CN104355778B - Potassium fertilizer granules and granulating method thereof - Google Patents
Potassium fertilizer granules and granulating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104355778B CN104355778B CN201410499552.1A CN201410499552A CN104355778B CN 104355778 B CN104355778 B CN 104355778B CN 201410499552 A CN201410499552 A CN 201410499552A CN 104355778 B CN104355778 B CN 104355778B
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- potassium
- potassium fertilizer
- fertilizer
- thermoplastic starch
- pellet
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 23
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920008262 Thermoplastic starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004628 starch-based polymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 49
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 47
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002811 oleoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010094 polymer processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to potassium fertilizer granules and a granulating method thereof. The potassium fertilizer granules are characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 85%-90% of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate powder, 7%-14% of thermoplastic starch, 0.4%-1.8% of a dispersant and 0.4%-1.8% of a surface treatment agent, wherein the total weight percent of the raw materials is 100%. According to the granulating method, the granulating operation of a potassium fertilizer is finished through a double-screw extruder, and the potassium fertilizer and the thermoplastic starch are uniformly dispersed in the double-screw extruder under the action of an assistant and are mixed, coupled, compressed, extruded and diced. The granulating method comprises the following concrete steps: a, grinding; b, dosing; c, blending; d, mixing; e, granulating; f, cooling; g, screening; h, packaging to obtain the qualified potassium fertilizer granules. The method is simple in process and low in cost, and can be used for continuous production; the obtained potassium fertilizer granules are regular, uniform in nutrition dispersion and high in intensity, and have market application values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of potash fertilizer, more particularly, it relates to a kind of potassium fertilizer particle and its prilling process, genus
Graininess slow-release potassium fertilizer field.
Background technology
Potash fertilizer is one of three large chemical fertilizer kinds, mainly potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash（Potassium carbonate）Deng potassium salt, these
Potassium salt is powder or little particle crystal, easily dissolves in water, and plant then mainly absorbs the potassium ion in the soil liquid.Potassium unit
Element is one of indispensable element of plant, and plant includes 0.2% ~ 4.1% that potassium typically constitutes from dry matter weight, is only second to nitrogen, can
See that Potassium Fertilizer is big, according to statistics, the annual potash fertilizer consumption figure of China is close to 5,000,000 tons.
Common potash fertilizer is in powder, is a kind of fertilizer efficiency quick-acting fertilizer faster, after being applied to soil, nutrient crosses quick release
Put, crop of easily burning.Meanwhile, the nutrient not absorbed in time by crop easily outflows with water, and leads to potassium utilization rate to decline, according to system
Meter, this season utilization rate of China's potash fertilizer is only 35% ~ 40%, and the waste of potassium resource not only makes economy incur loss, and Polluted Soil
Earth, water source.In addition, powder potash fertilizer physical property is not good, during handling, easily play dirt, long storage time is easily lumpd, poor fluidity is applied
Fertile extremely inconvenient it is more difficult to realize mechanical fertilization.And granular potash fertilizer can play certain slow releasing function, potash fertilizer nutrient can be improved
Utilization rate；Granular potash fertilizer good physical performance simultaneously, does not play dirt during handling, long-term storage is not lumpd, and good fluidity is it is easy to expire
The requirement of sufficient mechanization of agriculture fertilising；Other granular fertilizers that can also be close with granular size directly mix that to be configured to BB fertile and have multiple
The effect in Hefei.
But, because potash fertilizer potassium chloride belongs to cubic system, potassium sulfate belongs to orthorhombic system, is ionic crystals, this
Crystal structure leads to its no adhesion and plasticity so that its pelletize is difficult.At present, world's potash fertilizer yield about 74,000,000 t chlorine
Change potassium, wherein only 40% is processed to granular pattern, and 90% granular potash fertilizer is all with powdery potash fertilizer as raw material, using roller extruder method
Secondary operations are obtained.Therefore, a kind of process is simple, low cost, power consumption is few, can carry out quantity-produced, and gained potassium fertilizer particle
The high production method of intensity granulates potash fertilizer technology to China and market has extremely important meaning.
Extrusion molding is completed by screw extruder, and it is material heating to be melted to viscous state, by screw rod
Squeezing action, promotes the material of viscous state to become the section continuum similar with Oral incision by mouth mould, if using
Circular orifices mould, then can be cut into extrudate the graininess of rule, and granulating rate is high.Extrusion moulding in plastic product forming plus
Work industry occupies critically important status, and the method has following features：1.. continuous prodution；2.. very high productivity ratio；3.. should
Wide with scope；4.. require less investment while yielding quicker results.
Double screw extruder occurs on the basis of single screw extrusion machine and grows up, and squeezes except possessing single screw rod
Go out outside machine basic characteristics, it also has, and shearing force is big, heat transfer area is big, accurate measurement, feed performance are good, is suitable for powder and adds
Work, melting effect are good, and aerofluxuss and reaction effect are good, have the advantages that self-cleaning function simultaneously, are widely used in processing and forming, preformed mixes
The aspects such as refining, polyreaction and waste disposal.Meshing co rotating twin screw extrusion is more brought changeable with its modular construction
Property and adaptability and excellent mixed performance, at present, double screw extruder is out of trade except applying to Polymer Processing, also extensively transports
For fields such as chemical industry, food processing industry, feed processing industry, paper-making industry, gunpowder manufacturing industry.
Patent CN 201310528939.0 discloses the granulation aid combination needed for a kind of agglomeration granulation, and granulation aid is
Mixed by polyacrylamide, sodium silicate and Borax, polyacrylamide, sodium silicate and Borax are have caking property organic
Or inorganic material, after these granulation aid and powder potash fertilizer and water uniformly mixs and crushes, in agglomeration granulation machine（As disc granulation
Machine, rotary drum granulator）Carry out agglomeration granulation, the operation such as be finally dried, cool down, screening.This prilling process is wet agglomeration
Pelletize（Add water）, in its production process, pelletize, drying process are difficult, and product appearance is poor, the low shortcoming of granule strength.
Patent CN201010175892.0 discloses a kind of method that roller press type produces potassium fertilizer particle, and the method passes through roll-in
Machine by potash fertilizer tabletting, is then passed through dry, broken, granulate, the step of screening and implements pelletize, the method pelletize effect is low, yield
Little it is difficult to meet large-scale production.
Patent CN201310347978.0 discloses a kind of sprinkling pelleting method of potash fertilizer potassium chloride particle, the method pelletize
In tower, potash fertilizer potassium chloride is heated to through spray after 800 DEG C of meltings, melting potassium chloride is lowered the temperature rapidly in descent, is formed
A kind of circular hollow granule, the potassium chloride particle that the method is produced has good mobility, but its granulation tower building cost
Height, needs to be heated to making 800 DEG C of high temperature of chlorination kali fusion in production process, power consumption is too high.
Therefore, a kind of process is simple, low cost are developed, power consumption is few, can continuously be produced, yield is high, and gained potassium
The high production technology route of fertile granule strength and method have extremely important meaning to China's granulating potash fertilizer technology and market.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed in above-mentioned patent, and the potassium fertilizer particle that roller extruder method produces is irregular, yields poorly, and melting spray is made
Grain cost is high, power consumption is big, the technological operation difficulty of agglomeration granulation, appearance poor, the low shortcoming of granule strength, provides a kind of potash fertilizer
Grain and its prilling process.Potash fertilizer pelletize is combined by the present invention with double screw extruder, by thermoplastic starch and other auxiliary agents, makes
Standby go out a kind of regular particles, nutrient be uniformly dispersed, high intensity potassium fertilizer particle.Present invention process is simple, low cost, and power consumption is few, can
Continuous production, yield is high, has great market value.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of potassium fertilizer particle it is characterised in that：This potassium fertilizer particle component mass percent is：Potassium chloride or potassium sulfate
Powder 85% ~ 90%, thermoplastic starch 7% ~ 14%, dispersant 0.4% ~ 1.8%, surface conditioning agent 0.4% ~ 1.8%, each component
Sum is 100%.
Above-mentioned potassium fertilizer particle, described potassium chloride or potassium sulfate powder size are less than 100 μm；Described thermoplastic starch
Degree of crystallinity is≤5%, and melt flow rate (MFR) is 0.2 ~ 5g/10min, and melt processing temperature scope is 120 ~ 160 DEG C；Described divides
Powder is one of low molecular polyethylene, stearic acid, and surface conditioning agent is three oleoyl isopropyl titanates, in tributyl phosphate
One kind.
Above-mentioned potassium fertilizer particle, this granular potash fertilizer prilling process is to complete pelletize by double screw extruder to potash fertilizer,
Granulation step is：
A. pulverize, potash fertilizer potassium chloride or potassium sulfate are crushed to less than 100 μm in ball mill；
B. dispensing, weighs pulverizing afterchlorinate potassium or potassium sulfate, thermoplastic starch, dispersant, table respectively by matter percentage
Face inorganic agent；
C. mix, first potash fertilizer powder is sequentially added high-speed mixer or two-dimensional mixing with thermoplastic starch and dispersant
Machine, starts mixer, mixes 10 ~ 20 minutes, is subsequently added into surface conditioning agent and mixes 10 ~ 15 minutes, makes material mix homogeneously；
D. knead, mixed uniformly material is sent into double screw extruder, through charging, conveying, mixing, coupling reaction,
Compression, finally through die extrusion；
E. pelletize, the material being compacted after mixing reaction, pellet is directly cut to after die extrusion by air-flow comminutor；
F. cool down, pellet carries out preliminary quenching in the air stream of air-flow comminutor, is then sent into fluid bed by air stream
Pellet is cooled down further；
G. screen, the pellet after cooling is sent into vibrosieve and is screened, particle diameter 3 ± 1mm is qualified pellet, unqualified
Pellet process after be re-fed into extruder pelletize；
H. pack, pellet qualified for particle diameter is packed, obtain qualified potassium fertilizer particle.
Above-mentioned potassium fertilizer particle prilling process, described double-screw extruder screw draw ratio is 20 ~ 35:1, a diameter of 60
~150mm；Screw combinations include feed zone, transportation section, mixing section, compression section, and each section of temperature sets interval and be 90 ~ 120 DEG C, and 120
~ 130 DEG C, 130 ~ 140 DEG C, 120 ~ 130 DEG C, die temperature sets interval and is 100 ~ 120 DEG C；Screw speed set interval for 100 ~
350 r/min.
Above-mentioned potassium fertilizer particle prilling process, described screw compression section includes 2 groups or more than 2 groups of compression threaded block；
Described mouth mould is circular orifices mould, aperture 3mm.
Potash fertilizer pelletize is combined by the present invention with double screw extruder, and potash fertilizer powder is uniform with thermoplastic starch and other auxiliary agents
After mixing, after sending into double screw extruder, through feed zone, transportation section, thermoplastic starch gradually fusion plastification, it is then passed through mixing
Refining section and compression section, potash fertilizer powder is sufficiently mixed with the thermoplastic starch of melting, dispersion cladding, coupling reaction, mixing compacting,
By die extrusion pelletizing, prepare regular particles, the high granular potash fertilizer of intensity.
The present invention adjuvant used for dispersant with surface conditioning agent, after uniformly mix with potash fertilizer and thermoplastic starch, dividing
In the presence of powder, potash fertilizer has certain degree of scatter.Again through double screw extruder conveying, mixing section, through surface treatment
Agent, i.e. the effect of coupling agent, potash fertilizer powder and thermoplastic starch carry out coupling reaction, and potash fertilizer powder is in the thermoplastic starch of melting
In be sufficiently mixed, be coupled, make the phenomenon reaching fully dispersed requirement, being not in potash fertilizer nutrient segregation of potash fertilizer nutrient,
Improve the comprcssive strength of potassium fertilizer particle simultaneously.
Thermoplastic starch used by the present invention has biodegradable, and it makes potash fertilizer be able to shape as the carrier of potash fertilizer
Become the high rule particle shape of intensity, it has excellent biodegradability, environmentally friendly simultaneously, apply with potash fertilizer granulating
Afterwards, in the presence of each quasi-microorganism of soil, thermoplastic starch is progressively degraded, and potash fertilizer nutrient slowly discharges, and substantially increases potassium
The utilization rate of element, and do not result in the pollution of soil, water body.
The present invention has following outstanding feature and beneficial effect：
1st, the potassium fertilizer particle that the present invention produces is due to by the use of thermoplastic starch as pelletize matrix, and has regular shape,
Intensity is high, and the feature of good fluidity, it is easy to other granular fertilizer mixtures close with granular size, meets mechanized application requirement.
2nd, comminutor used by the present invention is double-screw extruding pelletizing machine, high degree of automation, simple to operate, low cost, consumption
Can be few, efficiency high, have and promote the market using value producing.
3 the invention belongs to non-slurry pelletizing, and gained granule is not required to be dried process, only needs cooling screening, technique letter
Single, power consumption is low, can continuously be produced, and yield is high, low production cost, granulates potash fertilizer technology to China and market has pole
Its great meaning.
Table one, the product main performance index of the present invention.
| Particle size | Granule strength | Granular potash fertilizer content | Granule nutrient content | Sustained release performance |
| 3±1mm | 50~60 N | 85%~90% | 42.5%~54% | 28d adds up release<75% |
In table, potassium nutrition content>40%, sustained release performance meets HG/T4215 2011 release and release control fertilizer index.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
In figure 1 is to start；2 is potash fertilizer, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride；3 is the pulverizing process of potash fertilizer；4 is thermoplastic starch；5
It is auxiliary agent, dispersant and surface conditioning agent；6 is weighing burden process；7 is material mixed processes；8 is material mixing extrusion work
Sequence；9 is pelletizing operation；10 is granule refrigerating work procedure；11 is particle screen selecting operation；12 is granule packaging operation；13 represent granule
Screening particle diameter is unqualified, will return 8 mixing extrusion operations；14 to represent particle screen selecting particle diameter qualified, will carry out 12 packaging processes；
15 is the explanation to 8 material mixing extrusion operations：Double screw extruder, temperature sets（℃）：Feed zone：90~
120, transportation section：120 ~ 130, mixing section：130 ~ 140, compression section：120 ~ 130, mouth mould：100~120；Rotating speed（r/min）：100
~350
Specific embodiments
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should not be interpreted as the present invention
Scope be only limitted to Examples below.In the case of without departing from said method thought of the present invention, according to ordinary skill
Various replacements or change that knowledge and customary means are made, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
In following examples, raw material potash fertilizer powder size is less than 100 μm.
Embodiment 1
1）Weigh potassium chloride powder 85kg, thermoplastic starch 14kg, stearic acid 0. 4kg, tributyl phosphate 0. 6kg, will
Each material mix homogeneously.
2）It is 65mm from screw diameter, draw ratio is 20:1, compression section is provided with the twin-screw extrusion of 2 groups of compression threaded blocks
Machine.
3）Double screw extruder each area temperature is set as：90 DEG C of feed zone, 120 DEG C of transportation section, 130 DEG C of mixing section, compression
120 DEG C of section, 100 DEG C of mouth mould, screw speed is set as 150r/min.
4）By step 1）The good double screw extruder of each parameter setting sent into by the material mixing, and through charging, conveying, mixes
Refining, compression, finally through die extrusion, pelletizing.
5）Potassium fertilizer particle is cooled down, screening, obtained qualified potassium fertilizer particle：Particle diameter 3 ± 1mm, nutrient content 47, granule
Intensity 59N.
Embodiment 2
1）Weigh potassium sulfate powder 86kg, thermoplastic starch 12kg, stearic acid 1kg, three oleoyl isopropyl titanate 1kg,
By each material mix homogeneously.
2）It is 85mm from screw diameter, draw ratio is 25:1, compression section is provided with the twin-screw extrusion of 2 groups of compression threaded blocks
Machine.
3）Double screw extruder each area temperature is set as：100 DEG C of feed zone, 120 DEG C of transportation section, 130 DEG C of mixing section, compression
120 DEG C of section, 100 DEG C of mouth mould, screw speed is set as 200r/min.
4）By step 1）The good double screw extruder of each parameter setting sent into by the material mixing, and through charging, conveying, mixes
Refining, compression, finally through die extrusion, pelletizing.
5）Potassium fertilizer particle is cooled down, screening, obtained qualified potassium fertilizer particle：Particle diameter 3 ± 1mm, nutrient content 45, granule
Intensity 57N.
Embodiment 3
1）Weigh potassium chloride powder 87kg, thermoplastic starch 10kg, low molecular polyethylene 1kg, tributyl phosphate 2kg, will
Each material mix homogeneously.
2）It is 105mm from screw diameter, draw ratio is 25:1, the twin screw that compression section is provided with 2 groups of compression threaded blocks squeezes
Go out machine.
3）Double screw extruder each area temperature is set as：100 DEG C of feed zone, 120 DEG C of transportation section, 130 DEG C of mixing section, compression
120 DEG C of section, 110 DEG C of mouth mould, screw speed is set as 200r/min.
4）By step 1）The good double screw extruder of each parameter setting sent into by the material mixing, and through charging, conveying, mixes
Refining, compression, finally through die extrusion, pelletizing.
5）Potassium fertilizer particle is cooled down, screening, obtained qualified potassium fertilizer particle：Particle diameter 3 ± 1mm, nutrient content 48, granule
Intensity 55N.
Embodiment 4
1）Weigh potassium sulfate powder 88kg, thermoplastic starch 10kg, low molecular polyethylene 1kg, three oleoyl metatitanic acid isopropyl
Ester 1kg, by each material mix homogeneously.
2）It is 125mm from screw diameter, draw ratio is 25:1, the twin screw that compression section is provided with 3 groups of compression threaded blocks squeezes
Go out machine.
3）Double screw extruder each area temperature is set as：110 DEG C of feed zone, 130 DEG C of transportation section, 140 DEG C of mixing section, compression
130 DEG C of section, 110 DEG C of mouth mould, screw speed is set as 200r/min.
4）By step 1）The good double screw extruder of each parameter setting sent into by the material mixing, and through charging, conveying, mixes
Refining, compression, finally through die extrusion, pelletizing.
5）Potassium fertilizer particle is cooled down, screening, obtained qualified potassium fertilizer particle：Particle diameter 3 ± 1mm, nutrient content 46, granule
Intensity 54N.
Embodiment 5
1）Weigh potassium chloride powder 90kg, thermoplastic starch 7kg, stearic acid 1.5kg, tributyl phosphate 1.5kg, by each thing
Material mix homogeneously.
2）It is 135mm from screw diameter, draw ratio is 30:1, the twin screw that compression section is provided with 3 groups of compression threaded blocks squeezes
Go out machine.
3）Double screw extruder each area temperature is set as：120 DEG C of feed zone, 130 DEG C of transportation section, 140 DEG C of mixing section, compression
130 DEG C of section, 120 DEG C of mouth mould, screw speed is set as 250r/min.
4）By step 1）The good double screw extruder of each parameter setting sent into by the material mixing, and through charging, conveying, mixes
Refining, compression, finally through die extrusion, pelletizing.
5）Potassium fertilizer particle is cooled down, screening, obtained qualified potassium fertilizer particle：Particle diameter 3 ± 1mm, nutrient content 50, granule
Intensity 51N.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of prilling process of potassium fertilizer particle is it is characterised in that preparing raw material mass percent is：Potassium chloride or kalium slfuricum powder
End 85% ~ 90%, thermoplastic starch 7% ~ 14%, dispersant 0.4% ~ 1.8%, surface conditioning agent 0.4% ~ 1.8%, each component it
With for 100%；Described prilling process is, by double screw extruder, potash fertilizer is completed with pelletize, and granulation step is：
A. pulverize, potash fertilizer potassium chloride or potassium sulfate are crushed to less than 100 μm in ball mill；
B. dispensing, weighs pulverizing afterchlorinate potassium or potassium sulfate, thermoplastic starch respectively by matter percentage, dispersant, at surface
Reason agent；
C. mix, first potash fertilizer powder is sequentially added high-speed mixer or two-dimensional mixing machine with thermoplastic starch and dispersant, open
Dynamic mixer, mixes 10 ~ 20 minutes, is subsequently added into surface conditioning agent and mixes 10 ~ 15 minutes, makes material mix homogeneously；
D. knead, mixed uniformly material sent into double screw extruder, through charging, conveying, mixing, coupling reaction, compress,
Finally through die extrusion；
E. pelletize, the material being compacted after mixing reaction, pellet is directly cut to after die extrusion by air-flow comminutor；
F. cool down, pellet carries out preliminary quenching in the air stream of air-flow comminutor, then fluid bed is sent into grain by air stream
Material is cooled down further；
G. screen, the pellet after cooling is sent into vibrosieve and is screened, particle diameter 3 ± 1mm is qualified pellet, underproof
Pellet is re-fed into extruder pelletize after processing；
H. pack, pellet qualified for particle diameter is packed, obtain qualified potassium fertilizer particle.
2. potassium fertilizer particle according to claim 1 prilling process it is characterised in that：Described potassium chloride or kalium slfuricum powder
Last granularity is less than 100 μm；Described thermoplastic starch degree of crystallinity is≤5%, and melt flow rate (MFR) is 0.2 ~ 5g/10min, melting
Processing temperature scope is 120 ~ 160 DEG C；Described dispersant is one of low molecular polyethylene, stearic acid, surface conditioning agent
For one of three oleoyl isopropyl titanates, tributyl phosphate.
3. the prilling process of potassium fertilizer particle according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described double-screw extruder screw
Draw ratio is 20 ~ 35:1, a diameter of 60 ~ 150mm；Screw combinations include feed zone, transportation section, mixing section, compression section, each section of temperature
Degree sets interval and is 90 ~ 120 DEG C, 120 ~ 130 DEG C, 130 ~ 140 DEG C, 120 ~ 130 DEG C, and it is 100 ~ 120 that die temperature sets interval
℃；It is 100 ~ 350r/min that screw speed sets interval.
4. the prilling process of potassium fertilizer particle according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described compression section includes 2 groups or 2
Organize above compression threaded block；Described mouth mould is circular orifices mould, aperture 3mm.
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Cited By (2)
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| US12017198B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2024-06-25 | Dead Sea Works Ltd. | Potash dust granulation process |
| US12195409B2 (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2025-01-14 | Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A. | Compacted Polyhalite and a process for the production thereof |
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| CN106278607A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method containing zinc slow release rounded grain potash fertilizer |
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| CN110526761A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-03 | 贵州西洋实业有限公司 | A kind of granulated fertilizer and its dry technology for production |
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| CN112919933A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-06-08 | 康伟华 | Method for preparing organic potassium sulfate round granular fertilizer |
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| CN113893775B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2024-05-10 | 浙江润阳新材料科技股份有限公司 | Continuous granulating method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU648555A1 (en) * | 1977-03-04 | 1979-02-25 | Inst Obschei I Neoorganichesko | Method of obtaining granulated potash fertilizers |
| CN1187116C (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2005-02-02 | 南化集团研究院 | Process for preparing granular fertilizer |
| CN100361941C (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2008-01-16 | 上海化工研究院 | A kind of manufacture method of granular potassium chloride |
| CN102718601B (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-06-18 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Large circular potassium chloride granule granulating auxiliary agent and preparation method |
| CN103664356A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-26 | 滁州华冶机电科技有限公司 | Pellet potash fertilizer pelletizing technology |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12017198B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2024-06-25 | Dead Sea Works Ltd. | Potash dust granulation process |
| US12195409B2 (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2025-01-14 | Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A. | Compacted Polyhalite and a process for the production thereof |
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| CN104355778A (en) | 2015-02-18 |
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Effective date of registration: 20191104 Address after: 816099 Qarhan, Golmud City, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province Patentee after: Qinghai Salt Lake Yuantong potash Co.,Ltd. Address before: Qingyang District of Chengdu City, Sichuan province 610091 Dragon Industrial Port East Road 4 Patentee before: CHENDU NEW KELI CHEMICAL SCIENCE Co.,Ltd. CHINA |
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