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US20130329347A1 - Touch panel - Google Patents

Touch panel Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130329347A1
US20130329347A1 US13/910,492 US201313910492A US2013329347A1 US 20130329347 A1 US20130329347 A1 US 20130329347A1 US 201313910492 A US201313910492 A US 201313910492A US 2013329347 A1 US2013329347 A1 US 2013329347A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
routing
routings
touch panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/910,492
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English (en)
Inventor
Wei-Lun Kuo
Kai-Ting Ho
Guo-Kiang Hong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MStar Semiconductor Inc Taiwan
Original Assignee
MStar Semiconductor Inc Taiwan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MStar Semiconductor Inc Taiwan filed Critical MStar Semiconductor Inc Taiwan
Priority to US13/910,492 priority Critical patent/US20130329347A1/en
Assigned to MSTAR SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. reassignment MSTAR SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HO, KAI-TING, HONG, GUO-KIANG, KUO, WEI-LUN
Publication of US20130329347A1 publication Critical patent/US20130329347A1/en
Priority to US15/092,839 priority patent/US10133375B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0446—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K17/9622—Capacitive touch switches using a plurality of detectors, e.g. keyboard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/02—Arrangements of circuit components or wiring on supporting structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04104—Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2017/9602—Touch switches characterised by the type or shape of the sensing electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates in general to a touch panel, and more particularly to a touch panel with a single conductive layer and capable of sensing multi-touch control.
  • a touch panel e.g., a capacitive multi-touch touch panel
  • a capacitive multi-touch touch panel by offering a user with a convenient, friendly and intuitive operation interface, prevails in various consumer electronic devices, portable devices and handheld devices, e.g. remote controllers, mobile handsets, digital cameras, video recorders/players, portable pads and touch screens.
  • a multi-touch touch panel includes multiple driving electrodes and multiple sensing electrodes distributed at a touch control region.
  • the driving electrodes are respectively connected to different drivers, and the sensing electrodes are respectively connected to different sensors.
  • the drivers rapidly and periodically drive the driving electrodes connected thereto in turn.
  • mutual capacitance between the driving electrode and the sensing electrode changes. According to the position of the driven driving electrode and the position of the sensing electrode where the capacitance change occurs, the position of the user touch can be derived.
  • driving electrodes and sensing electrodes are horizontally and vertically placed in a staggered arrangement.
  • the driving electrodes and the sensing electrodes are respectively formed at two different transparent conductive layers with higher cost and a greater thickness, the prevalence and applications of the touch control operation interface are hindered.
  • an image displayed by a display panel integrated with the conventional touch panel needs to penetrate through a larger number of conductive layers, display brightness and quality are degraded.
  • driving electrodes and sensing electrodes may be disposed at a single conductive layer, with routings and pads, connecting the driving electrodes and sensing electrodes to drivers and sensors, also formed on the same conductive layer.
  • routings and driving electrodes of different drivers as well as the routings and sensing electrodes of different sensors are mutually insulated. Therefore, shapes and arrangements of the sensing electrodes and the driving electrodes as well as directions of the routings all need to be appropriately arranged.
  • a touch panel is provided by the present invention.
  • the touch panel includes a first electrode, a first routing, a second electrode, two second routings and a third electrode, all of which are formed on a single conductive layer.
  • the first routing is connected to the first electrode.
  • the second electrode includes two second sub-electrodes respectively disposed at two sides of the first routing, and is insulated from the first routing.
  • the two second routings are respectively connected to the two second sub-electrodes to mutually connect the two second sub-electrodes.
  • the third electrode is insulated from the first electrode and the second electrode. Two among of the first, second and third electrodes are respectively connected to a driver and a sensor.
  • the two second routings respectively extend along the two sides of the first routing.
  • the touch panel further includes a first pad and a second pad, both of which are formed on the conductive layer. Two ends of the first routing are respectively connected to the first pad and the first electrode, and the two second routings connect the second pad to the two second sub-electrodes along the two sides of the first routing, respectively.
  • the first electrode includes two first sub-electrodes and one other first routing is provided. The two first routings are respectively connected to the two first sub-electrodes. The two second sub-electrodes are spaced by an insulating first gap, and the first routing extends along the first gap.
  • the touch panel further includes a fourth electrode, which is also formed on the foregoing conductive layer.
  • the second electrode is located between the first electrode and the fourth electrode.
  • the fourth electrode includes two fourth sub-electrodes spaced by a second gap, and the first routing and the two second routings extend along the second gap.
  • the touch panel comprises a touch control region and a pad region.
  • the electrodes of the touch panel are formed at the touch control region, and the pads are formed at the pad region.
  • the routings, e.g., the foregoing first and second routings, of all electrodes pass through a same side of the touch control region to extend to the pad region to connect the electrodes to the pads.
  • the routings of particular electrodes and the routings of some other electrodes respectively pass through two different sides of the touch control region to extend to the pad region.
  • the touch panel further includes a fourth electrode and a fourth routing. The first electrode is located between the second electrode and the fourth electrode.
  • the first routing passes through a first side of the touch control region to extend to the pad region, and the fourth routing passes through a second side of the touch control region to extend to the pad region, with the first and second sides of the touch control region being opposite sides.
  • the fourth routing passes through the second side along an opposite direction to the first direction.
  • the first electrode and the third electrode may be a pair of tessellation electrodes, and/or one of the second sub-electrodes and the third electrode may be a pair of tessellation electrodes.
  • the tessellation electrode pair includes a first tessellation electrode and a second tessellation electrode.
  • a branch exists between two first points at a first side of the first tessellation electrode, and has a perimeter between the two first points greater than a linear distance between the two first points.
  • a dent is provided between two second points at a second side of the second tessellation electrode, and has a perimeter between the two second points greater than a linear distance between the two second points. The branch intervenes with the dent with a gap in between.
  • the touch panel may further include a fourth electrode.
  • the first electrode is located between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and the fourth electrode includes two fourth sub-electrodes respectively connected to the two second routings.
  • the pad region is formed by multiple staggered pads at the foregoing conductive layer.
  • the pads include a first pad and a second pad.
  • the first pad is connected to the first electrode via the first routing
  • the second pad is connected to the two second sub-electrodes via the two second routings. That is, the two second sub-electrodes disposed at the two sides of the first routing may respectively be connected to the same second pad via the two second routings at the two sides of the first routing.
  • the third electrode and a fourth electrode are respectively located at two different sides of the first routing
  • the third electrode and the fourth electrode may respectively be connected to the same third pad via a third routing and a fourth routing.
  • the third and fourth routings are located at the same side of the first routing, and the fourth routing and the fourth electrode are located at the other side of the first routing.
  • the touch panel includes one or multiple floating dummy electrodes formed at the conductive layer.
  • the floating dummy electrodes are located between two among the first, second and third electrodes and insulated from the same.
  • a touch panel is further provided.
  • the touch panel includes a first electrode and a second electrode, which are formed at a single conductive layer and respectively connected to a driver and a sensor.
  • the first electrode has a first border including a first jigsaw section extended between two first points at the first border.
  • the second electrode has a second border including a second jigsaw section extending between two second points at the second border.
  • the second jigsaw section protrudes at a connecting line between the two first points along the conductive layer, and the first jigsaw section also protrudes between the two second points.
  • the touch panel further includes one or multiple floating dummy electrodes.
  • the dummy electrodes are formed at the foregoing conductive layer, located between the first and second electrodes, and insulated from the same.
  • the border of the second electrode further includes a fourth jigsaw section.
  • the touch panel further includes a third electrode formed at the foregoing conductive layer.
  • the third electrode has a third border including a third jigsaw section extending between two third points at the third border.
  • the fourth jigsaw section protrudes between two third points.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrode arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 show a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 show a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 to FIG. 16 show electrodes according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 show a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 shows a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 shows a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 shows a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 shows pads and routings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 shows pads and routings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 shows a schematic diagram of dummy electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electrode arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrode arrangement includes a plurality of electrodes D[1, 1], D[1, 2], D[2, 1] and D[i, j] to D[Nr, j] as driving electrodes, and a plurality of electrodes S[1, 1], S[1, 2], S[2, 1] and S[i, j] to S[Nr ⁇ 1, j] as sensing electrodes, where Nr is an integer.
  • the electrodes D[i, j] and the electrodes S[i, j] are in a grid arrangement in an mutually insulated manner at a single conductive layer.
  • Borders of the electrode S[i, j] are spaced by an insulation gap from neighboring electrodes D[i, j ⁇ 1], D[i, j], D[i+1, j] and D[i+1, j ⁇ 1]. Similarly, borders of the electrode D[i, j] are spaced by an insulation gap from neighboring electrodes S[i ⁇ 1, j], S[i ⁇ 1, j+1], S[i, j+1] and S[i, j].
  • At least one of the four neighboring driving electrodes D[i, j] of each of the sensing electrodes S[i, j] is connected to different drivers.
  • a particular electrode S[i1, j1] is neighboring to the electrodes D[i1, j1 ⁇ 1], D[i1, j1], D[i1+1, j1] and D[i1+1, j1 ⁇ 1]
  • another electrode S[i2, j2] is neighboring to the electrodes D[i2, j2 ⁇ 1], D[i2, j2], D[i2+1, j2] and D[i2+1, j2 ⁇ 1], where i1 is not equal to i2, and/or j1 is not equal to j2.
  • One of the electrodes D[i1, j1 ⁇ 1], D[i1, j1], D[i1+1, j1] and D[i1+1, j1 ⁇ 1] and one of the electrodes D[i2, j2 ⁇ 1], D[i2, j2], D[i2+1, j2] and D[i2+1, j2 ⁇ 1] may connect to two different drivers, i.e., two drivers that are not simultaneously driven. Based on the above principle, the drivers connected to the electrodes D[i, j] and the drivers connected to the electrodes S[i, j] are allotted.
  • the electrode D[i, j] may be connected to a driver DU[i+Nr*mod(j+1, 2) (not shown, where mod(p, d) is a remainder of dividing p by d), the electrode S[i, j] may be connected to a sensor SU[Ns*mod(i+1, 2)+mod(j ⁇ 1, Ns)+1], where Ns is an integral constant.
  • the electrodes D[1, 1] to D[Nr, 1] are respectively connected to an Nr number of different drivers DU[1] to DU[Nr]
  • the electrodes D[1, 2] to D[Nr, 2] are respectively connected to another Nr number of different drivers DU[Nr+1] to D[2*Nr]
  • the electrodes D[1, 3] to D[Nr, 3] are also respectively connected to the drivers DU[1] to DU[Nr] as the electrodes D[1, 1] and D[Nr, 1]
  • the electrodes D[1, 4] to D[Nr, 4] are also respectively connected to the drivers DU[Nr+1] to D[2*Nr] as the electrodes D[1, 2] and D[Nr, 2], and so forth.
  • the electrodes S[1, 1] to S[1, Ns] are respectively connected to the sensors SU[1] to SU[Ns], the electrodes S[1, Ns+1] to S[1, 2*Ns] are also respectively connected to the sensors SU[1] to SU[Ns], and so forth.
  • the electrodes S[2, 1] to S[2, Ns] are respectively connected to the sensors SU[Ns+1] to SU[2*Ns], the electrodes S[3, 1] to S[3, Ns] are also respectively connected to the sensors SU[1] to SU[Ns], and so forth.
  • the driving-sensing arrangement of the driving electrodes/drivers and the sensing electrodes/sensors is not limited to the above exemplary driving-sensing arrangement—many other driving-sensing arrangements for achieving position analysis of a touch position are available.
  • the electrode D[i, j] may be connected to the driver DU[i+Nr*mod(j+1, 2)]
  • the electrode S[i, j] may be connected to the sensor SU[mod(i,2)*(mod(j ⁇ 1, Ns)+1)+mod(i+1, 2)*(2*Ns-mod(j ⁇ 1, Ns))].
  • the electrodes S[1, 1] to S[1, Ns] are respectively connected to the sensors SU[1] to SU[Ns], and the electrodes S[2, 1] to S[2, Ns] are respectively connected to the sensors SU[2*Ns] to SU[Ns+1]; the electrodes S[3, 1] to S[3, Ns] are also connected to the sensors SU[1] to SU[Ns], and the electrodes S[4, 1] to [4, Ns] are again connected to the sensors SU[2*Ns] to SU[Ns+1].
  • the electrode D[i, j] may be connected to the driver DU[i], and the electrode S[i, j] may be connected to the sensor SU[j]. That is, the electrodes D[i, j1] and D[i, j2] at a same row but different columns are respectively connected to the same driver DU[i], and the electrodes D[i1, j] and D[i2, j] at a same column but different rows are respectively connected to different drivers DU[i1] and DU[i2].
  • the electrodes S[i, j1] and S[i, j2] at a same row but different columns are respectively connected to different sensors SU[j1] and SU[j2], and the electrodes S[i1, j] and S[i2, j] at a same column but different rows are connected to the same sensor SU[j].
  • the electrodes S[i, j] is connected to the sensor SU[j]
  • the electrode D[i, j] is connected to the driver DU[mod(j,2)*i+mod(j ⁇ 1,2)*(Nr ⁇ i+1)].
  • FIG. 2 shows a touch panel 10 a substantially implementing the electrode layout and arrangement in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 a includes a touch control region 12 a and a pad region 14 a .
  • the touch control region 12 a includes electrodes Da[1, j] to Da[Nr, j] and electrodes Sa[1, j] to Sa[Nr ⁇ 1, j], which are all disposed at a single conductive layer and respectively serve as the electrodes D[1, j] to D[Nr, j] and the electrodes S[1, j] to S[Nr ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 1 .
  • each electrode Sa[iu, j] of the electrodes Sa[1, j] to Sa[Na ⁇ 2, j] includes two electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j], where Na is a value between 1 and Nr.
  • the electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j] may be regarded as two sub-electrodes of the electrode Sa[iu, j].
  • Each electrode Sa[id, j] of the electrodes Sa[Na+1, j] to Sa[Nr ⁇ 1, j] comprises two electrodes Sa1[id, j] and Sa2[id, j].
  • each electrode Da[iu, j] of the electrodes Da[1, j] to Da[Na ⁇ 2, j] comprises two electrodes Da1[iu, j] and Da2[iu, j]
  • each electrode Da[id, j] of the electrodes Da[Na+1, j] to Da[Nr, j] comprises two electrodes Da1[id, j] and Da2[id, j].
  • the two electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j] may be regarded as two left and right halves of the electrode Sa[iu, j], and are spaced by an insulation gap extending along the y-axis to accommodate a routing.
  • the electrodes Sa1[id, j] and Sa2[id, j] are spaced by a routable gap extending along the y-axis.
  • FIG. 3 shows directions of the routings of the electrodes among the electrodes Sa[1, j] to Sa[Nr ⁇ 1, j].
  • the electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j] and the electrodes Sa1[iu2, j] and Sa2[iu2, j] may be two arbitrary pairs of electrodes among the electrodes Sa1[1, j] and Sa2[1, j] to the electrodes Sa1[Na ⁇ 2, j] and Sa2[Na ⁇ 2, j], and iu ⁇ iu2 ⁇ (Na ⁇ 1).
  • the gap between the electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j] and the gap between the electrodes Sa1[iu2, j] and Sa2[iu2, j] may extend along the y-axis to form a channel Hu[j] with a width in a distance d with respect to the x-axis.
  • the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing La[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • the routing La[Na ⁇ 1, j] upwardly extends along the positive y-axis, and passes through an upper side of the touch region 12 a to enter the pad region 14 a ( FIG. 2 ).
  • the electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j] are respectively disposed at left and right sides of the routing La[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • the touch region 12 a further includes routings La1[iu, j], La1[iu2, j] to La1[Na ⁇ 2, j] and routings La2[iu, j], La2[iu2, j] to La2[Na ⁇ 2, j], which respectively connect the electrodes Sa1[iu, j], Sa1[iu2, j] to Sa1[Na ⁇ 2, j] to the electrodes Sa2[iu, j], Sa[iu2, j] to Sa2[Na ⁇ 2, j].
  • the electrodes Sa1[Na ⁇ 2, j] and Sa2[Na ⁇ 2, j] are respectively located at the two sides of the routing La[Na ⁇ 1, j]
  • the routings La1[Na ⁇ 2, j] and La2[Na ⁇ 2, j] also respectively upwardly extend (i.e., towards the positive y direction) at the left and right sides of the routing La[Na ⁇ 1, j] along the channel Hu[j], and pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 a to enter the pad region 14 a .
  • the routings La1[Na ⁇ 2, j] and La2[Na ⁇ 2, j] may be connected, in a way that the electrodes Sa1[Na ⁇ 2, j] and Sa2[Na ⁇ 2, j] are connected to form the same electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 2, j] ( FIG. 2 ).
  • Positions of y coordinates of the electrodes Sa1[iu2, j] and Sa2[iu2, j] are higher than those of the electrodes Sa1[Na ⁇ 1, j] and Sa2[Na ⁇ 1, j], and so the routings La1[iu2, j] and La2[iu2, j] of the electrodes Sa1[iu2, j] and Sa2[iu2, j] upwardly extend at the left and right sides of the routings La1[Na ⁇ 2, j] and La2[Na ⁇ 2, j] along the channel Hu[j], and pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 a to enter the pad region 14 a and become mutually connected.
  • positions of y coordinates the electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j] are higher than those of the electrodes Sa1[iu2, j] and Sa2[iu2, j], and so the routings La1[iu, j] and La2[iu, j] of the electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j] upwardly extend at the left and right sides of the routings La1[iu2, j] and La2[iu2, j] along the channel Hu[j], and pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 a to enter the pad region 14 a and become mutually connected.
  • the routings connected to these electrodes are located farther from a center of the channel Hu[j] as the positions of y coordinates of these electrodes get higher.
  • the routings are kept free from intersecting one another in cross-bridge connections, and can thus be formed at a single conductive layer with the electrodes.
  • the electrodes Sa1[id, j] and Sa2[id, j] and the electrodes Sa1[id2, j] and Sa2[id2, j] may be two arbitrary pairs of electrodes among the electrodes Sa1[Na+1, j] and Sa2[Na+2, j] to the electrodes Sa1[Nr ⁇ 1, j] and Sa2[Nr ⁇ 1, j], where Na ⁇ id ⁇ id2.
  • a gap extending along the y-axis is formed between the electrodes Sa1[id, j] and Sa2[id, j] and between the electrodes Sa1[id2, j] and Sa2[id2, j], and the gaps mutually connect along the y-axis to form a channel Hd[j].
  • the electrode Sa[Na, j] is connected to a routing La[Na, j].
  • the routing La[Na, j] downwardly extends, i.e. towards the negative y-axis, along the channel Hd[j] to pass through a lower side ( FIG. 2 ) of the touch control region 12 a , and upwardly extends along the left or right side of the touch control region 12 outside the touch control region 12 a to enter the pad region 14 a , as shown in FIG. 2
  • the touch control region 12 a further includes routings La1[Na+1, j] to La1[id, j] and La1[id2, j], and routings La2[Na+1, j] to La2[id, j] and La2[id2, j], which are respectively connected to the electrodes Sa1[Na+1, j] to Sa1[id, j]and Sa1[id2, j], and the electrodes Sa2[Na+1, j] to Sa2[id, j] and Sa2[id2, j].
  • the routings La1[Na+1, j] and La2[Na+1, j] respectively downwardly extend at the two sides of the routing La[Na, j] along the channel Hd[j] to pass through the lower side of the touch control region 12 a , and wind along a border of the touch control region 12 a , e.g., the left or right side of the touch control region 12 a , to reach the pad region 14 a .
  • the routings La1[Na+1, j] and La2[Na+1, j] are mutually connected to form the electrode Sa[Na+1, j] ( FIG. 2 ).
  • the routings La1[id2, j] and La2[id2, j] of the electrodes Sa1[id2, j] and Sa2[id2, j] extend at the left and right sides of the routings La1[id, j] and La2[id, j] in the channel Hd[j] to downwardly extend, pass through the lower side of the touch control region 12 a to wind into the pad region 14 a , and become mutually connected.
  • the routings connected to these electrodes are located farther from a center of the channel Hd[j] as the positions of y coordinates of these electrodes get lower. As such, different routings do not intervene with one another.
  • the routings La1[iu, j] and La2[iu, j], La1[iu2, j] and La2[iu2, j] to La1[Na ⁇ 2, j], La2[Na ⁇ 2, j], La[Na ⁇ 1, j], La[Na, j], La[Na+1, j] and La2[Na+1, j] to La1[id, j] and La2[id, j], and La[id2, j] and La2[id2, j] may respectively connect to the same or different pads P, so as to connect the corresponding electrodes to the same or different sensors, as in the previously discussed driving-sensing arrangement in FIG. 1 .
  • an insulation gap 16 may be formed in the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • the gap 16 extends by a distance d 0 associated with the distance d to render the shape, area and electromagnetic characteristics of the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 1, j] to approximate those of the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 2, j].
  • the design of the electrode Sa[Na, j] may also be similar to that of the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • the routing layout of the electrodes Da[1, j] to Da[Nr, j] may follow that of the electrodes Sa[1, j] to Sa[Nr ⁇ 1].
  • each of the electrodes at the upper half of the touch control region 12 a may be divided into two sub-electrodes, such that the corresponding routings are allowed to pass through and exit from the upper side of the touch control region 12 a along the channel between the two sub-electrodes to extend to the pad region 14 a .
  • Each of the electrodes at the lower half of the touch control region 12 a may also be divided into two sub-electrodes, such that the corresponding routings are allowed to pass through and exit from the lower side of the touch control region 12 a along the channel between the two sub-electrodes to wind along the periphery of touch control region 12 a to reach the pad region 14 a.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show a touch panel 10 b according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 b includes a touch control region 12 b and a pad region 14 b .
  • the touch control region 12 b includes electrodes Db[1, j] to Db[Nr, j] and electrodes Sb[1, j] to Sb[Nr ⁇ 1, j], which are all formed on a single conductive layer and respectively serve as the electrodes D[1, j] to D[Nr, j] and the electrodes S[1, j] to S[Nr ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 1 .
  • the electrode S[i, j] may be connected to the sensor SU[Ns*mod(i+1,2)+mod(j ⁇ 1, Ns)+1]. That is, when the index i is an odd number (2*k ⁇ 1), the electrode S[(2*k ⁇ 1), j] is connected to the sensor SU[mod(j ⁇ 1, Ns)+1]; when the index i is an even number (2*k), the electrode S[2*k, j] is connected to the sensor SU[mod(j ⁇ 1, Ns)+1+Ns].
  • the touch panel 10 b is capable of implementing such embodiment.
  • two arbitrary even-row electrodes Sb[2*k, j] and Sb[2*k2, j] among the electrodes Sb[1, j] to Sb[Nr-j] are connected in series by a routing Lb[j].
  • the odd-row electrode Sb[2*k2 ⁇ 1, j] is formed by two sub-electrodes Sb1[2*k ⁇ 1, j] and Sb2[2*k ⁇ 1, j].
  • the electrodes Sb1[2*k ⁇ 1, j] and Sb2[2*k ⁇ 1, j] are spaced by a gap extending along the y-axis, and the routing Lb[j] passes through the gap. That is to say, the electrodes Sb1[2*k ⁇ 1, j] and Sb2[2*k ⁇ 1, j] are respectively located at two sides of the routing Lb[j].
  • two arbitrary odd-row electrodes Sb1[2*k ⁇ 1, j] and Sb1[2*k2 ⁇ 1, j] are connected in series by a routing Lb1[j]
  • two arbitrary odd-row electrodes Sb2[2*k ⁇ 1, j] and Sb2[2*k2 ⁇ 1, j] are connected in series by a routing Lb2[j].
  • the routings Lb1[j] and Lb2[j] are located at two different sides of the electrode Sb[2*k, j], and upwardly extend along the electrode Sb[2*k, j] to reach the electrodes Sb1[2*k ⁇ 1] and Sb2[2*k ⁇ 1, j]. Between the electrodes Sb[2*k ⁇ 1] and Sb[2*k], the routings Lb1[j] and Lb2[j] respectively extend along two different sides of the routing Lb[j].
  • the routings Lb[j], Lb1[j] and Lb2[j] pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 b to extend to the pad region 14 b .
  • the even-row electrodes Lb[2*k, j] are allowed to connect to the same pad via the routing Lb[j] to further connect to the same sensor.
  • the routings Lb1[j] and Lb2[j] may be jointly connected to another pad, so that the electrode Sb[2*k ⁇ 1, j] formed by the connected odd-row electrodes Sb1[2*k ⁇ 1, j] and Sb2[2*k ⁇ 1, j] may be connected to another sensor.
  • an loop-like insulation gap may be defined in the even-row electrode Sb[2*k, j], as shown in the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 3 .
  • an arbitrary electrode Db[i, j] among the electrodes Db[1, j] to Db[Nr ⁇ 1, j] is formed by two electrodes Db1[i, j] and Db2[i, j].
  • the electrodes Db1[i, j] and Db2[i, j] are spaced by a gap extending along the y-axis, and the gap between the electrodes Db1[i, j] and Db2[i, j] to the gap between the electrodes Db1[Nr ⁇ 1, j] and Db2[Nr ⁇ 1, j] become connected to form a channel Hb[j] ( FIG.
  • the touch panel 10 b includes a routing Wb[Nr, j] connected to the electrode Db[Nr, j].
  • the routing Wb[Nr, j] upwardly extends along the channel Hb[j], and passes through the upper side of the touch control region 12 b to extend to the pad region 14 b .
  • the touch panel 10 b also provides routings Wb1[i, j] and Wb2[i, j].
  • the routing Wb1[i, j] is connected to the electrode Db1[i, j], and the routing Wb2[i, j] is connected to the electrode Db2[i, j].
  • the routings Wb1[i, j] and Wb2[i, j] upwardly extend at the two sides of the routing Wb[Nr, j] along the channel Hb[j], pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 b to extend to the pad region 14 b , and become mutually connected in the pad region 14 b to connect the electrodes Db1[i, j] and Db2[i, j] into one same electrode Db[i, j]. As shown in FIG.
  • the routings connected to these electrodes are located farther from a center of the channel Hb[j] as the positions of y coordinates of these electrodes get higher.
  • the routings are free from mutual intervention, and the routings and electrodes are allowed to be fabricated on a single conductive layer.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a touch panel 10 c implementing the electrode layout and arrangement in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 c includes a touch control region 12 c and a pad region 14 c .
  • the touch control region 12 c includes electrodes Dc[1, j] to Dc[Nr, j] and electrodes Sc[1, j] to Sc[Nr ⁇ 1, j], which are all disposed at a single conductive layer and respectively serve as the electrodes D[1, j] to D[Nr, j] and the electrodes S[1, j] to S[Nr ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 1 .
  • an arbitrary electrode Dc[i, j] among the electrodes Dc[1, j] to Dc[Nr ⁇ 1, j] is formed by two electrodes Dc1[i, j] and Dc2[i, j] spaced by a gap extending along the y-axis.
  • the gap between the electrodes Dc1[i, j] and Dc2[i, j] is connected with a gap between the electrodes Dc1[Nr ⁇ 1, j] and Dc2[Nr ⁇ 1, j], and so the routings of the electrodes Dc[1, j] to Dc[Nr ⁇ 1, j] may be arranged with reference to FIG. 6 .
  • an arbitrary electrode Sc[i, j] among the electrodes Sc[1, j] to Sc[Nr ⁇ 2, j] is formed by two electrodes Sc1[i, j] and Sc2[i, j] spaced by a gap extending along the y-axis.
  • the gap between the electrodes Sc1[i, j] and Sc2[i, j] is connected with a gap between the electrodes Sc1[Nr ⁇ 2, j] and Sc2[Nr ⁇ 2, j] to form a channel Hc[j] as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the electrode Sc[Nr ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Lc[Nr ⁇ 1, j].
  • the routing Lc[Nr ⁇ 1, j] upwardly extends along the channel Hc[j], and passes through the upper side of the touch control region 12 b to reach the pad region 14 c .
  • the electrodes Sc1[i, j] and Sc2[i, j] are respectively connected to the routings Lc1[i, j] and Lc2[i, j].
  • the routings Lc1[i, j] and Lc2[i, j] upwardly extend at two sides of the routing Lc[Nr ⁇ 1, j], pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 c to extend to the pad region 14 c , and mutually connect in the pad region 14 c to connect the electrodes Sc1[i, j] and Sc2[i, j] into one same electrode Sc[i, j]. As shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 show a touch panel 10 d according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 d similar to the touch panel 10 a in FIG. 2 , includes a touch control region 12 d and a pad region 14 d .
  • the touch control region 12 d includes electrodes Dd[1, j] to Dd[Nr, j] and electrodes Sd[1, j] to Sd[Nr ⁇ 1, j], which are disposed at a single conductive layer and respectively serve as the electrodes Da[1, j] to Da[Nr, j] and the electrodes Sa[1, j] to Sa[Nr ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 1 .
  • each electrode Sd[iu, j] of the electrodes Sd[1, j] to Sd[Na ⁇ 2, j] is formed by two electrodes Sd1[iu, j] and Sd[iu, j]
  • each electrode Sd[id, j] of the electrodes Sd[Na+1, j] to Sd[Nr ⁇ 1, j] is also formed by two electrodes Sd1[id, j] and Sd2[id, j].
  • Each electrode Dd[iu, j] of the electrodes Da[1, j] to Dd[Na ⁇ 2, j] includes two electrodes Dd1[iu, j] and Dd2[iu, j], and each electrode Dd[id, j] of the electrodes Dd[Na+1, j] to Dd[Nr, j] is formed by two electrodes Dd1[id, j] and Dd2[id, j].
  • the electrode Sd[Na ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Ld[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • the two electrodes Sd1[iu, j] and Sd2[iu, j], regarded as two left and right sub-electrodes of the electrode Sd[iu, j], are spaced by an insulation gap extending along the y-axis, and are respectively connected to two routings Ld1[iu, j] and Ld2[iu, j].
  • the insulation gaps of the electrodes Sd[1, j] to Sd[Na ⁇ 2, j] are connected to form a channel that upwardly extends, i.e. towards the positive y direction.
  • the routing Ld[Na ⁇ 1, j] upwardly extends along the channel and enters the pad region 14 d via the upper side of the touch control region 12 d .
  • the routings Ld1[iu, j] and Ld2[iu, j] upwardly extend in parallel at the two sides of the routing Ld[Na ⁇ 1, j], pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 d to enter the pad region 14 d , and become mutually connected to connect the electrode Sd1[iu, j] and Sd2[iu, j] as the electrode Sd[iu, j].
  • the routing Ld1[iu2, j] of the electrode Sd1[iu2, j] upwardly extends between the routings Ld1[iu, j] and Ld[Na ⁇ 1, j]
  • the routing Ld2[iu2, j] of the electrode Sd2[iu2, j] upwardly extends between the routings Ld[Na ⁇ 1, j] and Ld2[iu, j].
  • the routings are kept free from intersecting one another in cross-bridge connections, and can thus be disposed at a single conductive layer with the electrodes.
  • the electrode Sd[Na, j] is connected to a routing Ld[Na, j].
  • the two electrodes Sd1[id, j] and Sd2[id, j], regarded as two left and right sub-electrodes of the electrode Sd[id, j], are spaced by an insulation gap extending along the y-axis, and are respectively connected to two routings Ld1[id, j] and Ld2[id, j].
  • the insulation gaps of the electrodes Sd[Na+1, j] to Sd[Nr ⁇ 1, j] are connected to form a downwardly extending channel (towards the negative y direction).
  • the routing Ld[Na, j] downwardly extends along the channel to exit the lower side of the touch control region 12 d , and winds to the pad region 14 d along the periphery of the touch control region 12 d ( FIG. 9 ).
  • the routings Ld1[id, j[and Ld2[id, j] downwardly extend in parallel at opposite sides of the routing Ld[Na, j], exit the lower side of the touch control region 12 d , and wind upwards along the periphery of the touch control region 12 to reach the pad region 14 d to become mutually connected, so as to connect the electrodes Sd1[id, j] and Sd2[id, j] to form the electrode Sd[id, j].
  • the routings La[Na, j], Ld1[Na+1, j] to Ld1[Nr ⁇ 1, j] and Ld2[Na+1, j] to Ld2[Nr ⁇ 1, j] are kept free from intersecting one another in cross-bridge connections, and can thus be disposed at a single conductive layer with the electrodes.
  • the electrode Dd[Na ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Wd[Na ⁇ 1, j] ( FIG. 10 ).
  • the two electrodes Dd1[iu, j] and Dd2[iu, j] are spaced by an insulation gap extending along the y-axis, and are respectively connected to two routings Wd1[iu, j] and Wd2[iu, j].
  • the routing Wd[Na ⁇ 1, j] upwardly extends to pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 d and enters the pad region 14 d .
  • the routings Wd1[iu, j] and Wd2[iu, j] upwardly extend in parallel at two opposite sides of the routing Wd[Na ⁇ 1, j], pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 d to enter the pad region 14 d , and connect the electrodes Dd1[iu, j] and Dd2[iu, j] as the electrode Dd[iu, j].
  • the electrode Dd[Na, j] is connected to a routing Wd[Na, j].
  • the two electrodes Dd1[id, j] and Dd2[id, j] are spaced by an insulation gap extending along the y-axis, and are respectively connected to two routings Wd1[id, j] and Wd2[id, j].
  • the insulation gaps of the electrodes Dd[Na+1, j]to Dd[Nr, j] are connected to form a downwardly extending channel (towards the negative y direction).
  • the routing Ld[Na, j] downwardly extends along the channel to exit the lower side of the touch control region 12 d , and winds back to the pad region 14 d along the periphery of the touch control region 12 d .
  • the routings Wd1[id, j] and Wd2[id, j] downwardly extend in parallel at two opposite sides of the routing Wd[Na, j], exit the touch control region 12 d via the lower side of the touch control region 12 d , wind back to the pad region 14 d along the periphery of the touch control region 14 d and become mutually connected, so as to connect the electrodes Dd1[id, j] and Dd2[id, j] to form the electrode Dd[id, j].
  • FIG. 11 shows an electrode shape exemplified by the neighboring electrodes Sd[i, j], Dd[i, j] and Dd[i+1, j] according to an embodiment.
  • the electrode Sd2[i, j] and the electrode Dd1[i, j] are two tessellation electrodes, and the electrode Sd2[i, j] and the electrode Dd1[i+1, j] are also two tessellation electrodes.
  • borders of two tessellation electrodes possess jigsaw sections to allow the two tessellation electrodes to mutually intervene with the presence of an insulation gap in between.
  • the border of the electrode Sd2[i, j] includes a jigsaw section sct 3 , which extends from one point pnt 3 a to another point pnt 3 b at the border.
  • the border of the electrode Dd1[i+1, j] includes a corresponding jigsaw section sct 4 extending between two points pnt 4 a and ptn 4 b at the border, and intervenes with the jigsaw section sct 3 with a gap in between.
  • the length of the jigsaw section sct 3 is greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 3 a and pnt 3 b , and the jigsaw section sct 4 greatly extends and crosses a connection line between the points pnt 3 a and pnt 3 b .
  • the length of the jigsaw section sct 4 is greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 4 a and pnt 4 b , and the jigsaw section sct 3 also crosses between the points pnt 4 a and pnt 4 b .
  • the electrodes Sd2[i, j] and Dd1[i, j] are also mutually intervened by jigsaw sections with an insulation gap in between.
  • a border of the electrode Sd2[i, j] may include multiple branches, e.g., a branch brn 1 , with a dent between the branches, e.g., a dent blnk 1 .
  • the branch brn 1 protrudes between two points pnt 1 a and pnt 1 b , in a way that a perimeter of the branch brn 1 between the points pnt 1 a and pnt 1 b (i.e., the section sct 1 ) is greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 1 a and pnt 1 b .
  • the dent blnk 1 is formed between two points pnt 2 a and pnt 2 b , in a way that the perimeter of the dent blnk 1 between the points pnt 2 a and pnt 2 b (i.e., the section sct 2 ) is greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 2 a and pnt 2 b .
  • the branch brn 1 of the electrode Sd2 extends into the dent of the electrode Dd1[i, j]
  • the dent blnk 1 of the electrode Sd2[i, j] accommodates the protruding branch of the electrode Dd1[i, j].
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show a touch panel 10 e according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 e implements the routing layout in the touch panel 10 c in FIG. 7 utilizing the electrodes in FIG. 11 .
  • the touch panel 10 e includes a touch control region 12 e and a pad region 14 e .
  • the touch control region 12 e includes electrodes De[1, j] to De[Nr, j] and electrodes Se[1, j] to Se[Nr ⁇ 1, j], which are all disposed at a single conductive layer, similar to the electrodes Dc[1, j] to Dc[Nr, j] and the electrodes Sc[1, j] and Sc[Nr ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 7 .
  • each electrode Se[i, j] of the electrodes Se[1, j] to Se[Nr ⁇ 2, j] includes two electrodes Se1[i, j] and Se2[i, j], and each electrode De[i, j] of the electrodes De[1, j] to De[Nr ⁇ 1, j] comprises two electrodes De1[i, j] and De2[i, j].
  • the electrode Se[Nr ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Le[Nr ⁇ 1, j].
  • Two electrodes Se1[i, j] and Se2[i, j], regarded as two left and right sub-electrodes of the electrode Se[i, j] are spaced by an insulation gap extending along the y-axis, and are respectively connected to two routings Le1[i, j] and Le2[i, j].
  • the insulation gaps of the electrodes Se[1, j] to Se[Nr ⁇ 2, j] are connected to form an upwardly extending insulation channel.
  • the routing Le[Nr ⁇ 1, j] upwardly extends along the channel and enters the pad region 14 e via the upper side of the touch control region 12 e .
  • the routings Le1[i, j] and Le2[i, j] upwardly extend in parallel at two left and right sides of the routing Le[Nr ⁇ 1, j], enter the pad region 14 e via the upper side of the touch control region 12 e as the routing Le[Nr ⁇ 1, j] and become mutually connected, so as to connect the electrodes Se1[i, j] and Se2[i, j] to form the electrode Se[i, j].
  • a routing Le1[i2, j] of the electrode Se1[i2, j] upwardly extends between the routings Le1[i, j] and Le[Nr ⁇ 1, j]
  • a routing Le2[i2, j] of the electrode Se2[i2, j] upwardly extends between the routings Le1[Nr ⁇ 1, j] and Le2[i, j].
  • the routings are kept free from intersecting one another in cross-bridge connections, and can thus be disposed at a single conductive layer with the electrodes.
  • the electrode De[Nr, j] is connected to a routing We[Nr, j].
  • Two electrodes De1[i, j] and De2[i, j], regarded as two left and right sub-electrodes of the electrode De[i, j] are spaced by an insulation gap extending along the y-axis, and are respectively connected to two routings We1[i, j] and We2[i, j].
  • the insulation gaps of the electrodes De[1, j] to De[Nr ⁇ 1, j] are connected to form an upwardly extending channel.
  • the routing We[Nr, j] upwardly extends along the channel, and enters the pad region 14 e via the upper side of the touch control region 12 e .
  • the routings We1[i, j] and We2[i, j] upwardly extend in parallel at two left and right sides of the routing We[Nr, j], pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 e as the routing We[Nr, j] to enter the pad region 14 e , and become mutually connected to connect the electrodes De1[i, j] and De2[i, j] to one same electrode De[i, j].
  • the electrodes Sd[Na ⁇ 1, j], Sd[Na, j], Dd[Na ⁇ 1, j] and Dd[Na, j] in FIGS. 9 to 11 , and/or the electrodes Se[Nr ⁇ 1, j] and De[Nr, j] in FIGS. 11 and 12 may also be defined with the loop-like insulation gap 16 as shown in FIG. 3 therein, and the width of the insulation gap 16 with respect to the x-axis may be similar to that of the insulation gap between the two sub-electrodes.
  • FIG. 14 shows electrodes Sf[i, j] and Df[i, j] according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrodes Sf[i, j] and Df[i, j] may replace the electrodes Sd[i, j] and Dd[i, j] of the touch panel 10 d ( FIGS. 9 to 11 ), or the electrodes Se[i, j] and De[i, j] of the touch panel 10 e ( FIGS. 12 and 13 ).
  • the electrode Sf[i, j] includes two electrodes Sf1[i, j] and Sf2[i, j], and are spaced by an insulation gap along the x-axis that form a y-axis channel for routings.
  • the electrode Df[i, j] includes two electrodes Df1[i, j] and Df2[i, j], and are spaced by an insulation gap that forms a y-axis channel for routings.
  • a jigsaw section is formed between points pnt 5 a and pnt 5 b of the electrode Sf2[i, j], and has a length greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 5 a and pnt 5 b .
  • the electrode Df1[i, j] has a jigsaw section formed between points pnt 6 a and pnt 6 b , and the jigsaw section has a length greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 6 a and pnt 6 b .
  • the jigsaw section between the points pnt 6 a and pnt 6 b intervenes with the jigsaw section between the points pnt 5 a and pnt 5 b with a gap in between.
  • the jigsaw section between the points pnt 5 a and pnt 5 b crosses between the points pnt 6 a and pnt 6 b
  • the jigsaw section between the points pnt 6 a and pnt 6 b crosses between the points pnt 5 a and pnt 5 b.
  • FIG. 15 shows electrodes Sg[i, j] and Dg[i, j] according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrodes Sg[i, j] and Dg[i, j] may replace the electrodes Sd[i, j] and Dd[i, j] of the touch panel 10 d ( FIGS. 9 to 11 ), or the electrodes Se[i, j] and De[i, j] of the touch panel 10 e ( FIGS. 12 and 13 ).
  • the electrode Sg[i, j] includes two electrodes Sg1[i, j] and Sg2[i, j] spaced by an insulation gap for forming a y-axis channel.
  • a jigsaw section is formed between points pnt 7 a and pnt 7 b of the electrode Sg2[i, j], and has a length greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 7 a and pnt 7 b .
  • a jigsaw section is formed between points pnt 8 a and pnt 8 b of the electrode Dg1[i, j], and has a length greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 8 a and pnt 8 b .
  • the jigsaw section between the points pnt 7 a and pnt 7 b crosses between the points pnt 8 a and pnt 8 b
  • the jigsaw section between the points pnt 8 a and pnt 8 b crosses between the points pnt 7 a and pnt 7 b.
  • FIG. 16 shows electrodes Sh[i, j] and Dh[i, j] according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrodes Sh[i, j] and Dh[i, j] may replace the electrodes Sd[i, j] and Dd[i, j] of the touch panel 10 d ( FIGS. 9 to 11 ), or the electrodes Se[i, j] and De[i, j] of the touch panel 10 e ( FIGS. 12 and 13 ).
  • the electrode Sh[i, j] includes two electrodes Sh1[i, j] and Sh2[i, j] spaced by an insulation gap to form a path along y-axis for routings.
  • the electrode Dh[i, j] includes two electrodes Dh1[i, j] and Dh2[i, j]] spaced by an insulation gap to form a path along y-axis for routings.
  • a jigsaw section is formed between points pnt 9 a and pnt 9 b of the electrode Sh2[i, j], and has a length substantially greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 9 a and pnt 9 b .
  • a jigsaw section is formed between points pnt 10 a and pnt 10 b of the electrode Dh1[i, j], and has a length substantially greater than a linear distance between the points pnt 10 a and pnt 10 b.
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 show a touch panel 10 i according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 i is capable of implementing the electrode arrangement and routings in FIG. 1 .
  • the touch panel 10 i includes a touch control region 12 i and a pad region 14 i .
  • the touch control region 12 i includes electrodes Di[1, j] to Di[Nr, j] and electrodes Si[1, j] to Si[Nr ⁇ 1, j], which are all disposed at a single conductive layer and respectively serve as the electrodes D[1, j] to D[Nr, j] and the electrodes S[1, j] and S[Nr ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 1 .
  • a border of the electrode Si[i, j] (where i may be iu or id) has two jigsaw sections that intervene with a part of borders of two neighboring electrodes Di[i, j] and Di[i+1, j] with an insulation gap in between.
  • the electrode Si[i, j] is spaced from two neighboring electrodes Di[i, j ⁇ 1] and Di[i+1, j ⁇ 1] by an insulation gap along the x-axis to form a routable y-axis channel.
  • a border of the electrode Di[i, j] also has two jigsaw sections that intervene with a part of borders of the electrodes Si[i ⁇ 1, j] and Si[i, j] with an insulation gap in between.
  • the electrode Di[i, j] is spaced from two neighboring electrodes Si[i ⁇ 1, j+1] and Si[i, j+1] by an insulation gap along the x-axis to form a routable y-axis channel.
  • the electrode Si[1, j] and the electrode Si[Na ⁇ 1, j] are respectively connected to routings Li[1, j] and Li[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • An arbitrary electrode Si[iu, j] of the electrodes Si[1, j] to Si[Na ⁇ 1, j] is connected to the routing Li[iu, j] located between the routings Li[1, j] and Li[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • the routings Li[1, j], Li[iu, j] to Li[Na ⁇ 1, j] upwardly extend to pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 i and enter the pad region 14 i .
  • a routing Li[iu2, j] connected to an electrode Si[iu2, j] is located between the routings L[iu, j] and L[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • the routings Li[1, j] to Li[Na ⁇ 1, j] do not cross one another such that the electrodes may be formed at a single conductive layer.
  • the electrode Si[Na, j] and the electrode Si[Nr ⁇ 1, j] are respectively connected to routings Li[Na, j] and Li[Nr ⁇ 1, j].
  • An arbitrary electrode Si[id, j] among of the electrodes Si[Na, j] to Si[Nr ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Li[id, j] located between the routings Li[Na, j] and Li[Nr ⁇ 1, j].
  • the routings Li[Na, j], Li[id, j] to Li[Nr ⁇ 1, j] downwardly extend to pass through the lower side of the touch control region 12 i , and wind along the periphery of the touch control region 12 i to enter the pad region 14 i .
  • the routing Li[id2, j] connected to the electrode Si[id2, j] is located between the routings Li[id, j] and Li[Nr ⁇ 1, j] to prevent the routings from crossing one another.
  • the electrode Di[1, j] and the electrode Di[Na ⁇ 1, j] are respectively connected to routings Wi[1, j] and Wi[Na ⁇ 1, j].
  • An arbitrary electrode Di[iu, j] of the electrodes Di[1, j] to Di[Na ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Wi[iu, j].
  • the routing Wi[iu, j] is located between the routings Wi[1, j] and Wi[Na ⁇ 1, j], and upwardly extends with the routings Wi[1, j] and Wi[Na ⁇ 1, j] to pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 i and enter the pad region 14 i .
  • the electrode Di[Na, j] and the electrode Di[Nr, j] are respectively connected to routings Wi[Na, j] and Wi[Nr, j].
  • An arbitrary electrode Di[id, j] of the electrodes Di[Na, j] to Di[Nr, j] is connected to a routing Wi[id, j].
  • the routing Wi[id, j] is located between the routings Wi[Na, j] and Wi[Nr, j], and downwardly extends with the routings Wi[Na, j] and Wi[Nr, j] to pass through the lower side of the touch control region 12 i , and winds along the periphery of the touch control region 12 i to enter the pad region 14 i.
  • the shape of the electrode Si[i, j] may be the design of the electrode Sd2[i, j] ( FIG. 11 ), Sf2[i, j] ( FIG. 14 ), Sg2[i, j] ( FIG. 15 ) or Sh2[i, j] ( FIG. 16 ).
  • the shape of the electrode Di[i, j] may be the design of the electrode Dd1[i, j] ( FIG. 11 ), Df2[i, j] ( FIG. 14 ), Dg2[i, j] ( FIG. 15 ) or Dh2[i, j] ( FIG. 16 ).
  • the routings of the electrodes are extended via the upper and lower sides of the touch control region 12 i .
  • the routings of the electrodes may all be extended into the pad region 14 i via the upper side of the touch control region 12 i.
  • FIG. 19 shows a touch panel 10 j according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 j includes a touch control region 12 j and a pad region 14 j .
  • the touch control region 12 j includes electrodes Dj[i, j] to Dj[Nr, j] and electrodes Sj[1, j] to Sj[Nr ⁇ 1, j], which are all formed at a single conductive layer and respectively serve as the electrodes D[1, j] to D[Nr, j] and the electrodes S[1, j] to S[Nr, j] in FIG. 1 .
  • the electrodes Dj[1, j ⁇ 1] and Dj[Nr, j ⁇ 1] are respectively connected to routings Wj[1, j ⁇ 1] and Wj[Nr, j ⁇ 1].
  • An arbitrary electrode Dj[i, j ⁇ 1] of the electrodes Dj[1, j ⁇ 1] and Dj[Nr, j ⁇ 1] is connected to a routing Wj[i, j ⁇ 1].
  • the electrodes Sj[1, j] and Sj[Nr ⁇ 1, j] are respectively connected to routings Lj[1, j] and Lj[Nr ⁇ 1, j].
  • An arbitrary electrode of the electrodes Sj[1, j] to Sj[Nr ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Lj[i, j].
  • a y-axis channel is formed in the touch control region 12 j between the electrodes Dj[1, j ⁇ 1] to Dj[Nr, j ⁇ 1] and the electrodes Sj[1, j] to Sj[Nr ⁇ 1, j], a y-axis channel is formed.
  • the routing Wj[i, j ⁇ 1] is located between the routings Wj[1, j ⁇ 1] and Wj[Nr, j ⁇ 1], and extends upwardly with the routings Wj[1, j ⁇ 1] and Wj[Nr, j ⁇ 1] to reach the pad region 14 j .
  • the routing Lj[i, j] is located between the routings Lj[1, j] and Lj[Nr ⁇ 1, j], and upwardly extends with the routings Lj[1, j] and Lj[Nr ⁇ 1, j] to reach the pad region 14 j .
  • the routing Wj[1, j ⁇ 1] to Wj[Nr, j ⁇ 1] and the routings Lj[Nr ⁇ 1, j] to Lj[1, j] are kept free from crossing one another, and can thus be formed at a single layer with the electrodes.
  • FIG. 20 shows a touch panel 10 k according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 k includes a touch control region 12 k and a pad region 14 k .
  • the touch control region 12 k includes an electrode Sk[j] and electrodes Dk[1, j] to Dk[Nr, j], which are disposed at a single conductive layer.
  • the electrodes Dk[1, j] to Dk[Nr, j] may respectively implement the electrodes D[1, j] to D[Nr, j] ( FIG. 1 ), and the electrode Sk[j] is equivalent to coupling the electrodes S[1, j] to S[Nr ⁇ 1, j] together ( FIG. 1 ).
  • a border of the electrode Sk[j] has multiple jigsaw sections, which respectively intervene with the electrodes Dk[1, j] to Dk[Nr, j] with an insulation gap in between.
  • a jigsaw section is formed between points pnt 11 a and pnt 11 b of the electrode Sk[j].
  • a jigsaw section is formed between points pnt 12 a and pnt 12 b of the electrode Dk[1, j].
  • the electrodes Dk[1, j] to Dk[Nr, k] and the electrode Sk[j+1] are also spaced by an insulation gap for forming a routable channel Hk[j] extending along the y-axis.
  • the electrode Sk[j] is connected to a routing Lk[j]
  • the electrodes Dk[1, j], Dk[Na ⁇ 1, j], Dk[Na, j] and Kd[Nr, j] are respectively connected to routings Wk[1, j], Wk[Na ⁇ 1, j], Wk[Na, j] and Wk[Nr, j].
  • An arbitrary electrode Dk[iu, j] of the electrodes Dk[1, j] to Dk[Na ⁇ 1, j] is connected to a routing Wk[iu, j].
  • the routing Wk[iu, j] is located between the routings Wk[1, j] and Wk[Na ⁇ 1, j], and upwardly extends with the routings Wk[1, j] and Wk[Na ⁇ 1, j] (and the routing Lk[j]) to pass through the upper border of the touch control region 12 k to enter the pad region 14 k .
  • An arbitrary electrode Dk[id, j] of the electrodes Dk[Na, j] to Kd[Nr, j] is connected to a routing Wk[id, j].
  • the routing Wk[id, j] is located between the routings Wk[Na, j] and Wk[Nr, j], downwardly extends with the routings Wk[Na, j] and Wk[Nr, j] to pass through the lower border of the touch control region 12 k , and winds along the periphery of the touch control region 12 k to enter the pad region 14 k .
  • the routing Lk[j] and the routings Wk[1, j] to Wk[Nr, j] all upwardly extend to pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 k to enter the pad region 14 k.
  • FIG. 21 shows a touch panel 10 L according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the touch panel 10 L includes a touch control region 12 L and a pad region 14 L.
  • the touch control region 12 L includes electrodes SL[j] and electrodes DL[1, j] to DL[Nr, j], which are disposed at a single conductive layer.
  • the electrodes DL[1, j] to DL[Nr, j] may respectively implement the electrodes D[1, j] to D[Nr, j] ( FIG. 1 ), and the electrode SL[j] is equivalent to coupling the electrodes S[1, j] to S[Nr ⁇ 1] together.
  • a border of the electrode SL[j] has multiple jigsaw sections, which respectively intervene with the electrodes DL[1, j] to DL[Nr, j] with an insulation gap in between.
  • the electrodes DL[1, j] to DL[Nr, k] and the electrode SL[j+1] are also spaced by an insulation gap for forming a routable channel HL[j] extending along the y-axis.
  • An opening opn[1] is formed at the upper side of the electrode SL[j] to allow the a routing WL[1, j] of the electrode DL[1, j] to upwardly extend.
  • Electrode SL[j] Multiple openings are also formed at the right side of the electrode SL[j], e.g., openings opn[2] and opn[3], to allow routings WL[2, j] and WL[3, j] of the electrodes DL[2, j] and DL[3, j] to extend to the right to the channel HL[j], and so forth.
  • a particular part of the electrode SL[j] may also connect at the right side and form an opening opn[i] at the left side to allow a particular electrode(s) DL[i, j] to extend to the left to the channel HL[j ⁇ 1].
  • the routings of the electrodes DL[1, j] to DL[Nr, j] may be divided into two groups that respectively pass through the upper and lower sides of the touch control region 12 L, or all pass through the upper side of the touch control region 12 L to extend to the pad region 14 L.
  • FIG. 22 shows a schematic diagram of pads and routings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pads and routings of the embodiment are applied to a touch panel of the present invention.
  • a pad region 14 m commonly refers to the pad region 14 a ( FIG. 2 ), 14 b ( FIG. 4 ), 14 c ( FIG. 7 ), 14 d ( FIG. 9 ), 14 e ( FIG. 12 ), 14 i ( FIG. 17 ), 14 j ( FIG. 19 ), 14 k ( FIG. 20) and 14L ( FIG. 21 ), and includes multiple pads, e.g., pads P[1], P[2] to P[q] and P[q1] to P[q3].
  • pads P[1], P[2] to P[q] and P[q1] to P[q3 In the embodiment in FIG.
  • the pads are arranged in a row along the x-axis.
  • Each of the pads P[q] connects at least one routing Lm[q] to a corresponding pad on a circuit board, e.g., a flexible circuit board (not shown), such that the routing Lm[q] connects to a corresponding sensor or driver via the circuit board.
  • the routing Lm[1] commonly refers to a routing extended from an arbitrary electrode of the touch control region, e.g., the routings La1[iu, j], La2[iu, j], La1[id, j], La2[id, j], La[Na ⁇ 1, j] and La[Na, j] ( FIG.
  • the routings of the same property may be connected to the same pad, i.e., the same pad may connect to multiple routings to reduce the number of pads.
  • the routings of the same property refer to routings that need to be connected to the same sensor, the same driver or having the same voltage. For example, two routings extended from two sub-electrodes of a same electrode are routings of the same property.
  • different electrodes S[i1, j1] and S[i2, j2] may be connected to the same sensor, and therefore the routings of the electrodes S[i1, j1] and S[i2, j2] are of the same property.
  • different electrodes D[i1, j1] and D[i2, j2] may also be connected to the same driver, and so the routings of the D[i1, j1] and D[i2, j2] are of the same property.
  • the routings Lm[q1] and Lm[q4] are of the same property, and can thus be connected to the same pad P[q1].
  • the routings Lm[q2] and Lm[q3] are of the same property, and can thus be connected to the pad P[q2] via two ends of the pad P[q2].
  • the routings Lm[q2] and Lm[q3] are maintained between the routings Lm[q1] and Lm[q4], and the pad P[q2] to be connected to the routings Lm[q2] and Lm[q3] is also located between the routings Lm[q4] and Lm[q1].
  • the pads, the routings and the electrodes may be formed at a single conductive layer.
  • the routing Lm[q5] connected to the pad P[q3] may be the routing La[Na ⁇ 1, j] connected to the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 1, j] in FIG. 3 .
  • the routings Lm[q2] and Lm[q3] at the two sides of the routing Lm[q5] may be the routings La1[iu2, j] and La2[iu2, j] respectively connected to the electrodes Sa1[iu2, j] and Sa2[iu2, j].
  • the electrodes Sa1[iu2, j] and Sa2[iu2, j] are respectively located at two opposite sides of the routing Lm[q5], such that the connections of the electrode Sa2[iu2, j], the routing La2[iu2, j] (the routing Lm[q3], the pad P[q2], the routing La1[iu2, j] (the routing Lm[q2]) to the electrode Sa1[iu2, j] are encircled around the electrode Sa[Na ⁇ 1, j], the routing La[Na ⁇ 1, j] (the routing Lm[q5]) and the pad P[q3].
  • the routings Lm[q1] and Lm[q4] around the routings Lm[q2] and Lm[q3] may be the routings La1[iu, j] and La2[iu, j] in FIG. 3 , which are respectively connected to the electrodes Sa1[iu, j] and Sa2[iu, j].
  • the connections of the electrodes Sa2[iu, j], the routing La2[iu, j] (the routing Lm[q4]), the pad P[q1], the routing La1[iu, j] (the pad Lm[q1]) to the electrode Sa1[iu, j] are encircled around the electrode Sa2[iu2, j], the routing La2[iu2, j] (the routing Lm[q3]), the pad P[q2], the routing La1[iu2, j] (the routing Lm[q2]) and the electrode Sa1[iu2, j].
  • the pad P[q2] is arranged between the pads P[q1] and P[q3], and the pads P[q1], P[q2] and P[q3] may also be three non-neighboring pads.
  • the electrode Dk[id, j] may be connected to the driver DU[mod(j,2)*i+mod(j ⁇ 1,2)*(Nr ⁇ id+1)]. That is, the electrodes Dk[id, j] and Dk[Nr ⁇ id+1, j+1] are connected to the same driver.
  • the routing Wk[1, j] and the routing Wk[Nr, j+1] may be connected to a same pad, e.g., the pad P[q1], the routing Wk[2, j] between the routings Wk[1, j] and Wk[Nr, j+1] and the routing Wk[Nr ⁇ 1, j+1] may be connected to a same pad, e.g., the pad P[q2], and the routing Wk[3, j] between the routings Wk[2, j] and Wk[Nr ⁇ 1, j+1] and the routing Wk[Nr ⁇ 2, j+1] may be connected to a same pad, e.g., the pad P[q3], and so forth.
  • FIG. 23 shows a schematic diagram of pads and routings according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a pad region 14 n in FIG. 23 commonly refers to the pad region 14 a ( FIG. 2 ), 14 b ( FIG. 4 ), 14 c ( FIG. 7 ), 14 d ( FIG. 9 ), 14 e ( FIG. 12 ), 14 i ( FIG. 17 ), 14 j ( FIG. 19 ), 14 k ( FIG. 20) and 14L ( FIG. 21 ), and includes multiple staggered pads, e.g., pads P[1, 1], P[1, 2] to P[1, q] and P[2, 1], P[2, 2] to P[2, q].
  • pads P[1, 1], P[1, 2] to P[1, q] and P[2, 1], P[2, 2] to P[2, q].
  • the pads are arranged in two rows.
  • the pads P[1, 1], P[1, 2] to P[1, q] are arranged in one row along the x-axis, and the pads P[2, 1], P[2, 2] to P[2, q] are arranged in another row along the x-axis.
  • the x coordinate of the pad P[2, 1] is between those of the pads P[1, 2] and P[1, 2]
  • the x coordinate of the pad P[1, 2] is between those of the pads P[2, 1] and P[2, 2], and so forth.
  • Each of the pads P[1, q] and P[2, q] are respectively connected to at least one routing.
  • the pads P[1, 1], P[1, 2], P[2, 1] and P[2, 2] are respectively connected to routings Ln[1] to Ln[4].
  • different routings of the same property may encircle pads of a same row and/or pads of different rows to connect to a same pad.
  • the routings Ln[q1] and Ln[q4] of the same property may be respectively connected to two ends of the pad P[1, q1], and the other two routings Ln[q2] and Ln[q3] of the same property may be jointly connected to the pad P[2, q2] at another row.
  • the pads in the staggered arrangement is capable of reducing the x-axis width of the pad region 14 n , and different routings of the same property (routings connected to different electrodes) may also be connected to the same pad.
  • FIG. 24 shows an electrode arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Two electrodes Z 1 and Z 2 are two neighboring electrodes in any of the foregoing embodiments, and are spaced by an insulation gap 17 a having a distance d 1 .
  • the electrode Z 1 may connect to a driver, and the electrode Z 2 may connect to a sensor.
  • a dummy electrode may be additionally disposed, e.g., dummy electrodes zd[1], zd[2] to zd[r].
  • the dummy electrodes zd[1] to zd[r] are insulated from one another, and are also insulated from the electrodes Z 1 and Z 2 .
  • the dummy electrode zd[1] is spaced from the electrode Z 1 by a gap 17 b having a distance d 2 , and is spaced from the electrode Z 2 by a gap 17 c having a distance d 3 .
  • the electrode Zd[r] is kept floating, and is unconnected to any circuit, including the sensors and drivers.
  • the insulation gap 17 a between the electrodes Z 1 and Z 2 originally having a greater width is reduced to two gaps 17 b and 17 c having smaller distances.
  • the dummy electrode zd[r] partially stuffs the gap 17 a between the electrodes Z 1 and Z 2 , in a way that the gap 17 a appears less obvious to thus not only impose reduced effects upon image quality when the touch panel is integrated to a display panel but also benefits processing and manufacturing of the electrodes.
  • electric field power lines of the electrodes Z 1 and Z 2 may be first coupled to the dummy electrode zd[r] via the electrode Z 1 and then coupled to the electrode Z 2 via the dummy electrode zd[r]. Therefore, the dummy electrode zd[r] converges the power lines between the electrodes Z 1 and Z 2 to reduce the power line loss, thereby facilitating the sensing of mutual capacitance changes.
  • a total solution is provided in various aspects from an electrode arrangement, a routing layout to a pad arrangement.
  • electrodes, routings and pads are allowed to form at a single conductive layer to further reduce the size, area and thickness of the touch panel while also lowering costs of the touch panel.
  • the regularity in the routing layout of the embodiment presents a spatial periodicity, thus allowing ambient electrical environment of the electrodes to approach consistency for enhancing touch sensing performance.

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