US1835306A - Boiler installation - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 8, 1931. s, JACQUES 1,835,306 BOILER INSTALLATION I Filed Jan. 25, 1929 3 Sheets- Sheet 1 .f ATTORNEY 5 Dec. 8, 1931 S. A.. JACQUES BOILER INSTALLATION Filed Jan. 25, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 f ATTORNEY$ Dec. 8, 1931.

s. A. JACQUES 1,835,306

BOILER INSTALLATION Filed Jan. 25, 1929 a Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR 'rToRNEY5 Patented Dec. 8, 1931 YUNITEl) STATES PATENT OFFICE STANLEY A. JACQUES, OF OHIGAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO INTERNATIONAL GOM- BUSTION ENGINEERING CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N .'Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE BOILER INSTALLATION Applicationnled January 25, 1929. Serial No. 334,893.

Thisinvention relates 'to improvements in boiler installations and particularly to installations embodying horizontal tube box header boilers associated with boiler-furnaces, i. e., furnaces having evaporating surfaces in the form of water walls arranged to define combustion space thereof.

In boiler installations the present demands are 'for the development of high capacities '1 with theinstallations operated at very hi h rates of firing. In attempts to meet the emands steam evaporating walls have been provided for the combustion chambers of standard boilers so as to increase their ca- 'pacity.. This, however, in many instances,

found that. operating difficulties are particularly present in such installations when em-' results in operating" difiiculties because standard boilers are not always adapted in their design to take care of conditions produced by steam evaporating walls. I have ploying standard horizontal tube, box header boilers. Among difii'culties encountered are the tendency to cause reverse flow through certain of the boiler tubes of the standard boiler, the lack of proper water supply to the steam evaporating tubes, and moisture in thesteam.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a horizontal tube, box header boiler which is adapted to be embodied in high ca-' pacity installations of the character set forth How the foregoing, together with such' other objects and advantages as may hereinafter appear, or are incident to my invention,

are realized is illustrated in preferred form in the accompanying drawings, wherein I Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a boiler installation constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is in part a sectional view and in part an elevational view, the left hand half of the view being a section taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows, and the right hand half being a front elevation looking in the same direction as the section.

. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan section similar to Fig. 3, but illustrating a modification of the invention. I Fig. 5 is avertical section through a side wall adapted to be employed with the modification shown in Fig.- 1

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view illustrating a detail of my invention.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1- and 2, the installation comprises, in general, a boiler A, a'furnace or combustion chamber B, located below the boiler, and burner means- C for introducing pulverized fuel and air into the combustion chamber. The burner, or burners may be of any suitable type for admitting pulverized fuel and air into the chamber in a manner to produce turbulence, and, as hereshown, are of a type to produce a swirling flame.

The boiler A comprises a plurality of rows of substantially horizontal tubes in this instance arranged in two spaced groups a and b; a box header 6, hereinafter referred to as the lower box header, into which one end of tubes are connected; a box header 7, hereinafter referred to as the upper box header, into which the other ends of the tubes are connected; a cross drum 8; a plurality of rows of tubes 0 for connecting the upper portion of the upper box header 7 with the cross drume 8; a plurality of rows of connectors 9 leading from the drum to the header 6; and suitable bafiiing as indicated at 10 for causing the gases of combustion leaving the combustion chamber B to take a tortuous path over and among the tubes of the boiler A. A superheater-ll may be located in the space 12 as shown.

The combustion chamber B in substantial portion is defined by steam evaporating surfaces in the form of a plurality of rows of boiler tubes in the chamber, each serving to define combustion space. In the preferred arrangement shown the rear wall 13 of the combustion chamber is lined with a row of upright tubes 14, and the side walls 15, 15 each are lined with a row of uprighttubes 16. A row of spaced tubes 17 extends across the lower portion of the combustion chamber, the spacing being sufliciently wide to permit ash particles to gravitate throu h the spaces between the tubes into an ash c amber 18 therebelow.

The tubes of the row 14 preferably bend outwardly at their lower end portions for connection into headers or junction boxes 19. The tubes of the row 17 incline upwardly from the front to the rear of the combustion chamber and pass thru the rear wall 13 for connection into the junction boxes 19 and the header 20. v

The tubes of the rows 16 are connected at their lower ends into headers 21 and at their upper ends into headers 22, the headers, in the form illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2," being located outside of the combustion chamber and the tubes being bent to pass through the side walls to the headers.

Water is led from the boiler A to the bottom screen 17 by means of a pluralit of downcomers 23, the water being taken rom the'lower portion of the lower box header 6. The downcomer tubes extend into the header 6 to a point somewhat above the bottom of the header, i e., to a point above the normal level of de ing t e deposit into the screens. Thetubes may be extended to such point by means of j nipples 24 attached thereto.- l A plurality of downcomers 25 lead water from the lower box header 6 to the lower headers 21 of the side wall screens. These downcomers extend into the header 6 in the manner just described in colmection with the downcomers 23.

The upper end portions of the tubes of the rear wall'screen 14 are-bent for connection into the u per box header 7, the connections being pre erably' arranged in a row below the lowermost row of boiler tubes. Thetubes of the screen 14, however, do not deliver into the lower portion of the header 7, for I have associated an extension pipe or lon nipple 26 with each tube of the screen whic serves, in efiect, to brin each tube into the inside of the header.

enipples are of a length ,to bring the 0 'en or disc arge end thereo to a level well a ove the bottom of the header whereby delivery from the screeninto the header is at a level such that circulation at their other ends they are connected into g of the tube bank for the connection of the sit in the header-so as to'avoid'draw difiicultiesare prevented, as, for example, reversal of flow through the lower rows of tubes of the boiler.

The nipples or extension pipes 26 may be movably attached to their associated tubes, as illustrated in Fig. 6 for example, so as to enable of their being moved or swung to one side to give. access to the boiler tubes for cleaning, rolling, tube removal, or other purposes.

A plurality of upcomers 27 are provided for the side wall screens, which upcomers lead from the upper side wall headers 22 into the upper box header 7. These upcomers also connect into the header 7 at points well above the bottom thereof for reasons just explained in connection with the rear wall screen.

In contradistinction to the usual construction of the up er box headers of boilers of this type, whic is to make the headers of a width just suflicient to accommodate the width of the boiler tube bank or banks, I propose to make the upper header 7 of a width sufliciently wider than the tube bank or roups as will give ample surface at the sides upcomers 27 thereinto. This is clearly illustrated in Fig. 3 in which the extra width is indicated at 28.

It w1ll be seen that all downtake connection for the various steam evaporating tubes in the combustion chamber are taken from the lower portion of the lower box header of the boiler at a point above the level of deposit therein, and that the steam generated in these tubes is led into the upper box header at a level such as to prevent the screen circulation from interfering with the boiler circulation.

' All of the steam from the screens and from the boiler A enter the-upper box header 7 and from thence it goes to the cross drum 8 at low velocity through the lurality of rows oftubes a, it bein prefera le to employ at least three rows 0 such tubes to ensure low velocity.

With all of the steam entering the drum in this manner and because of the manner of delivering steanrfrom the upright walls into the box header 7, low moisture content in the steam is assured. v

By employing a plurality ofrows of downtakes 9 from the drum 8 to the lower box header 6 ensures a good supply of water to the boiler and screens.

Referring now to Figs. 4: and 5, I have illustrated therein a side wall screen 16a in which the upper header 22a is embedded in i the side wall of the installation, and in which the risers or upcomer tubes 27a are also embedded in the wall.

By having the tubes of the rear wall screen 14 connected into the upper box header 7 in the manner set forth, support is afiorded for this end of the boiler A, and, therefore, the

supporting beam usually placed under the header may be dispensed with.

From the foregoing it will be seenthat I have provided a novel boiler of the horizontal tube, box header type which peculiarly meets the requirements of such boilers when em.

and upper and lower box headers into Which the tubes are connected, of a combustion chamber associated with the boiler, a plurality of rows of steam evaporating tubes in the chamber each serving to define combustion space, downcomer means leading to said rows of tubes, and upcomer means lead: ing from said rows of tubes to the upper box header and delivering upwardly thereinto well above the bottom of said header. 2. The combination with a boiler having a plurality of substantially horizontal tubes and upper and lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, of a combustion chamber associated with'the boiler, a plurality of rows of steam evaporating tubes in the chamber each serving to define combustion space, downcomer tubes for leading water from the lower box header to said rows of tubes, said tubes opening into said header above the normal level of deposit in the header, and upcomer tubes for said rows of tubes, certain of said upcomber tubesextending upwardly Within the upper box header and terminating well above the bottom of the header, and the remaining upcomer tubes being'connected into a wall of, said upper header at points well above the bottom of the header; 1

3. The combination with a boiler having a plurality of substantially horizontal tubes and upper and' lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, of a combustion chamber associated with the boiler, a plurality of rows of steam evaporating tubes in the chamber each serving to define combustion space, downcomer means leading to said rows of tubes, and upcomer means lead: ing from said rows of tubes to the upper box header, said upper header being wider than required to accommodate the plurality of substantially horizontal tubes whereby surface is provided for the accommodation of upcomer means from rows of said steam evaporating tubes.

4. The combination with a boiler having a plurality of rows of boiler tubes inclined somewhat from the horizontal and upper and lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, said upper box header being extended in width beyond the width necessary to accommodate said boiler tubes, of a combustion chamber associated with the boiler,

"thereof.

a row of upright steam evaporating tubes defining each side wall of the chamber, downcomer tubes leading from said lower header to said side walls and upcomer tubes leading from saidsidewalls to said upper header, the connections being made into the extended portions of said header.

5. The combination with a boiler having akplurality of rows of boiler tubes inclined somewhat from the horizontal and upper and "lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, said upper box header being extended in .width beyond the width necessary to accommodate said boiler tubes, of a com,- bustion chamber associated with the boiler, a row of upright steam evaporating tubes defining each side wall of thechamber, clowncomer tube leading from said lower header to said si e walls and upcomer. tubes leading from said side walls to said upper header, the connections being made into the extended portions of said header and at points above the level of the lower rows of boiler tubes.

6. The combination with a boiler, having a plurality of rows of boiler tubes inclined somewhat from the horizontal and upper and lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, of a combustion chamber associated with the boiler, aplurality of rows of steam evaporating tubes in the chamber each serving to define combustion space, the tubes of one'of said rows of steam evaporating tubes being connected into the upper box header, and upright tubes within said upper I header connected to the tubes of the last mentioned row so ,as to constitute extensions therefor and of sufiicient length to lead the delivery from the evaporating tubes into the header at a level well above the bottom 5 7. The combination with a boiler "having a plurality of rowsof boiler tubes inclinec somewhat from the horizontal and upper and lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, of a combustion chamber asso- 11 ciated with the boiler, a plurality of rows of steam evaporating tubes in the chamber each serving to define combustion space, the tubes of one of said rows of steam evaporating tubes being connected into the upper box header, and upright tubes within said upper header connected to the tubes of the last mentioned row so as to constitute extensions therefor adapted to lead the delivery from the evaporating tubes into the header at a level well above the bottom thereof, said extension tubes being movably attached to the evaporating tubes.

8. The combination. with a boiler having a plurality of substantially horizontal tubes with the boiler, steam evaporating tubes in upper header and extending to points above said chamber, downcomer means eading to the level of the lower rows of holler tubes.

said evaporating tubes, and upcomer means In testimony whereof I have hereunto leading from the evaporating tubes to the signed my name. 5 upper box header including. tubes connected STANLEY A. JACQUES. 70

into the widened portions of the upper header, and tubes extending upwardly within the upper header and terminating well above the bottom thereof. 4 9. The combination with a boiler hav'ipg a 7 plurality of rows of boiler tubes inclined somewhat from the horizontal and upper and lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, said upper box header being extended in width beyond the width necessary 80 to accommodate sald boiler tubes, of a combustion chamber associated with the boiler, steam evaporating tubes in said chamber, downcomer tubes leading from said lower header to said evaporating tubes, said .down- 85 comer tubes extending upwardlywithin the lower header and terminating above the normal level of deposit therein, and upcomer tubes leading from said evaporating tubes to said upper header, the connections being e0 2 made into the extended portions of said header.

10. The combination with a boiler havin a plurality of rows of boiler tubes inclined somewhat from the horizontal and upper and as lower box headers into which the tubes are connected said upper box headerv being extended in width beyond the width necessary to accommodate said boiler tubes, of a combustion chamber associated with the boiler, u

steam evaporating tubes in said chamber,

downcomer tubes leading from said lower header to said stea m evaporating tubes and upcomer tubes leading from said evaporating 40 tubes to said upper header, the connections of I05 certain of said upcomer tubes being made into the extended portions of said header,

I and the remaining upcomer tubes extending upwardly within the upper header and termi- 4 nating well above the bottomthereof.

11. The combination with a boiler having a plurality of rows of boiler tubes inclined somewhat from the horizontal and upper and lower box headers into which the tubes are connected, said upper box header being extended in width beyond the width necessary to accommodate said boiler tubes, of a combustion chamber associated with the boiler,

rows of steam evaporating tubes defining m" walls of the chamber, downcomer tubes leading from said lower header to said walls, up-

comer tubes leading from certain of said walls to said upper header, the connections co beingmade into the extended portions of said 125 header and at points above the level of the lower rows of boiler tubes, and upcomer tubes leading from the remaining walls to said upper header, said last mentioned upcomer tubes extending upwardly within the

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