US1445049A - Exhaust nozzle - Google Patents

Description

' Eeb. 13, 1923.

T. E. STUARL EXHAUST ANOZZLE.

2 snEETs-SHET v.

FILED JUNE 5,192!- 'fifi |NVENTOR @w ATTORNEY Feb. 13, 1923. 1,445,049.

T. E. STUART.

EXHAUST NozzLE.v

FILED JUNE 6| 192'- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MZWM

INVENTOR A ATTORNEY Patented Peli. i3, i923.

THOMAS E! STUART, OF COUNSEL BLUFFIFN, ASSIGNOR 0F. UNE-HALF TO, BENJAMN, A. SIMON, 0F liril, NEBRASK. i 'i ideate@ :ain/ausi nczznn.

i Application led .Tune G, 1921.' Serial No. 475,563.

To @ZZ fr0/tom 'it may concern Be it lrnovvn that l, Cllr-ronnie Srnnnr, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Council Bluffs, in the county et Pottawattamie and State of lona have invented certain nen7 and useful improvements in Exhaust Nozzles, and have described the samein the following specilication illustrated by the Aaccompa drawings. A'

My invention relates to that class eters!" haust nozzles which are commonly used ior.

the purpose of producing draft in the boilers or' locomotive steam engines, and which in# dividually discharge in such a boiler the .er1- haust steam from the engine. cylinders. lhe main objects ci? my improvements are these, namely: to obviate all need. oi: applying tips to nozzles of this class; toincrease the drai't, or entraining eilect which is obtained from a given supply ot exhaust steam; 'to reduce the hack pressure which. is commonly produced by nozzles ot this class, in the engine cylinders; to produce a steam 'Viet having an unchanging peripheral forni throughout its Working range, and having 1 the highest velocity which is attainable with a given back pressure; and to reduce the violence and unsteadiness ot draft which are due to intermittency in the How ot exhaust steam coming from the cylinders in puits. To accomplish these objects l incorporate in my improved nozzle as integral parts thereof, a fla-ring, or uniformly expanding, tubular shell, peripheral {lange at the base ot' the nozzle, and a plurality of straight, longitudinal internal corrugations ot the shell Which extend from near the base to the top of the` nozzle with gradually increasing cross section.

In said drawings, illustrating the best manner in Which I have contemplated applying the principles of the invention, Fi l is a plan view of an exhaust nozzle which is constructed in accordance with these prinH ciples. Fig. 2 is an axial section on the section line 2-2 of Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a plan of my improved nozzle in a modified forni. Fig. 4 is an axial section on the section line of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is afront elevation partly in vertical cross section and partly diagrammatic, showing a locomotive boiler which is Supplied With my improved nozzle and other appurtenances.

The shell of' the nozzle, in ,its` preferred 55 form, is denoted in Figures "l, and 2 by the numeral Cv. lt is an iron. castingl and has at the. base, which is its receiving endfthe outstanding' flange 7, which is adapted to he united imperviously inr a flange vvith the flange 8 similarly encircling the top of the steainpassage 9 of the saddle l0, sup',- porting the boiler leas shown in Fig. lits throatll, ivherethesectioniarea of the nozzle is lea is beloyv the middlefof the nozzle and prererablynear its receiving end. I llroin the throat upward' toftheitop, Whe je the opening is greatest, the nozzle is'o'l 't ev torni or.' a. irustum of acone, being.slightly` Y in torni. withy itsfsection areayincreasinggradually at af uniform rate. lfn the inteinr surface ot the nozzle are formed a `phuallty ot corrugations the samebe-I ing smooth, straight and internally projecting spaced ridges, preferably triangulariin cross section, "which begin at Aorv nea lie throat il and extend Y, 'with i gradi'mlly increasing size to thejtop of the nozzle. rlhe least distance trom one ridge tofthe next/ is constant at all points in| their length;` so that the unbroken' strip oi'fsurfacehetween them isoli uniform width from end to end. In the aggregate, however, the increasing section area ol these ribs isin sov sutlicient to prevent the effective internal section area ci the nozzle from increasing gradually and continuously as described. ri'he smokestaclr 13, A{itted through the top of the boiler, has the :flaring petticoat l5, which overhang-s the nozzle at a suitable distance above the saine in the smoke box oi the boiler as With other nozzles of the specified class.

ln the aforementioned modified form of the invention, the parts corresponding),` tov t-he parts 6, 7, l1 and 12, already described, are denoted in Figures 3 and 4 by the numerals 6', 7', ll and l2respec.tively. this modification the internal corrugations ot the shell are the spaced grooves l2, which like the ridges l2, beginning at or' near the throat oil the nozzleand ending at the discharging orifice oi' the same, individually increase in sefl'ion area from beginning` to end. l

fas roinpared with nozzles ,ofi smooth bore, this improvednozzle, producing, as it does, a larger or increased peripheral area oi upon the jet their own form and arrangement and produce thereon corresponding corrugations resembling, as the case may be, either grooves or ridges, and adapted to increase its entraining eiiectiveness.

In this operation, the expanding bore secures the highest velocity of the steam by permitting its expansion Within the nozzle; and the longitudinal corrngations of the kbore produce an increased superficial area of the jet; while the equal spacing of the adjacent corrugations throughout their length permits them to be of uniformly increasing cross-section, and thereby prevents turbulency of the steam without violating the principle of the expanding nozzle.

l claim as my inventionl. An exhaust nozzle of the specified class, having an expanding bore, and a plurality oflongitudinal corrugations formed in the bore and spaced apart therein equally throughout their length. l

2. An exhaust nozzle oi the specified class, having an expanding bore, and a plurality7 of longitudinal inwardly projecting and expanding ridges formed in the bore and spaced apart with a constant least distance from each ridge to the next.

3. An exhaust nozzle, having an internal circular throat, a bore expanding upward from the throat to the outlet or' the nozzle in the form oit va truncated cone, and a plurality of longitudinal internal corrugations formed in the bore, and equally spaced apart from end to end; whereby the :torni of the nozzle is impressed upon the jet delivered thereby.

el. An exhaust steam nozzle, having an internal throat, a bore expanding continuously at a uniform rate 'from the throatL upward to the discharging end ot the nozzle, and a plurality of straight internal corrugations which extend lengthwise of the bore `from within the nozzle to said end, and

throughout their whole extent are of uniformly increasing size and uniformly spaced apart.

5. An exhaust steam nozzle, having an internal throat, a bore expanding at a uniform rate from the throat to the outlet ot the nozzle, and a plurality of inwardly pro" jecting ridges in the expanding portion ot the bore which are uniformly increasing in section area throughout their whole extent and are equally spaced apart from end to end; whereby the nozzle is adapted to de liver a jet oi steam having a plurality cit longitudinal grooves corresponding respectively to the ridges in the nozzle. Y

Witness my signature at Omaha, Ne. braska, May 6th, 1921.

THOMAS E. STUART.

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