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US1907860A - Condenser - Google Patents

Condenser Download PDF

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Publication number
US1907860A
US1907860A US191373A US19137327A US1907860A US 1907860 A US1907860 A US 1907860A US 191373 A US191373 A US 191373A US 19137327 A US19137327 A US 19137327A US 1907860 A US1907860 A US 1907860A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sections
condenser
current
opposite
terminals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US191373A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nyman Alexander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dubilier Condenser Corp
Original Assignee
Dubilier Condenser Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dubilier Condenser Corp filed Critical Dubilier Condenser Corp
Priority to US191373A priority Critical patent/US1907860A/en
Priority to GB34778/27A priority patent/GB290556A/en
Priority to DED55705D priority patent/DE513044C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1907860A publication Critical patent/US1907860A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/38—Multiple capacitors, i.e. structural combinations of fixed capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/40—Structural combinations of fixed capacitors with other electric elements, the structure mainly consisting of a capacitor, e.g. RC combinations

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrical c011- densers, particularly condensers for use in circuits such as those occurring in radio apparatus.
  • An object is toproduce a condenser having the electric currents flowing in such wise that adjacent portions of the condenser will carry currents in opposite or at least divergent directions.
  • the result is that any magnetic or electrostatic field resulting from the flow of current at one part will be neutralized by opposite or divergent currents in adjacent parts.
  • losses are reduced and the efiiciency of the condenser greatly increased.
  • Figure 1 is an end elevation 1n cross section. of one modification of the condenser.
  • F igure 2 is a perspective partly in cross Figure 7 is a diagram showing the fiow of current with respect to a condenser with terminals arranged to accommodate low voltage;
  • Figure 8 is a diagram showing the flow of current with portions of the condenser connected in series to take care of currents of higher voltage
  • the form of the invention shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a condenser enclosed in a casing or shell 1, which is preferably a metal casting, and is provided with a cover orlid 2 of insulating material such as mica. This lid is held in place by a detachable flange 3 secured in any convenient way.
  • the condenser is provided withv an outside terminal 4 to which is attached a terminal lead 5, which is in contact with sheets of metal foil 6 that project out to the right as seen in Figure 1 from stacks or units 7, composed of alternate layers of metal foil and dielectric material.
  • These units or sections 7 have a second set of sheets of metal foil 8, to the projecting ends of which is attached a ground lead 9, which is fast to the casing 1. It should be noted that the leads 5 and 9 cross each other at intersection point 10 but do not make contact thereat.
  • the condenser is likewise provided with an outside terminal 11 and a terminal lead 12 contacting with metal foil sheets 13, which project out from the stacks or sections 14 at the left as viewed in Figure 1.
  • These units 14 have another set of metal foil sheets 15 to the ends of which is attached ground lead. 16, which is also secured to the casing 1.
  • the sections 7 alternate with the sections 14 and all the sections are disposed between end blocks 17.-
  • the blocks 17, which in the drawings appear very much like the units 7 and14, are of insulating material.
  • the plates 18, next the blocks 17, and between the sections 7 and 14, and'the sections and blocks 17, best shown in Figure' 2 are also of insulating material, and serve as separators.
  • the entire series of units is kept under compression by a clamp comprising bars or plates 19 and 20 which are secured together by bolts 21' and 22.
  • This whole inside assemblage is positioned within the casing by means of leads 5' and 12, and ground leads 9 and 16.
  • the second modification, shown in Fig ures 4, 5 and 6, comprisin a condenser enclosed in a casing 101 w ich is provided with an insulating lid 102, which is held in place as before by a'flange 103.
  • This condenser is provided with'an outside terminal 104 to which is attached a terminal lead 105 which contacts with the ends of sheets of metal foil 106 that project from units or sections 107, composed of alternate layers of metal foil and dielectric.
  • These units 107 have a second set of metal foil sheets 108 which project at the opposite side of the units.
  • the sheets 108 contact with lead 109 which engages the top of the easing 1.
  • the foil sheets are clearly shown in Figures 4 and 5,, but are concealed by each other and by other parts in Figure 6.
  • the blocks 117 are not active units but are of insulating material, and correspond to the blocks 17 above-described.
  • the plates 118 are also of insulating material, and correspond to the plates. 18, above-mentioned
  • the entire series of units are kept under compression by a clamp including plates or bars 119 and 120 which are'secured together by bolts 121 and 122. The weight of this inside assemblage is supported by the leads 105 and 112 and the surrounding wax, for after assembling, the casing is filled with wax.
  • any given unit, such as 14 has its foil terminals 13 and 15 projecting out at right angles to each other.
  • the current travels in approximately straight lines with the directions opposite as regards adjacent units, while in the first modification the currents have a direction something like a quarter of a circle, and as respects adjacent units are not exactly opposite,,although they are decidedly not travelling in the same direction. They at least travel at right angles or transversely to each other, and usually cross in paths more d1- vergent than a right angle'
  • the contrast is made evident by the sets of arrows 23 and 24, shown in Figure 1, when compared with the sets of arrows 123 and 124, shown in Figure 6.
  • the diagram, Fig. 8 shows four groups of units, the four groups being connected in parallel, while'the three units in each group are in series.
  • the shortest and most convenient connections necessarily make the currents as regards adjacent units travel opposite, so that the objects of this invention might have been attained heretofore within such groups quite by accident, but when the four groups are connected in parallel, it will be noted that the connections are reversed in each adjacent group so that the currents as to adjacent units of different groups have their direction of travel opposite with respect to each other.
  • outside terminals 4 and 11, and also 104 and 111 will be noted. These terminals are so located that the inside leads, such as 5 and 12, are placed outside the terminals 4 and 11, that is, lead 5 is placed on that side of terminal 4 which is farthest removed from terminal 11, and lead 12 is placed on that side of 11 which is farthest removed from terminal 4.
  • terminals 104 and 111 are preferably connected by a bridge of metal indicated at 125 having means shown at 126 for fastening a single conductor thereto.
  • the same expedient may be followed with reference to the terminals 4 and 11 of the condenser of Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • the heating effects are not limited to those resulting from eddy currents in the laminations of foil and other metal parts due to the magnetic field.
  • a magnetic field is alwaysa'ccompanied by an electrostatic field whose lines of force run at right angles to the lines of the magnetic field and this electrostatic field becomes appreciable at radio frequency. This field rapidly fluctuating through the insulation creates heat and therefore results in loss.
  • the arrangement of the paths of current in nearby groups of metal foil'in opposing-directions so as to neutralize the magnetic fields of the several groups must necessarily neutralize the electrostatic fields and eliminate heating losses in the layers of dielectric and in other adjacent pieces of insulation.
  • a condenser comprising sections with each section containing aset of conducting elements having projecting ends adapted to be grounded and a set of conducting elements having projecting ends adapted to be connected to a line conductor, with each al- 'ternate section disposed so that its ends pro- 40 ject in a direction different from the corresponding ends of the remaining sections, and terminal leadsthat divide so as to connect with the ends of each alternate section.
  • An electric condenser comprising a group of sections, a compression abutment at each end of the group, tension rods con-. .necting-the two abutments and located above and below the group, conducting elements projecting from each section at the sides of 60 the grou duplicate potential leads at each side of -t e group attached to alternate sections in the group and duplicate ground leads at each side of the group attached to alternate sections.
  • An electric condenser comprising an assemblage of condenser sections and terminal leads for the sections, eachsection being provided with conductive elements projecting from the section at opposite sides of.
  • each of said terminal leads having branches so as to connect with the conductive elements on both sides of.
  • said assemblage,'said connections being arranged so that adjacent condenser sections contact with difierent branches of the same terminal on opposite sides of said assemblage to cause the current in adjacent sections to flow in opposite directions.
  • An electric condenser comprising an assemblage of condenser sections and terminal leads for the sections, each section being provided with conductive elements pro ecting from the section at the same side 0 the assemblage but in different directions from said side, and each of said terminal leads having branches so as to connect with the conductive elements on both sides of said assemblage, said connections being arranged so that adjacent condenser sections contact with different branches of the same terminal on opposite sides ofsaid assemblage to cause the current in adjacent sections to flow in directions transverse with respect to each other.
  • a condenser comprising a stack of contiguous sections alternately arranged with respect to each other, and forming two groups with respect to their electrical connections to the condenser terminals, the sections of the first group having their armatures of one polarity, and the sections of the second group having their armatures of the opposite polarity, extending from a given side of the stack, means for connecting the said armatures of the first groupto one of the condenser terminals and means for connecting the said armatures" of the second group to the other condenser terminal, the
  • sections having their remaining armatures extending from another side of the stack, means for connecting the remaining armatures of the second group to the first-named condenser terminal, and means for connecting the remaining armatures. of the first group to the other condenser terminal, whereby the instantaneous direction of-current flow through any one of the sections is opposite to that of the current flow in the adjacent sections.
  • a condenser comprising a stack of contiguous stack sections alternately arranged armatures extending from the opposite side of the stack, a third conductor connecting the remaining armatures of the second group to the first-named condenser terminal, and a fourth conductor connecting the remaining armatures of the first group to the other condenser terminah whereby the instantaneous direction of current flow through any one of the sections is opposite tothat of the current flow in the adjacent sections.
  • a condenser adapted for use with radio frequency currents comprising a plurality of contiguous groups of condenser sections, each group comprising a plurality of sections connected in series, said groups being connected in parallel to the condenser terminals of opposite polarity and the sections being connected in each group so that, at any instant, the current flowing in any one of the sections is opposite in direction to the l current flowing in the sections adjacent thereto, whereby the fields of the opposing currents neutralize each other.
  • An electrical condenser comprising a group of contiguous condenser sections 2 forming a condenser stack, each section comprising interposed flat sheets of foil and insulation with the foils of opposite polarity projecting therefrom in different directions, the sections being disposed in the stack with the foil projections of like polarity-in adjacent sections projecting from the stack in opposite directions, and terminals for said stack, each terminal comprising two spaced-apart portions extending along op- 3 posite sides of the stack and connected to the respective groups of foil-projections of like polarity.
  • a condenser adapted for use with radio frequency currents comprising a plurality of contiguous condenser sections connected in parallel to terminals of opposite polarity, each of said sections being so positioned in the stack relative to the sections immediately adjacent thereto and having-its armatures so connected to the respective terminals that, at any instant, the direction of the current in any one of the sections is opposite to the directionof the currents in said adjacent sec- 7 tions, whereby the fields of'the opposing currents substantially neutralize each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
US191373A 1927-05-14 1927-05-14 Condenser Expired - Lifetime US1907860A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US191373A US1907860A (en) 1927-05-14 1927-05-14 Condenser
GB34778/27A GB290556A (en) 1927-05-14 1927-12-22 Improvements in electrical condensers
DED55705D DE513044C (de) 1927-05-14 1928-05-15 Elektrischer Kondensator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US191373A US1907860A (en) 1927-05-14 1927-05-14 Condenser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1907860A true US1907860A (en) 1933-05-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US191373A Expired - Lifetime US1907860A (en) 1927-05-14 1927-05-14 Condenser

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US1907860A (de)
DE (1) DE513044C (de)
GB (1) GB290556A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440652A (en) * 1943-07-21 1948-04-27 Sprague Electric Co Artificial transmission line

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE754265C (de) * 1935-07-14 1952-09-15 Telefunken Gmbh Anordnung des Anschlusses der Zuleitungen fuer einen elektrischen Kondensator fuer Siebschaltungen
DE751191C (de) * 1935-10-08 1953-08-10 Siemens & Halske A G Elektrischer Wickelkondensator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440652A (en) * 1943-07-21 1948-04-27 Sprague Electric Co Artificial transmission line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE513044C (de) 1930-11-24
GB290556A (en) 1929-05-22

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