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US20040235496A1 - Local location manager, home location manager and mobile communication system - Google Patents

Local location manager, home location manager and mobile communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040235496A1
US20040235496A1 US10/760,717 US76071704A US2004235496A1 US 20040235496 A1 US20040235496 A1 US 20040235496A1 US 76071704 A US76071704 A US 76071704A US 2004235496 A1 US2004235496 A1 US 2004235496A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
mobile
location manager
information
location
llm
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Abandoned
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US10/760,717
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English (en)
Inventor
Satoshi Hiyama
Toshihiro Suzuki
Masashi Yamashita
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NTT Docomo Inc
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NTT Docomo Inc
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Publication date
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Assigned to NTT DOCOMO, INC. reassignment NTT DOCOMO, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HIYAMA, SATOSHI, SUZUKI, TOSHIHIRO, YAMASHITA, MASASHI
Publication of US20040235496A1 publication Critical patent/US20040235496A1/en
Priority to US11/646,231 priority Critical patent/US7643829B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/02—Arrangements for increasing efficiency of notification or paging channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/04—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like multi-step notification using statistical or historical mobility data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/04—Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H04W8/12—Mobility data transfer between location registers or mobility servers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/005—Moving wireless networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/14—Backbone network devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/18—Service support devices; Network management devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/18—Service support devices; Network management devices
    • H04W88/182—Network node acting on behalf of an other network entity, e.g. proxy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a local location manager, a home location manager and a mobile communication system, and in particular to a location management method in a local location manager, a home location manager and a mobile communication system.
  • each mobile node such as a cellular telephone
  • a location manager in order that the mobile node can receive an inquiry (incoming call/packet) wherever it is.
  • an area for which a mobile communication service is provided is divided in multiple registration areas, and when a mobile node moves from one registration area to another registration area, a location update request, in which a registration area after movement is identified, is sent from the moving node to the mobile network via a base-station apparatus, consuming wireless resources.
  • the registration area of each mobile node, which is stored in the location manager is sequentially updated.
  • Patent Document 1 a mobile communication system is disclosed in which a master-slave relationship is established between a moving body, such as a train, and a mobile node existing in the space of the moving body so that a mobile router installed in the moving body, which is a master, sends a location update request of the mobile nodes, which are slaves, to the mobile network on behalf of the mobile nodes, consuming wireless resources.
  • a mobile node existing in the space of a moving body registers its location with the above mobile router as a virtual base-station apparatus.
  • the mobile router When the moving body moves from one registration area to another registration area, the mobile router sends a location update request to the mobile network via a base-station apparatus. In this way, it is realized that the mobile router sends a location update request on behalf of mobile nodes existing in the space of a moving body.
  • LM location manager
  • LA location area
  • MR mobile router
  • LU location update request
  • the mobile communication system shown in the figure is configured to include: a mobile router MR# 1 performing an LU on behalf of MN's existing in the space of a moving body; mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 , which do not perform an LU when they exist in the same space as the mobile router MR# 1 ; location managers LM# 1 and LM# 2 storing LA information on the MN's and the MR, or information indicating a master-slave relationship between the mobile router and the mobile nodes (hereinafter referred to as master-slave information for short); and an access router (hereinafter referred to as AR for short) which signals an area identification (hereinafter referred to as ArI) to the mobile nodes and the mobile router and retains a correspondence relationship between the ArI and an area address (hereinafter referred to as ArA for short) managed as an LA within a network.
  • a mobile router MR# 1 performing an LU on behalf of MN's existing in the space of a moving body
  • a large area is formed for location managers LM# 1 and LM# 2 . Multiple AR's are included in this area.
  • Each of location areas LA#A, LA#B, LA#C, LA#D, . . . , LA#Z is a set of multiple areas each of which corresponds to each AR.
  • a router or a switch for transferring a signal between AR and LM or between LM and LM.
  • FIG. 16 it is registered with the LM# 1 that the LA for a mobile node with an identification (ID) “MN# 1 ” and a mobile node with an identification (ID) “MN# 2 ” is “MR# 1 ”.
  • the mobile router MR# 1 moves together with a moving body and the LA changes from “LA#A” to “LA#B”, then the mobile router MR# 1 is registered not with the nearest LM# 1 but with the LM# 2 which is fixedly assigned based on an identification (ID) such as a telephone number and an IP address (S 60 ).
  • ID an identification
  • S 60 IP address
  • LLM local location manager
  • HLM home location manager
  • LLM information information on the LLM for the area in which a mobile node exists
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • IS- 41 IS- 41
  • the mobile communication system disclosed in the above published unexamined patent application and the like has a problem that, if location registration is not correctly performed by the MR, which performs an LU of MN's existing in the space of the moving body on behalf of the MN's, due to the communication condition or a failure, it cannot be dealt with.
  • the present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and its object is to provide a local location manager, a home location manager and a mobile communication system in which each MN or MR sends an LU to an LLM nearest to the area where it exists, and thereby, time required for location registration can be reduced, and it is possible to prevent pressure on wireless resources and temporary increase in communication traffic within a mobile network, which may be caused by concentration of LU signals when a group moves as in the case of a train described above; and even if location registration is not correctly performed by a mobile router, which performs a location update request on behalf of mobile nodes existing in the space of a moving body, due to the communication condition or a failure, it can be dealt with.
  • the local location manager according to claim 1 of the present invention is a local location manager for receiving registration of location information sent by a mobile router moving together with a group of mobile nodes in a master-slave relationship on behalf of the group; the location manager comprising: means for updating location information registered with the local location manager; means for sending a deletion request for deleting location information on the mobile router, which has requested registration of location information, to a different local location manager storing the location information on the mobile router; and means for sending an update request for updating local location manager information indicating a correspondence relationship of a mobile router and the mobile nodes with a local location manager.
  • Each mobile node and a mobile router sends a location update request to a local location manager nearest to the area where it exists, so that time required for location registration is reduced, and it is possible to prevent pressure on wireless resources and temporary increase in communication traffic within a mobile network, which may be caused by concentration of location update signals when a group moves as in the case of a train described above.
  • the local location manager according to claim 2 of the present invention is the local location manager according to claim 1 ; wherein the local location manager information is registered with a home location manager provided in association with multiple local location managers and a home location manger is identified based on identifications specific to the mobile router and the mobile nodes. By referring to an identification specific to a mobile router or a mobile node, a home location manager can be easily identified.
  • the local location manager according to claim 3 of the present invention is a local location manager comprising: means for, in response to receiving the deletion request for deleting location information to a different local location manager, notifying the different location manager of registered contents for the mobile nodes in a master-slave relationship with a mobile router registered with the local location manager itself; and means for deleting registered contents of location information and information indicating a master-slave relationship on the mobile router registered with the local location manager itself. This enables location information and information indicating a master-slave relationship to be certainly updated.
  • the local location manager according to claim 4 of the present invention is the local location manager according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ; wherein, when a master-slave relationship is newly generated between the mobile router and a mobile node, it is confirmed whether there is any difference between the location information on the mobile router and location information on the mobile node, and, if there is any difference, the location information on the mobile router is corrected and the master-slave relationship is registered. Thereby, even if location registration is not correctly performed by a mobile router, which performs an LU of mobile nodes existing in the space of a moving body on behalf of the mobile nodes, due to the communication condition or a failure, it can be dealt with.
  • the local location manager according to claim 5 of the present invention is the local location manager according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ; wherein, when the master-slave relationship between the mobile router and a mobile node is released, it is confirmed whether there is any difference between the location information on the mobile router and location information on the mobile node, and, if there is any difference, the location information on the mobile router is corrected and registration of the master-slave relationship is deleted. Thereby, even if location registration is not correctly performed by a mobile router, which performs an LU of mobile nodes existing in the space of a moving body on behalf of the mobile nodes, due to the communication condition or a failure, it can be dealt with.
  • the home location manager according to claim 6 of the present invention is a home location manager for managing local location manager information indicating a correspondence relationship of mobile nodes and a mobile router with a local location manager, with which location information on the mobile nodes and the mobile router are registered; the home location manager comprising: means for, in response to receiving an update request for updating the local location manager information from a local location manager in association with the home location manager itself, updating the local location manager information registered with the home location manager itself; and means for sending registered contents before update to the local location manager which has sent the update request.
  • This enables location information and information indicating a master-slave relationship to be certainly updated.
  • the mobile communication system according to claim 7 of the present invention is a mobile communication system comprising: a first local location manager for receiving registration of location information from a mobile router moving together with a group of mobile nodes in a master-slave relationship on behalf of the group; and a home location manager for managing local location manager information indicating a correspondence relationship of the mobile nodes and the mobile router with the local location manager;
  • the first local location manager comprises: means for updating location information registered with the first local location manager itself; means for sending a deletion request for deleting location information on the mobile router, which has requested registration of location information, to a different location manager storing the location information on the mobile router; and means for sending an update request for updating local location manager information indicating a correspondence relationship of the mobile router and the mobile nodes with the local location manager; and
  • the home location manager comprises: means for, in response to receiving an update request for updating the local location manager information from a local location manager in association with the home location manager itself, updating the local location manager information registered with the home location manager itself; and means for sending registered contents before update to the first local location manager which has sent the update request.
  • Each mobile node and mobile router sends a location update request to a local location manager nearest to the area where it exists, so that time required for location registration is reduced, and it is possible to prevent pressure on wireless resources and temporary increase in communication traffic within a mobile network, which may be caused by concentration of location update signals when a group moves as in the case of a train described above.
  • the mobile communication system according to claim 8 of the present invention is the mobile communication system according to claim 7 ; wherein the local location manager information is registered with a home location manager provided in association with multiple local location managers and a home location manager is identified based on identifications specific to the mobile router and the mobile nodes. By referring to an identification specific to a mobile router or a mobile node, a home location manager can be easily identified.
  • the mobile communication system according to claim 9 of the present invention is the mobile communication system according to claim 7 or 8 ; the mobile communication system further comprising a second local location manager comprising: means for, in response to receiving the deletion request for deleting location information to a different local location manager, notifying the different location manager of registered contents for the mobile nodes in a master-slave relationship with a mobile router registered with the second local location manager itself; and means for deleting registered contents of location information and information indicating a master-slave relationship on the mobile router registered with the second local location manager itself. This enables location information and information indicating a master-slave relationship to be certainly updated.
  • the mobile communication system according to claim 10 of the present invention is the mobile communication system according to any one of claims 7 to 9 ; wherein, when a master-slave relationship is newly generated between the mobile router and a mobile node, the first local location manager confirms whether there is any difference between the location information on the mobile router and location information on the mobile node, and, if there is any difference, corrects the location information on the mobile router and registers the master-slave relationship.
  • the first local location manager confirms whether there is any difference between the location information on the mobile router and location information on the mobile node, and, if there is any difference, corrects the location information on the mobile router and registers the master-slave relationship.
  • the mobile communication system according to claim 11 of the present invention is the mobile communication system according to any one of claims 7 to 9 ; wherein, when the master-slave relationship between the mobile router and a mobile node is released, the first local location manager confirms whether there is any difference between the location information on the mobile router and location information on the mobile node, and, if there is any difference, corrects the location information on the mobile router and deletes registration of the master-slave relationship. Thereby, even if location registration is not correctly performed by a mobile router, which performs an LU of mobile nodes existing in the space of a moving body on behalf of the mobile nodes, due to the communication condition or a failure, it can be dealt with.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a mobile communication system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of a mobile communication system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of registering a master-slave relationship between a mobile router and a mobile node in the mobile communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram showing the operation performed when mobile nodes move together with a mobile router within areas managed by the same LLM in the mobile communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing the operation performed when mobile nodes move together with a mobile router between areas managed by two different LLM's in the mobile communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing the rest of the operation shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram showing the operation performed when a mobile node in a master-slave relationship with a mobile router receives inquiry in the mobile communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing the operation performed when a mobile node leaves a moving body in the mobile communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of a local location manager in the mobile communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows a configuration example of a home location manager in the mobile communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of a mobile communication system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram showing the rest of the operation shown in FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 13 shows a configuration example of a local location manager in the mobile communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of a mobile communication system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 shows a configuration example of a local location manager in the mobile communication system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 shows a configuration of a prior-art mobile communication system.
  • This system provides a procedure for transferring information on a master-slave relationship between an MR and MN's, from an old LLM associated with an area to move from, to a new LLM associated with an area to move to, and a procedure for updating a table within an HLM which stores information on the LLM for the area in which the MN's and the MR exist. Description will be also made on variation examples after describing the configuration and the operation of this system.
  • this system is configured to include a mobile router MR# 1 representing an LU of MN's existing in the space of a moving body; mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 , which do not perform an LU when they exist in the same space as the mobile router MR# 1 ; a home location manager HLM# 1 storing LLM information, information on the LLM for the area in which these mobile nodes and the mobile router MR# 1 exist; local location managers LLM# 1 , LLM# 2 and LLM# 3 storing LA information on the MN's and the MR or master-slave relationship information indicating a master-slave relationship between the mobile router and the mobile nodes; and AR's for signaling ArI's to the mobile nodes and the mobile router and retaining correspondence relationships between the ArI's and an ArA's managed as an LA's within the network.
  • a mobile router MR# 1 representing an LU of MN's existing in the space of a moving body
  • a small area is formed for each of the local location managers LLM# 1 , LLM# 2 and LLM# 3 .
  • Each area includes one or more AR's.
  • Each of location areas LA#A, LA#B, LA#C, LA#D, . . . , LA#Z is a set of multiple areas each of which corresponds to each of AR's.
  • the LLM# 1 and the HLM# 1 are provided with tables TL and TH, respectively, with which location information are registered.
  • the LLM# 2 and the LLM# 3 are assumed to be similarly provided with a table.
  • a router or a switch for transferring a signal between AR and an LLM, between LLM and HLM and between LLM and LLM.
  • the MR# 1 notifying the nearest LLM# 1 of a location update request on behalf of the MN# 1 and the MN# 2 (S 61 ).
  • the HLM# 1 it has been registered with the HLM# 1 that a mobile node with an identification (ID) “MN# 1 ”, a mobile node with an identification (ID) “MN# 2 ” and a mobile router with an identification (ID) “MR# 1 ” exist in the area under the management of “LLM# 1 ” (S 62 ).
  • the location manager LLM# 1 notifies the location manager LLM# 2 of the identifications (ID's) and the LA's of the MN# 1 and the MN# 2 which are dependent on the MR# 1 (S 707 ). The location manager LLM# 1 then deletes the registered contents (S 708 ). It is registered with the location manager LLM# 2 that the LA's of both identifications (ID's) “MN# 1 ” and “MN# 2 ” are “MR# 1 ”, that is, the mobile router MR# 1 and the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 are in a master-slave relation (S 709 ).
  • FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram showing the registration operation to cause the mobile node MN# 2 to be dependent on the mobile router MR# 1 , that is, the operation of registering a master-slave relationship.
  • the figure shows the operations performed by the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 , the mobile router MR# 1 , an access router AR, the LLM# 1 , the LLM# 2 and the HLM# 1 .
  • the mobile node MN# 1 is already in a moving body and dependent on the mobile router MR# 1 .
  • the MN# 2 exists in the LA#A, and the MR# 1 also exists in the LA#A. Accordingly, it has been registered with the LLM# 1 that the LA of the identification (ID) “MN# 1 ” is “MR# 1 ”, the LA of the identification (ID) “MN# 2 ” is “LA#A”, and the LA of the identification (ID) “MR# 1 ” is “LA#A” (S 101 a ).
  • the registered contents indicate that the mobile router MR# 1 is in a master-slave relationship with the mobile node MN# 1 , but not with the MN# 2 .
  • the mobile node MN# 1 is already in the moving body (S 103 a ).
  • the mobile node MN# 2 is a node which has just got on the moving body (S 103 b ).
  • advertisement indicating that the ArI is “MR# 1 ” is sent by the mobile router MR# 1 to all the mobile nodes within the moving network (S 104 ).
  • the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 receive the advertisement.
  • the mobile node MN# 2 detects that it has got on a moving body because the ArI has changed (S 105 )
  • the mobile node MN# 2 then sends a location update request to the mobile router MR# 1 (S 106 ).
  • the location update request includes its own identification IPha (“MR# 2 ”) and an ArI corresponding to “MR# 1 ”.
  • the mobile router MR# 1 sends the location update request directly to the access router AR (S 107 ) Receiving this request, the access router AR derives and sets an ArA from the ArI information and sends the location update request to the nearest LLM# 1 (S 108 ).
  • the LLM# 1 registers the master-slave relationship between the mobile router MR# 1 and the MN# 2 (S 109 ). Accordingly, in the LLM# 1 , the LA of the identification (ID) “MN# 2 ” is updated from “LA#A” to “MR# 1 ”.
  • the LLM# 1 then returns a response to the MN# 2 via the access router AR and the mobile router MR# 1 (S 110 , S 111 and S 112 ). Accordingly, the new ArI is stored in the mobile node MN# 2 (S 113 ).
  • FIG. 4 is a sequence showing the operation performed when the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 move into the LA#B in dependence on the mobile router MR# 1 .
  • the figure shows the operations performed by the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 , the mobile router MR# 1 , the access router AR, the LLM# 1 , the LLM# 2 and the HLM# 1 .
  • the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 are both already in the moving body (S 202 a and S 202 b ).
  • an advertisement indicating that the ArI is “MR# 1 ” is sent by the mobile router MR# 1 to all the mobile nodes within the moving network (S 203 ).
  • the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 receive the advertisement.
  • the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 and the mobile router MR# 1 move between LAs managed by the same LLM (not between areas managed by different LLM's) (S 204 a , S 204 b and S 204 c ), then the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 and the mobile router MR# 1 receive advertisement indicating that the ArI is “LA#B”, from the access router AR (S 205 ). Accordingly, the mobile router MR# 1 detects that the ArI has changed (S 206 ) In this case, the MN# 1 and the MN# 2 , which can receive the advertisement from the MR# 1 , ignore the advertisement from the access router AR.
  • the mobile router MR# 1 representing the group including the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 , sends a location update request for updating its own location information to the nearest LLM# 1 to the access router AR (S 207 ).
  • This location update request includes the mobile router's own identification IPha (“MR# 1 ”) and the ArI corresponding to “LA#B”.
  • the access router AR derives and sets an ArA (LA#B, in this case) from the ArI information and sends the location update request to the LLM# 1 (S 208 ).
  • the LLM# 1 updates the LA of the mobile router MR# 1 with “LA#B” (S 209 ). After the registration, the LLM# 1 returns a location update response to the access router AR (S 210 ) Receiving this response, the access router AR returns the location update response to the mobile router MR# 1 (S 211 ). Receiving this location update response, the mobile router MR# 1 stores the new ArI (S 212 ) (Operation performed in the case of moving between areas managed by different LLM's)
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are sequence diagrams showing the operation performed when the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 move from the LA#B into the LA#C in dependence on the mobile router MR# 1 .
  • the figures show the operations performed by the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 , the mobile router MR# 1 , the access router AR, the LLM# 1 , the LLM# 2 and the HLM# 1 .
  • the mobile node MN# 1 exists in the moving network (S 801 a ), and the mobile node MN# 2 also exists in the moving network (S 801 b ).
  • the mobile router MR# 1 representing the group including the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 , sends a location update request for updating its own location information to the nearest LLM# 2 (S 806 ).
  • This location registration includes the mobile router's own identification IPha (“MR# 1 ”) and the ArI corresponding to “LA#C”.
  • the access router AR derives and sets an ArA (LA#C, in this case) from the ArI information and sends the location update request to the LLM# 2 (S 807 ).
  • the LLM# 2 updates the LA of the mobile router MR# 1 with “LA#C” (S 808 ). After the registration, the LLM# 2 returns a location update response to the access router AR (S 809 ). Receiving this response, the access router AR returns the location update response to the mobile router MR# 1 (S 810 ). Receiving this location update response, the mobile router MR# 1 , stores the new ArI (S 811 ).
  • the LLM# 2 When the registration is updated (S 808 ), the LLM# 2 recognizes it to be not update of the existing LA information but new registration. Therefore, the LLM# 2 detects change of the LLM (S 812 ) and identifies the HLM# 1 managing the mobile router MR# 1 using the identification (IPha), which is a specific address assigned to the mobile router MR# 1 requesting registration, as a key (S 813 ). The LLM# 2 then sends an update request for updating LLM information on a location manager to manage the mobile router MR# 1 , to the identified HLM# 1 (S 814 ).
  • IPha a specific address assigned to the mobile router MR# 1 requesting registration
  • the HLM# 1 changes the LLM information on the mobile router MR# 1 from “LLM# 1 ” to “LLM# 2 ” (S 815 ), and the HLM#L returns the LLM information before update (LLM# 1 ) to the LLM# 2 as an update response (S 816 ).
  • the LLM# 2 by receiving the update response from the HLM# 1 , can identify the prior local location manager LLM# 1 .
  • the LLM# 2 then sends a deletion request to the LLM# 1 in order to delete information on the mobile router MR# 1 stored in the prior local location manager LLM# 1 (S 901 ).
  • the LLM# 1 searches its table and deletes “LA#B” registered as information on the LA in which the mobile router MR# 1 existed (S 902 ) In this case, the LLM# 1 also detects that the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 are dependent on the mobile router MR# 1 and that their LLM information has been changed (S 903 ).
  • the LLM# 1 after returning a response to the effect that the information on the LA for the mobile router MR# 1 has been deleted to the LLM# 2 which has sent the deletion request (S 904 ), sends a registration request for registering a master-slave relation between the mobile router MR# 1 and the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 to the LLM# 2 (S 905 ).
  • the LLM# 2 registers the mobile router MR# 1 as the LA of the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 (S 906 ). That is, a master-slave relationship between the mobile router MR# 1 and the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 is registered.
  • the LLM# 2 recognizes the update of the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 to be new registration (S 907 ), and identifies the HLM# 1 managing each of the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 using a key as the IPha specific to each of them (S 908 ). The LLM# 2 then sends a signal for updating LLM information on an LLM to manage the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 to the identified HLM# 1 (S 909 ).
  • the HLM# 1 updates the LLM information on both of the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 from “LLM# 1 ” to “LLM# 2 ” (S 910 ). After that, the HLM# 1 returns the LLM information before update (LLM# 1 ) to the LLM# 2 as an update response (S 911 ). Receiving this update response, the LLM# 2 sends a signal to the prior local location manager LLM# 1 to delete information on the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 (S 912 ). Receiving this deletion request, the LLM# 1 searches its table and deletes the information on the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 .
  • the “MR# 1 ” which has been registered as the LA of the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 is deleted then, and there is no registered information (S 913 ). Finally, the LLM# 1 returns a deletion response to the LLM# 2 (S 914 ), and the process ends.
  • FIG. 7 The figure is a sequence diagram showing the operation when the MN# 2 dependent on the mobile router MR# 1 receives an inquiry.
  • the figure also shows a home routing manager (hereinafter referred to as HRM) HRM# 1 for managing routing information on an MN in communication.
  • HRM home routing manager
  • the mobile node MN# 1 exists in the moving network (S 302 a ), and the mobile node MN# 2 also exists in the moving network (S 302 b ).
  • Advertisement indicating that the ArI is “MR# 1 ” is sent by the mobile router MR# 1 to all the mobile nodes within the moving network (that is, the MN# 1 and the MN# 2 ) (S 303 ).
  • the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 and the mobile router MR# 1 receive an advertisement indicating that the ArI is “LA#C” from the AR (S 304 ).
  • the HRM# 1 sends a paging request (S 306 ) This paging request is inputted into all the access routers AR's responsible for the LA#C via the HLM# 1 and the LLM# 2 (S 306 , S 307 and S 308 ).
  • the access routers AR's perform simultaneous paging, and the mobile router MR# 1 , by receiving the simultaneous paging, also performs simultaneous paging for all the MN's within the moving network (S 309 ).
  • the mobile node MN# 2 sends a response to the paging
  • the response is inputted in the HRM# 1 via the mobile router MR# 1 , the access router AR, the LLM# 2 , the HLM# 1 (S 310 , S 311 , S 312 , S 313 and S 314 ), and the AR for the area in which the MN# 2 exists is identified.
  • the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 2 and the mobile router MR# 1 have received an advertisement indicating that the ArI is “LA#C”, from the AR (S 402 ).
  • an advertisement indicating that the ArI is “MR# 1 ” is sent by the mobile router MR# 1 to all the mobile nodes within the moving network (S 404 ).
  • the advertisement is received by the mobile node MN# 1 but is not received by the mobile node MN# 2 which has left the moving body, it is detected that the mobile node MN# 2 has left the moving body (S 405 ).
  • the mobile node MN# 2 then sends a location update request to the access router AR (S 406 ).
  • the location update request includes its own identification IPha (“MN# 2 ”) and the ArI corresponding to “LA#C”. Receiving this request, the access router AR derives and sets an ArA from the ArI information and sends the location update request to the nearest LLM# 2 (S 407 ).
  • the LLM# 2 releases the master-slave relationship between the mobile router MR# 1 and the MN# 2 , that is, registers “LA#C” as the LA of the MN# 2 (S 408 ).
  • the LLM# 2 then returns a response to the MN# 2 via the access router AR (S 409 and S 410 ). Accordingly, a new ArI is stored in the mobile node MN# 2 (S 411 ).
  • the LLM is provided with the following functions. That is, the LLM is an apparatus for receiving registration of location information performed by a mobile router, which moves together with a group of mobile nodes in a master-slave relationship with the group, on behalf of the group. And, as shown in FIG.
  • an update function L 1 for updating location information registered with the LLM itself
  • a deletion request sending function L 2 for sending a deletion request for deleting location information on the mobile router which has requested registration of location information, to a different LLM storing the location information
  • an update request sending function L 3 for sending an update request for updating LLM information indicating a correspondence relationship of the mobile router and the mobile nodes with a local location manager
  • a signal sending/receiving portion L 0 which form an interface for sending and receiving signals between portions in the LLM itself and portions in external devices such as an AR and an HLM.
  • the above-mentioned LLM information is registered with an HLM provided in association with multiple LLM's, and the HLM is identified based on an identification specific to a mobile router and mobile nodes.
  • the TL in the figure is a table used for registering and retaining location information.
  • the prior LLM includes: a notification function L 4 for, in response to receiving a deletion request for deleting location information which is destined to a different LLM, notifying the different LLM of the registered contents for a mobile node, which is in a master-slave relationship with a mobile router registered with the LLM itself; a deletion function L 5 for deleting registered contents of location information and information indicating the master-slave relationship, on the mobile router registered with the LLM itself; and a simultaneous paging function L 6 for performing simultaneous paging.
  • a notification function L 4 for, in response to receiving a deletion request for deleting location information which is destined to a different LLM, notifying the different LLM of the registered contents for a mobile node, which is in a master-slave relationship with a mobile router registered with the LLM itself
  • a deletion function L 5 for deleting registered contents of location information and information indicating the master-slave relationship, on the mobile router registered with the LLM itself
  • a simultaneous paging function L 6 for performing simultaneous
  • the HLM is an apparatus for managing LLM information indicating a correspondence relationship of mobile nodes and a mobile router with a local location manager with which their location information is registered, and as shown in FIG. 10, it is configured to include: an LLM information updating function H 1 for, in response to receiving an update request for updating LLM information from an LLM associated with the HLM itself, updating the LLM information registered with the HLM itself; an LLM information sending function H 2 for sending registered contents before the update by the LLM information updating function H 1 , to the LLM which has sent the update request; a paging request sending function H 3 for sending a paging request to request simultaneous paging to LLM'S; and a signal sending/receiving portion HO forming an interface for sending/receiving signals between portions in external apparatuses such as an LLM and portions in the HLM itself.
  • the TH in the figure is a table used for registering and retaining LLM information.
  • each mobile node and mobile router can send an LU to an LLM nearest to the area in which it exists. Thereby, time required for location registration can be reduced, and it is possible to prevent pressure on wireless resources and temporary increase in communication traffic within a mobile network, which may be caused by concentration of LU signals when a group moves as in the case of a train described above.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are sequence diagrams showing a sequence of operations of a mobile communication system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the figures show the operations performed by the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 3 , the mobile router MR# 1 , the access router AR, the LLM# 1 , the LLM# 2 and the HLM# 1 .
  • the configuration in the figures corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1.
  • a mobile node which has newly got on a moving body, recognizes that it has got on the moving body by receiving an area identification signaled by a mobile router installed in the moving body, and it registers a master-slave relationship with the mobile router with the nearest local location manager via the mobile router and an access router.
  • FIG. 11 it has been registered with the LLM# 1 that the LA of the identification (ID) “MN# 1 ” is “MR# 1 ” and the LA of the identification (ID) “MR# 1 ” is “LA#B” (S 1001 a ). It has been registered with the LLM# 2 that the LA of the identification (ID) “MN# 3 ” is “LA#C” (S 1001 b ). It has been registered with the HLM# 1 that the LA's of both identifications (ID's) “MN# 1 ” and “MR# 1 ” are “LLM# 1 ” and that the LA of the identification (ID) “MR# 3 ” is “LLM# 2 ” (S 1001 c ).
  • the mobile node MN# 1 has been in the moving body (S 1003 a ).
  • the moving body is now in the LA#C, but it is assumed that location registration was not correctly performed by the mobile router MR# 1 due to the communication condition or a failure of the LU signal sending function when the moving body moved from the LA#B into LA#C.
  • the mobile node MN# 3 is a node which has just got on the moving body (S 1003 b ).
  • an advertisement indicating that the ArI is “MR# 1 ” is sent by the mobile router MR# 1 to all the mobile nodes within the moving network (S 1004 ).
  • the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 3 receive the advertisement.
  • the mobile node MN# 3 can detect that it has got on the moving body because the ArI has changed (S 1005 ).
  • the mobile node MN# 3 then sends a location update request to the mobile router MR# 1 (S 1006 ).
  • the location update request includes the its own identification IPha (“MR# 3 ”) and the ArI corresponding to “MR# 1 ”.
  • the mobile router MR# 1 sends the location update request directly to the access router AR (S 1007 ). Receiving this request, the access router AR derives and sets an ArA from the ArI information and sends the location update request to the nearest LLM# 2 (S 1008 ).
  • the LLM# 2 receives the location update request from the mobile node MN# 3 , the LLM# 2 compares LA information on the mobile router MR# 1 and LA information on the MN# 3 when registering a master-slave relationship between the mobile router MR# 1 and the MN# 3 (S 1009 ). There should be registered LA#C as LA information on the mobile router MR# 1 in the LLM# 2 , which has received a registration signal, and therefore the comparison result should show correspondence between the two pieces of information. However, in this example, the information on the MR# 1 does not exist itself, so that the comparison result does not show correspondence, and an error is detected (S 1010 ).
  • the LLM# 2 registers a master-slave relationship between the mobile router MR# 1 and the mobile node MN# 3 , and “LA#C” for the MR# 1 (S 1011 ). That is, it is registered with the LLM# 2 that the LA of the identification (ID) “MN# 3 ” is “MR# 1 ” and that the LA of the identification (ID) “MR# 1 ” is “LA#C”.
  • the LLM# 2 then returns a response to the MN# 3 via the access router AR and the mobile router MR# 1 (S 1012 , S 1013 and S 1014 ). Accordingly, a new ArI is stored in the mobile node MN# 3 (S 1015 ).
  • the LLM# 2 then sends an update request for updating LLM information of an LLM to manage the mobile router MR# 1 , to the HLM# 1 to manage the mobile router MR# 1 (S 1016 ).
  • the HLM# 1 changes the LLM information on the mobile router MR# 1 from “LLM# 1 ” to “LLM# 2 ” (S 1017 ).
  • the HLM# 1 returns the LLM information before update (LLM# 1 ) to the LLM# 2 as an update response (S 1018 ).
  • the LLM# 2 can identify the prior local location manager LLM# 1 by receiving the update response from the HLM# 1 .
  • the LLM# 2 then sends a request for deleting the LA for the mobile router MR# 1 to the LLM# 1 in order to delete information on the mobile router MR# 1 stored in the prior local location manager LLM# 1 (S 1101 ).
  • the LLM# 1 searches its table and deletes “LA#B” registered as information on the LA in which the MR# 1 existed (S 1102 ). In this case, the LLM# 1 also detects that the MN# 1 is dependent on the mobile router MR# 1 and that its LLM information has been changed (S 1103 ). After returning a response to the effect that the information on the LA of the MR# 1 has been deleted to the LLM# 2 , which has sent the deletion request (S 1104 ), the LLM# 1 sends a registration request for registering a master-slave relation between the mobile router MR# 1 and the MN# 1 to the LLM# 2 (S 1105 ).
  • the LLM# 2 registers the mobile router MR# 1 as the LA of the MN# 1 (S 1106 ). That is, there is registered a master-slave relationship between the MR# 1 and the MN# 1 .
  • the LLM# 2 recognizes that the update of the MN# 1 to be new registration (S 1107 ), and identifies the HLM# 1 managing the MN# 1 using a key as the IPha specific to the MN# 1 (S 1108 ). The LLM# 2 then sends a signal for updating LLM information on an LLM to manage the MN# 1 to the identified HLM# 1 (S 1109 ).
  • the HLM# 1 updates the LLM information on the MN# 1 from “LLM# 1 ” to “LLM# 2 ” (S 1110 ). After that, the HLM# 1 returns the LLM information before update (LLM# 1 ) to the LLM# 2 as an update response (S 1111 ). Receiving this update response, the LLM# 2 sends a signal to the prior local location manager LLM# 1 to delete the information on the MN# 1 (S 1112 ). Receiving this deletion request, the LLM# 1 searches its table and deletes the information on the MN# 1 . The “MR# 1 ” registered as the LA of the MN# 1 is deleted then, and there is no registered information (S 1113 ). Finally, the LLM# 1 returns a deletion response to the LLM# 2 (S 1114 ), and the process ends.
  • the LLM is provided with the following functions in addition to the functions shown in FIG. 9 (the first embodiment). That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the LLM is provided with a difference confirmation function L 7 for confirming whether or not there is any difference between location information on a mobile router and location information on a mobile node when a master-slave relationship is newly established; a location information correction function L 8 for correcting the location information on the mobile router when there is any difference between the location information; and a master-slave relationship registration function L 9 for registering the master-slave relationship.
  • a mobile router which performs an LU of mobile nodes existing in the space of a moving body on behalf of the mobile nodes, due to the communication condition or a failure, it can be dealt with.
  • FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing a sequence of operations of a mobile communication system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the figure shows the operations performed by the mobile nodes MN# 1 and MN# 3 , the mobile router MR# 1 , the access router AR, the LLM# 1 , the LLM# 2 and the HLM# 1 .
  • the configuration in the figures corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1.
  • a mobile node which has left a moving body, recognizes that it has left the moving body by not receiving an area identification signaled by a mobile router installed in the moving body, and it releases a master-slave relationship with the mobile router in the nearest local location manager via an access router.
  • the mobile node MN# 1 has been in the moving body (S 1203 a ).
  • the moving body is now in the LA#D, but it is assumed that location registration was not correctly performed by the MR# 1 due to the communication condition or a failure of the LU signal sending function when the moving body moved from the LA#C into LA#D.
  • the mobile node MN# 3 is a node which is leaving the moving body (S 1203 b ).
  • an advertisement indicating that the ArI is “MR# 1 ” sent by the mobile router MR# 1 to all the mobile nodes within the moving network (S 1204 ).
  • the advertisement since the advertisement is received by the mobile node MN# 1 but is not received by the mobile node MN# 3 , which has left the moving body, it can be detected that the mobile node MN# 3 has left the moving body (S 1205 ).
  • the mobile node MN# 3 then sends a location update request to the access router AR (S 1206 ).
  • the location update request includes its own identification IPha (“MN# 3 ”) and the ArI corresponding to “LA#D”.
  • MN# 3 its own identification IPha
  • LA#D the ArI corresponding to “LA#D”.
  • the access router AR derives and sets an ArA from the ArI information and sends the location update request to the nearest LLM# 2 (S 1207 ).
  • the LLM# 2 compares LA information on the mobile router MR# 1 and LA information on the MN# 3 when releasing the master-slave relationship between the mobile router MR# 1 and the mobile node MN# 3 (S 1208 ). There should be registered LD#D as LA information on the mobile router MR# 1 in the LLM# 2 , and therefore the comparison result should show correspondence between the two pieces of information. However, in this example, the LA information on the mobile router MR# 1 is LA#C, and an error is detected (S 1209 ).
  • the LLM# 2 releases the master-slave relationship between the mobile router MR# 1 and the MN# 3 , and registers “LA#D” as an LA for the MR# 1 (S 1210 ). That is, it is registered with the LLM# 2 that the LA's of the identifications (ID's) “MN# 3 ” and the LA of “MR# 1 ” is “LA#D” and that the LA of the identification (ID) “MN# 1 ” is “MR# 1 ”.
  • the LLM# 2 then returns a response to the MN# 3 via the access router AR (S 1211 and S 1212 ). Accordingly, a new ArI is stored in the mobile node MN# 3 (S 1213 ).
  • the LLM is provided with the following functions in addition to the functions shown in FIG. 9 (the first embodiment). That is, as shown in FIG. 15, the LLM is provided with a difference confirmation function L 10 for confirming whether or not there is any difference between location information on a mobile router and location information on a mobile node when the master-slave relationship between the mobile router and the mobile node is released; a location information correction function L 11 for correcting the location information on the mobile router when there is any difference between the location information; and a master-slave relationship deletion function L 12 for deleting the master-slave relationship.
  • a difference confirmation function L 10 for confirming whether or not there is any difference between location information on a mobile router and location information on a mobile node when the master-slave relationship between the mobile router and the mobile node is released
  • a location information correction function L 11 for correcting the location information on the mobile router when there is any difference between the location information
  • a master-slave relationship deletion function L 12 for deleting the master-slave relationship.
  • the difference confirmation function L 7 , the location information correction function L 8 and the master-slave relationship registration function L 9 shown in FIG. 13 may be added to the configuration of the third embodiment described above.
  • the LLM# 2 identifies the LLM# 1 from the prior LLM information included in the update response from the HLM# 1 , and deletes the information for the MR# 1 and all the MN's dependent on the MR# 1 at a time.
  • (C-2) Sending of the location update response signal from the LLM# 2 to the MR# 1 in FIG. 5 may be performed after the operation sequence in FIG. 6 has completely ended.
  • the HLM# 1 notifies the LLM# 2 of the prior LLM information (LLM# 1 ) so that the LLM# 2 sends a request for deleting information on the MR# 1 to the LLM# 1 .
  • the HLM# 1 may direct the LLM# 1 to delete information on the MR# 1 and to transfer information on the master-slave relationship between the MR# 1 and the MN's to LLM# 2 .
  • each mobile node and mobile router sends a location update request to a local location manager near to the area in which it exists.
  • time required for location registration can be reduced, and it is possible to prevent pressure on wireless resources and temporary increase in communication traffic within a mobile network, which may be caused by concentration of location update signals when a group moves as in the case of a train described above.
  • location registration is not correctly performed by a mobile router, which performs a location update request on behalf of mobile nodes existing in the space of a moving body, due to the communication condition or a failure, it can be dealt with.

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CN100385990C (zh) 2008-04-30
EP1460869A1 (en) 2004-09-22
US20070105556A1 (en) 2007-05-10
EP1460869B1 (en) 2006-04-19
CN1518392A (zh) 2004-08-04
US7643829B2 (en) 2010-01-05
DE602004000659D1 (de) 2006-05-24
JP2004229078A (ja) 2004-08-12

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