-08-24 2024-07-30 Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A. Granule of polyhalite and phosphate rock and a compaction process for the production thereof
WO2022043985A1 (en) * 2020-08-24 2022-03-03 Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A. A granule of polyhalite and phosphate rock and a compaction process for the production thereof
WO2022144868A1 (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-07 Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A. Granules of polyhalite and dolomite
EP4294780A4 (en) * 2021-02-16 2025-01-08 ICL Europe Cooperatief UA KAOLIN BINDING AGENT FOR FERTILIZERS
US20230175633A1 (en) * 2021-12-02 2023-06-08 Whirlpool Corporation Insulated structures and methods of making the same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2522491A (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-07-29 Sirius Minerals Plc Pelletising an evaporite mineral
GB2530757A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-06 Sirius Minerals Plc Pelletising process
CA2963011A1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-07 K+S Kali Gmbh Method for the production of sulphate of potash granulates, sulphate of potash granulate obtained thereby, and use thereof
CA2963014A1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-07 K+S Kali Gmbh Method for the production of sulphate of potash granulates, sulphate of potash granulate obtained thereby, and use thereof
GB2560026A (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-29 Sirius Minerals Plc Forming evaporite mineral products
US10934225B2 (en) * 2017-06-15 2021-03-02 Icl Europe Cooperatief U. A. Compaction of polyhalite and potash mixture

Family Cites Families (143)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2136996A (en) 1931-04-20 1938-11-15 Firm Of Th Goldschmidt A G Decomposition of complex sulphate salts containing alkali sulphates and alkaline earth sulphates
US2138827A (en) 1937-08-03 1938-12-06 Reginald K Bailey Method of breaking down and utilizing the constituents of polyhalite
US3043652A (en) 1951-05-18 1962-07-10 Metallgesellschaft Ag Fluid bed process for granulating fine-grained materials
US2997171A (en) 1958-06-02 1961-08-22 Int Minerals & Chem Corp Method for beneficiating potash materials
GB935007A (en) 1960-07-01 1963-08-21 Mandoval Ltd Method of and device for preserving grass and other growing plants during periods of drought
US3332827A (en) 1963-08-05 1967-07-25 George L Griffith Method and apparatus for laying elongated mat
US3332470A (en) 1966-01-25 1967-07-25 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Method for concentrating solutions
AU425206B2 (en) 1967-07-10 1972-06-19 Thomas Hough William Process and apparatus for extracting solvent from a solution
US3548046A (en) 1967-11-13 1970-12-15 Shell Oil Co Granulation of oil-coated water-soluble fine particle of potash material
CA916665A (en) 1970-02-17 1972-12-12 Cominco Ltd. Potash granulation
GB1378938A (en) 1972-03-06 1974-12-27 Cropp J A D Fertiliser composition
US3876387A (en) 1972-03-13 1975-04-08 Kerr Mc Gee Chem Corp Method of producing burkeite
US3877920A (en) 1973-01-31 1975-04-15 George Carlberg Method of reclaiming wastes and products therefrom
DE2408410A1 (en) 1973-02-23 1974-08-29 Calcium Products Corp LIMESTONE CORES AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
CA1045027A (en) 1975-09-26 1978-12-26 Walter A. Hedden Hydraulic fracturing method using sintered bauxite propping agent
DE2643001C3 (en) 1976-09-24 1979-06-07 Kali Und Salz Ag, 3500 Kassel Process for the production of potassium sulfate
US4385920A (en) 1976-12-02 1983-05-31 International Minerals & Chemical Corp. Granulation of potash salts
SU695018A1 (en) 1978-01-31 1982-06-23 Киевский Технологический Институт Пищевой Промышленности Apparatus for osmosis and ultrafiltering
JPS5551784A (en) 1978-10-09 1980-04-15 Denpatsu Fly Ash Method and apparatus for manufacturing potassium silicate fertilizer
US4283423A (en) 1979-08-20 1981-08-11 United States Gypsum Company Free-flowing granular urea nutrient supplements
SU990756A1 (en) 1980-11-18 1983-01-23 Калушское Производственное Объединение "Хлорвинил" Им.60-Летия Великой Октябрьской Социалистической Революции Process for producing granulated potassium fertilizer
US4427068A (en) 1982-02-09 1984-01-24 Kennecott Corporation Sintered spherical pellets containing clay as a major component useful for gas and oil well proppants
SU1310337A1 (en) 1984-07-11 1987-05-15 Уральский филиал Всесоюзного научно-исследовательского и проектного института галургии Method for producing dustless potassium chloride
US5112379A (en) 1984-10-25 1992-05-12 Union Oil Company Of California Multicomponent soil supplement
FR2583412B1 (en) 1985-06-17 1990-11-02 Alsace Mines Potasse PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF POTASSIUM SULFATE BY WET PROCESSING FROM CARNALLITE AND A SULFATE DERIVATIVE SELECTED AMONG SODIUM SULFATE AND EPSOMITE.
SU1430388A1 (en) 1986-12-02 1988-10-15 Институт общей и неорганической химии АН БССР Method of producing granulated potassium-containing fertilizer
US4880582A (en) 1987-07-22 1989-11-14 Aardelite Holding B. V. Hardening granulated material at elevated temperatures
SU1574542A1 (en) 1988-03-21 1990-06-30 Ленинградское высшее военное инженерное строительное Краснознаменное училище им.генерала армии А.Н.Комаровского Solar sea-water desalination plant
US4963231A (en) 1988-06-13 1990-10-16 Ahlstromforetagen Svenska Ab Method for evaporation of liquids
JP3151814B2 (en) 1988-08-19 2001-04-03 松下電器産業株式会社 Electromagnetic sounding body
US5383952A (en) 1989-06-07 1995-01-24 Kali Und Salz Aktiengesellschaft Process for binding dust in fertilizer granules
US5174804A (en) 1989-09-29 1992-12-29 Vigoro Industries, Inc. Fertilizer/pesticide composition and method of treating plants
IT1243397B (en) 1990-11-27 1994-06-10 Agrimont Spa PROCESS FOR THE GRANULATION OF POTASSIC SALTS
CN1076435A (en) 1992-03-13 1993-09-22 化学工业部化学矿产地质研究院 Salt field method for producing picromerite and potassium sulfate
CN1083800A (en) 1992-09-05 1994-03-16 四川蜀华化工新技术开发有限公司 Biotechnology is made the method for (phosphorus) potash fertilizer
US5651888A (en) 1992-12-16 1997-07-29 Kubota Corporation Filtration membrane cartridge
CN1033491C (en) 1992-12-16 1996-12-11 久保田株式会社 Filter membrane support
CN1093695A (en) 1994-05-10 1994-10-19 武汉三益磁化肥技术发展有限公司 A kind of magnetized compound fertilizer and production method thereof
IL113104A (en) 1995-03-23 1999-01-26 Dead Sea Works Ltd Process for the production of granulated potassium chloride
WO1997030782A1 (en) 1996-02-20 1997-08-28 Mikuni Corporation Method for producing granulated material
PL185764B1 (en) 1996-04-19 2003-07-31 Airborne Ind Minerals Inc Granulating method and apparatus
EP0918045A1 (en) 1997-02-18 1999-05-26 Mikuni Corporation Ceramic granules
US6287496B1 (en) 1997-05-07 2001-09-11 Bene-Tech, Inc. Method of granulating peat using gentle extrusion conditions and viscosified water
IL121073A (en) 1997-06-13 2000-07-16 Contrix Ltd Method for production of controlled release chemicals by encapsulation
US6454979B1 (en) 1998-04-17 2002-09-24 Airborne Industrial Minerals Inc. Wet granulation method for generating granules
CN1098236C (en) 1999-04-13 2003-01-08 中国农业工程研究设计院 Drying-granulating integrated process for preparing granular compound organic fertilizer and its complete set of apparatuses
US6404441B1 (en) 1999-07-16 2002-06-11 Jet Software, Inc. System for creating media presentations of computer software application programs
FI108028B (en) 1999-09-21 2001-11-15 Kemira Agro Oy Improved process for the preparation of urea-based fertilizer mixture
BR0015207B1 (en) 1999-11-02 2009-08-11 process for treating waste water from an industrial process for the production of propylene oxide.
CN1407957B (en) 1999-12-08 2012-05-09 理查德O·W·哈特曼 Stable synergistic slow release fertilizer calcium cyanamide composition
TWI226320B (en) 2001-02-21 2005-01-11 Jfe Steel Corp Slow effective potassium fertilizer and method thereof
CN1156396C (en) 2001-05-18 2004-07-07 付国杰 Method for preparing potassium sulfate by one section conversion flotation process
JP2003112017A (en) 2001-10-04 2003-04-15 Toray Ind Inc Filtration membrane module and clean water producing method
CN1485124A (en) 2001-11-13 2004-03-31 徐守才 New pattern board-frame structure ultra-filter and reverse osmosis device used in cleanly production
JP3816870B2 (en) 2002-12-05 2006-08-30 日本電工株式会社 Granular fertilizer and method for producing the same
DE60335214D1 (en) 2002-12-19 2011-01-13 Hydranautics Oceanside PROCESS FOR CLEANING AND PURIFYING A MEMBRANE AREA IN FILTRATION
CN1281496C (en) 2003-05-19 2006-10-25 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Floatation process of preparing potassium sulfate
JP4421256B2 (en) 2003-10-06 2010-02-24 月島機械株式会社 Filtration unit, method for installing the filtration unit, and filtration device
WO2005107454A2 (en) 2004-04-30 2005-11-17 Nft Industries, Llc Controlled release fertilizers employing ureaform compounds and processes for making same
CN1690023A (en) 2004-04-30 2005-11-02 河南省科学院地理研究所 Granular silicon-kalium fertilizer
US7682656B2 (en) 2004-06-14 2010-03-23 Agruim Inc. Process and apparatus for producing a coated product
NO323431B1 (en) 2004-07-20 2007-04-30 Elkem As Granules of powdered manganese manganese oxide and process for the preparation of granules
US20060148646A1 (en) 2004-09-23 2006-07-06 Taylor Pursell Controlled release fertilizers containing calcium sulfate and processes for making same
US8083942B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2011-12-27 Board of Regents of the Nevada System of Higher Education, on Behalf of the Universary of Nevada, Reno Systems and methods for purification of liquids
CA2670866C (en) 2005-03-09 2013-01-22 Vitag Llc Processes to beneficiate heat-dried biosolid pellets
CN1298680C (en) 2005-07-18 2007-02-07 中国农业大学 Organic compound fertilizer pelletizing adhesive and its preparing method
CN1793064A (en) 2005-12-19 2006-06-28 美盛公司 Pelletization of lemery salt
NO329120B1 (en) 2005-12-22 2010-08-30 Statkraft Dev As Method and system for performing maintenance on a membrane having semi-permeable properties
US8491692B2 (en) 2006-02-08 2013-07-23 The Andersons, Inc. Dispersable potash granule
WO2007147013A1 (en) 2006-06-13 2007-12-21 Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education, On Behalf Of The University Of Nevada, Reno Combined membrane-distillation-forward-osmosis systems and methods of use
GB0622520D0 (en) 2006-11-13 2006-12-20 Univ Sheffield Water purification
US7785553B2 (en) 2007-03-14 2010-08-31 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Reducing explosive potential of ammonium nitrate
FR2916654B1 (en) 2007-06-04 2011-04-08 Ceca Sa SPHERICAL AGGLOMERS BASED ON ZEOLITE (S), PROCESS FOR OBTAINING THEM AND USE THEREOF IN PROCESSES OF ADSORPTION OR CATALYSIS.
US8790517B2 (en) 2007-08-01 2014-07-29 Rockwater Resource, LLC Mobile station and methods for diagnosing and modeling site specific full-scale effluent treatment facility requirements
DE102007049182B3 (en) 2007-10-13 2009-05-14 Kali-Umwelttechnik Gmbh Producing potassium-magnesium-fertilizer and filling material, from polymineralic raw potassium salt, comprises e.g. fragmenting dry raw salt by sieving to different fractions and separating to magnetic and non-magnetic fractions
AU2008346715A1 (en) 2008-01-07 2009-07-16 Haag Family Trust A desalination system
US8501253B2 (en) 2008-03-21 2013-08-06 Smart Salt, Inc. Carnallite-like food salts and products thereof
US8177978B2 (en) 2008-04-15 2012-05-15 Nanoh20, Inc. Reverse osmosis membranes
US7901578B2 (en) 2008-04-17 2011-03-08 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Method and system for treating an aqueous stream in the production of hydrocarbon
CN101608168A (en) 2009-06-24 2009-12-23 肖君 The production method of organic potassic fertilizer inoculum agent and biological organic fertilizer
CN101993270B (en) 2009-08-12 2013-09-18 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 Method for preparing compound fertilizer and product thereof
CN101993317B (en) 2009-08-12 2014-09-17 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of puffed particle compound fertilizer and product thereof
DE102009041456A1 (en) 2009-09-12 2011-03-24 K-Utec Ag Salt Technologies Producing high percentage potassium chloride from polymineralic, magnesium sulfate rich crude potassium salt or from crude salt fraction obtained during dry treatment of crude salt, comprises hot dissolution-cold crystallization process
EA023086B1 (en) 2009-10-30 2016-04-29 Оасис Уотер, Инк. Osmotic separation system and method
US8282898B2 (en) 2009-11-23 2012-10-09 Karnalyte Resources Inc. Process for the formulation of potassium chloride from a carnallite source
CN102001899B (en) 2009-12-15 2014-05-28 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 Bulk blended fertilizer and preparing method thereof
CN101792334B (en) 2010-02-10 2012-05-16 吉林市博达钾肥有限公司 Potassium chloride spherical particles and preparation method thereof
CN102249766A (en) 2010-05-18 2011-11-23 国投新疆罗布泊钾盐有限责任公司 Manufacture method of particle potash fertilizer
US20110315632A1 (en) 2010-05-24 2011-12-29 Freije Iii William F Membrane filtration system
CN101844949B (en) 2010-05-31 2013-04-24 中港泰富(北京)高科技有限公司 Disintegration-type silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer
CN102464500A (en) 2010-10-29 2012-05-23 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Process scheme for preparing high-concentration round granular potash fertilizer
CN102464508A (en) 2010-10-29 2012-05-23 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Compound fertilizer granulation adhesive and use method thereof
DE102010050892A1 (en) 2010-11-10 2012-04-12 Aaa Water Technologies Ag separation system
KR101335445B1 (en) 2010-12-24 2013-12-05 한국건설기술연구원 Device and Method for Desalination
CA2827745C (en) 2011-02-18 2021-03-16 Vale S.A. Process to obtain potassium chloride
LT5921B (en) 2011-06-13 2013-04-25 UAB "ARVI" ir ko Process for preparing bulk compound frtilizer
US20130001162A1 (en) 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Victor Yangali-Quintanilla Apparatus, System, and Method for Forward Osmosis in Water Reuse
CN102304003A (en) 2011-07-28 2012-01-04 江苏丹化煤制化学品工程技术有限公司 Oxalamide slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof
RU2607105C2 (en) 2011-08-04 2017-01-10 Мос Холдингз Инк. Compacted potassium fertilizer containing micronutrients, and methods of their production
CA2844658A1 (en) 2011-08-10 2013-02-14 Oasys Water, Inc. Membrane modules
GEP20166500B (en) 2011-10-14 2016-06-27 Stamicarbon Method for urea final processing
BRPI1107333A2 (en) 2011-12-14 2013-11-05 Roberto Mosteiro Demario GRANULATED PLASTER FERTILIZER
US20130233797A1 (en) 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Great Salt Lake Minerals Corporation Methods for osmotic concentration of hyper saline streams
CA2890360C (en) 2012-07-02 2020-03-31 Dead Sea Works Ltd. Submerged plate forward osmosis systems
CA2800890C (en) 2012-07-18 2016-07-12 Synagro Technologies, Inc. Homogeneous enriched biosolids product and process of bio-nutrient granulation for making same
WO2014026048A2 (en) 2012-08-08 2014-02-13 Charah, Inc. Synthetic gypsum fertilizer product and method of making
CN103011958B (en) 2012-12-13 2016-04-27 广西农垦明阳生化集团股份有限公司 A kind of composite fertilizer and production method containing highly effective binder
EP2934727B1 (en) 2012-12-21 2024-05-01 Porifera, Inc. Separation systems utilizing stacked membranes and spacers
EP2759337A1 (en) 2013-01-25 2014-07-30 Basf Se Additive for hydraulically setting masses
US9550703B2 (en) 2013-03-01 2017-01-24 Nous, Llc Granulation method and system
MA38481B1 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-12-29 Mosaic Co Fertilizer composition and process for its preparation
DE102013004597A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 K-Utec Ag Salt Technologies Process for press granulation of non-ductile salts
AU2013389228A1 (en) 2013-05-06 2015-12-03 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation Fertilizer compositions and methods thereof
GB2514776A (en) 2013-06-03 2014-12-10 Ide Technologies Ltd Method of operating a pressure-retarded osmosis plant
CN104341228A (en) 2013-07-31 2015-02-11 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 A potassium chloride particle fertilizer and a preparing method thereof
EP2840074A1 (en) 2013-08-23 2015-02-25 Biotensidon GmbH Composition for stimulating the cultivation of plants, use of same and method of production
WO2015054511A1 (en) 2013-10-12 2015-04-16 Synder Filtration Stacked plate-shaped composite membrane cartridge
CN103688788A (en) 2013-11-26 2014-04-02 刘芳 Three-dimensional greening light-weight nutrient soil column and preparation method thereof
CN103613464A (en) 2013-11-28 2014-03-05 苏州负碳谷材料科技有限公司 Sustained-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
GB2522490B (en) 2014-06-02 2015-12-09 Sirius Minerals Plc Fertiliser product
GB2522492B (en) 2014-06-02 2020-07-15 York Potash Ltd Dry powder processing
CN104016379B (en) 2014-06-05 2016-07-06 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 A kind of preparation method of potassium sulfate
US9376349B2 (en) 2014-08-28 2016-06-28 Reinhart Robert Cook Pelletized fertilizer and method for manufacturing fertilizer
CN104211545B (en) 2014-09-22 2016-05-25 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 A kind of acid ground special bio charcoal base compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN104355778B (en) 2014-09-26 2017-02-15 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Potassium fertilizer granules and granulating method thereof
CN104609967A (en) 2015-02-01 2015-05-13 中农舜天生态肥业有限公司 Preparation method of double-control slow release multi-element coating composite fertilizer
CO7200058A1 (en) 2015-02-24 2015-02-27 Com Izadora Internac Del Ct Ltda Cic Ltda Process and equipment for the production of thermo-activated fertilizer granules from smectic phyllosilicates of volcanic origin
EP3288901B1 (en) 2015-05-01 2024-10-16 Dead Sea Works Ltd. Method for the removal of fouling precipitates from forward osmosis filtration membranes
CN107418586B (en) 2015-09-01 2020-05-01 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 Granular south rice field acid soil conditioner taking rice husks as matrix
CN105130645A (en) 2015-09-02 2015-12-09 郑州大学 Biological slow-release potash fertilizer and preparation method thereof
US11072567B2 (en) 2015-11-12 2021-07-27 Yara International Asa Urea-based blend composition and method for the manufacture thereof
GB2544340B (en) 2015-11-13 2022-04-20 York Potash Ltd Composite fertiliser systems
CN105347983A (en) 2015-12-23 2016-02-24 山东农业大学 Special super-large-granule humic acid fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method of special super-large-granule humic acid fertilizer
CN107922286B (en) 2016-03-22 2022-05-24 死海工程有限公司 Spherical fertilizer and production method thereof
CN106082279B (en) 2016-06-21 2017-12-26 化工部长沙设计研究院 A kind of method that potassium sulfate is produced using carnallite as raw material
US20180086675A1 (en) 2016-09-26 2018-03-29 Perfect Blend, Llc Biotic Phosphate Fertilizers and Methods for Production
EP3529226A1 (en) 2016-10-22 2019-08-28 Dead Sea Works Ltd. Binders for the granulation of fertilizers
CN106495811B (en) 2016-11-15 2021-04-23 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 Round particle mineral fertilizer granulation process and device
CN106699485A (en) 2016-12-16 2017-05-24 山东农业大学 Fruit tree honeycomb fertilizer and preparation method thereof
GB2572295B (en) 2016-12-17 2022-10-26 Dead Sea Works Ltd A process for the recovery of SOP as a product of reaction between sulphate bearing mineral and carnallite
MY192230A (en) 2017-02-10 2022-08-10 ICL Europe Cooperatief UA Polyhalite granulation process
GB2560025A (en) 2017-02-27 2018-08-29 Sirius Minerals Plc Forming evaporite mineral products
GB2577865B (en) 2018-09-27 2023-08-16 Anglo American Woodsmith Ltd Binder compositions

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2522491A (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-07-29 Sirius Minerals Plc Pelletising an evaporite mineral
GB2530757A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-06 Sirius Minerals Plc Pelletising process
CA2963011A1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-07 K+S Kali Gmbh Method for the production of sulphate of potash granulates, sulphate of potash granulate obtained thereby, and use thereof
CA2963014A1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-07 K+S Kali Gmbh Method for the production of sulphate of potash granulates, sulphate of potash granulate obtained thereby, and use thereof
GB2560026A (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-29 Sirius Minerals Plc Forming evaporite mineral products
US10934225B2 (en) * 2017-06-15 2021-03-02 Icl Europe Cooperatief U. A. Compaction of polyhalite and potash mixture

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220204417A1 (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-06-30 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Phosphogypsum containing fertilizer granules

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL283118A (en) 2021-06-30
EP3883693A4 (en) 2022-08-24
US12195409B2 (en) 2025-01-14
CN113164970A (en) 2021-07-23
WO2020105055A1 (en) 2020-05-28
EP3883693A1 (en) 2021-09-29
BR112021009934A2 (en) 2021-08-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10934225B2 (en) Compaction of polyhalite and potash mixture
US12195409B2 (en) Compacted Polyhalite and a process for the production thereof
US20220162133A1 (en) Polyhalite and potash granules
IL268611B2 (en) Polyhalite granulation process
US20220298084A1 (en) Granules of polyhalite, potash and ammonium sulphate and a compaction process for the production thereof
IL294104A (en) Granula of polyhalite and sulfate of potash and a process for its creation
WO2023073697A1 (en) A process for the production of a unified granule of polyhalite and an n-fertilizer
WO2022043985A1 (en) A granule of polyhalite and phosphate rock and a compaction process for the production thereof
US20230250037A1 (en) Granules of polyhalite and urea and a compaction process for the production thereof
US20230016469A1 (en) A fertilizer granule of polyhalite and potassium sulphate and a compaction process for the production thereof
US12049432B2 (en) Granule of polyhalite and phosphate rock and a compaction process for the production thereof
WO2023067591A1 (en) A granule of kieserite and a process for the production thereof
US20230022702A1 (en) A granule of polyhalite and ammonium sulphate and a compaction process for the production thereof
EA044470B1 (en) POLYHALITE AND POTASH GRANULES
BR112019026669B1 (en) PROCESS FOR COMPACTING POLYLITE WITH POTASSE

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: ICL EUROPE COOPERATIEF U.A., NETHERLANDS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ABU RABEAH, KHALIL;GEINIK, NATALIA;SOCOLOVSKY, RUBEN;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:056204/0501

Effective date: 20210509

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: ENTITY STATUS SET TO UNDISCOUNTED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: BIG.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED -- APPLICATION RECEIVED IN OFFICE OF PUBLICATIONS

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT RECEIVED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: AWAITING TC RESP, ISSUE FEE PAYMENT RECEIVED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT VERIFIED

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE