US1931249A - Pile - Google Patents

Description

oct 17,1933. E. BURKHARDT 1,931,249

PILE

v`l=`iled`April 23, 1929 a .F1921 a" Attorneys Patented Oct. 17, 1933 ,N vUNITED ASTATEIS'- 1,931,249 lf i Emilurklhardt, Stuttgart, Germany', aallgnorto ,the ilrm: Vereinigte Stahlwerke Aktiengesell- 'schaft'.DuueidorhGermany .if A, y i Appunti@ Api-u z3, 192s,y serial Nass-1,596, and in-(rermanyMay8,1928` `l (el: ni-53) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for ground drilling and more particularly to a driving pile and method of driving the same whereby the exact nature and occurrence of the ground strata may be accurately determined. Previously known driving piles and methods for driving `the same -employ openshaftsand are limited in that thedriving is rendered expensive. troublesome and `time consuming and can only be accomplished at relatively shallow depths,v especially when subterranean waters 'are encountered. Also if-.special rotary boring'machinery isV used to effect the drilling, it` will be found that the `continuityI and structure of the stratification will be disarranged asia resulty of this manner `oi excavation and this ismore particularly true if the drilling isubeing eifected in the presence ofunderground waters.

` The principal object ofthe present invention is thev previsione! a driving pile and a method of driving the same whereby the driving may be effected rapidly and advantageously at the same time rendering it possible for the operator to readily examine undisturbed cross-sections of the' ground strata so that the geological composition, supporting and chemical properties of the ground, nature of subterranean waters and theA chemical admixturesthereof, may be easily and accurately determined.` f f i Other objects ofthe invention will be apparent to skilled workers in the driving pile art as' the description of my improved method and `ap-l paratus proceeds hereinafter.

hollow pipe and concentric examining` tube abutting on a `driving point with a central bore coaxial'with said examining tube. ,The examining tube is provided with means to effect closfrom the hollow pile and is adapted to be parted longitudinally after removal to allow inspection"y without disturbance of its contents. This appa-y ratus is driven into the ground in a suitable manner, the closure means for the bottom of the examining tube operated, the examining tube is withdrawn, opened longitudinally and inspected.

The accompanying drawing illustrates several embodiments of the apparatus of the invention and similar elements are designated by like reference characters thereon.

Figure l shows alongitudinal verticalcross@v section of the 'apparatus illustrating the various 'strata of the ground.

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal vertical cross-- ing tubefc is held inspaced relation to said hol- 70 f and its' lower end enters a recessed portion p of `intericfrly mounted at the lower; endsof ythe Vtube c. Rods e are attached to said ilap valves d, extended between'examiningtube c and hol- 80 to close 'ilapfvalves d, see Figure l.

. connected andconnected in the space between` The apparatus of the invention' comprises a` ing-of its lower end, may be readily removed cylinders h., preferably four` inquadrature,` are section of the apparatus with a modifiedv form of closure means for the examining` tube.

Figure 3 shows a-partial vertical-longitudinal cross-section of still another closure means for the lower end of theexamining tube.4

A hollow pile a` engages;attheffloweratend thereof,` a restrictedportion o ofy a-conical driving point b which is providedwwith" a central bore b". i A driving .anvil a'. capssaid hollow -pilea and is provided with a central hole a" for g5 soundingpurposes. y

An examining tube cl is concentrically'positioned within said hollow pile a and ,comprises semicylindrical halves c and c". Saidexaminlow pile .abymeans of a plurality of brackets n the conical drill point b. so that the central bore b' 'thereof i and` theinterior of theV examining tube c form a continuous conduit. f

Semi-circular. -tlap valves d are hingedly and semi-cylindrical halves c' and c" of low pile a to the top-thereof` and are-adapted f The lower end of examiningtube c maybe closed by hardening-the core of material therein. A'plurality ofy holesa are provided in said lower g5 end of said tube c, see Figure 2, andare intertube c `and pile. a by feeding tubes ff andf, respectively. Approprlate'chemicals orrefrig'erating` substances may be introduced through 30 feeding tubes f and l' to harden thev material and frictionally hold the same undisturbedwithin tube c during withdrawal thereof. y v. The hardened portion of th core o! material .within tube c mayalso be held vmechanically as well y.as'frictionallyn seeFlgure 3; Azpluralityof fastened to the lower exterior of examining tube c. A piston l is slidably placed in each of cylin- 100 ders h and `is guided by a` pin kvwhich passes through the wall of tube-'c and which is adapted to enter the interiorthereof. A-.spring m acting between the yhead `of cylinder hand piston l v holds the pin'kl inV retracted position; A lpipe i 105 n is connectedfto the head of each,k cylinder -hrand is adapted to allow the creation of a hydraulic vor` pneumatic pressure onzpiston l Vfor f -pin' k` into thehardened portion ofthe core as shown in dotted lines in Figure 3.; I

The driving operation according to the present invention is effected Aas follows: The hollow pile a, said driving point b and examining tube are assembled and capped by the driving anvil a'. The whole assembly 'is driven; by a ram or pile driver (not shown) striking the driving anvil a', through the various strata of the ground shown in Figures 1 and 2. During the driving of said assembly the various strata of the. subsoil enter into the conduit formed by the bore b' and examining tube c; v, u To determine the nature of the ground through which the driving is being effected the-lower end of tube c is -closed by .closing flap valves d, by hardening or freezing the core of -material or y by hardening and traction ofrpins k.-. Where.-

V examining tube c amy.

' Itis'withinjthe contemplation ofthe inven-l 'tion"that 'the ground may be of such a nature that the determination of the nature of the ground and driving may be carried out with thev Having riow particulars' described my fi'r'ivention 'what'I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States and whatI claim i s:

1. A pile for direct'driving' into' the subsoil 5 andfor determining .the nature thereof, including the combination witha hollow bored 'driving point anda anvilof a pair of concen-j disposed tubes the outer one of which is .normally rigid-with seid driving point butioosely :with said driving anvil, the inner tube of said pair being separately jarranged. witha.

spaceabout the same within .the outer tube and forming interiorlyk a uniform continuationv of the bore df said driving point and 'beinglo'ngitudinally divided in, order to provide forinsnec tion in undisturbed condition of a core of suba soil` within saidxinner tube upon withdrawal the outer tube'and removalof one -isecticnof said inner tube and near' the l lower extremity. of said inner, tube for securely closing the same and thereby retaining said core y of subsoil intact within the-same, an operating device thereforeactuated from ythe upper portion off-the pile preparatory to the vwithdrawal of said inner tube; said retaining means"v comprising feeding pipes' to introduce fa' hardening sub"- stance to harden aportion offthe subsoii,.said

pines being arranged in the intermediate rsoiree tubesandleading tn afpiurality of ,A holes near the lowerv extremity of... said 4inner '1" 3. A piletfordirect driving into thesubsoil and for determining the nature thereogiuluding L the combination with a hollow bored driving point and a` driving anvil; 'of a pair offconcenr:

trically disposed tubes, the outer one of which is 'normallylrlgid with said driving point but l00se. ly connected with said'driving anvil, the inner` 'tube of said pair being separately arranged with a spaceabout the same within". theouter tube and kforming .interiorly a uniform.continuation of the bore -of said driving point and b eing longi jtudinally divided in order to provide for inspec- "tion in undisturbed conditionof afcore of subsaid inner tube ponwitbdrawal substance to harden a portion of the subsoil,

said pipes being arranged in the intermediate space between the tubes and leading to a plurality of holesl nea'ry the lower extremity of said inner tube and'v fluid operated means engaging -the hardened portion of the subsoil core.

3. A pile for direct drivingf into the subsoil and for determining th nature thereof, includling the combinationwith a` hollow bored ,drive ing `point and a driving anvil; of a pair of concentrically disposed tubes, the outer one of whichv is normally rigid with said driving point but loosely connected with said driving anvil, the inner tube of said pair being separately arranged with a space about thesame within the, outer t'ube and forming lnteriorly a uniform continuation ofthe bore of said driving point and be- ,ing longitudinally divided in order to .provide for inspection lin undisturbed condition of a core of subsoil within said innertube upon withdrawal thereof from the outer tube and removal of one section of said inner tubeand means near the lower extremity of said inner tube for securely closing the same A vand thereby lretaining said core of subsoil intact within the'- same, an operating device thereforeactuated from the upper portion of the pile preparatory tothe withdrawal of said-inner tube; said retaining .means comprising feeding pipes to introduce a hardening .substance to harden a portion of the, subsoil,

said pipes being arranged-'in the intermediate space between the tubes and leading to a plurality of holes near-the lower extremityrof said inner tube, arpluralityy of uid operated vpistons and pins normallyvretracted and adapted to be impressedinto the interior ofl said inner, tube and the hardened subsoil therein. l

1 4. A pile for direct driving into the subsoil and for determining the nature thereof, including the combination', with a hollow bored driving point and a. driving anvil, of a pair of concentrically disposed tubes of which the outer tube is rigid with said driving point butloosely connected with said driving anvil, while the inner. tube of said pairis separately arranged in the louter tube vand'both split throughout, its

length and provided at its lower end with aclosing device which may be actuated from above fork securely closing' thelower end of vthe inner tube, in order that after the tubes have been driven into the subsoil, the outer tube may rest Y in the subsoil while the inner tube may be withdrawnfrom itifor inspection .of the securelyenclosed and undisturbed vcore of subsoil in said inner tube.v

e 5.a piie for direct drivinginioihe subsoil and for determining the nature thereof, includ- 1mg the combination, with e. nonow bored driving point and a driving anvil, of a pair of rconcen- .trieally disposed tubes, `of which thev outer tube from above. an actuating device being adapted to be arranged in the intermediate space between the tubes for securely closing the lower end oi' the inner tube in order that after the tubes have been driven into the subsoil, the outer tube may rest in the subsoil while the inner tube is withdrawn from it for inspection of the securely enclosed and undisturbed core of sub soil in said inner tube.

6. A pile for direct driving into the subsoil and raising a sample core with an undisturbed inner structure for determining the nature thereof, comprising a hollow pile, a driving anvil placed upon said pile. a driving point secured to said pile and provided with a bore, an examining tube, which is separately' removably arranged with an intermediate space about said tube within said pile and which rests directly on said driving point within the same.' to form a practically continuous and uniform conduit with the central bore thereof, said examining` tube consisting of two semi-cylindrical members. and retaining means associated with said examining tube to securely close its lower end and thereby to retain a core of subsoil intact therein, said means being provided with an operating device arranged in the intermediate space be-v tween the tubes and actuated trom the upper.,

portion of said pile preparatory to the withdrawal ot the examining tube.

7. A pile for direct driving into the subsoil and for determining the' nature thereof, moinding the combination with a hollow bored driving point and driving anvil, of a pair of concen-v trically disposed tubes, oi' which the outer tube is normally rigid with said driving point but loosely connected with said driving anvil. the inner tube o! said pair being separately arranged with a space about the same within the outer tube and-forming interiorly a practically uniform continuation of the bore of said driving point and being longitudinally divided in order to provide Afor inspection in undisturbed contube preparatory to the withdrawal of the same.

man summum 'ido

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