US2063847A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

9 M. A. s. LAVlGNE 2,063,847

OI L BURNER Filed Feb. 2, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 8, 1936. M. A. s. LAVIGNE OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 2, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 8, 1936 M. A. s. LAVIGNE OIL BURNER Filed Fe 2, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet :5

gwventor atto'uww Dec. 8, 1936. M. A. s. LAVIGNE OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 2, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 awake 0 Patented Dec. 8, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OIL BURNER Lavigne Application February 2, 1931, Serial No. 513,029

6 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and has particular reference to oil burners of the wickless type similar to that described in my Patent No. 1,763,164 dated June 10, 1930.

The primary object of the present invention is to-provide an improved type of oil burner which shall include novel flame baffling means which will enable the device to burn heavy, light or any intermediate grade of fuel efficiently.

Another object is to provide a burner which shall be capable of universal use, such as heating kitchen ranges, water heaters, furnaces and other cooking and heating appliances.

A further object is to provide an oil burner of the aforesaid character which shall be simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture and which shall be highly eflicient in operation.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention may be stated to consist in the various novel features of construction and arrangement or combination, all of which will be fully described hereinafter and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this application,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a twin burner constructed in accordance with my invention;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the control valves for the twin burner;

Figures 3 and 4 are top plan views of the burner hood elements;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a modified form of burner;

Figure 6 is a similar view of a still further modification;

Figure '7 is a side elevation partly in section of a portable type burner;

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Figure 2;

Figure 9 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 8; and

Figure 10 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a further modified form of burner.

Describing the various parts by reference characters and referring particularly to Figure 1, I denotes a base from which rises a standard 2 having a horizontal disposed conduit 3 at its upper end. The ends of conduit 3 are directed upwardly as indicated at 4 and each receives a spider 5 which is retained in position by a set screw 6. Each spider is provided with a plurality of vertically adjustable rods 1 and these rods support the burner structure to be described hereinafter. It will be understood that rods 1 are veach vertically adjustable and may be locked in position by nuts 8 to maintain the burner structure level.

Each burner unit consists of a base in the form of an annulus l0 which is substantially U shape in cross section. As shown in Figure 1, the annulus is formed with a plurality of shoulders H which define annular grooves l2, the lowermost of which serves as a fuel well. Supported on the uppermost of these shoulders are a pair of down- .wardly directed annular baffie rings l3 and I4 which extend to within close proximity of the bottom of the fuel Well, and each ring is formed at its lower edge with a horizontal portion which receives and supports the perforated sleeves I5 and I6. Itwill be noted that the space between the sleeves l5 and I6 is disposed substantially midway of the fuel well I2 and defines a combustion chamber for the vaporized oil. Supported on .the base Ill adjacent its outer edge and extending upwardly is a third perforated sleeve I! which encloses sleeves l5 and I6.

At the upper end the space between sleeves l5 and I1 is closed by a ring I8. The top of sleeve I6 is closed by a casting H! as shown in Figures 1 and 3, which seats on said sleeve and is formed with a plurality of upwardly extending projections 20, from which radiate horizontal extensions 2| that support an annular ring 22 which forms a hood over theupper ends of sleeves l5 and I1. Detachably supported on casting I9 is a circular plate 24 (Figs. 1 and 4) having a depressed central portion 25 and a substantially clover leaf shaped cut out portion 26. This cut out portion is adapted to; receive the projections 20 when the plate 24 is seated on the ring 22 of casting l9 as shown in Figure 1, thereby providing spaced flame and heat baffles at the top of the burner.

Air is supplied to the burner through the perforations in the sleeves 15, I6 and I1 and also through a central aperture defined by the base annulus I0. In some instances where the burner is enclosed in a confined space, as for instance in the bottom of a furnace, it may be desirable to supply additional air and for this purpose, I connect a pipe 3| with conduit 3 and extend the same outside the furnace walls. The upper ends of conduit 3 each have threaded therein a conduit 32 which projects up into the sleeve [6 and each conduit is provided with a butterfly control valve 33.

Fuel is supplied to the burners through pipes 35 which connect at one end to the fuel groove I 2 in the base rings In, and at the other ends, said 55 gasified by contact with the hot baffle rings.

pipe 62. "outer periphery of ring 60 and extends radially pipes connect with a fuel supply and control chamber 36, through control valves 31.

The fuel supply and control mechanism is shown in Figs. 1, 2, 8 and 9 and is interposed between the burner and main source of fuel supply. This mechanism serves to maintain a small and substantially constant head of fuel for gravity feed to the burner. As shown in detail in Figures 8 and 9, the fuel chamber 36 is provided with an inlet 31a which is adapted to be connected with the main source of fuel supply. A needle valve 38 is movable vertically to control the fuel inlet to chamber 36 and the valve is connected to one end of a lever 39 which is pivoted at 46 to the 41 in the cover 41a and said stem is fitted with two oppositely facing valves 48 and 49 which are arranged in spaced relation on the stem. These valves are adapted to cooperate with suitable valve seats 50 and respectively that are formed in boss 47. From the foregoing, it will be apparent that if the valve stem becomes stuck in the open position, the float will be down and valve 48 will engage seat 50 and shut off the air vent past valve stem 45 to the atmosphere and hence seal chamber 36, and thereby prevent fuel from flowing into the chamber. In a similar manner,

if the needle valve is stuck in the closed position,

the float will be in the up position and valve 49 will engage seat 5| to cut off the air vent to the chamber and prevent flow of oil from the chamber to the burner. v

As shown in Figure 1, I provide a priming funnel 55 which is connected through a valve 56 to the feed line of each burner. In use, a light grade of fuel ispoured into funnel 55 and valve 56 is opened to allow the priming charge to flow 'to the burners. The valve 56 is then closed and the priming charge is ignited'in the fuel groove l2. This charge burns and heats bafile' rings l3 and- I4, whereupon the heavy grade'of fuel is fed through the pipes 35' and 36 to the burners and is The gasified fuel is mixed with air and burns with a blueflame between the sleeves l5 and I6.

In Figures 5 and 6 I have shown modified forms of burners. In Figure 5 I have shown a base ring 66 having a relatively wide fuel groove 6| which is connected with a source of fuel supply by a A baffle plate 63 is supported on'the inwardly. This baflle plate is formed with a plurality of upstanding ridges 64 which serve to position and support perforated sleeves 65, 66 and 61. A similar baflle ring 68 is fitted to the .upstanding central portion 69 of the base ring the side walls of ring 60 through the baflle/ 13 to points between sleeves 66 and 61. The burner is supported in a manner similar to that previously described.

In Figure 6 I have shown a further modification wherein the base ring 15 is formed with a fuel groove 16. A baffle 11 extends from the peripheral edge of the base ring radially inwardly and supports a perforated sleeve 18 and a second perforated sleeve 19 is supported on the peripheral edge of ring 15 and encloses sleeve 18. Air conduits 80 extend upwardly from ring 15 and support at their upper ends a plate 8! which in turn supports an inner sleeve 82.

In Figure 7 I have shown a portable type burner consisting of a base 85, a single burner unit 86 such as those previously described, and a fuel tank 81 surrounding the burner unit. A bail 88 having a handle 89 affords a convenient means for carrying the structure.

In Figure I have shown a still further modified form of burner which employs only two sleeves. In this form the base ring 90 is formed with a fuel groove 9| and a radially outwardly and downwardly directed bafile 92 is supported from the inner peripheral edge of the base ring. A perforated sleeve 93 rises from the outer edge of the baffle, and a similar sleeve 94 rises from the outer peripheral edge of the base ring and is disposed concentric with sleeve 93. The combustion of the fuel takes place between the sleeves 93 and 94.

What I claim is:

1. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base, a standard rising from said base, a horizontally disposed conduit carried by said standard, a burner unit carried by each end of said conduit, and means for supplying air through said conduit to each burner unit.

2. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having a fuel groove therein, a plurality of separate, removable and downwardly inclined baffle rings normally overlying a portion of said fuel groove, the lower edges of said rings being spaced apart and defining an upwardly facing opening from said groove, and perforated tubes rising from said baffle rings at the edges of said opening.

3. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having a fuel groove therein, a removable baille ring extending radially inwardly and downwardly from an edge of said groove and a second removable baflle ring extending radially outwardly and downwardly from the opposite edge of said groove, the inner edge of the first mentioned ring being spaced from the outer edge of the second ring, and perforated tubes supported by and rising from the spaced edges of said bafile rings, said tubes being arranged in spaced relation to define a combustion space, and said combustion space being in free communication with said groove through the space between the edges of the rings.

4. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having a fuel groove therein, a removable baffle ring extending radially inwardly and downwardly from the outer edge of said groove, and a second removable baffle ring extending radially outwardly and downwardly from the inner edge of said groove, the adjacent edges of said bafile rings being disposed in spaced relation below the upper edges of the fuel groove, and perforated tubes rising from the adjacent edges of said rings and defining a combustion space.

5. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having a fuel groove therein, a bafile ring extending radially inwardly and downwardly from the outer edge of said groove and a second baflie ring extending radially outwardly and downwardly from the inner edge of said groove, the adjacent edges of said baffle rings being disposed in spaced relation below the upper edge of the fuel groove, perforated tubes rising in concentric and spaced relation from and supported by the adjacent edges of said bafile rings, and a perforated tube enclosing the first mentioned tubes and spaced therefrom.

6. A combustion tube burner having a base provided with upstanding walls presenting between them a broad fuel chamber, means for supplying liquid fuel to the bottom of said chamber, separate removable covers extending part way over opposite sides of said chamber but leaving between them an annular exit opening adapted to receive a wick, the bottom of said chamber presenting flow surfaces for the liquid fuel directly beneath said covers, and spaced combustion tubes forming a combustion chamher in upstanding relation to the fuel chamber and communicating therewith through said opening but of narrower width than the said fuel chamber, said tubes being supported one by each of said covers, whereby on removal of the latter said fuel chamber is opened and exposed to View.

MICHAEL A. S. LAVIGNE.

Images