US1675842A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

' July 3,1928.

. 675,842 G. B. DAHL OIL BURNER Filed April 28, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 3, 1928. 1,675,842

G. B. DAHL OIL BURNER Filed April 28, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IIII I v 14 I Patented July 3, 1928.

GEORGE B. DAHL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed April 28, 1927. Serial No. 187,159.

My invention relates to improvements in oil burners, and the general object of my invention is to produce a simple, practical oil burner which is adapted to use a gravity feed, and which has a very wide range of capacity, so that a burner of a given size can be easily regulated so as to generate a flelatively small, or a very large amount of eat.

The invention is, also, intended to roduoe a burner which will work successfu ly on a very low grade of fuel oil without very much carbonizing.

The invention is, also, intended to produce a structure embodying a vaporizer arranged to rapidly and evenly vaporize the fuel oil,

and I have this vaporizer arranged so that whatever carbonization occurs, Wlll deposit:

the carbon on certain parts of the vaporizer, and have this vaporizer freely removable, as by lifting from the burner, so that when carbon does collect thereon, it can be lifted from the burner and cleaned, or another vaporizer substituted for it.

My invention is further intended to produce a Structure in which the admixture of oil va or and air vapor are perfectly controlle and to provide means for seating the parts of the burner so that the proportion of air delivered will be in proportion to the oil consumed, to the end that substantially perfect combustion may be obtained, and it is this arrangement for controlling the air draft and mixing, which gives to the structure its very wide range of heating capacity.

The invention is further intended to produce-a structure of few parts which can be readily assembled or disassembled, and in which the several parts are disposed and shaped so as to produce the best combustion and the best application of the generated heat to a part to be heated, as, for example, a boiler.

The invention is further intended to pro duce a structure which can be readily applied to ordinary furnaces or the like, and from which any accumulation of sediment as, for example, when very low grade oil is used, can be easily removed.

These, and other advantages, will appear more clearly from the following description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which similar reference characters represent the corresponding parts in all views.

Figure l'is a vertical cross section of a burner showing my improvements.

Figure 2 is a broken section plan on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a broken horizontal section on the line 3-3 of Fi re 1, and V Figure 4 is a detail bottom plan of the vaponzor.

The burner has, near the bottom, a central oil well or trough 10 and, by having it disposed at the bottom part of the burner, it

7 makes it easv to collect and remove any sediment, as will hereinafter'appear.

The well is supplied with fuel oil from a pipe 11 but theoil may be supplied to the well in any convenient way, and the upper wall of the well merges into an outwardly flaring part '12 which, in turn, assumes a cylindrical shape, as at 13, so that the parts 10, 12, and 13 form the bottom casing of the burner.

The upper edge of the part 13 has outwardly extending socket lugs 14 which rest oncomplementary lugs 15 extending inward from a sustaining ring 16, and this can be supported in any usual or preferred way.

At the base of the. art 13 of the casing, is an overflow pipe 1 through which any excess of oil may pass, to'prevent flooding the burner.

Arranged centrally within the burner, is

a freely removable and unattached vaporizer 18 which forms an important part of the invention, and which can conveniently be a casting, and this vaporizer is given a substantial mass so that it will retain heat readily for the purpose of vaporizing the incoming oil, and it has its central portion extended downward as at 19, to rest in the bottom part of the well 10.

The vaporizer 18 has an outwardly flaring apron or deflector 20 which is curved downwardly and outwardly from theupper partof the central portion of the vaporizer, and spaced around the under side of the oil deflector 20 are ribs 21 of such a contour as to rest on the wall 12 of the casing and also, to extend downward close to the wall of the well 10.

These ribs stifien the deflector 20, give mass to the Vaporizer, and serve to divide the incoming fuel into numerous streams so that it burns to better advantage.

The ribs can be recessed as at 22, at points opposite the intake pipe 11, so that when the vaporizer is dropped in place, if a rib should come opposite the pipe 11, it will not ofler obstruction to the inflowing oil and, furthermore, the recesses 22 act as ports to permit the oil to pass to all parts of the well.

The upper side of the apron or deflector 20 is stiifenedby ribs 24, and the vaporizer has, on the top surface, a socket 25 which receives the reduced lower art of a refractory flame spreader 26. Thls, it will be seen, is located centrally of the burner, and it curves outwardly towards its upper part, as

shown at 27, so that the flames rising from the burner will spread around the spreader, and strike evenly and effectively upon the part above which is to be heated.

The spreader 26 has a bore 28 therethrough, and a rod 29 extends vertically through this bore and is attached to the vaporizer as at 30, being screwed into the vaporizer, but it may be otherwise attached. This rod 29 has an edge 31 at the top so that a poker or other instrument can be engaged in the eye, and the vaporizer lifted bodily from the burner.

It will be understood that other means can be employed for lifting the vaporizer, and that the particular arrangement of the spreader and vaporizer, while desirable, is not essential, as the important things are, first, to have the vaporizer arranged as shown so that it can be lifted freely from its position in the burner, and to have a spreader superposed above the vaporizer.

In the arrangement which I have shown and described, the oil will vaporize and begin to burn at the channel 23 between the oil deflector 20, and the opposite wall 12 of the burner, and any deposition of carbon .which occurs, will be adjacent the edge and lower side of the deflector 20.

A convenient way of getting at. this result, is to have the lower extension of the well screw threaded as at 32, and have a on 33 threaded into the part 32 and provide with faceted parts 34 to facilitate screwing the plug cup in or out of the socket.

Within the lower casing of the burner, and near the outer part of the wall 12, is an annular seat 35, upon which rests the tapering air deflector 36 which is in the form of I a ring, having the smaller opening downward and inward, and flaring outward to a point in close connection with the wall 13. This ring projects so as to leave a fuel passage between its inner and lower edge, and the edge of the oil deflector 20 as shown, and it forms one wall of the means for controlling the air supply or draft. This supply to the flame comes into the channel 37' which is located between the air deflecting ring 36 and the lower edge of the air or mixing drum 37, this being well shown in Figure 1. y

This drum is vertically arranged, so spaced apart from the wall 13 and ring 36 to provide for air inflow, and is spaced apart from the vaporizer 18, to provide for the proper mixing and burning of gases. It will be noticed by reference to Figure 1 that by raising or lowering the air drum 37, the size of the channel 37 is changed, and by properly adjusting the height of this air drum, the air need can be cut down to correspond to a relatively small inflow of air to mingle with the corresponding increase of oil supply.

The regulation of the wall 37 of the air drum or mixing drum can be effected in many ways without departing from the in vention. I have shown the drum flaring outward as at 38, provided with strengthening ribs 39-, and with a downturned annular wall 40 resting on a corresponding wall 31 which rises from the supporting ring 18.

These two walls 40 and 41 are illustrated as having a cam connection 41' so that when the drum 37 is turned one way or the other, it will be raised or lowered by such action.

I have not shown this in detail because it is the same arrangement, substantially, which I have illustrated in my Letters Patent of the United States 1,613,820, dated January 11, 1927, although the action, arrangement and location of the air drum is somewhat different. I have shown the air drum, provided with a downwardly extending part 42 connected with a lever 43 which can be moved by any suitable means, annular or otherwise, to effect the turning of the air drum and its corresponding vertical adjustment; but, as stated, this arrangement is merely one way of adjusting the air drum.

In practice, the oil is admitted in a regulated quantity to the well 10, the oil is ignited, the vaporizer 18 becomes hot, and, by reason of its mass and shape, serves to rapidly vaporize and assist in the distribution of the oil vapor, while the air will flow inward between the parts 13 and 16, downward between the parts 13 and '37, and inward through the channel 37' where it unites downwardly and outwardly extending oil deflector, and a spreader seated coaxially on the vaporizer, and having an outwardly and upwardly curved wall. v 1

2. An oil burner having a centrally disposed tapered oil well, and a removable' vaporizer having. an annular flared portion .provided with a plurality of inclined ribs to form recesses on the underside of said vaporizer, said ribs being adapted to seat said vaporizer in-said well.

3. An oil burner having a centrally disposed tapered oil well, and a removable vaporizer provided with a central longitudi-- nal conical portion and an annular flared portion, said flared portion having a plurality of inclined ribs radiating from said conical portion to form recesses on the underside of'said vaporizer, said ribs being adapted to seat said va 4. An oil burner having a' centrally disposed tapered oil well, and a removable va porizer comprisin a solid portion,- a plurality of ribs ra rating from said central rizer in said well.

portion, a circular deflecting a ron integral with and disposed above sai ribs, means forming a channel for supplying air to the burner, and a deflecting ring disposed in said channel adjacent the periphery of said apron.

5. An oil burner having a centrally disposed tapered oil well, and a removable vaporizer comprising a solid central portion,

a plurality of ribs radiating from said central portion to form recesses on the underside of said vaporizer, a deflecting apron integral with and disposed above said ribs, the edge of said ribs being inclined to contact the wallof said well, said edges beingprovided with depressions to permit communication between said recesses.

6. An oil burner having a centrally disposed tapered oil well, and a removable vaporizer comprising a solid central portion, a plurality of ribs radiating from said central portion to form recesses on the under-- side of said vaporizer, an oil deflecting apron disposed above said ribs, said apron being downwardly and outwardly curved, and a flame spread arranged coaxially on said vaporizer, said spreader being upwardly and outwardly curved.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 20th day of April, 1927.

GEORGE B. DAI-IL.

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