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US20110286430A1 - Communication system and communication controlling method - Google Patents

Communication system and communication controlling method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110286430A1
US20110286430A1 US13/131,810 US201013131810A US2011286430A1 US 20110286430 A1 US20110286430 A1 US 20110286430A1 US 201013131810 A US201013131810 A US 201013131810A US 2011286430 A1 US2011286430 A1 US 2011286430A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
pgw
mme
sgw
request
user equipment
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Abandoned
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US13/131,810
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English (en)
Inventor
Hajime Zembutsu
Toshiyuki Tamura
Stefan Schmid
Tarik TALEB
Gottfried Punz
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NEC Europe Ltd
NEC Corp
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NEC Europe Ltd
NEC Corp
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Assigned to NEC CORPORATION, NEC EUROPE LTD. reassignment NEC CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TAMURA, TOSHIYUKI, ZEMBUTSU, HAJIME, PUNZ, GOTTFRIED, SCHMID, STEFAN, TALEB, TARIK
Publication of US20110286430A1 publication Critical patent/US20110286430A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/12—Reselecting a serving backbone network switching or routing node
    • H04W36/125—Reselecting a serving backbone network switching or routing node involving different types of service backbones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0033—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection with transfer of context information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0061—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of neighbour cell information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/12—Reselecting a serving backbone network switching or routing node
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/322—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by location data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/326—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by proximity to another entity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/34—Reselection control
    • H04W36/38—Reselection control by fixed network equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/34—Modification of an existing route
    • H04W40/36—Modification of an existing route due to handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/22—Manipulation of transport tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a mobile communication system and, more particularly, to a system optimal for re-selection of a gateway that connects a terminal to a packet data network. This invention also relates to a communication controlling method.
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • bearer management is performed based on an ‘Always On’ concept in such a manner that a PGW (PDN (Packet Data Network) Gateway), initially selected when a UE (User Equipment or ‘terminal’) has attached the EPC, is fixedly used as anchor until the UE detaches.
  • PGW Packet Data Network
  • UE User Equipment or ‘terminal’
  • a service network a packet data network
  • an SGW Serving Gateway
  • a bearer between the SGW and the PGW is updated by disconnection and re-establishment to ensure connectivity from the UE to the PGW.
  • such a PGW is selected which is close to the SGW physically or from the perspective of network topology.
  • the PGW may be far away from a SGW in terms of a distance (a physical or network topological distance).
  • a distance a physical or network topological distance
  • Such a system is thus desired that, when a UE moves over a long distance, and the UE is to connect from a serving area in which the UE resides to an external network (service network), allows re-selecting an optimal PGW (result of analysis by the present inventors).
  • a communication method in Local IP Access (LIPA)/Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) architecture wherein a gateway apparatus physically or topologically close to a site, where the user equipment is attached, is selected according to movement of the user equipment.
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • a communication system in Local IP Access (LIPA)/Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) architecture wherein a gateway apparatus physically or topologically close to a site, where the user equipment is attached, is selected, according to movement of the user equipment.
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • a communication method in Local IP Access (LIPA)/Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) architecture wherein, in case a mobility management entity (MME) decides that it is necessary to re-select a gateway apparatus, the MME sends a first signal for setting re-attachment to a user equipment, the user equipment on receipt of the first signal transmitting a second signal for re-attachment to the MME and the MME re-selecting the gateway apparatus.
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Seselecting
  • a communication system in Local IP Access (LIPA)/Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) architecture comprising a mobility management entity (MME) and a user equipment, wherein the MME sends a first signal for setting re-attachment, when the MME decides that it is necessary to re-select a gateway apparatus, the user equipment sends a second signal for re-attachment to the MME, on receipt of the first signal, and the MME re-selects the gateway apparatus.
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • a user equipment in a communication system by Local IP Access (LIPA)/Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) architecture, wherein the user equipment receives a first signal that sets re-attachment from a mobility management entity (MME) and sends a second signal for re-attachment to the MME to cause re-selection of a gateway apparatus to be performed.
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • a communication method in Local IP Access (LIPA)/Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) architecture wherein the method comprises:
  • Deactivate Bearer request a deactivate bearer request
  • MME mobility management entity
  • Deactivate Bearer request requesting re-selection
  • RRC connection reconfiguration RRC connection reconfiguration
  • RRC connection reconfiguration RRC connection reconfiguration
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • MME mobility management entity
  • the MME decides that it is necessary to re-select a gateway apparatus, the MME sends a deactivate bearer request (Deactivate Bearer request), requesting re-selection, to the base station,
  • a deactivate bearer request (Deactivate Bearer request)
  • the base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration (RRC connection reconfiguration) to the user equipment,
  • the user equipment sends a notification of completion of the RRC connection reconfiguration (RRC connection reconfiguration) to the base station,
  • the base station sends a deactivate bearer response (Deactivate Bearer response) to the MME,
  • the user equipment initiates a UE requested PDN connectivity (UE requested PDN connectivity) procedure to cause re-selection of a gateway apparatus to be performed.
  • UE requested PDN connectivity UE requested PDN connectivity
  • a user equipment in a communication system by Local IP Access (LIPA)/Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) architecture, wherein, in case of receiving an RRC connection reconfiguration from the base station, the user equipment sends a notification of completion of RRC connection reconfiguration to the base station to initiate a UE requested PDN connectivity procedure to cause re-selection of a gateway apparatus to be performed.
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • an optimal gateway node it is possible to re-select an optimal gateway node at a time when a user equipment is to connect from a serving area to an external network (service network).
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a entire configuration of a system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a Comparative Example.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of the Comparative Example.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of an exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of an exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of an exemplary embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of an exemplary embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of an exemplary embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of an exemplary embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of the exemplary embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of the exemplary embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of an exemplary embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a sequence of an exemplary embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • a system re-selects a PGW (PDN gateway) in EPC in keeping with movement of a user equipment (UE) and re-establishes a default bearer, thereby realizing improvement of transmission delay and efficiency of network resources in the EPC.
  • PGW PDN gateway
  • LIPA Local IP Access
  • SIPTO Select IP Traffic Offload
  • a PGW is re-selected for a UE which is being attached to the EPC.
  • An EPC bearer usually uses in a fixed manner, a PGW which is initially selected when a UE is attached (registered) to the EPC network, as an anchor, until the UE is detached (deleted from registration). However, in case the UE moves over a long distance, it may occur frequently that the PGW initially selected ceases to be a most efficient gateway apparatus for the external network.
  • a path (bearer) between a UE and a PGW may be optimized by re-selecting and modifying the PGW, such as when the UE is in an idle state.
  • a default bearer is re-established, with the re-selection of as the PGW, when the UE is not involved in packet communication, i.e., when the UE is in idle mode.
  • FIG. 2 shows, as Comparative Example, a case where the present invention is not applied.
  • a PGW 71 which is closer to the left side SGW 61 in a physical distance or a network-topological distance, is initially selected, and a connection path 1 is set.
  • the UE is moved a long distance, the UE continues to use the left-side PGW 71 .
  • the UE and the PGW are connected by an inefficient connection path 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a case where the UE moves astride the SGW, as the present invention is applied.
  • the PGW 71 since the UE is attached to the SGW 61 on the left side of FIG. 3 , the PGW 71 , closer to the left side SGW 61 in a physical distance or a network-topological distance, is initially selected, and a connection path 3 is set.
  • the EPC then re-examines the connectivity between the UE and the external network (service network), using the UE's movement over the large distance as a trigger.
  • the EPC gives a decision that a right-side PGW 2 provides a more efficient connection (UE-PGW path) than the left-side PGW 71 .
  • UE-PGW path a more efficient connection
  • the path between the UE and the PGW is changed over from the connection path 3 to the connection path 4 , thus assuring more efficient connection.
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of a network system according of the present exemplary embodiment.
  • the basic arrangement itself of the network remains unchanged from a hitherto-used EPC network arrangement.
  • UE 1 to UE 3 are mobile phones.
  • eNodeB evolved Node B
  • NodeB 21 and RNC Radio Network Controller
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • An MME (Mobility Management Entity) 41 is an apparatus for mobility management as introduced by EPC.
  • An SGSN (Serving GRRS (General Packet Radio Service) Support Node) 51 is a serving apparatus, used for UMTS, and may or may not handle a user plane processing, depending on a connection modes.
  • the user plane is set between the SGW (Serving Gateway) and the RNC.
  • SGW Serving Gateway
  • SGWs 61 and 62 are serving apparatuses that may handle the user plane.
  • PGW 71 and 72 are gateway apparatuses that connect an external network (a service network 81 in the drawing) and RNC.
  • FIG. 4 shows a case of TA update accompanied by SGW change (Comparative Example). It is noted that, when a UE is in idle condition, that is, in a no-connection state, it is managed to which tracking area (position registration area) the UE belongs, however, it is not managed in which cell the UE resides.
  • MME receives a TA update request (TA Update Request) from the UE and, if it is determined that SGW needs to be changed, a create session request (Create Session Request) is sent to an SGW ( 2 ) which is a change-target SGW.
  • TA Update Request a TA update request
  • Create Session Request a create session request
  • the SGW( 2 ) sends a modify bearer request (Modify Bearer Request) to the PGW ( 1 ) to notify the PGW ( 1 ) of the fact that the SGW as destination of connection is changed.
  • a modify bearer request Modify Bearer Request
  • the PGW ( 1 ) On completion of update of the bearer context information, the PGW ( 1 ) sends a response to the modify bearer request (Modify Bearer Response) to the SGW ( 2 ).
  • the SGW ( 2 ) On receipt of the response to the modify bearer request (Modify Bearer Response) from the PGW ( 1 ), the SGW ( 2 ) sends a create session response (Create Session Response) to the MME.
  • Modify Bearer Response Modify Bearer Response
  • the SGW ( 2 ) On receipt of the response to the modify bearer request (Modify Bearer Response) from the PGW ( 1 ), the SGW ( 2 ) sends a create session response (Create Session Response) to the MME.
  • the MME On receipt of the create session response (normal response) from the SGW ( 2 ), the MME sends a delete session request (Delete Session Request) to the SGW ( 1 ), which is a change-source SGW.
  • Delete Session Request a delete session request
  • the SGW ( 1 ) After deletion of the bearer context, the SGW ( 1 ) sends a delete session response (Delete Session Response) to the MME.
  • a delete session response (Delete Session Response)
  • the MME On receipt of the delete session response (Delete Session Response) from the SGW ( 1 ), the MME sends a TA (Tracking Access) accept (TA accept) to the UE.
  • TA Track Access
  • the MME receives a TA update request (TA Update Request) from the UE.
  • TA Update Request TA Update Request
  • the MME sends a create session request (Create Session Request) to the SWG ( 2 ) which is a change-target SGW.
  • the MME selects a PGW ( 2 ) that can be efficiently connected to the external network (service network), and sets address information that identifies the PGW, in the create session request (Create Session Request).
  • the SGW ( 2 ) on receipt of the new PGW address, sends a create session request (Create Session Request) to the PGW ( 2 ).
  • the PGW ( 2 ) responsive to the create session request (Create Session Request) sent from the SGW ( 2 ), creates a bearer context.
  • the PGW ( 2 ) also assigns a new IP address for the user to the UE. After completion of assignment of the new IP address for the user and creation of the bearer context, the PGW ( 2 ) sends a create session response (Create Session Response) to the SGW ( 2 ).
  • the SGW ( 2 ) responsive to the create session response (Create Session Request) from the PGW ( 2 ), sends a delete session request (Delete Session Request) to the PGW ( 1 ).
  • the PGW ( 1 ) deletes the bearer context and sends a delete session response (Delete Session Response) to the SGW ( 2 ).
  • the SGW ( 2 ) responsive to the delete session response (Delete Session Response) from the PGW ( 1 ), sends a create session response (Create Session Response) to the MME.
  • the MME responsive to a normal response from the SGW ( 2 ), sends a delete session request (Delete Session Request) to the SGW ( 1 ), which is the change-source SGW.
  • the SGW ( 1 ) After deleting bearer context, the SGW ( 1 ) sends a delete session response (Delete Session Response) to the MME.
  • a delete session response (Delete Session Response)
  • the MME On receipt of the response, the MME sends a TA update accept (TA Update Accept) to the user.
  • TA Update Accept a TA update accept
  • the IP information newly assigned to the user, is set in the TA Update Accept and notified to the UE.
  • GTPv2 protocol GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Tunneling Protocol v2
  • PMIPv6 Proxy Mobile IPv6
  • Proxy Binding Update is used in place of Create Session Request/Delete Session Request.
  • Proxy Binding Acknowledgement is used in place of Create Session Response/Delete Session Response.
  • the sequence to re-select a PGW is as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 5 shows the operation when an SGW is changed. However, even in case an SGW is not changed, the basic operation is the same.
  • the message sequence, shown in FIG. 5 is explained using message names for a case where the communication between an SGW and a PGW is implemented in accordance with GTP protocol. However, similar effects may also be obtained in case the communication between the SGW and the PGW is implemented in accordance with PMIP (Proxy Mobile IP) protocol.
  • PMIP Proxy Mobile IP
  • an SGSN is substituted for an MME, the operation is that of PGW re-selection in case an access network is UMTS.
  • PGW PGW based on the position in which a UE resides becomes possible. Since a PGW which is of a physically short distance from the UE or network-topologically close to the UE is selected and connected to the UE, network resources may be optimized by efficient connection.
  • User data transmission delay may be reduced by efficient path connection between the UE and the PGW.
  • TA Update Request On receipt of a TA update request (TA Update Request), sent from a terminal (UE), MME examines whether or not a PGW, to which the UE is connected, is appropriate.
  • FIG. 6 shows a status in which a UE is connected to a PGW ( 1 ) (an EPS bearer established between the UE and the PGW ( 1 ): EPS bearer originally established).
  • the MME decides that re-selection of another suitable PGW is necessary, the MME sets a cause value that urges re-attach in a TA update request (TA Update Request) to send a TA update reject (TA Update Reject) to the UE.
  • TA Update Request TA Update request
  • TA Update Reject TA update reject
  • the UE In response to the TA update reject (TA Update Reject) from the MME, the UE sends an attach (ATTACH) signal to the MME.
  • ATTACH attach
  • the MME On receipt of the TA update reject (TA Update Reject), the MME is able to newly start up a logic for selecting a PGW, as a result of which an optimal PGW is re-selected.
  • a PGW ( 2 ) is re-selected to perform a connection procedure to the PGW ( 2 ). That is, a create session request (Create Session Request) from the MME is sent to the SGM ( 2 ) and the create session request (Create Session Request) is sent from the SGW ( 2 ) to the PGW ( 2 ).
  • the SGW ( 2 ) On receipt of a create session response (Create Session Response) from the PGW ( 2 ), the SGW ( 2 ) sends the create session response to the MME.
  • MME sends a delete session request (Delete Session Request) to the SGW ( 1 ).
  • the SGW ( 1 ) returns a delete session response (Delete Session Response) to the MME.
  • the MME returns TA Update Accept which indicates the completion of TA update, to the terminal (UE).
  • the sequence shown in FIG. 7 is a normal TA update procedure. As a point of change in the present exemplary embodiment, completion of the TA update procedure is notified from an MME to a UE.
  • the MME on receipt of a TA update request (TA Update Request) from the UE, the MME sends a create session request (Create Session Request) to the SGW ( 2 ).
  • a modify bearer request (Modify Bearer Request) is sent from the SGW ( 2 ) to the PGW ( 1 ).
  • the MME On receipt of a create session response (Create Session Response) from the SGW ( 2 ), the MME sends a delete session request (Delete Session Request) to the SGW ( 1 ).
  • the MME On receipt of the delete session response (Delete Session Response) from the SGW ( 1 ), the MME sends a TA update accept (TA Update Accept (PDN)).
  • PDN TA Update Accept
  • new information that is, PDN of the TA Update Accept (PDN) in FIG. 7
  • PDN packet data network
  • PDN packet data network
  • the UE On receipt of the TA update accept (TA Update Accept) signal, added by the new information (PDN), the UE recognizes the PDN (packet data network) for re-connection, based on the information specified. It is noted that a plurality of PDNs may sometimes be so added. For the PDN, the UE starts up a UE requested PDN Disconnection processing (processing of disconnection of the PDN as requested by the UE) or a UE requested PDN connectivity processing (processing of connection of the PDN as requested by the UE) to re-connect the packet data network (PDN).
  • PDN packet data network
  • FIG. 7 shows the operation for the case where the SGW is changed. However, even when the SGW is not changed, the basic operation remains the same.
  • PGW re-connection may be made without starting up ATTACH processing (re-attach).
  • Starting up ATACH processing means that, if there are a plurality of PDN connections, processing for PGW re-selection is started up for the entire PDN connections, and hence the processing of a relatively large scale is invoked.
  • PGW re-selection which may be started up by the EPC (MME) at an optional timing, is made in a manner not dependent upon the TA update procedure carried out by the UE. If, when the MME is in a connected state, PGW re-selection is decided to be necessary, a Page signal is sent to the UE and the connection with the UE is tried.
  • MME EPC
  • the cause information (reason information) is added as an option to the Page signal. See Page (cause) of FIG. 8 .
  • the UE is allowed to neglect this Page signal (Page signal with the cause information). This is a measure taken in order to avoid battery consumption in the UE caused by iterative execution of this processing.
  • the Page signal is a signal used for notification of an incoming call.
  • the Page signal sent in case PGW re-selection is needed, is for enhancing the efficiency of the connection path in the EPC, such that it may not be said to be an indispensable operation.
  • the UE On receipt of this Page signal, the UE sends a service request (Service request) signal to the MME for communication therewith.
  • the MME sends a deactivate bearer request (Deactivate Bearer request) from the MME to the eNodeB.
  • the eNodeB sends an RRC connection reconfiguration.
  • the eNodeB On receipt of a notification of completion of the RRC connection reconfiguration from the UE, the eNodeB sends a deactivate bearer response (Deactivate Bearer Response) to the MME.
  • Service request Service request
  • the MME sends a deactivate bearer request (Deactivate Bearer request) from the MME to the eNodeB.
  • the MME then disconnects the connection of the packet data network (PDN), for which PGW re-selection is necessary, to induce the procedure of UE requested packet data network connection from the UE (UE requested PDN connectivity).
  • PDN packet data network
  • the MME By carrying out this procedure, it becomes possible for the MME to newly start up the PGW selection logic. Thus, as a result, re-selection of suitable PGW becomes necessary.
  • the EPC MME is able to start up PGW re-connection at an optional timing.
  • O&M Operaation and Maintenance
  • LIPA Long Term Evolution
  • SIPTO Session Initiation and Maintenance
  • the MME may re-select PGW at an optional timing.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show the arrangement of the present exemplary embodiment.
  • UE 1 to UE 3 are mobile phone apparatuses.
  • eNodeB 11 and 12 are LTE base stations.
  • NodeB 21 and RNC 31 are apparatuses for radio access (Radio Access) adopted by the UNITS system.
  • An MME 41 is an apparatus introduced by EPC to manage the mobility.
  • An SGSN 51 is a serving apparatus used for the UMTS, and may or may not handle a user plane depending upon connection configurations. In case the SGSN does not handle a user plane, the user plane is set between the SGW and the RNC.
  • SGWs 61 and 62 are apparatuses inside the service range that handle the user plane.
  • the PGW 71 and 72 are gateway apparatuses that interconnect the external network (service network 81 in FIG. 9 ) and the EPC.
  • LPGW Local PGW 91 and 92 are gateway apparatuses that share certain portions in common with the eNodeB or that are located extremely close to the eNodeB and to allow connection to the service network 81 .
  • UE 1 and UE 2 are mobile phone apparatuses.
  • NodeB 21 and 22 and RNC 31 and 32 are apparatuses for radio access adopted in the UMTS system.
  • SGSNs 61 and 62 are serving apparatuses and may or may not handle the user plane depending upon connection configurations. In case the SGSN does not handle a user plane, the user plane is set between the GGSN and RNC. It is noted that the configuration in which the user plane is set between the GGSN and RNC is called the ‘direct tunnel connection’.
  • GGSNs 71 and 72 are gateway apparatuses that interconnect the external network (service network 81 in FIG. 10 ) and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) network.
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LGGSNs (Local GGSNs (Gateway GPRS Support Nodes)) 101 and 102 are gateway apparatuses that share certain portions in common with or are located extremely close to the RNCs (Radio Network Controllers) and that allow for connection to the service network 81 .
  • RNCs Radio Network Controllers
  • the MME receives a TA update request (TA Update Request) from the UE.
  • TA Update Request TA Update Request
  • the TA update request (TA Update Request) signal from the eNodeB to the MME is encapsulated in the S1-AP message for transmission.
  • the eNodeB notifies the MME on the S1-AP message of the fact that PDN connection may be set by the LIPA/SIPTO architecture.
  • the MME decides that the SGW needs to be changed, it sends a create session request (Create Session Request) to the SGW ( 2 ) which is a change-target SGW.
  • Create Session Request Create Session Request
  • the MME decides that re-arrangement to LPGW is necessary, the MME selects an LPGW that may efficiently be connected to the external network (service network 81 ), and sets address information that designates the PGW, in the create session request (Create Session Request).
  • the above mentioned notification on the S1-AP message that PDN connection may be set by the LIPA/SIPTO architecture on the S1-AP message is by way of illustration only such that it is also possible for the MME to decide on the necessity for re-selection based on some other information.
  • the SGW ( 2 ) On receipt of a new PGW address, the SGW ( 2 ) sends a create session request (Create Session Request) to the LPGW. On receipt of the create session request (Create Session Request), the LPGW creates a bearer context (Bearer Context).
  • Create Session Request On receipt of the create session request (Create Session Request), the LPGW creates a bearer context (Bearer Context).
  • the LPGW assigns a new IP address for the user to the UE.
  • the LPGW On completion of assignment of the new IP address for the user and creation of the bearer context (Bearer Context), the LPGW sends a create session response (Create Session Response) to the SGW ( 2 ).
  • the SGW ( 2 ) On receipt of the create session response (Create Session Response), the SGW ( 2 ) sends a delete session request (Delete Session Request) to the PGW( 1 ).
  • the PGW ( 1 ) deletes the bearer context (Bearer Context) and sends a delete session response (Delete Session Response) to the SGW ( 2 ).
  • the SGW On receipt of the delete session response (Delete Session Response), the SGW ( 2 ) sends a create session response (Create Session Response) to the MME.
  • the MME On receipt of the normal response from the LPGW, the MME sends a delete session request (Delete Session Request) to the SGW ( 1 ), a change-source SGW.
  • Delete Session Request a delete session request
  • the SGW ( 1 ) After deleting the bearer context (Bearer Context), the SGW ( 1 ) sends a delete session response (Delete Session Response) to the MME.
  • Delete Session Response Delete Session Response
  • the MME On receipt of the delete session response (Delete Session Response), the MME sends TA accept (TA Accept) to the UE.
  • TA accept TA Accept
  • IP address information newly assigned to the user, is set and notified of the UE.
  • Proxy Binding Update is used in place of the create session request (Create Session Request)/delete session request (Delete Session Request).
  • proxy binding acknowledgement is used in place of the create session response (Create Session Response)/delete session response (Delete Session Response).
  • the sequence for LPGW re-selection is shown in FIG. 11 . However, if the above function is to be implemented, it is necessary for the MME to re-select the PGW at an appropriate timing.
  • FIG. 11 shows the operation when the SGW is changed. However, even in case the SGW is not changed, the basic operation is the same.
  • the message sequence, shown in FIG. 11 is explained in terms of message names for a case where the communication between the SGW and the PGW is implemented using GTP protocol. However, similar effects may also be obtained in case the communication between the SGW and the PGW is implemented using PMIP protocol.
  • the operation is that of PGW re-selection in case the access network is the UMTS.
  • packet communication services may be extended by LPGW re-selection as no user traffic is taken into the EPC.
  • LPGW packet communication services
  • a mobile communication operator is able to reduce a load of an EPC network apparatus.
  • the MME receives a TA update request (TA Update Request) from the UE.
  • TA Update Request a TA update request (TA Update Request) signal is encapsulated in the S1-AP message for communication from the eNodeB to the ME.
  • the eNodeB sends to the MMR a notification on the S1-AP message to the effect that PDN connection may be set based on the LIPA/SIPTO architecture.
  • the MME examines whether or not the PGW, the UE in question is connected to, is appropriate. It is noted that the above mentioned notification on the S1-AP message that setting of PDN connection by the LIPA/SIPTO architecture is possible is by way of illustration only such that it is also possible for the MME to decide on the necessity for re-selection of a new PGW based on some other information.
  • FIG. 12 shows a state in which the UE is connected to PGW ( 1 ) (EPS bearer originally established from the UE to the PGW ( 1 )).
  • PGW Packet Control Function
  • the UE is induced by the TA update reject (TA Update Reject) to send the ATTACH signal to the MME.
  • This ATTACH signal is also encapsulated in the S1-AP message for transmission.
  • the eNodeB sends to the MME a notification on the S1-AP message to the effect that PDN connection may be set based on the LIPA/SIPTO architecture.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example connection processing to LPGW re-selected.
  • a create session request (Create Session Request) from the MME to the SGW ( 2 ) and LPGW, a create session response (Create Session Response) from the LPGW to the SGW ( 2 ) and MME, a delete session request (Delete Session Request) from the MME to the SGW ( 1 ), a delete session response (Delete Session Response) from the SGW ( 1 ) to the MME and a TA update accept from the MME to the UE, are sent.
  • packet communication services may be extended by LPGW re-selection as no user traffic is taken into EPC.
  • LPGW packet communication services
  • a mobile communication operator is able to reduce a load of an EPC network apparatus.
  • the configuration of the present exemplary embodiment is that as shown FIG. 9 .
  • the operation of the present exemplary embodiment will now be described with reference to FIG. 13 .
  • the regular TA update procedure is changed.
  • the MME receives a TA update request (TA Update Request) from the UE. It is noted that, in the case of the LIPA/SIPTO architecture, the TA update request (TA Update Request) signal from the eNodeB to the MME is encapsulated in the S1-AP message for transmission.
  • a notification is sent on the S1-AP message to the MME to the effect that PDN connection may be set based on the LIPA/SIPTO architecture. It is noted however that the notification sent on the S1-AP message to the effect that PDN connection may be set based on the LIPA/SIPTO architecture is by way of illustration only such that it is also possible for the MME to decide on the necessity for re-selection of a new PGW based on some other information.
  • the TA update accept (TA Update Accept) signal that notifies the completion of the TA update procedure from the MME to the UE is added by new information (PDN in FIG. 13 ) to urge re-connection of the packet data network (PDN) which is currently in a connected state.
  • PDN packet data network
  • the UE recognizes the PDN (packet data network) for re-connection, based on the information specified. It is noted that a plurality of PDNs may sometimes be so added. For the PDN in question, the UE starts up the conventional UE requested PDN connection processing or the UE requested PDN connectivity processing to re-connect the packet data network (PDN).
  • packet communication services may be extended by LPGW re-selection as no user traffic is taken into EPC.
  • mobile communication operator is able to reduce a load of an EPC network apparatus.
  • the configuration of the present exemplary embodiment is that as shown FIG. 10 .
  • the operation of the present exemplary embodiment will now be described with reference to FIG. 14 .
  • the SGSN (Serving GRPS Support Node) receives an RA (Routing Area) update request (RA Update Request) from the UE.
  • RA Central Area
  • the RA update request signal from the NodeB to the SGSN is encapsulated in a RANUP (Radio Access Network Access Part) message for transmission.
  • the RRC sends to the SGSN a notification on the RANAP message to the effect that PDN connection may be set based on the LIPA/SIPTO architecture.
  • the SGSN examines whether or not the GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node), the UE in question is connected to, is appropriate. It is noted that the above mentioned notification on the RANAP message that PDN connection setting by the LIPA/SIPTO architecture is possible is only by way of illustration. That is, it is also possible for the MME to decide on the necessity for re-selection of a new PGW based on some other information.
  • FIG. 14 shows a state in which the UE is connected to GGSN (GTP tunnel connection is established between UE and GGSN: see ‘GTP Tunneling originally established’ of FIG. 14 ).
  • the SGSN decides that LGGSN re-selection is necessary, the SGSN sets a reason value (cause value) that urges re-attach (ATTACH) in the RA update request (RA Update Request) to send back an RA update reject (RA Update Reject) signal to the UE.
  • a reason value cause value
  • ATTACH re-attach
  • RA Update Request RA Update Request
  • RA Update Reject RA update reject
  • the UE is caused by the RA update reject (RA Update Reject) signal to send the ATTACH signal to the SGSN to try to re-attach (ATTACH) to the GPRS network.
  • the SGSN sends an RA update request (RA Update Request) to an HLR (Home Location Register).
  • An insert subscriber data (Insert Subscriber data) is sent from the HLR to the GGSN.
  • the GGSN sends back an insert subscriber data acknowledge (Insert Subscriber data ack) response to the HLR.
  • ack On receipt of the ack response (ack), the HLR sends back an RA update response (RA Update Response) to the SGSN.
  • the SGSN sends back an ATTACH accept (ATTACH Accept) to the UE.
  • the UE then sends a request for activating PDP context (Activate PDP context request), requesting PDP (Packet Data Protocol) connection, to the SGSN.
  • PDP context request Activate PDP context request
  • PDP Packet Data Protocol
  • the SGSN On receipt of the request for activating PDP context (Activate PDP context request), the SGSN decides whether or not the connection to LGGSN is appropriate. When the SGSN decides that the connection to LGGSN is appropriate, the SGSN performs creation of a GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) tunnel to the LGGSN (Create PDP context request).
  • the Create PDP context request is sent back from the LGGSN to the SGSN, and a PDP context activate response (Activate PDP context response) is sent back from SGSN to the UE to enable connection between UE and LGGSN.
  • GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol
  • packet communication services may be extended by LPGW re-selection as no user traffic is taken into the EPC.
  • LPGW packet communication services
  • a mobile communication operator is able to reduce a load of a GPRS network apparatus.

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