UA111567U - SKI TRAINING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The ski training device comprises a base, a main platform which moves in an arcuate guide rails, and a foot platform located on the main platform and connected therewith to be able to rotate about a longitudinal axis, and a support post with a dynamic suspension attached to it. The bearing walls of the main and rotating platforms are inclined forward at an angle of 10-18 degrees to the vertical, the axis of rotation of the platforms for the legs is located at an angle of 10-18 degrees to the horizontal, a jumper is fixed to the rear walls of the rotating platforms for the legs, and the dynamic skis are fixed to the skis the suspension consists of a safety belt and suspension elements, elastic or inelastic, the elasticity of which is selected depending on the task of training.

Description

The useful model belongs to sports training devices, namely to simulators for alpine skiing.

It is known that several external and internal forces act on the athlete during downhill skiing, and during the movement of the skier in a turn, two main external forces act on him - radial and centripetal. An athlete achieves the best results only under the condition of effective and reliable opposition to the above-mentioned forces, as well as the vector of their action. That is why, in most ski simulators, attention is focused on the athlete's work on how to more accurately and effectively resist the action vectors of these forces, that is, on the correct position of the skier's torso, legs and arms.

The role of such simulators is especially important when working with young beginners, for whom the correct body position is a primary task at the initial stage of training, when muscle-joint memory is formed for the future. In addition, the need to work on the position of the body is also important for those who start skiing at a mature age.

Many different training devices are known for training skiers. A well-known device for simulating skiing movements | see patent 5 Mo. 7935033, cl. AbZV 69/18, publ. 03.05.2011, which is made in the form of two arc-shaped rails in the horizontal plane, located on the frame, which in turn is placed at an angle to the horizontal plane. A carriage is mounted on movable rails, which contains two platforms for no. Platforms for legs are fixed on a carriage with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis. Handrails are provided to hold the skier. The carriage is connected to the frame through elastic elements that turn it from the extreme to the central position.

The disadvantage of this design is a very small amplitude of movement of the skier's legs between the extreme positions, as a result of which there is a slight inclination of the knees to the inside of the turn. Due to this, the feet, as a projection of the skis, deviate from the horizontal plane by a slight angle, that is, the skis are canted at a very small angle, while the modern technique of a cut turn requires the maximum inclination of the knees inside the turn (toward the center).

Ski simulator or snowboard simulator is also known | see application 5

Mo. 2014243162A1, cl. AbZV 69/18, publ. 28.08.2014), a separate version of which has two arc-shaped horizontal rails located on the frame. On the rails with the possibility

From the movement, a carriage is installed, which contains two platforms for the feet. Platforms for legs are fixed on a carriage with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis. Moving ski pole simulators are provided to hold the skier. The carriage is connected to the frame through elastic elements that turn it from the extremes to the central position.

The disadvantage of this simulator is the same small amplitude of movement of the skier's legs between the extreme positions as in the previous analogue. In addition, the presence of a saddle in this simulator significantly reduces the load on the skier's legs, which reduces training efficiency.

A well-known device for ski training | see patent 5 Mo. 7090621, cl. Ab63B 69/18, publ. 15.08.2006|, which is made in the form of two arc-shaped rails in the vertical plane, located on the frame, and the ends of the arcs are located below their central part. A carriage containing two foot platforms is mounted on movable rails.

Platforms for legs are fixed on a carriage with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis.

Handrails are provided to hold the skier. The carriage is connected to the frame through elastic elements that turn it from the extreme to the central position.

The disadvantage of this design is that the movement of the skier to the extreme positions is actually straight in the vertical plane, which leads to the fact that the feet are always in one plane-parallel position, with a very small angle of inclination. As a result, in extreme positions, the outer leg is almost completely straightened, which is unacceptable from the point of view of modern downhill technique.

The simulator for alpine skiers and slalomists by I.V. Koshutin is the closest to the proposed useful model. | see patent of Ukraine for utility model Me72443, cl. Ab6Z3B 69/18, publ. 27.08.2012, which contains the main platform and connected to it with the possibility of moving left-right and simultaneously rotating clockwise or counterclockwise platforms with ski mounts, and between the main platform and platforms with ski mounts are installed with the possibility of rotation around their axes additional platforms, each of which simulates one of the positions of either the slope, or the skis, or the skier's body, and on the latter is fixed a harness connected to a dynamic suspension.

The disadvantages of the closest analogue include an overly complex system of platforms, which consists of a large number of components, which complicates its maintenance, increases the size of the simulator and its cost. During the athlete's training, there is no fixation of the parallelism of the lower legs, which can lead to the development of false muscle memory

The X-shaped position of the legs, and the presence of ski bindings on the platforms means training exclusively in ski shoes. In addition, the dynamic suspension is attached to a fixed support through blocks, which slows down its response to the skier's movements.

The basis of the proposed useful model is the task of creating a simple and easy-to-maintain ski training device by modifying a well-known simulator for alpine skiers and slalomists, aimed at acquiring muscle memory in the athlete of the correct parallel position of the lower legs, which would have a quick reaction of the dynamic suspension to movements athlete and provided an opportunity for the athlete to train in ordinary shoes, while maintaining the correct inclination of the lower leg forward, and the coach the opportunity to set the correct position of the athlete's body in one or another phase of the turn, both in a dynamic and in a static suspended state.

The task is solved by reducing the number of moving platforms to two levels - the main platform that moves along the guides and platforms for legs rotating around the longitudinal axis.

In addition, the platform for placing the feet is made with an inclination of the load-bearing (front and back) walls forward by 10-18 degrees, which corresponds to the natural inclination of the lower leg of a skier, as ski boots have an inclination of 10-18 degrees.

Due to the fact that the front and rear bearing walls are inclined forward, the axis of rotation of the movable platforms for the feet will deviate by the same value of 10-18 degrees from the horizon. At the same time, the load-bearing walls of the moving platforms have different lengths: the wall corresponding to the heel of the shoe has a longer length. Due to the fact that the walls have different lengths, during movement around the axis of rotation, they will perform amplitudes different in radius, i.e. the lift of the heel of the fixed leg (boot) of the skier will be greater than the lift of the toe. When the foot platform is fully extended to the side with an inclination of 90 degrees, this value will be equal to the same 10-18 degrees. That is, during right-left movement relative to its own axis, the base of the moving platform in the line from the bowl to the heel will deviate at an angle from 0 to 18 degrees in the projection onto the horizontal plane.

When viewed from the side in a vertical plane, due to the fact that the axes of rotation of the moving platforms are deviated by 10-18 degrees, during movement to the right and left, the heel of the skier's foot (boot) will

To rise above the bowl of the foot (shoe) and also at the maximum extension will reach the same value as in the horizontal plane, and the oscillations of the base of the platform will take place in the range from 0 to 18 degrees. At the moment of the greatest deviation to the right or left (which corresponds to the most active phase of the turn), the heel of the foot rises above the bowl, the platform for the feet, and with it the feet and, as a result, the skis, simulate movement on a slope with an inclination of 10-18 degrees, which corresponds to 17 ,7-32,5 Fo.

When moving along the guide rails, the moving platform also shifts (turns) at the extreme points to the right and left by the same 10-18 degrees, which determines the position of the feet (skis) parallel to the line of the slope in the most active phase of the turn.

The athlete's dynamic suspension does not contain blocks and is made of short elastic or inelastic elements fixed to the frame of the simulator. The compactness of the dynamic suspension (made of latex, rubber, elastic cord, leather, etc.) allows it to respond more quickly to the athlete's movements. In the case of using the block, there are always losses, both in strength and in speed. So, in the case of using a suspended block, shoulders are used in a ratio of 1 to 2, while on one of the shoulders there is an elastic element that stretches under the weight of the skier, which is connected to an inelastic part that moves through the block, while moving twice the distance greater than the direct stretching of one elastic element. This slows down the speed of movement and increases the reaction time to the load compared to the use of a direct elastic element used in the claimed simulator.

The elasticity of the elastic elements is selected depending on the weight, intensity and aggressiveness of the exercises. The use of inelastic elements of the dynamic suspension also allows the athlete to be statically suspended for the purpose of muscular fixation of the required body position in one or another phase of the turn.

In addition, on the back wall of the moving platform, a rigid bridge is made, with the help of which it is possible to fix the lower legs of the skier in a parallel position. It is known that today the most progressive technique in mountain skiing is Carving (cut turn), which involves equal loading of both skis, which is achieved only if the skis are equally canted, that is, parallel in their sliding planes. In order for the skis to always be parallel, it is necessary that the skier's homils are parallel. Thanks to the use of a fixing bridge, during the movement from right to left, the lower legs of the skier will always remain in a parallel position according to the parallelogram principle. The width of the leg position can be changed depending on the age, height of the athlete and technique. This is especially important when working with beginners and children, in order to fix the muscle-joint memory of driving the legs in a turn at the initial stage of learning, as well as to avoid a gross mistake in the future, when the knees of the legs are brought together in the so-called X-shaped driving, which does not allow uniform loading of skis in a turn.

An additional variant of the implementation of the proposed solution provides for a change in the guide arc-shaped rails, namely, raising their central part relative to the horizontal plane. When using the proposed guide rails on the simulator, the skier moving on them in the middle of the arc of the simulator (corresponding to the active phase of re-rolling between turns) will need to push the legs, and this will cause a slight backward deflection, which exactly corresponds to the Avalman turning technique or rapid overturning due to sharp bending.

Also, the ski training device can additionally contain movable ski poles with their drive mechanism, whereby the movement of the main platform to the right or left will lead to the lifting of the ski pole on the athlete.

As a result of the changes made, as evidenced by the author's experience, the training and development of both beginners and advanced skiers in the skills of a modern carving turn through multiple repetitions of exercises that directly affect the skier's muscle-joint memory and the development of coordination take place much faster. accuracy and automaticity of movements and, as a result, faster and error-free transfer of fixed movements to real descent.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawings:

Figure 1 shows a general view of the proposed ski training device; figure 2 - ski training device, side view; figure C - ski training device, top view; figure 4 - ski training device, view during training; figure 5 - ski training device, side view during training; figure 6 - main platform with rotating platforms for legs;

From figure 7 - the position of the body of a professional athlete when turning; figure 8 - body position of a professional athlete when turning; figure 9 - a separate implementation of a ski training device with guide rails having a rise of their central part relative to the horizontal plane; Figure 10 is a separate embodiment of a ski training device, which additionally contains movable ski poles with their drive mechanism.

The exercise machine for alpine skiers, both beginner, professional and sports level, consists of a main moving platform (1) and two rotating platforms for legs (2), fixed on it in such a way that allows them to make pendulum movements from side to side around the longitudinal axis In turn, the main platform has roller wheels, with the help of which it moves to the right and left of the center along the guide rails (3), made in the form of an equal arc as part of a circle. At the moment of passing the turn, in its most active phase, the body and pelvis counter-rotate, as a result of which the knees shift by the same amount as the pelvis according to the parallelogram principle, which entails a shift of the feet by the same amount, if mutually parallel.

The guide rails have a length of about 3 meters, which makes it possible to make the maximum amplitude of movements to the right and to the left. All this is fixed on the base of the simulator (4), to which the main support rack (5) with an additional (removable) support for maintaining balance (6) is attached. A safety belt (7) is worn on the skier, to which hanging elements (loops) (8) are attached on both sides of the skier with one end, and with the other ends to the support post (5) on the right and left of the skier.

The safety belt (7) with the suspension elements (8) make up the dynamic suspension. During movement, the swimmer is actually suspended on a dynamic suspension, which simulates opposition to centripetal force and gravity and prevents the athlete from falling. During the movement of the main platform (1) to the right and left, the elastic element (10), which simulates the opposition of the centrifugal force and the reaction of the support, returns it to the central position. A jumper (9) is made on the back wall of the rotating platforms for legs (2), which, with the help of belts (11), fixes the lower legs in a parallel position.

Fixation of the skier's feet in the rotating platforms (2) is carried out with the help of belts (12).

Thus, the skier, moving along the guides to the right and left, and being suspended on a dynamic suspension, will be able to imitate the ski technique of turning without hindrance in general.

A separate implementation of the proposed simulator contains additional equipment designed exclusively for athletes training in slalom and giant slalom (Fig. 10). Additional equipment is installed in front of the skier and is attached to the base of the simulator (4). The main supporting element is an additional longitudinal crossbar (13), on which two hinge mechanisms (14) are installed, to which two ski holders (15) are attached (those used for setting up slalom tracks in skiing), while the distance between the hinges is possible change. In the free position, the handles are tilted forward from the skier and from the vertical plane (half-lying forward). The hinged mechanisms (14) have a lever for lifting the handles (16) and a return spring (for returning the handles to their original position, half-lying forward). The lever (16) is made in the shape of a handkerchief and has several holes for changing the arm of the lever. An elastic cord (17) is attached to the lever at one end and then through the block system (18) the other end is attached to the main moving platform (1).

The alpine ski training device according to the declared utility model is used as follows.

First, a safety belt (7) is put on the skier in such a way that the attachment points of the elastic elements (8) to the belt are located opposite the hip joints, and its lower strap goes below the gluteal muscles to better support the athlete's body.

The skier stands with his feet on the rotating platforms (2) and fastens the suspension elements (8) to the safety belt, having previously thrown them around the support post (5) to the right and left of him. Fixes lower legs with straps (11) and feet with straps (12). After that, the skier is ready to perform exercises.

So, the skier begins to perform the exercise, for this he begins to roll the main moving platform (1) with pendulum movements to the right and to the left, which moves to the right and left on roller wheels with guide rails (3). The lower elastic element (10) helps the skier to return to the initial position, which after stretching pushes the skier to the center (of the turn).

When performing the exercises, beginner skiers can hold on to a support for balance (6), and more advanced athletes can do the exercises with or without ski poles. So for athletes, it is possible to simulate various disciplines of alpine skiing,

For example, by standing in the downhill position, you can practice the turns corresponding to this discipline. In addition, for example, by standing in a suspended turning rack (hanging on elastic loops), in one turn you can change the angle of attack and edge by direct rocking, both due to your own weight and due to external influence (by the trainer).

Another important aspect of working with a simulator is static work. This is especially important for beginners. Elastic elements (8) are replaced by inelastic ones, but adjustable in length. After that, the skier is suspended in the turn and the coach or instructor can set the correct stance at the moment of passing the turn, that is, the legs and arms are mechanically corrected and the correct inclination and position of the skier's body is set.

In order to work out the Avalman turning technique or rapid re-edging due to sharp bending, it is planned to change the guide rails to arc-shaped ones, with the elevation of their central part relative to the horizontal plane. When using the proposed guide rails on the simulator, the skier moving along them, in the middle of the arc of the simulator (corresponding to the active phase of re-rolling between turns), presses the legs, with a simultaneous slight deviation of the body back.

For slalom or giant slalom training, additional equipment with ski handles and their drive mechanism is installed to the ski training device. During the movement of the platform to the right or left, the elastic cord (17) is stretched and pulls the lever (16) with it, which leads to the lifting of the poles with the poles on the athlete, thereby simulating the attack of the pole, as when passing the track on a real slope.

Holders with poles are raised in turn depending on the position of the platform. The sequence of lifting the handles can be changed by switching the ends of the elastic cord (17) attached to the levers (16) from right to left. So, for slalom training when the platform (1) is positioned on the right, the right handle is used (in the left - left position), therefore, with this ratio, the handle will rise in the direction of the athlete's torso, and for giant slalom training, on the contrary, when the platform is on the right, the left handle is used (in the left - right), so the handle will rise in the direction of the athlete's shoulder and forearm, which corresponds to the technique of passing sports tracks in these disciplines.

Thus, the proposed useful model makes it possible to create a simple and easy-to-maintain ski training device aimed at acquiring the athlete's muscle memory for performing a correct modern carving turn, which has a quick reaction of the dynamic suspension to the athlete's movements, enables the athlete to train in ordinary shoes, while maintaining the correct inclination of the lower leg forward, as well as the opportunity for the athlete to practice the technique of turning Avalman or fast cornering, slalom and giant slalom, and the coach - the opportunity to set the correct position of the athlete's body in one or another phase of the turn, both in dynamic and and in a static suspended state.

Claims (3)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. An alpine ski training device comprising a base, a main platform moved by 10 arc-shaped guide rails, and foot platforms located on the main platform and rotatably connected thereto, and a support post with a dynamic fixed thereto suspension, which is distinguished by the fact that the bearing walls of the main and rotating platforms are made with a forward inclination at an angle of 10-18 degrees to the vertical, the axis of rotation of the foot platforms is located at an angle of 10-18 degrees to the horizontal, the rear 15 walls of the rotating foot platforms are fixed a bridge for fixing the skier's legs, and the dynamic suspension consists of a safety belt and suspension elements, elastic or inelastic, the elasticity of which is chosen depending on the training task. 2. Alpine skiing training device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the arc-shaped guide rails have a rise of their central part relative to the horizontal plane, in such a way that their central part is above the side parts. 3. Alpine skiing training device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that it additionally contains movable ski poles with a mechanism for their drive, while the movement of the main platform to the right or left leads to the lifting of the ski pole on the athlete. Her wife from neeeev WHAT and |! schoyi Miz su SHA 28 ZE shi ya shchi Zh sen OO Zh S ZK soyu KE As. Б M, ш- и юЩ B щ YOU Sho . . Che in his cheek and it's still a cheek. 2 Shen 5 NI I wife VK o ON nn Oh and I V On YN I "sonne ki. Z sessnn ON : she yo and EK o TIVY SE her : with MORE Fig. 4 (c) In Eto to t V ost approx G5. and M: z a and shi same SHT and UNO i i EV o VU KAH and vk o. ; / and sho z B z o I Ma B 0. x a I o. I You and Xoseya hm KO t CASTLES GP VVVYA SHE EN Pr I SHO voome I i. PEKY o sho V S her - 7 KO s TO I o M z Z that o ZYM, ve them OO PK rya I shcha o ZO, LYPIINYU, Pe VZHK also CHU and OD and ME, o SO and: Mu ZA, I - Oh HO roya I 5 VH KI r a i - iE. and that's OK. and oo MV. 5 TA M M M NN SCHA OK OV SHE chChNg. 5 axis M i w Z SHE: that xx H 7 u i H : and x. Z ZON OKH, M Mykh ek kmoy KI i yogu SYA GU NYA Nezho a Kos nya shchi nan HM Code vonnttyuttnnutyuituuentyuvttotya tet yukky TNK I mm mk ho went to pri rkryatt v EN iz: | install it in the Эх codec : / Н : | one thing and: her KE! ud a More SN : | KK dates and MORE : ! that and ker that sn | SKD o NN Ya t y v ! fig. 5 DOK Kok VO "VH ooo dutuh LANGUAGE sing OO pimu, V ov o now vh sh- 3 t SHO KK KK KK KU ro: 0 BIZNSHEE Bo ; OA VV o p NI zh Vo OH KO p h che KI: oh ohin OS juices M i: m. I can M SHYTS Koh Vo M - Re SHHI PD ZHK in M SHO M Oh o MO I :VNEYAV PE "KK OKO Ko Myh IY SHE KO de KK OKH SCHI SHOE so a s KOVI vah i. KEKV E o st o VK Z s Ks vy Eh EN NNYA BETWEEN ZHK, NO sai OO h shchi Z oh Y -- o ok o o SHOS sia Shk u M Pon KO R lily ven v V OO o p v o v o VV W ONY MOB i SHY x Fig KO, OKA KAK KO - Bu Zh MO VI ee BI s B Zoi OKO MN x SCHE EE i still i oo NYA Kk PE KY ZH KI OO : S ka EE Kv, M ME KK Kiya SE BesYA OB Ko SCHE U a ZK OK sa OK OOKNN I SHE KE OO ENN KM B MO PEKY. TYN V KAK BO OH OM v U o. o ECO I "M a z 5 nn I Z z u h WHAT B Ha Zhe B Oh E MKK AK KV KK Se p VO r KK . . and Bo Ш sho and ККД sh re ЭЭ ZK Э BO zi ЖЖ sh he I fri OK son ДН я КИ ! S, more: B Z: ENN y s h I MKK, yes I OSS KZ donya! OKKKNNNNNNNNNN NN I Kn i. And OLENY KINN we litiiiiya what and: 0 ev I m Z YOU : Ж B p. рхЯ DY t p : шШ KO I her ve B. Ol U I EYA shchi SHE | What else is there? U : what B SHK sn Vu S I Mn B NE - Bk PE I voYA -. SHY p TEZ WE I I KO still spoke: Jhe : I What JJ in OO ! Ann VE NI NYA TE I SHE be Z VN V VN Y I ZO Z Ш, Lyne pi in sx FRI Wash I CHO SEC KEN Mone p pd I enne OH CHE, Z