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US2003167A - Apparatus for fusing powdered materials - Google Patents

Apparatus for fusing powdered materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US2003167A
US2003167A US507709A US50770931A US2003167A US 2003167 A US2003167 A US 2003167A US 507709 A US507709 A US 507709A US 50770931 A US50770931 A US 50770931A US 2003167 A US2003167 A US 2003167A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
torch
electrodes
powdered
jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US507709A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter P Alexander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US507709A priority Critical patent/US2003167A/en
Priority to FR729381D priority patent/FR729381A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2003167A publication Critical patent/US2003167A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying

Definitions

  • H is Attorn ey.
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for fusing powdered materials to a relatively soft foundation metal such as steel or iron.
  • a powdered hard metal composition for example a mixture of tungstenoarbide and cobalt heated to an elevated temperature, on to steel.
  • the powdered materials are heated by radiation from a carbon heater.
  • the heat radiated by the heater of the prior disclosure may not be sufiiciently intense to accomplish the desired result.
  • FIG. 1 a metal or other suitable framework, on which the apparatus employed in carrying out my invention may be mounted.
  • a gas are torch 2 is mounted adjacent the base of the framework I.
  • the torch ordinarily comprises three adjustable tungsten electrodes, two of which, I and l, are indicated on the drawing; The electrodes are connected to a source of alternating current supply through a cable 5.
  • a capillary or small bore conduit or tube 6 having an outside diameter of about of an inch and an inside diameter of about 20 mils is centrally disposed with respect to the torch electrodes. Tube is enlarged slightly at point 1.
  • Anasbestosshieldl ispositionedonthecasingladiaeentthelower end thereof and is secured tberetoby a suitable '1931, Serial No. 507,709
  • conduit ll similar to conduit 6 and in alignment therewith, is connected to the upper end of the enlargement 1.
  • the flow of gas issuing from the nozzle of the torch 2 consists of two distinct streams.
  • the inner one issues from the tube 6 and consists of a. narrow high velocity gas stream l2 which passes through the arc.
  • This stream comprises super;- heated gas which transmits the necessary energy 10 from the arc to the glazed or fused surface.
  • the narrow stream of gas carries the particles of powdered materials which are to be fused or glazed to a foundation metal.
  • Pipe I3 is connected through a valve I4 to a gas supply pipe l5.
  • Pipe I3 is connected to the tube II at the upper end thereof.
  • a mercury gage It indicates the gas pressure in thepipe l3.
  • the second jet of gas issuing from the torch 2o nozzle is a low velocity jet I! which completely surrounds the high velocity jet [2 and the piece to be glazed.
  • the purpose of the low velocity jet is. to provide a shielding atmosphere for the torch electrodes, the central high velocity gas jet and the surface to be glazed.
  • the gas for the low velocity jet is supplied through a pipe l8 which is connected at one end thereof to the gas supply pipe l5 through a valve IS.
  • the other end of the pipe I8 is connected to the inside of the torch nozzle so that .the low velocity gas completely fills the space inside the torch nozzle and around the torch electrodes.
  • a receptacle 20, adapted to contain the powdered materials to be deposited and fused or glazed to a foundation metal is mounted on the framework l and at the upper end of tube ll.
  • Receptacle 20. is similar in construction to an ordinary sight feed oil cup.
  • This feed valve of course can be of any other design which accomplishes the same purpose, that is, the fine regulation of the amount of powdered material supplied to the tubes H and 6.
  • An electrically operated vibrator 22 is positioned on the framework I and connected to the upper end of the tube II to vibrate the latter and thereby prevent the powdered material from adhering to and becoming packed in the tube.
  • a pipe 13 connects receptacle 2
  • Pipe 23 is connected to pipe l3 through a valve 25 ,so that a desired gas pressure may be maintained above the powdered materials in receptacle 20.
  • An open ended pipe 26 having a valve 21 mounted therein is connected to pipe 23. Before starting operations it is sometimes desirable to blow out the receptacle and the gas pipe 23. This may be accomplished by opening valves 27 and for a short time.
  • receptacle 20 is filled with powdered materials, for example a mixture consisting of about 87 parts tungsten carbide and 13 parts cobalt.
  • a steel block or other material 28 tobe surfaced with the material in receptacle 20- is positioned on fire bricks 29 mounted at the lower end of the framework l and the gas are torch 2 placed a suitable distance above the steel block 28.
  • the torch electrodes are then adjusted so that their terminals approach within arcing distance of one another.
  • Vibrator 22 is set in motion and valves l4 and I9 opened to supply hydrogen gas to the torch. An arc is then struck between the torch electrodes. Screw one-half to 65-lbs. per square inch, according to the size ofthe jet and the current in the arc and has suiiicient velocity to draw the superheated gases into a narrow, long intense jet.
  • the powdered material fed through pipe H- and emerging from tube 6 is not melted before it reaches the steel block 28- but is deposited in a powdered condition and then fused thereon.
  • the fused deposit may be forged and its homogeneity thereby materially improved. Forging moreover substantially eliminates any voids which may be present in thedeposited material.
  • the powdered material may, if desired, be placed on the material to be coated and the torch then applied to the powdered material to fuse it to the foundation metal.
  • the deposition and glazing of the powdered materials onto the foundation metal 28. may be carried out continuously or intermittently. If a large surface is to be coated, it is desirable to continuously glaze the surface. However, for glazing small pieces of metal such as the edges of cutting tools, it is preferable in the interests of accuracy and economy to deposit the metalintermittently on the tool edge.
  • the metal 28 may be moved in a horizontal direction under the gas torch in order that any portion of the surface of the metal may be coated. .
  • the foundation metal may also be adjusted in a vertical direction.
  • a gas are torch comprising a casing, a plurality oi electrodes adjustably positioned relative to one another in said casing, a conduit positioned in said casing to direct a blast of gas between the arcing terminals of said electrodes, means for supplying gas and a powdered composition to said conduit, and means for vibrating said conduit.
  • a gas are torch comprising a casing, a plurality of electrodes adjustably positioned to one another in said casing, a capillary conduit positioned in said casing and arranged to direct a blast .of gas between the arcin; terminals of said electrodes to thereby produce a narrow superheated jet of gas, means for supplying powdered material and gas to said conduit, means for vibrating said conduit, and
  • a gas are torch comprising a casing, a plurality of electrodes adjustably positioned relative to one another in said casing, a conduit positioned in said casing to direct a blast of gas between the arcing terminals 01' said electrodes to thereby produce a long narrow gas jet, means whereby a shielding atmosphere may surround said jet, and means7ior supplying powdered material to said jet.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
US507709A 1931-01-09 1931-01-09 Apparatus for fusing powdered materials Expired - Lifetime US2003167A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US507709A US2003167A (en) 1931-01-09 1931-01-09 Apparatus for fusing powdered materials
FR729381D FR729381A (fr) 1931-01-09 1932-01-08 Procédé et appareil pour la fusion et le dépôt de matières pulvérulentes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US507709A US2003167A (en) 1931-01-09 1931-01-09 Apparatus for fusing powdered materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2003167A true US2003167A (en) 1935-05-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US507709A Expired - Lifetime US2003167A (en) 1931-01-09 1931-01-09 Apparatus for fusing powdered materials

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2003167A (fr)
FR (1) FR729381A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2418200A (en) * 1939-07-20 1947-04-01 Linde Air Prod Co Mineral working apparatus
US2602871A (en) * 1950-09-19 1952-07-08 Robert A Noland Nickel welding
US2768279A (en) * 1955-01-18 1956-10-23 William A Mcdonald Electric arc torch apparatus
US2851581A (en) * 1954-04-06 1958-09-09 Gen Electric Arc welding method and apparatus
US2920181A (en) * 1956-05-04 1960-01-05 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc deoxidized metal deposition
US2947847A (en) * 1955-01-14 1960-08-02 Union Carbide Corp Shielded metal arc welding process
US2948803A (en) * 1956-05-04 1960-08-09 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc high-alloy metal deposition
US3023301A (en) * 1956-03-05 1962-02-27 Union Carbide Corp Silica-free welding flux
EP0051869A1 (fr) * 1980-11-08 1982-05-19 Metallisation Limited Procédés de projection de revêtements métalliques et dispositifs pour leur excécution
EP0127303A1 (fr) * 1983-04-25 1984-12-05 National Research Development Corporation Production d'un jet dirigé par atomisation d'un métal fondu
EP0911425A1 (fr) * 1997-10-27 1999-04-28 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour l'enduction de surfaces
US20170014864A1 (en) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-19 Caterpillar Inc. Abrasion Resistant Material Tandem Welding

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2418200A (en) * 1939-07-20 1947-04-01 Linde Air Prod Co Mineral working apparatus
US2602871A (en) * 1950-09-19 1952-07-08 Robert A Noland Nickel welding
US2851581A (en) * 1954-04-06 1958-09-09 Gen Electric Arc welding method and apparatus
US2947847A (en) * 1955-01-14 1960-08-02 Union Carbide Corp Shielded metal arc welding process
US2768279A (en) * 1955-01-18 1956-10-23 William A Mcdonald Electric arc torch apparatus
US3023301A (en) * 1956-03-05 1962-02-27 Union Carbide Corp Silica-free welding flux
US2948803A (en) * 1956-05-04 1960-08-09 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc high-alloy metal deposition
US2920181A (en) * 1956-05-04 1960-01-05 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc deoxidized metal deposition
EP0051869A1 (fr) * 1980-11-08 1982-05-19 Metallisation Limited Procédés de projection de revêtements métalliques et dispositifs pour leur excécution
EP0127303A1 (fr) * 1983-04-25 1984-12-05 National Research Development Corporation Production d'un jet dirigé par atomisation d'un métal fondu
EP0911425A1 (fr) * 1997-10-27 1999-04-28 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour l'enduction de surfaces
US20170014864A1 (en) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-19 Caterpillar Inc. Abrasion Resistant Material Tandem Welding
US10040096B2 (en) * 2015-07-17 2018-08-07 Caterpillar Inc. Abrasion resistant material tandem welding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR729381A (fr) 1932-07-23

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