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US20040261353A1 - Method and a form tie for producing a wall - Google Patents

Method and a form tie for producing a wall Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040261353A1
US20040261353A1 US10/488,648 US48864804A US2004261353A1 US 20040261353 A1 US20040261353 A1 US 20040261353A1 US 48864804 A US48864804 A US 48864804A US 2004261353 A1 US2004261353 A1 US 2004261353A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
former
spacers
supports
form tie
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/488,648
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English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Henningsson
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20040261353A1 publication Critical patent/US20040261353A1/en
Priority to US11/986,142 priority Critical patent/US20080308711A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
    • E04G17/07—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by means of wedge-shaped members
    • E04G17/0707—One-piece elements
    • E04G17/0714—One-piece elements fully recoverable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a wall or partition with essentially smooth surfaces, which method comprises opposite former sheets or equivalent surfaces being arranged at a distance from each other in order to form a former space with the aid of form ties, parts of which protrude through holes in the said former sheets and are provided with stop means, which stop means are caused to come into contact with those surfaces of the former sheets that face the former space, and which form ties are provided on the sides of the former sheets that face away from the former space with retainers in order to maintain the former sheets at the correct distance, after which mortar or concrete in liquid form is added to the former space and caused to solidify.
  • the invention also concerns a form tie to be used when producing a wall or partition with the method described above.
  • the form tie comprises a rod with a breakage guide and at least one support and spacer that interacts with the rod.
  • Form ties are used primarily when moulding concrete walls in situ.
  • the form ties are used in order to position the moulds, that is, in order to keep together the former sheets that are used, and to fix them relative to each other, in order to form an inner space, which is filled with moulding compound in order to form, for example, a wall, partition, column or similar.
  • the former sheets of the mould are normally built up from battens for the support of loads that arise and stiff wooden sheets for example, the sheets known as plywood sheets, of planking or of both in order to define the space.
  • Former sheets of materials other than wood, for example, of metal or stiff paperboard can also be used, as can, in counter-moulding, one or more of the former sheets be constituted by an existing object.
  • the form ties which are significantly longer than the width of the former space, essentially consist of thin iron or steel rods, although normal reinforcing iron is also found, which are cut to suitable lengths.
  • supports and spacers are arranged at predetermined locations along the rods.
  • the supports and spacers normally consist of thin washers, for example, circular washers of plastic or metal, which may be domed; solid or hollow plastic, concrete or metal bodies having a certain volume and geometry, such as cones, cubes or similar.
  • the length of the body in the direction of the rod determines the width of the mortar, that is, it determines the void that is formed in the moulding compound from the surface of the moulded element and inwards, which width of mortar can amount to greater than 50 mm using known supports and spacers. Since such a support and spacer may have a comparable ratio between its diameter and its width, it is easy to realise that a wall, for example, that has been moulded using the said support and spacer requires considerable subsequent cleaning, once the removal of the supports and spacers, which is necessary for aesthetic reasons, has been carried out.
  • the supports and spacers are prevented from displacement inwards along the rod by means of stop means, for example, embossed impressions, increased thickness or tracks in the rod itself, arranged on the rod such that an irregularity in cross-section is achieved, with which the support and spacer subsequently makes contact. Furthermore, there is often a moisture barrier washer or a gas barrier washer arranged between these supports and spacers that is to prevent the passage of moisture or gas along the rod and thus through the wall.
  • each rod which now protrude from the surface of the element, are now removed by, for example, being cut or broken at the said irregularity in cross-section.
  • These irregularities in cross-section are currently often positioned at, or at a certain distance inside of, the actual surface of the moulded element, normally at the inner side of each support and spacer, and they are arranged in such a manner that the supports and spacers are freed from the rest of the rod during the removal of the protruding end sections.
  • the support and spacer is normally removed from the surface using a suitable tool such as a screwdriver.
  • the above-mentioned moisture-barrier washer is often mounted at the centre of the rod of the form tie, which moisture barrier can, for example, be comprised by a circular metal washer with a diameter of between 5 cm and 10 cm.
  • the building element can be protected from attack by moisture by means of various methods and surface layers, which it is subsequently appropriate to apply following the removal of the formers. This involves, naturally, additional expense, and it is not always the case that such extra protective layers can be applied.
  • the patent document CA 2034584 A describes a form tie that, following moulding and the breaking off of the protruding ends of the rods, leaves behind such supports and spacers that, when removing the same, cause exactly the undesired holes in the moulded surface of the wall that are described above. It is also specified that the rods are manufactured from steel, making it probable that problems with rust will eventually arise.
  • a further example of a form tie is known from SE 451 079 B, which demonstrates different designs of supports and spacers and a rod in which the stop means comprises tracks in the rod, together with special lock-washers.
  • this form tie has the disadvantages that have been described above.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to achieve a form tie for moulded forms, which form tie completely eliminates, or at least considerably reduces, the problems described above.
  • the invention is thus characterised by the form tie being manufactured from a non-rusting material and provided before being applied in the former space with breakage guides, which breakage guides are essentially located in the same plane as the inner surfaces of the former sheets.
  • the form ties are caused to interact with supports and spacers of a non-rusting material, which supports and spacers are arranged to make contact with the inner surfaces of the former sheets.
  • the supports and spacers are designed such that they allow the mortar or concrete in liquid form to be caused to surround them except for those parts that lie in contact with the inner surfaces of the former sheets, the surfaces that face towards the former space. Following solidification of the wall or partition construction, the retainers and the former sheets are removed, and the form ties are broken at the breakage guides.
  • the support and spacer is provided with at least a first surface, positioned essentially perpendicular to the rod. Furthermore, the support and spacer is designed to be available for interaction with the said liquid material with the exception of the said first surface, and that, once the form tie has been applied as it is to be used, the breakage guide in the rod is positioned in essentially the same plane as the first surface, and that not only the supports and spacers but also the rod are manufactured from a non-rusting material.
  • the form tie has at least two breakage guides and two supports and spacers.
  • the two breakage guides are separated from each other by a distance that essentially corresponds to the desired thickness of the completed wall or partition.
  • At least the first surface of each support and spacer is located at a distance from the rod that is essentially in the same plane as the associated breakage guide.
  • the form tie comprises a first stop means that prevents an associated support and spacer from being displaced relative to the form tie in towards its centre, and a second stop means that prevents the associated support and spacer from being displaced relative to a form tie outwards away from its centre.
  • Each support and spacer is provided with two legs, the extents of which in the direction of the width of the form tie are essentially equal and each one of which essentially agrees with the distance of the breakage guide from the first stop means, and the ends of which form the said first surfaces.
  • supports and spacers are arranged to be fixed relative to the form tie by, for example, welding.
  • the supports and spacers are bent from the material of the rod, in the form of, for example, loops arranged in a plane that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rod.
  • a construction is achieved that, for example, completely eliminates, or at least considerably reduces, the need for an internal moisture barrier, including the need of a special moisture barrier washer arranged on the form tie inside the moulded element, and in nearly all cases the need for subsequent cleaning is also eliminated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of one preferred embodiment of a form tie according to the present invention, which form tie comprises one rod and two supports and spacers.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of a form tie according to the invention intended for counter-moulding, which form tie comprises an alternative end section.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a form tie with an alternative embodiment of the breakage guides/stop means according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic perspective views of form ties with alternative embodiments of supports and spacers according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic side view of a form tie 1 for moulds 2 according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 1, which form tie 1 comprises an extended rod, which is manufactured from a non-rusting material, preferably a metallic material such as stainless steel or aluminium.
  • the rod in the embodiment shown, is essentially straight and cut at a length that is suitable for the particular mould, while being considerably longer than the width of the mould such that all types of retainer 4 , including tensioners (not shown), can be applied as necessary to the ends 5 , 6 of the rod.
  • the rod is to be arranged to be inserted through or fixed into holes 7 , which are appropriately placed opposite each other, in essentially opposite former sheets 8 , 9 in order to achieve, together with the said retainers 4 , a connection of the former sheets 8 , 9 that resists tensile forces at a predetermined distance from each other during moulding in the said mould 2 until the former sheets 8 , 9 are removed from each other.
  • the rod comprises a central section 10 and two external end sections 11 , 12 , which three sections 10 , 11 , 12 have predetermined rod cross-sections that in the embodiments shown are common and are evenly distributed along the lengths of the said sections 10 , 11 , 12 .
  • a number of stop means 13 , 25 are arranged at certain predetermined positions along each rod for the positioning of one or several supports and spacers 14 , each at a predetermined position along the rod.
  • two supports and spacers 14 are attached to prevent displacement inwards along the rod by means of one stop means 25 each, which supports and spacers 14 are thus also arranged at a predetermined distance from each other.
  • the supports and spacers 14 are arranged such that they can still be displaced in a direction outwards from the relevant stop means 25 .
  • Each support and spacer 14 has, furthermore, a through-opening 20 for the said rod, either in the form of a hole at the centre of the support and spacer 14 in order to thread the support and spacer 14 from one end section 11 , 12 of the rod, or in the form of an oblong hole from the edge of the support and spacer 14 towards its centre in order to thread the support and spacer 14 across the rod.
  • the support and spacer 14 is constituted by pieces cut from a longer rail of non-rusting material with a U-shaped profile, which support and spacer 14 has been hollowed in the central part 15 of the U-profile in order to thread it onto the rod from its ends 5 , 6 in such a way that the two legs 16 , 17 of the U-profile face outwards from the central section 10 of the rod in order for each to come into contact with one end surface 23 against the inner surface 21 of the closer of the former sheets 8 and 9 .
  • a further stop means 13 is arranged on the rod at the same distance as the free end surfaces 23 of the two legs 16 , 17 of the support and spacer 14 , which stop means 13 prevents the support and spacer from falling off during assembly of the mould 2 , and which also constitutes a breakage guide 13 ′ for cutting the rod on completion of the moulding. It is also intended that the former sheets 8 , 9 should rest on these stop means 13 when the mould is assembled.
  • the opening 20 can be punched out from the central part 15 in such a manner that a cone that protrudes from the central part 15 is formed during the punching, which cone makes it more difficult for moisture to penetrate along the rod.
  • Each stop means 13 , 25 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is constituted by two stamped embossings arranged essentially opposite to each other and on each side of the rod such that the latter obtains an irregularity in its cross-section that prevents the said displacement inwards.
  • the stop means 13 , 25 can, naturally, also be comprised by other irregularities in cross-section in the form of, for example, one or more notches, threaded sections or protrusions, which are arranged along the rod, in which or against which the said support and spacer 14 rests.
  • the stop means 13 also function, as has been previously mentioned as breakage guides 13 ′ in this case.
  • the total area of contact of the support and spacer 14 with the former sheets 8 , 9 that is, the sum of the above-mentioned end surfaces 23 , will be considerably reduced compared to what it is when using conventional washers or cones, which must have a certain diameter that is greater than the relevant hole 7 in the former sheet 8 , 9 in order to guarantee that the conventional support and spacer 14 is not able to pass out through the said hole 7 when the form tie 1 is placed under tension.
  • the support and spacer 14 that remains after demounting the mould is as good as invisible, while at the same time the rust stains that are otherwise problematical are totally prevented due to the selection of a non-rusting material for the complete form tie 1 .
  • each rod 3 is normally screwed, by means of a thread 29 that is arranged along one of the end sections 11 of the rod 3 , into a hole 7 drilled into the object for the purpose.
  • the form tie 1 in such an embodiment preferably comprises only one support and spacer 14 arranged at the end section 12 that is opposite to the thread 29 .
  • the threaded end section 11 constitutes in this way not only a support and spacer but also a stop means, since the rod 3 is attached to the existing object 9 such that the predetermined distance to the opposite support and spacer 14 is obtained, and in this way the desired thickness of the element is also obtained. It is intended that such counter-moulding ties are to be used together with duplex sheaths or expanders and jointing nuts.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative design for the design of the rod 3 of the form tie 1 in which the stop means 13 and the breakage guides 13 ′ have been achieved by the rod 3 having two different diameters.
  • the central part of the rod 3 which is intended to be located inside the moulded wall, has a larger diameter, while the parts on each side of this part have a smaller diameter.
  • the shoulders that are formed in this way are thus in this case stop means 13 for the forming sheets 8 , 9 and breakage points 13 ′.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative design for the support and spacer 14 , which in this case is constituted by sections 26 of the rod 3 . These sections 26 are constituted by a bentloop 27 intended to support the former sheets 8 , 9 on the surface of these that faces the former space.
  • the rod 3 has breakage guides 13 ′ arranged in the same plane as the surface of the former sheets 8 , 9 that face the former space.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative design for the support and spacer 14 , which in this case is constituted by sections 26 of the rod 3 . These sections 26 are constituted by two bent loops 28 intended to support the former sheets 8 , 9 on the surface of these that faces the former space.
  • the rod 3 has breakage guides 13 ′ in a manner equivalent to that shown in FIG. 4.
  • the sections 26 in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be constituted by Incomplete rings that support the former sheets, instead of loops 27 , 28 .
  • the supports and spacers 14 can be mutually arranged along the longitudinal length of the form tie to display an angle, for example, 90 degrees.
  • the form tie 1 comprises a round rod 3 that normally has a standard diameter of 6.5 mm or 8 mm with free end sections 11 , 12 at approximately 400 mm (that is, a free end of 400 mm from the respective stop means 13 for the supports and spacers 14 ).
  • the tensile resistance of a 6.5 mm form tie is approximately 14 kN, and that for an 8 mm form tie is approximately 18 kN.
  • highly resistant form ties with a tensile resistance of approximately 25 kN are also manufactured.
  • the 8 mm form ties are delivered as standard with 400 mm free ends, but they can also be obtained with an end knob 22 .
  • Form ties having an end knob 22 are intended for use in moulds comprising plywood and double battens 18, 19 (45 ⁇ 95 mm) or planks.
  • the supports and spacers 14 are manufactured from a U-profile, 40 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 3 mm, which is cut into pieces of width 15 mm, these pieces being drilled with holes of the diameter of the rod. It is appropriate if the form tie 1 is manufactured from non-rusting material SIS 2333 or SIS 2343.
  • the thickness of the covering layer can, naturally, vary, which is why it is appropriate to manufacture the legs 16 , 17 of the supports and spacers 14 with several lengths, for example within an interval from approximately 5 mm to approximately 60 mm, preferably 7 mm, 15 mm, 35 mm, 45 mm and 55 mm, from which a selection can be made.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples of the design shown or described above: it can be varied in various ways within the framework of the patent claims.
  • the said non-rusting material is not limited to metallic materials, such as stainless steel and aluminium, but all other materials, alloys and composite material having the properties required for use as a form tie 1 for moulds 2 , for example plastic, paperboard, etc. (although preferably of an inorganic, water-repellent material), lie within the innovative concept.
  • the rod 3 which is preferably relatively straight, can also comprise one or several bends.
  • the cross-section of the rod 3 can be rectangular, square, circular, or it can have any other suitable form.
  • moulds 2 is taken to denote primarily wall moulds, but all other possible moulds 2 comprising former sheets 8 , 9 that essentially face each other held together by one or several of the said form ties 1 are included by the term, for example moulds 2 for staircases, columns, supporting walls, etc., and including counter-moulded walls or elements in which at least one of the former sheets 8 , 9 is constituted by an existing construction, for example, an existing building element, or an existing object, such as rock, ground excavation, etc.
  • the moulding compound is primarily constituted by concrete, but other compounds such as sealing compound, bentonite compound, etc., also fall within the framework of the term.
  • the retainers 4 can comprise, for example, wedges or tension wedges, with or without GeKu ties.
  • At least one of the former sheets 8 , 9 is mounted and prepared for the relevant type of mould 2 in a conventional manner prior to the mounting of the form ties 1 .
  • holes 7 for the ends 5 , 6 of the form ties 1 are not present, holes must be made through the former sheets 8 , 9 .
  • One of the outer end sections 11 , 12 of each form tie 1 is extended through the said holes 7 through the former sheets 8 , 9 such that the support and spacer 14 of the relevant end section 12 is brought into contact with the inner surface 21 at the said former sheet 8 , 9 . If counter-moulding against, for example, an existing wall 9 , is to take place, see FIG.
  • the wall 9 is prepared for this by drilling holes, plugging threads, insulation, etc.
  • the threaded end-section 11 is then screwed as far as the central part 10 into the existing object 9 .
  • the irregularities 13 ′ in the cross-section of the thread thus function both as support and spacer and as stop means in this special case.
  • the armouring that is part of the element that is to be moulded is mounted in the conventional manner before, during or after the arrangement of the form ties 1 .
  • each former sheet 8 , 9 is mounted in the conventional manner for the relevant mould 2 , such that the inner surface 21 of each former sheet 8 , 9 rests against the end surfaces 23 of the supports and spacers 14 , that is, the surface at the ends of the legs 16 , 17 in the embodiment that is shown in FIG. 1.
  • each support and spacer 14 is arranged at a stop means 25 in such a manner that the support and spacer 14 is prevented by the said stop means 25 from being displaced inwards towards the central section 10 .
  • the support and spacer is also welded onto the rod such that a tight connection between them is obtained, whereby an integrated sealing function is at the same time obtained.
  • the mould 2 is dismounted and the outer sections 11 , 12 of the form ties 1 that protrude from the surface of the element are removed at the stop means closest to the freed surface of the element, that is, it is appropriate if they are broken at the stop means 13 that forms a breakage guide 13 ′ exactly at the surface of the wall. In this way, a wall, for example, is created that does not normally require any subsequent cleaning.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
US10/488,648 2001-09-24 2002-09-24 Method and a form tie for producing a wall Abandoned US20040261353A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/986,142 US20080308711A1 (en) 2001-09-24 2007-11-20 Method and a form tie for producing a wall

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0103160A SE522575C2 (sv) 2001-09-24 2001-09-24 Sätt att framställa en mur samt formstag därför
SE0103160-8 2001-09-24
PCT/SE2002/001733 WO2003040494A1 (en) 2001-09-24 2002-09-24 A method and a form tie for producing a wall

Related Child Applications (1)

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US11/986,142 Division US20080308711A1 (en) 2001-09-24 2007-11-20 Method and a form tie for producing a wall

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US20040261353A1 true US20040261353A1 (en) 2004-12-30

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US10/488,648 Abandoned US20040261353A1 (en) 2001-09-24 2002-09-24 Method and a form tie for producing a wall
US11/986,142 Abandoned US20080308711A1 (en) 2001-09-24 2007-11-20 Method and a form tie for producing a wall

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US11/986,142 Abandoned US20080308711A1 (en) 2001-09-24 2007-11-20 Method and a form tie for producing a wall

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US (2) US20040261353A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP1430191B1 (ru)
AT (1) ATE420258T1 (ru)
CA (1) CA2458041C (ru)
DE (1) DE60230780D1 (ru)
ES (1) ES2320863T3 (ru)
RU (1) RU2292432C2 (ru)
SE (1) SE522575C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2003040494A1 (ru)

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MD4161C1 (ru) * 2011-01-10 2012-10-31 Николае Попеску Способ возведения монолитного здания, комплекса монолитных зданий и технологическая оснастка для его осуществления
CN103266767B (zh) * 2013-05-27 2015-06-10 中国航天建设集团有限公司 混凝土结构与填充墙间裂缝防治施工工法
CN113622661B (zh) * 2021-07-16 2022-08-12 中铁三局集团建筑安装工程有限公司 防辐射混凝土孔洞预留型对拉螺栓的施工方法

Citations (19)

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US1109934A (en) * 1912-06-19 1914-09-08 John W Muldoon Form for monolithic walls.
US1293391A (en) * 1917-12-06 1919-02-04 Maurice M Ewing Tie and spacing member for concrete-forms.
US1597424A (en) * 1925-05-20 1926-08-24 Scaffolding Great Britain Ltd Device for spacing, strutting, and clamping in position shuttering forms for the construction of concrete structures
US2034638A (en) * 1933-09-20 1936-03-17 Koppel Ind Car & Equipment Co Tie and spacer for wall forms
US2370174A (en) * 1940-10-26 1945-02-27 Carl A Kinninger Wall form tie
US2838822A (en) * 1956-05-25 1958-06-17 William H Kenney Wall form tie assembly
US3420491A (en) * 1967-10-09 1969-01-07 Symons Mfg Co Tie rod assembly adapted for use in a concrete wall form and including novel elastomeric spacer members
US3482813A (en) * 1966-06-21 1969-12-09 David R Wells Wedge form lock and gang forming system
US3880397A (en) * 1973-07-16 1975-04-29 Becker Inc Bowed tie rod with deformable cone means
US3881684A (en) * 1971-05-10 1975-05-06 Jr Ransom J Daniels Tie rod for concrete forms
US4286796A (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-09-01 Patsy Esposito Hand truck
US4435005A (en) * 1975-09-10 1984-03-06 Berger Industries, Inc. Joint for conduit with single threaded end
US4547004A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-10-15 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Coupling
US4549756A (en) * 1983-05-31 1985-10-29 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Conduit coupling assembly
US4640490A (en) * 1986-03-18 1987-02-03 Wilson T Woodrow Spacer washer for concrete form tie rods
US4805366A (en) * 1987-12-18 1989-02-21 Thermomass Technology, Inc. Snaplock retainer mechanism for insulated wall construction
US5332189A (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-07-26 Tseng Cheng Tzu Fastener of construction moldboard
US5473849A (en) * 1992-05-28 1995-12-12 Materials Technology, Limited Building wall and method of constructing same
US5651910A (en) * 1995-11-02 1997-07-29 Dallas E. Myers Concrete wall form and tie system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE451079B (sv) * 1984-05-30 1987-08-31 Karl Gustaf Hanning Formstag for gjutveggsformar med stang med anhall och stopporgan
CA2034584C (en) * 1991-01-18 1993-01-12 Rock Desilets Plastic plug member for concrete form tie rods

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1109934A (en) * 1912-06-19 1914-09-08 John W Muldoon Form for monolithic walls.
US1293391A (en) * 1917-12-06 1919-02-04 Maurice M Ewing Tie and spacing member for concrete-forms.
US1597424A (en) * 1925-05-20 1926-08-24 Scaffolding Great Britain Ltd Device for spacing, strutting, and clamping in position shuttering forms for the construction of concrete structures
US2034638A (en) * 1933-09-20 1936-03-17 Koppel Ind Car & Equipment Co Tie and spacer for wall forms
US2370174A (en) * 1940-10-26 1945-02-27 Carl A Kinninger Wall form tie
US2838822A (en) * 1956-05-25 1958-06-17 William H Kenney Wall form tie assembly
US3482813A (en) * 1966-06-21 1969-12-09 David R Wells Wedge form lock and gang forming system
US3420491A (en) * 1967-10-09 1969-01-07 Symons Mfg Co Tie rod assembly adapted for use in a concrete wall form and including novel elastomeric spacer members
US3881684A (en) * 1971-05-10 1975-05-06 Jr Ransom J Daniels Tie rod for concrete forms
US3880397A (en) * 1973-07-16 1975-04-29 Becker Inc Bowed tie rod with deformable cone means
US4435005A (en) * 1975-09-10 1984-03-06 Berger Industries, Inc. Joint for conduit with single threaded end
US4286796A (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-09-01 Patsy Esposito Hand truck
US4547004A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-10-15 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Coupling
US4549756A (en) * 1983-05-31 1985-10-29 Allied Tube & Conduit Corporation Conduit coupling assembly
US4640490A (en) * 1986-03-18 1987-02-03 Wilson T Woodrow Spacer washer for concrete form tie rods
US4805366A (en) * 1987-12-18 1989-02-21 Thermomass Technology, Inc. Snaplock retainer mechanism for insulated wall construction
US5473849A (en) * 1992-05-28 1995-12-12 Materials Technology, Limited Building wall and method of constructing same
US5332189A (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-07-26 Tseng Cheng Tzu Fastener of construction moldboard
US5651910A (en) * 1995-11-02 1997-07-29 Dallas E. Myers Concrete wall form and tie system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0103160D0 (sv) 2001-09-24
SE522575C2 (sv) 2004-02-17
RU2004105593A (ru) 2005-07-10
ES2320863T3 (es) 2009-05-29
DE60230780D1 (de) 2009-02-26
RU2292432C2 (ru) 2007-01-27
WO2003040494A1 (en) 2003-05-15
CA2458041C (en) 2010-11-30
ATE420258T1 (de) 2009-01-15
CA2458041A1 (en) 2003-05-15
EP1430191B1 (en) 2009-01-07
EP1430191A1 (en) 2004-06-23
SE0103160L (sv) 2003-03-25
US20080308711A1 (en) 2008-12-18

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