US1274485A - Pencil. - Google Patents

Description

W. S. WILLIAMS.

PENCH.

APPLICATION FILED Dsc. s. 1

CG h

lNvEN'roR WITNESSE ATTORNEY u... f/ /de V W. S. WILLIAMS.

PENCIL.

APPLICATION man Dsc. s. 19m:

Patented Aug. 6, 1918 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR ATTORNEV TED ATET FFQE@ "WARREN STEPHEN VJELLILMS, OF ZANESVILLE, OHIO.

PENCFL.

Specification. of Letters atent.

)Patented Aug. 6, 19H8.

Application tiled December 1916. Serial No. 135,427.

I To all Awhom t may concern:

1 :for-mot the outer casing, as Well as the crosssectional form of thecrayon or lead used is immaterial; that is to say, my invention when embodied-inconcrete form will comprise mechanism which may be actuated to feed the lead or crayon irrespective ot' the cross-sectional form of the outer-"casing or of 'the crayon.

Another object of theinvention is to pro-` vide a construction'which will prevent. the

operating parts of the pencil from 'fallingl out when inverted, or from being pulled out when the end cover is removed for exposing the eraser' or when the pencil is removed from the pocket.

Another object of the invention is to ro vide a nozzle or tip having centering devices, which will cooperate with the casing or with a lead holder and guide on the plunger to properly guide the lead or crayon.

A. further object of the invention is to provide a construction which will be com.- pact, simple and durable, and in which a magazine may be located in the actuating bolt, whereby access may behad to surplus leads or crayons without dislodging or dislocating the operating parts.

The means by which the above objects and 'others are obtained are briefly described as follows: The pencil herein illustrated comprises an outer casing which may be of any geometrical cross-section, but which is preferably of uniform cross-section from end to end, being devoid of screw-threads, and the like. Located within the casing is a longitudinally movable nut, which is non-rotatable relatively to the casing. 'Longitudinal movement is given to this nut by means of a rotatable bolt, which is held against longitudinal movement by a suitable bearing, or by a suitable connection with the outer casing. This bolt is centrally arranged and is provided with threads which. engage the threads of the nut. Rotation of the bolt will cause the nut'to move longitudinally of the casing. llChe tip or nozzle of my pencil is provided with suitable centering devices with which the plunger, which is connected to the nut, coperates.

In the particular construction herein illustrated,l the rotating bolt for actuating the nut and plunger is hollow or recessedfto provide a suitable magazine for surplus crayons and leads. The end of the bolt is closed by means oi' a plug, which may sup` port an eraser. Several forms of the invention have been illustrated,.and :tor a fuller disclosure of the same, reference is iliade to the accompanying drawings, in whieh:-

Figure 1 is a side View of one form of my pencil, on a reduced scale.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the same.

Fig. 8 is a cross-section, taken on the line 3-3 of F ig. 2.

- Fig. Il is a cross-section, taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2. Y

Fig. 5 is an end view, looking toward the left of Fig. 2.

Figs. 6 and 7 are slightly modified forms which -illustrate several cross-sectional ,shapes or forms that the 'bore or lead may have. l

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a cylindrical form of my pencil..i

Fig. 9 is a cross-section, on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a view illustrating a slightly modified form of nut which may be used in connection with my invention.

Figfll is,a sectional view thereof onthe line 11-11 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of a slightly modified form of the nut illustrated in F igs.- l0 and 11.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view through a cylindrical form of nut, showing the lugs thereon by which it is connected 'to the outer casing to prevent the relative rotation of the casing and nut.

Figs, 14 to 18 illustrate other cross-scctional forms which the nut of my invention may have.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view, illustrating a` V modified form of bearing and cap for the top ,of the pencil.

. Figs. 20 and 21 illustrate two forms of the iov invention, in which the bearing -for supporting the rotatable bolt is omitted.

Figs. 22=and 23 are modified forms of the devices illustrated in Figs. 20 and 21, and inwhich lugs are provided to preventV the downward movement of the rotatable bolt toward the tip of the pencil.

Fig. 24 is a further modified, form illustrating the way in which the head of the bolt may be mounted within the pencil, and

showing howa key connection may be made between the vcap and the head ofthe bolt when the parts are cylindrical.

Fig. 25 is a cross-section on the line 25--25 of Fig. 24.v v Y Figs. 2 to 25 inclusive are on an enlarged scale.

Referring to Figs..1 to 5,1 have therein illustrated my invention as applied to a pencil having a hexagonal 'cross-section. The outer casing is indicated at 1 and is provided witha tapering nozzle orportion '2. Lo cated within t-his tapering portion of Ithe casing is a centering and clamping member 3, provided with an inner funnel-shaped portion or` centering' device 4 ladapted to properly direct the lead or crayon to the center thereof and into the longitudinally extending tapered portion 5 having a passage 51. The portion ,5 surrounding the passage 5a4 is split as indicated at 6 to allow the adjustment of the same to clamp the lead.' For adjusting this portion of the clamping andtcenterlng member 3the end of the pencil is provided with atip 7 having a screwlthreaded tapered recess 8 which en' circles.. and is attached to the portion 5. Other means besides the screw-threads may beused for adjusting the tip upon the portion 5.- By adjusting the tip over the clamping portion 5, the passage therethrough 1s `contracted to clutch the lead o 1 crayon. The ,tip 7 is not loosened every time the lead is to be propelled forwardly or rearwardly. The clamping device is only intended to be used vwhen the lead is of such a small cross section that it tends to fall out. The ad- .justment should be sufficient to preventy this without interfering with the normal feeding of the lead. In the construction here shown,

lwhen it is necessary to adjust the clamping devlce, where thelead 1s of ay crosssection,

as shown, for instance, in Figs. 6 and 7, the same must be first removed to prevent the breaking thereof. Vlien the cross section -is round, removal is not necessary. This tip is provided with a passage 9, which-is'in aline- 7 ment with the passage 5, As indicated in Fig. 5, this passa e is cylindricah, lalthough other shapes may e given to the sameA as is indlcated .at 9?, Fig. 6, or 9",-Fig. 7. The

- passages 9, 9a and 9b may be roughened, as

' or crayon.

indicated at 10, Fig. 2, to better hold the lead The` tip 7 of the pencil converges,4 and merges with the portion 2 to hamaca It will be noticed by referring to Fig. 4, l that the casing 1 is hexagonal in cross-section, and slidably t'tedwithin this casing is an elongated nut 11 closed at the' end adjacent' the tip, and which corresponds in.

cross-section to the cross-section of the casing, whereby it is rendered non-rotatable and is free to slide longitudinally thereof. The

.nut 'is provided with a cylindrical screw.

threaded bore 12 adapted to receive the bolt whereby the nut is actuated back and forth.

Mounted upon the end of the casing 1 remote from the tip is a bearing 13, which pro-v jects and fits inside of the casing and is j normally fixed' againstlongitudinal movement by any suitable means, and as here shown, by a tight frictional engagement. The bearing 13 is provided with a flange 13, whichprojects over the end of the casing,

wherebyv movement of the bearing toward n the tip is positively prevented, and it is held securely in place. This bearing is provlded with a cylindrical central opening 14, in

which is rotatably mounted thel screw! threaded bolt 15. This bolt is provided with an annular ring 16 iXed thereto inwardly from or below the bearing, whichprevents the movement of the'bolt 'outwardly or up'- wardly, while downward orinward movement of the bolt is prevented by means of the enlarged head 17, which extends above or outside the anged portion 13a of thev bearing.` Y v Where a cylindricalcasing used,as in Fig. 8, the bushingmay be removably secured to the casing-by a screw-threaded engagement, substantially as there shown.

The threaded portionsof the nut and ,bolt

engage, and the rotation of the bolt causesthe rotation of the cap when engaged b the fingers will cause the rotation'of the bo t.

-As illustrated in Fig. 3, the cross-sectional shape ofthe cap .corresponds to the crosssectional shape of the head overl which it passes, and, -m the present instance, these parts are angular, whereby the relative rotaj tion is prevented. j

There has also been provided a suitable clip 22, which engages one of the fiat por` tions 23 ofthe pencil, as is clearly shown in 'Fig'. 1.-

The nut 11 is provided with a plunger 24', which is fixed to the same, and of course,is non-rotatable. This plunger is adapted to pro'ect into the passageways 5a and 9 to fee the llead or crayon forwardly, and to' finalleject it. The plunger should corresponol; in cross-section, to the cross-section of the passageways in order to work prop-- erly.

The outer end of the plunger is slightly enlarged, and loosely mounted thereupon 1s a cylindrical lead holder 26 to hold the lead in alinenient with the plunger. This lead holder is provided with a longitudinal bore or opening 27 having one end reduced iii diameter', so that it will be impossible to ull Vthe same ed the plunger. However, sli ing movement of the holder upon the plunger from the end toward the nut is possible. In

order to place the lead within the holder, the

bearing, bolt and nut are withdrawn from the casing by exerting a `hard pull upon the bearinv' to overcome the fric-tional resistance thereo The. holder isnow drawn to the end of the plunger, as shown in Fig. 2, and the lead inserted through the opening thereot' in alineznent with the plunger. The parts are now reinserted Within the casing and occupy the position shown in Fig. 2. It will be seen, (Fig. 2) that as the bolt is now rotated, the plunger' with the holder 26 and the crayon or lead will be moved toward the i ti As the movement continues, the holder will engage the funnel ortion 4 of the combined centering1`and' 'c amping member 3, andcontinued movement of the holder will then be rendered impossible, but the plunger.

24 will 'still continue to move forwardly pushing the lead with it and guided by the holder, until finally the lead is entirely used up or ejected. When in its extreme forward position, the end of the plunger will be 'atthe end of the tip, and further movement of the same willbe prevented 'by reason of the fact that'the nut will engage the portion l or holder 26. This positive stop the stripping ofthe threads on the olt and nut and the jamming of the plunger in the centering device.

Referring to Figs. 2', 4, 8 and 9, l have there shown an arrangement by which the length'of the lead or crayon remaining 'in the passageways may be known. For this purpose, the nut is provided with a longitudinal slot 29 exposing the bolt. The casing 1 is also provided with a slot 30 extending lengthwise of the bolt andoverlapping the slot 29. In the construction of my pencils,

the threaded portion ofthe bolt will be ot length which is Asubstantially equal to the length of the lead or crayon used.

. In Fig. 8, the end of the bolt is indicated at 31, While the vhead of the nut, which is moved longitudinally by the bolt is indi cated at :32. As'y the bolt is' rotated to feed prevents the lead or crayon, it will benoticed that the portion 32 oi the nut will approach the end of the bolt 31, and the distance between this portion and the end is the indexof the length of the lead or crayon in the passageways.

In order to prevent the rotation of thenut within the casing of the construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9, I have provided this form with Itongues 33, as is clearly shown in Figs. 9 and 13, which project into suitable grooves of the casing whereby the rotation of the nut relatively to the casing is prevented.

The elongated solid construction of nut illustrated in Figs. 2 and 8 may be modified, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. Instead of having an elongated portion, ps above described, the nut may comprise a short annu lar ring 34, which is threaded to engage the bolt, and longitudinally extending bars 35, provided with a cross-piece 36 at the ends ,thereof remote from the annular portion 34. To this cross-piece is fixed the plunger 24, which is ofthe same construction as that disclosed in Fig. 2. The bars 35 may be square as is clearly shown iny Fig. 11, which is a cross-sectional view of Fig. l0,or they. may be round, as shown in Fig. 12 and indicated at 35.

In Figs. 14 to 18, I have illustrated a few of the many cross-sectional forms that my nut may have. The whole idea is to prevent the rotation of the nut within the casing. The casingl will correspond in cross-section to the nut, whereby the relative rotation of the casing and nut is prevented. Each of the nuts', as will be clearly seen from an inspection of these last-mentioned figures, are provided with a cylindrical threaded opening into which projects the bolt, as shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 19, I have illustrated a modiied form of hearing and head for the bolt, in lwhich the main. casing is indicated at 40, and the bearing at 41, the latter having a tight fit with the interior ofthe casing, and being provided with a central opening 42 at its top or outer end. Located above or outside the .bearing is a'head43, which has connected to it, below the bearing,a fork 44, by means of a cylindrical'neck 45, rotatably mounted within the opening of the bearing 41. The bolt 46 is pivotally connected to the fork by means of a cross pin 47. A Silit'- able eraser 48 is mounted in the head 43, and the Whole is covered by means of a cap 49 mounted upon the head non-rotatably.

Whenf access is desired to the surplus leads or crayons located in the magazine of the bolt 46, the Whole structure is pulled out of .the casing and the leads or crayons may be easily removed by swinging vthe head and bearing around the pin or axis 47.

In Fig. 20, I have illustrated a form in which the extra bearing, asv illustrated in Fig. 2, has been omitted. In the modification here shown, the casing is indicated at 50, and thehollow bolt 51 is provided with a head 52, which closelyA its the interior of ed on the end of the bolt, closing the chamber within, the bolt, and within this plug is located the eraser 54. A suitable cover 55 is also provided, which fits over the head of the bolt and is non-rotatable thereon. Y

The close 'engagement Ibetween the head and casing' of the construction in Fig. 20 is normallysuficient to keep the head from falling out. This engagement, however, is not suiicient to prevent the rotation of the head-.when actuated. n

In Fig'. 21, I have shown a still further modified form in which` thehead is shown separate'from the body of the bolt. rl`his head, in the present instance, is indicated at 56, and is rotatably mounted in the end of the casing. )The -hollow bolt 57 is `screw- I l threaded into a recess 58, located inthe op- 'posite end of the head. A suitable cover or cap ;60'is non-rotatably mounted upon the head 56. Inthe construction shown in Figs. and 2-1, however,'it should be noticed that the bearings have been omitted and that the constructions here shown are in connection with cylindrical casings;

In Fig. 22, whichis a construction similar to that shown in Fig. 20, I have provided suitable anges 61, which overlap the end of/ the casing, whereby movement of the bolt Fig. 19,` is provided lwith Aan opening 64. f 'Mounted below this opening is a portion 65 which- 1s connected by means ofthe neck 66 5'0 rotatabl mounted within the opening 64 to a cups ape'd cylindrical portion 67, in whlch 1s' mounted the eraser A68; The bolt is the casing. A plug 53 is removably mounttoward the tip will be prevented. The con- Ashape. 'The centering nozzle is arranged Various devices may be utilized for this purpose, and Ii have herein described several of such devices for sp mounting the cap/ upon the bolt.

- It will be seen from the forms described, that I have provided avery simple mecha# nism of few parts, 'in which the actuating nut is non-rotatable Vin the` casing, vvhereby` the casing may be of any cross-sectional with reference to the plunger so that lthe' lead or crayon may be easily inserted into the same and properly directedl and fed, so

that breaking of the lead or crayon will not lead to feed out throughthel end of the pen-l 'Ihe'rotatable bolt is suitably 80 take place.

' journaled in bearings or otherwise at one end of' the outer casing and projects in.-

wardly a sufiicient distance to advance the nut the necessary distance to feed the crayon or lead. f ,l

In the construction shown in Fig. 2, it is not always necessary to center the lead by means `of the element 25, but the lead may be allowed to slide down the side of the casing, when the operating parts have been removed, into the-passageway 5'. The'plunger, nut and bolt may then be reinserted and the plunger forced forwardly to cause the cil. II`his manner of insertin the lead, how- 95 ever, would not be possible 1n constructions in which the outer casing is. threaded,as such would tend to displace the lead and to break the same. In my' construction the outer casing, as far as longitudinal direction. is concerned, is smooth and devoid of screw-threads, the nut being actuated centrally by means of the threaded bolt, which was described above.

While I have Ashown and describedA sev- 105 eral modifications of my invention,'it is toshown and described, for obvious modifica.l

v movable within said casing and guided by screw-threaded in the lower end ofthe member 65. In'order to prevent vthe rotation of the cap 69, around the cylindrical portion- 67, I yhave provided the same with inwardly -extendingtribs 7 0,'which engage suitable longitudinal tion 67 to yrevent t e rotation off the cap relatively t creto,

In order to rotate the bolt to actuate the plunger, wheneverthe cap is in place, it will l ev necessary to rotate the cap, and for this reason thecap', in each instance, is mounted lupon-the head of the `bolt non-rotatably.

y-extendin grooves upon the porbe understood that Ido not desire to be limited tothe details of construction hereln tions and-changes will'be apparent to. anyone skilled'in the art.

What is claimed isz- 1. In a pencil", a casingl having atip and smooth'internal walls, a nut longitudmally 115 the walls thereof, the interior .of said casing and the exterior of said nut being polyg-t onal in shapeto reventrotation of said nut asv it ismoved a ong the casing, a plunger connected to said nut`to move with the 120 same, a screw-threaded elongatedbolt rotatably mounted within and engaging said nut and of greater length than'th'e latter,

said bolt being hollow throughout and closed at a'll points except the. outer end thereby 125 forming a receptacle for surplus lead, means .for closing the outer end of the bolt, and a cap connected with said outer end ofthe bolt for turning the latter. 1

'2. 'In a pencil, a casing having a tip, an 13'0' Largest elongated hollow nut longitudinally movable within said casing andviittin the interior walls of the same and guider by said Walls, means for preventingthe rotation of said nut, a screw-threaded bolt rotatably mounted within and engaging said nut and also elongated, a plunger fixed to the inner end of said nut, said bolt projecting at its outer end beyond the outer end of the nut and hollow throughout, being closed at all points exceptu the outer end, thereby formlng a receptacle for surplus lead or crayon, meansifor engaging the proj ectin Y outer end of the bolt to rotate the bolt an move the nut longitudinally within the casing, said. boltandl nut being removable from the casing in order to insert fresh lead or crayon into the pencil.

3. ln a pencil, a casing having a tip provided With an. elongated normally ixedpassage adapted to support a lead, `a rotatable bolt mounted centrally and symmetrically arranged withinthe end of the casing remote from the tip and extending inwardly of. the casing for a portion of its length, a nut inclosing said bolt andilling the Space between theinner -portion of the bolt and.

thefcasing, whereby ,lateral thrust upon the bolt is preventedandsaid nut is lrept in mounted withini `the:fca'singf and movable longitudinally @thereof and extending around the inner'end ofthe bolt, said bolt and nuthaving threaded engagement with each other, whereby the 'latter can be moved longitudinally of` the casing, and a plunger attached to the inner end of saidy nut in alinement with said bolt and said passage tnd'adapted to engage the inner end of the cad;

4. A' casing havingl a tip, an elongated hollow'nut longitudinally vmovable lwithin said casing and fitting'the interior walls of the same, and guided by said walls, means for preventing the rotation of said nut, a

plungerforfeeding' the lead or crayon connected to the inner end of said nut, a screw threaded hollow bolt rotatably mounted within4 and engaging said nut' and also elongated and projecting at its outer end beyond the outer end ofthe nut and also beyond the casing so that it may be operated to feed the nut toward the tip, said bolt being closed-at its innerjend ando en at its outer end andforming a-'receptaoe foreur-4 plus' lead or crayon, means'for closing the outer end of the bolt, said boltl and nut with' the plunger beinguremovable from the casf elongated A v able "within said casing and fitting the in.

A ing to permit fresh lead or crayon to be ineo sorted-into the pencilg .y 5. Ina .'pencil, a casing having a tipjan ollow'n'u't longitudinally movteiior walls of the same and guided by said' walls, means for preventing the rotation of said nut, a screw-threaded hollow bolt rotatably mounted within and engaging said nut and also elongated, a plunger fixed to the inner end of said mit, said bolt having a head projecting outside of the casing beyond the nut, and having its inner end closed and its outer end open, a closure for said outer end, and a cap inclosing said head for actuatin the bolt to feed the nut longitudinally, said bolt and nut being removable from the casing in orderto insert fresh lead or crayon into the pencil.

6. ln a pencil, a casing having a tip, a bearing removably fixedin the end of the casing remote from lthe tip and provided with a flange extending outwardly over the end of the casing, ascrew-threaded bolt rotatably mounted centrally within said bearing and provided with an enlarged head at one side thereof and with a ring on the opposite side thereof to prevent axial movement of the bolt relatively to the bearing, a screw-threaded nut non-rotatably mounted within said casing and provided with inin said casing, filling the space between the forward end of the bolt and the casin extending around and across the end o said bolt facing the tip to .retain the bolt in alinement and provided with interior screwthreads in@ engagement with the "screwthreads of the bolt, a plunger carried by said nut at its ipner end and adapted to en age the end of the lead to advance the cad through the tip,v and means for reventing axial movement of said bolt in sald bearing.

. 8. lin a pencil, a casing having a normally' Ifixed lead supportingl tip, a bearing normally lixed in the end of the casing remote from the tip, a fixed guide coactlng with the tip for directing the lead into the same and; rer clamping .it, a Ascrew-threaded bolt rotatably mountedfwithin said bearing, provided with an enlarged head at one side thereof and with a ring on the opposite side thereof toprevent axialmovement of the bolt relatively to the bearing and extending into said casing for a portion of the length of the l'att'er, 4a screwfthreadedQnut non-rokeep it in alinement, and provided with in- .Y tatably mounted withinsaid casing to fill l teriorly arranged screw-threads in engagement with the screw-threads of said bolt, whereby the rotation of the bolt advances the nut within the casing, and a plunger carried by said nut at its inner end to en gage the end of the lead to advance the lead through said tip.

9. In a pencil, a casing having a tip, a

screwsthreaded bolt rotatably mountedwithin said casing, the interior of said bol/t being provided with a chamber forming a magazine to receive surplus lead or crayon,

l a closure provided with an eraser for closing the end of. said chamber and Vmounted upon said bolt, a cap mounted upon the outer end of the bolt and adapted to performv the dual function-of keeping the eraser clean and forming a finger hold to be grasped for rotating the bolt, and a nut-having a plunger and actuated by said bolt to force the llead through the tip.

10. In a pencil, a casing having a tip, a bearing at the end of the casing remote from the tip, a screw-threaded bolt engaging said bearing'and prevented from axial movement thereby, the interior of said bolt being provided with a chamber forming a magazine to' receive surplus lead or crayon,'a 'closure provided with an eraser for closing the end of said chamber, a cap connected with the outer-end of the bolt and adapted toperform the dual function of keeping the eraser f clean and forming a finger hold to be grasped for rotating the bolt and a nut having a plunger and actuated by said bolt to force lead throughthe tip.

' v11. ln a pencil, a casing having a tip at one end, a bearing removably fixed in the end of the casing remote from said tip .and provided with an outwardly extendinglange eX tending across theend of the casing, a screwthreadedbolt engaging said bearing and held from axial'movement relatively t'o the bearing, .a chamber4 in the interior of said boltadapted to receive surplus leads or crayons, al closure 'for said chamber, an eraser supported said closure,.an actuat- -ing cap mounted upon the head of said .bolt

i and adapted to inclose said eraser and anut filling the space betweenthe forward end of I 'the' bolt and the casing,having 'a plunger and actuated by said bolt through the tip. A

12'. In a pencil, a casing having a-tip providedgwitha passage centrally therethrough,

said passagebeingroughened for a portion of, itsv length, a centering device. mounted4 I within the casing and having an inner funnel-shaped end bearing against the yinterior vwall of. the casing and an outer `split end and a passage therethrough from oneend to l the other,which is alined with the passage y,es

of the tip, thesplit end being adjustably mounted withi the tip, the turning of which contracts or expands the split end to force the lead l therebyy providing a clutch for the lead intermediate of thelengthvof the tip, a plunger arranged within the casing and movable longitudinally therein for advancing a lead through the centering device into the" passage in the tip, and means acting upon the plunger to move the same. l

13. In ar pencil, a casing, a centering device at one end of the casing formed with an outwardly tapered' passage therethrough,

said device having a split externallyy thread-A ed outer end, a tip having a passage-centrally therethrough and a threaded socket in its inner end -or adjustably receiving the split externally vthreaded end of the 4said de vice whereby the turning of thetip varies the cross section of the passage of the I,centering device, the said passage of the centering device being alined with the passage of the tip, the split end ofthe said device serving as a vclutch for the lead at a point intermediate of the length of the tip, a`

eol

plunger coperating with said centering device'and tip, and means for actuating the I plunger.

14. In a pencil, a casing, a tip at one end of' the casing having an elongateddead'supporting passage, a centering device having a passage therethrough in alinement with the passage of the tip, said centering device and tip being connected together in fixed-relation, a plunger 1n alinement with said passages and of a length suiicient` to pass deviceto feed the lead through the ti'p,'and.`

means located within l the i casing to feed the plunger forwardly.

15. IIn a pencil, ar casing,a.clamping member havin a passage therethrough, mounted at one en ofthe casing and'provided'with a funnel-shaped portion at lits inner end, and an adjustableclamplng portlon at its outer-end, a tip having an elongated' lead supporting passage .in alinement with said' first-mentioned,passage, mounted upon Iand inclosing said clamping portion and adjustable'thereon for varyingthe-.cross section of y said first-mentioned passage, a. plunger "mounted within said casinganda'dapted to reciprocate `in, said passages, a leadholde'r l loosely encircling said plunger at one end movable thereon inwardly fromkthe. end' and arranged to engage the".funnel-'shapedA portion, and means for actuating said plunger. l

16. In a pencil, a tip having a funnelshaped centering device, a plunger having an enlarged portion at the end thereof ad'acent the centering device, a holder provi ed with an axial opening receiving said plunger and adapted to engage the centering device, said axial openin being reduced at one end to retain the ho der on said' plunger, the opposite end of said opening being adapted to receive and directly engage thelcrayon or lead for directing the same through the tip, clamping portions on the centering device and coacting with the tip for gripping a lead passed into the tip, and means for actuating the plunger.

17. In a pencil, a casin having a tip, a nut movable longitudinal y of said casing ,but non-rotatable relatively thereto, a plunger fixed to said nut, a screw-threaded bolt projectinor into said nut for actuating the same, anc a longitudinally extending slot through said casing whereby the distance between the end of the bolt and the head of the nut may be determined, said distance being the measure of the length of lead remaining in the tip. i

18. In a pencil, a easing having a tip, a scre\vthreaded bolt rotatably mounted within said casing at the end thereof remote from the tip, a hollow and elongated nut nonrotatabl mounted within the casing and provide with interior` screw-threads 1n engagement with the screw-threads of the bolt, a plunger fixed to said nut, and longitudinally extending slots through the casing and nut whereby the distance between the end of the bolt and the head of nut may be determined, said distance being the measure of the length of lead remaining in the tip.

19. In a pencil, a casing, a clamping member at one end of said casing provided with a passage therethrough and having a funnelshaped portion at its inner end and a slotted clamping portion at its outer end, said clamping portion being exteriorly threaded,-

a tip having a passage centrally therethrough and an interiorly threaded socket i in its inner end receiving said slotted clamping portion for varying the cross section of the passage of the clamping member and also providing a clutch at an intermediate point of the length of the tip, the passages of said clamping member and tip being alined, said tip having its passage in advance of the `clutch roughened to frictionally engage the lead, a plunger within said casing adapted to reciprocate in said passages, and means for actuating said plunger.

20. In a pencil, a casing comprising a tip having an elongated passage adapted to rigidly support a lead throughout its length, said passage being roughened to rictionally engage the lead and adjustable to clamp the lead, a screw-threaded bolt havin a head rotatably mounted in the end of t e casing remote vfrom the tip, projecting centrally into thesame for a portion of the lengt-h thereof and arranged symmetrically relatively thereto, a hollow elongated nut encircling said bolt and filling the space between the same and said casing, said nut being movable longitudinally of the casing, but non-rotatable relatively thereto and extending around the inner end of the bolt, a plunger attached to said inner end of the nut centrally thereof in alinement with said bolt and said passage and adapted to engage the inner end of the lead to advance the same through the passage, a centering device within the casing at one end of said plunger for properly centerin the lead into said assage from the rear anc slots through sai casing and nut exposing the bolt, whereby the len thI of lead remaining within the tip may be etermined, said bolt comprising a. magazine adapted to receive surplus leads, a stopper provlded with an eraserAfor closing said magazine, and an actuating l,cap mounted upon the head of said bolt and inclosingsaid eraser.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WARREN STEPHEN. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses;

WILLIAM McCoy, ROBERT C. SHILLING.

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