US1013888A - Gas-engine. - Google Patents

Description

G F. MURPHY.

GAS ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1910.

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GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1910.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

STATES Gnomes r. MURPHY, or raovmnnca, :aHonE ISLAND; assxenoa TO rpm. 011. EN-.

emn company, A coaroaanou or anonn ISLAND.

15,013,888. p c o of letters e t Patented Jan. 9,1912. Application filed May 5, 1910. Serial No. 559,497.

To all whom it mziy comm: 'end of the piston. is cut-away at its edge to Be it known that I, Gnome F. MURPHY, form a cavity 8 having one wall substan- .a citizen of the United States, residing at tially parallel to the {axis of the cylinder Providence, in the county of Providence and another perpendicular thereto and so and State of Rhode Island, have invented located that when the piston is at the forcertain new and useful Improvementsin warden'd of its stroke this cavity will stand Gas-Engines, of which the following 1s a opposite the cavity 5 in the'cyli nder and full, clear, andexact description. together therewith will form a single closed This invention relates to internal combuschamber which I shall designate as the comtion engines, and has speelal reference to pression chambergAtthesame time this 65 the two-cycle type of engme 1n whlchthe cavlty 1n the end of the pistonis also arexplosive mixture is ignited by the heat derangedi to be opposite the inlet ports 4 ofveloped in compression; the cylinder when the. piston is at'the ex- The. object of the-inventionj1s to provide tremitfi of 1ts rearward or working stroke, an engine of this-character, adapted elther and w en in thisposition the cavity 8 serves 0 as a single or, double acting engine which as a deflector to direct the material flowing shall be efficient and economlcal inoperation through. the ports 4 into the cylinder, toand aiford the greatest output in power unward the head thereof. The cylinder is der given conditions. v e To. this end, the invention'consists in cerfor eaeh end which ar'e'of such'shape and loca- 75 tain details of construction which will be tion as to be uncovered by the piston shortl fully hereinafter described and pointed out before the inlet ports'ei are uncovered. The

in the claim. cylinder issurrounded as usual by a water .Referring o the draw1ngs:-F1gure 1 1s a acket 10 and the heads ofthe cylinder are longitudinal. section through a gas engine cored [out-in such a manner that the cool g m constructed in accordance with my 'inven Water is causedto circulate directly. against tio'n. Fig. 2.1s a'slm lar section of an a1r the Inner wall--11 of the head where the pump used in connect on with'the engine; eatest heat is developed. Thewater leads and Fig.3 is a section. on line X-X of cm the inlet pipe 12- through a passage Fig; 1. Figsg-l and 2 should be read 'to-' 3 into an annular passage 14 around which 5 A get e r asif the apparatus of Fig. 2 were it circulates to theopposite side of the head oined to the left side of Fig; 1, so that the whence the water. Joins that in the main two dotted lines a--a' will coincide; jacket through the passage15. Around the 'My invention is 'illustratedin connection lower middlezone of the cylinder is a water with a double acting engine, the piston 1 arch 16'mtended tov cool the walls through 9a .of which is attached to a piston rod2which' 'w'hlch the exhaust .ports '9 lead and thus extends through both heads of the cylinder lower thepre'ssure and noise-of the exhaust. 3 and connects on the right hand end with a Circulation for i a; cooling mediumwithinfly-wheel, not shown,"and at-the left hand the piston is also'provided. Water enters l end with the plston of an air pump herein-. the hollow piston througha passage 17 in 5 4 piston it'barely avoids. touching the cylinder where the greatest heat .is d

- after particularly referred to.-- The cylinder the rod, a cross passag'egld connecting there- 3 is in-length twicethatofthe pistonplus withandpipes-ltl leadi'hg toward the oppothe width ofinlet ports lat'themiddle line of site heads of the 'pisto'n, whereby the .cool e ,the cylinder, so that at each stroke of the water is directed at once against the heads 7 veloped. From heads, leaving only suflicient clearance to the -p 1ston 'chamber..the waterfleads out avoid knocking, asindicated'at the. right through a lateral passage 20 and a longitu- ,hand end of the piston in Fig. 1. At'each dinal passage 21 in the rod. The arrange-- end' of'the cylinder is formed in the wall ment of the'pipes within the piston for di-.

- thereof/a conical cavity 5 having an axis recting the water againstthe heads thereof transverse to that of the) cylinder; In this is believed to be 'an'lmprove'ment over .cavity is an inlet 6-for fuel which is in.- prior cooling= rran gements-for the piston.

' jectedat the proper point in the cycle of The air pump piston to which the piston the en inc by means of the apparatus '2'. rod 2 connects is indicated by 20, and itv which orms no part of my invention." Each -worl :s' in a cylinder: 21- of slightly larger with inlet 23; it is double actmfithe'same as the en into a receiver gine.v

7 amount above atmospheric. The connection between the pump and the engine through the receiver is direct, the pressure in the the wall of the I piston 1 of the engineuntil the ports 4 are receiver being held only by uncovered,

when it is released into the cylinder 3.

The operation of the engine is as follows: V

in cylinder 3 to be at at- Assuming the air a movement of the pisinos heric ressure ton to the left'compresses the air in the c linder until at the end ofthe stroke, it is a l confined in the small compression chamber formed jointly by the cavities 5 and 8. At about the time the piston finishes its stroke crude oil or other suitable fuel is injected into the cavity 5, which upon mixing with the= air becomesan explosive mixture which is at once ignited by the heat developed in the compression of the air. The explosion which follows drives the piston to the opposite end of the cylinder. During this'ex losion stroke the pump piston has raised t e pressure of air in thereceiver 24 to a predetermined degree. As soon as the piston 3 uncovers the exhaustjports 9 the burned ases commence to escape and upon the fina movement of the piston the; air ports 4 are opened and the air is directed by the deflecting walls of cavity 8 toward the front end and along one side of the cyl- R inder whence it is returned to the rear and along the opposite side and drives out all of the products of combustion, the pressure in the cylinder and in the receiver 24 being thereby again reduced to atmospheric before the piston starts on its next cycle. Of course at the opposlte end of the cylinder the same operations take place except that the compression stroke occurs during the power stroke of the other side.

tofore devised that work,

a air pump stroke i By dropping the ai r in receiver to atmospheric pressure at each stroke, two advantages 'are gained. One is, that there will be no reexpansion of air in the clearance space of the pumpv at the beginning of the next stroke, and the other is that the initial air pressure in the engine cylinder at the ways the same, to wit, atmospheric.

So far as known to me gasengines hereon the principle beginning of each compression stroke is al-' of thisone, have taken the airfrom a source under a constant pressure greater than the atmosphere,"so that controlling devices such as reducing valves and cut-offs, all of which are more or lessunreliable, were necessary, but with my engineall such devices are dispensed with and .the pressure is an absolutely known quantity at all points of the cycle.

Havin claim, is: In eombination, engine comprisin having an air et at the middle thereof, an exhaust port, an ofiset cavity in each end of said cylinder and a fuel inlet in each of said cavities, a iston .ha g acavity on each face both 0% which are adapted to coan internal combustion operate with said air inlet to deflect the air 7 entering from he same and each of which g described invention, what I a double. acting cylinder is adapted to co-act with the corresponding to form thereofi'set cavity in the cylinder a doubleacting with a com ression chamber,

aving greaterthan that of the engine cylinder, said pump being directly connected to said engine vpiston,

conduits between pump and the air inlet inder; Inwitness whereof,'I subscribe my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

ofsaid -'engine cyl- Witnesses: s JAMES A. Rocnns, RUFUS S. ADAMS;

a cylmder capacity per.

the pump and engine piston being reciprocable in unison, and a1r,

the respective sides of-said GEQRGEF. MURPHY; Y

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