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TWI761273B - 抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物 - Google Patents

抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物 Download PDF

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TWI761273B
TWI761273B TW110128614A TW110128614A TWI761273B TW I761273 B TWI761273 B TW I761273B TW 110128614 A TW110128614 A TW 110128614A TW 110128614 A TW110128614 A TW 110128614A TW I761273 B TWI761273 B TW I761273B
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woven
blood
protective clothing
waterproof layer
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TW202307310A (zh
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林甫駿
廖炳森
蔡亞彤
王聰嘉
王秋迪
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衛普實業股份有限公司
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Priority to TW110128614A priority Critical patent/TWI761273B/zh
Priority to CN202110948617.6A priority patent/CN115703290A/zh
Priority to JP2021140154A priority patent/JP7217321B1/ja
Priority to US17/476,154 priority patent/US11998073B2/en
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Abstract

本發明乃是一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其包括：一非織物層，該非織物層具二表面；一高透濕防水層，該高透濕防水層為多孔隙薄膜，其高透濕防水層貼合於該非織物層的其中一表面上；及一彈性填孔層，該彈性填孔層為親水性聚氨酯，其彈性填孔層塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層表面，且該彈性填孔層之厚度較該高透濕防水層更薄；其特徵是，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液透過性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘；及該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之Phi-X174噬菌體穿透性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘。

Description

抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物
本發明涉及用於血液及病毒阻隔之防水透濕複合不織布開發，其具備阻隔病毒、細菌、血液傳染及感染懸浮口沫氣膠之P3等級(CNS14798)耐彎折、抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物。
傳染病疫情爆發時醫療防護裝備需求量短期內倍數暴增，其醫療防護裝備價格也隨之上漲，各國家開始注重包括防護衣和口罩等防護裝備短缺問題。其中防護衣須具備高阻隔性、透濕性、防水性及輕量化之強韌膜材要求，而歐盟EN14126、美國AAMI及台灣CNS等標準均對病毒及細菌防疫用之防護衣有標準規範，傳統P3等級(CNS14798)醫療防護衣透氣度不佳，仍有待開發。
過去單層透氣薄膜由於孔洞的透氣路徑短無法阻擋病毒阻隔，若厚度提升以加長透氣路徑，亦無法達到高透氣性要求。先前技術仍無法達到最佳化效果，致使防護衣穿戴者舒適性不佳無法長時間穿戴。當流行病爆發時防護衣的需求量增大，由於醫護人員需要長時間穿戴防護衣，因此新一代的防護衣於防護性需維持一定效果，而舒適性提升將是未來開發課題。
先前技術使用透氣性複合薄片材料之研究，如中華民國專利 號089110815所揭露，係關於具有頂片、後片及頂片與後片間之吸收核心之吸收物件。後片包含水蒸氣可滲透而實質上液體不可滲透之複合薄片材料，其包含黏至水蒸氣可滲透之熱塑性薄膜之紡黏之不織布。不織布包含主要由可與用來黏合網之黏合劑相容之纖維所組成之第一層以及由有些可與黏合黏著劑相容而有些不可相容之纖維之摻合物與熱塑性薄膜所組成之第二層。另一先前技術針對透濕性薄膜研究，如中華民國專利號102144782所揭露，該透濕性薄膜，係能維持通氣性、透濕性、機械強度及實用性，且耐透液性。該發明的透濕性薄膜係由含有：含融解波峰溫度為130~150℃且密度0.940~0.970g/cm 3之聚乙烯樹脂的聚乙烯樹脂組成物(A)、無機填充材(B)、及苯乙烯系彈性體(C)；且相對於上述聚乙烯樹脂組成物(A)與無機填充材(B)之合計100質量份，經添加上述苯乙烯系彈性體(C)1~20質量份的樹脂組成物構成；其中，滲出面積係未滿5%。
先前技術針對一種具有抗微生物化合物的布料的製造方法研究，如中華民國專利號105106057所揭露，該抗微生物化合物結合或附著在該布料上。該經處理的布料，該布料本身即可作為消毒材料或滅菌材料。該經處理的布料也展現耐洗滌及非浸出特性。其中所使用的浸染液包括一種或多種抗微生物劑，以及將該經處理的布料作熱處理的步驟。又先前技術針對血液與病毒阻礙之複合織物塗層研究，如中華民國專利號099118884所揭露，一種複合織物，其包含一不織物，一可熔纖維之完全壓延的不織物較佳；及一單片可透氣的聚合物層，其在該織物的至少一邊表面上且具有優良的透氣性、好的抗磨性及提供對抗血液及病毒試劑二者的保護。一種複合織物，其包含在纖維狀基材織物上的單片塗層，該複合物具有MVTR至少1500克/平方公尺/天及通過ASTM F1670血液阻礙測試與ASTM F1671病毒阻礙測試二者。
抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物需要求具備高透濕度，同時具備防止血液及病毒穿透；換句話說血液及病毒阻隔防水透濕複合不織布之表面必須要做得滴水不漏，但氣體又要能夠排出。本發明乃是一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其包括：一非織物層，該非織物層具二表面，其非織物層的基重≦70g/m2；一高透濕防水層，該高透濕防水層為多孔隙薄膜，其高透濕防水層的基重介於5~30g/m2，其高透濕防水層中粉體重量百分比含量40~70%，牽伸倍率≦400%，高透濕防水層中粉體平均粒徑介於0.5~3μm，且該粉體選用碳酸鈣(CaCO3)，其高透濕防水層貼合於該非織物層的其中一表面上；及一彈性填孔層，該彈性填孔層為親水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic polyurethane)，該親水性聚氨酯選用至少一親水性水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic waterborne polyurethane)及親水性油性聚氨酯(hydrophilic solventborne polyurethane)，其彈性填孔層塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層表面，且該彈性填孔層之厚度較該高透濕防水層更薄；其特徵是，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液透過性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘；及該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之Phi-X174噬菌體穿透性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘。其中，該高透濕防水層為散佈該粉體後牽伸之多孔隙聚丙烯薄膜。該非織物層之材質選自水針非織物、針軋非織物、紡黏非織物或熔噴非織物所組成。該非織物層內之纖維直徑為0.5~40μm。該非織物層內之纖維材料為至少一聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚乙烯醇、嫘縈、棉、聚胺基甲酸酯和苯乙烯(Styrene)-乙烯(Ethylene)/丁烯(Butylene)-苯乙烯(Styrene)共聚物。該高透濕防水層為3層之共押出薄膜，其層比為1：1：1、1：2：1、1：3：1、1：4：1或1：5：1。該高透濕防水層與彈性填孔層之厚度比例為16：1.5至16：3。該高透濕防水層貼合於該非織物層的透濕度介於1500~7500g/m2.24hr。該非織物層之基重40~100g/m2，該非織物層之透濕度達 ≧1500g/m2.24hr。該高透濕防水層中粉體重量百分比含量40~60%，該高透濕防水層之透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr。該高透濕防水層中粉體平均粒徑2μm，該高透濕防水層之透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr。該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr。本發明抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物包含有非織物層表面具有至少三層之共押出薄膜之高透濕防水層，再以彈性填孔層塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層表面，以達到高耐水壓及高透氣性之抗血液及病毒功能。其結構及功能有別於過去習知技藝具差異化，其新穎、進步及實用效益無誤。有關本發明所採用之技術、手段及其功效，茲舉一較佳實施例並配合圖式詳細說明於後，相信本發明上述之目的、構造及特徵，當可由之得一深入而具體的瞭解。
101:非織物層
201:高透濕防水層
2011:第一層之共押出薄膜
2012:第二層之共押出薄膜
2013:第三層之共押出薄膜
20111:粉體
301:彈性填孔層
第1圖係顯示本發明第一實施態樣之結構圖。
第2圖係顯示本發明第二實施態樣之結構圖。
以下係藉由特定的具體實施例說明本發明之實施方式，熟習此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地了解本發明之其他優點與功效。本發明亦可藉由其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用，本說明書中的各項細節亦可基於不同觀點與應用，在不悖離本發明之精神下進行各種修飾與變更。
首先敬請閱第1圖顯示，本發明乃是一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其包括：一非織物層101，該非織物層101具二表面，其非織物層101的基重≦70g/m2；一高透濕防水層201，該高透濕防水層201為多孔隙薄膜，其高透濕防水層201的基重介於5~30g/m2，其高透濕防水層201中粉體20111重量百分比含量40~70%，牽伸倍率≦400%，高透濕防水層201中粉體20111平均粒徑介於0.5~3μm，且該粉體20111選用碳酸鈣(CaCO3)，其高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的其中一表面上；及一彈性填孔層301，該彈性填孔層301為親水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic polyurethane)，該親水性聚氨酯選用至少一親水性水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic waterborne polyurethane)及親水性油性聚氨酯(hydrophilic solventborne polyurethane)，其彈性填孔層301塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層201表面，且該彈性填孔層301之厚度較該高透濕防水層201更薄；其特徵是，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液透過性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14799)；及該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之Phi-X174噬菌體穿透性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14800)。其中，該高透濕防水層201為散佈該粉體20111後牽伸之多孔隙聚丙烯薄膜。該非織物層101之材質選自水針非織物、針軋非織物、紡黏非織物或熔噴非織物所組成。該非織物層101內之纖維直徑為0.5~40μm。該非織物層101內之纖維材料為至少一聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚乙烯醇、嫘縈、棉、聚胺基甲酸酯和苯乙烯(Styrene)-乙烯(Ethylene)/丁烯(Butylene)-苯乙烯(Styrene)共聚物。該高透濕防水層201與彈性填孔層301之厚度比例為16：1.5至16：3。由於該彈性填孔層301為聚氨酯材質，經印刷或塗佈後將形成一層無孔隙透濕層，有阻擋病毒之功能。又，該彈性填孔層301之透濕度相對該高透濕防水層201之多孔隙結構較低。據此，本發明藉由控制該高透濕防水層201之膜厚，大於該彈性填孔層301之膜厚，以令該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之整體透濕度提升。此 外，該高防水透濕層之材料(聚丙烯)較該彈性填孔層301之材料(聚氨酯)成本更低。藉由調配該高防水透濕層與該彈性填孔層301之厚度配比，能達到在確保高透濕度及抗血液病毒穿透的前提下，同時節省成本之有益效果。該高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的透濕度介於1500~7500g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。該非織物層101之基重40~100g/m2，該非織物層101之透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。該高透濕防水層201中粉體20111重量百分比含量40~60%，該高透濕防水層201之透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。該高透濕防水層201中粉體20111平均粒徑2μm，該高透濕防水層201之透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。本發明抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14799)，及病毒穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14800)，亦即通過CNS14798國家標準P3等級測試。
參照第2圖所示，為本發明之第二實施例。實施例中一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其包括：一非織物層101，該非織物層101具二表面，其非織物層101的基重38g/m2；一高透濕防水層201，該高透濕防水層201為3層之共押出薄膜，其高透濕防水層201的基重12g/m2，其高透濕防水層201中粉體20111重量百分比含量55%，牽伸倍率400%，高透濕防水層201中粉體20111平均粒徑2μm，且該粉體20111選用碳酸鈣(CaCO3)，其高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的其中一表面上，其高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的透濕度5000g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)；及一彈性填孔層301，該彈性填孔層301為親水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic polyurethane)，該親水性聚氨酯選用親水性水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic waterborne polyurethane)或親水性油性聚氨酯(hydrophilic solventborne polyurethane)，其彈性填孔層301塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層201表面，且該彈性填孔層301之厚度較該高透濕防水層201更薄；其特徵是，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液透過性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14799)；及該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之Phi-X174噬菌體穿透性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14800)。其中，該非織物層101為之材質選自水針非織物、針軋非織物、紡黏非織物或熔噴非織物所組成。其中，該非織物層101內之纖維直徑為10μm。其中，該非織物層101內之纖維材料為之材質選自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚乙烯醇、嫘縈、棉、聚胺基甲酸酯或苯乙烯(Styrene)-乙烯(Ethylene)/丁烯(Butylene)-苯乙烯(Styrene)共聚物。本實施態樣中，該高透濕防水層201為3層之共押出薄膜，其包含第一層之共押出薄膜2011、第二層之共押出薄膜2012及第三層之共押出薄膜2013，其層比為1：1：1、1：2：1、1：3：1、1：4：1或1：5：1。本發明藉由將該高透濕防水層201分為3層並個別散布該粉體20111後予以牽伸，延長該第一層之共押出薄膜2011、該第二層之共押出薄膜2012及該第三層之共押出薄膜2013彼此間之透氣路徑，達到防止病毒穿透之效果。其中，該高透濕防水層201與彈性填孔層301之厚度比例為16：1.5至16：3。其中，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物透濕度達平均3600g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。實施例中之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14799)，及病毒穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14800)，亦即通過CNS14798國家標準P3等級測試。
另一實施例中一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其包括：一非織物層101，該非織物層101具二表面，其非織物層101的基重70g/m2；一高透濕防水層201，該高透濕防水層201為3層之共押出薄膜，其高透濕防水層201的基重5g/m2，其高透濕防水層201中粉體20111重量百分比含量40%，牽伸倍率300%，高 透濕防水層201中粉體20111平均粒徑1μm，且該粉體20111選用碳酸鈣(CaCO3)，其高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的其中一表面上，其高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的透濕度7500g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)；及一彈性填孔層301，該彈性填孔層301為親水性聚氨酯，該親水性聚氨酯選用至少一親水性水性聚氨酯或親水性油性聚氨酯，其彈性填孔層301塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層201表面；其特徵是，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液透過性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14799)；及該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之Phi-X174噬菌體穿透性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14800)。其中，該非織物層101之材質選自水針非織物、針軋非織物、紡黏非織物或熔噴非織物所組成。其中，該非織物層101內之纖維直徑為0.5μm。其中，該非織物層101內之纖維材料之材質選自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚乙烯醇、嫘縈、棉、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚酯/嫘縈混纖、聚乙烯/嫘縈混纖或苯乙烯(Styrene)-乙烯(Ethylene)/丁烯(Butylene)-苯乙烯(Styrene)共聚物。其中，該高透濕防水層201為3層之共押出薄膜，其層比為1：1：1、1：2：1、1：3：1、1：4：1或1：5：1。其中，該高透濕防水層201與彈性填孔層301之厚度比例為16：1.5至16：3。其中，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物透濕度達平均3600g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。實施例中之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14799)，及病毒穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14800)，亦即通過CNS14798國家標準P3等級測試。
再一實施例中一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其包括：一非織物層101，該非織物層101具二表面，其非織物層101的基重40g/m2；一高透濕防水層201，該高透濕防水層201為3層之共押出薄膜，其高透濕防水層201的基重30g/m2，其高透濕防水層201中粉體20111重量百分比含量70%，牽伸倍率400%，高 透濕防水層201中粉體20111平均粒徑3μm，且該粉體20111選用碳酸鈣(CaCO3)，其高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的其中一表面上，其高透濕防水層201貼合於該非織物層101的透濕度1500g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)；及一彈性填孔層301，該彈性填孔層301為親水性聚氨酯，該親水性聚氨酯選用至少一親水性水性聚氨酯或親水性油性聚氨酯，其彈性填孔層301塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層201表面；其特徵是，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液透過性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14799)；及該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之Phi-X174噬菌體穿透性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘(CNS14800)。其中，該非織物層101之材質選自水針非織物、針軋非織物、紡黏非織物或熔噴非織物所組成。其中，該非織物層101內之纖維直徑為40μm。其中，該非織物層101內之纖維材料之材質選自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚乙烯醇、嫘縈、棉、聚胺基甲酸酯或苯乙烯(Styrene)-乙烯(Ethylene)/丁烯(Butylene)-苯乙烯(Styrene)共聚物。其中，該高透濕防水層201為3層之共押出薄膜，其層比為1：1：1、1：2：1、1：3：1、1：4：1或1：5：1。其中，該高透濕防水層201與彈性填孔層301之厚度比例為16：1.5至16：3。其中，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物透濕度達平均3600g/m2.24hr(CNS 12222)。實施例中之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14799)，及病毒穿透性通過壓力>13.8kPa測試結果顯示未穿透(CNS14800)，亦即通過CNS14798國家標準P3等級測試。
本發明乃是一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物包含有非織物層101表面具有至少三層之共押出薄膜之高透濕防水層201，再以彈性填孔層301塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層201表面之特徵，可提升抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之耐彎折特性，實施例中彎折180度至少5000次，該彎折處以目視觀察均無龜裂現 象，其有別於過去習知技藝具差異化，其新穎、進步及實用效益無誤。故可有效改進習知缺失，使用上有相當大之實用性。
綜觀上述，本發明實施例所揭露之具體構造，確實能提供耐彎折、高耐水壓及高透氣性之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之應用，以其整體結構而言，既未曾見諸於同類產品中，申請前亦未見公開，誠已符合專利法之法定要件，爰依法提出發明專利申請。
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之一較佳實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明書內容所作之等效變化與修飾，皆應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。
101:非織物層
201:高透濕防水層
2011:第一層之共押出薄膜
2012:第二層之共押出薄膜
2013:第三層之共押出薄膜
20111:粉體
301:彈性填孔層

Claims (10)

  1. 一種抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其包括：一非織物層，該非織物層具二表面，其非織物層的基重≦70g/m2；一高透濕防水層，該高透濕防水層為多孔隙薄膜，其高透濕防水層的基重介於5~30g/m2，其高透濕防水層中粉體重量百分比含量40~70%，牽伸倍率≦400%，高透濕防水層中粉體平均粒徑介於0.5~3μm，且該粉體選用碳酸鈣(CaCO3)，其高透濕防水層貼合於該非織物層的其中一表面上；及一彈性填孔層，該彈性填孔層為親水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic polyurethane)，該親水性聚氨酯選用至少一親水性水性聚氨酯(hydrophilic waterborne polyurethane)及親水性油性聚氨酯(hydrophilic solventborne polyurethane)，其彈性填孔層塗佈或列印於高透濕防水層表面，且該彈性填孔層之厚度較該高透濕防水層更薄；其特徵是，該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之合成血液透過性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘；及該抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物之Phi-X174噬菌體穿透性可耐壓力2.0psi持續1分鐘。
  2. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該高透濕防水層為散佈該粉體後牽伸之多孔隙聚丙烯薄膜。
  3. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該非織物層之材質選自水針非織物、針軋非織物、紡黏非織物或熔噴非織物所組成。
  4. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該非織 物層內之纖維直徑為0.5~40μm。
  5. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該非織物層內之纖維材料為至少一聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚乙烯醇、嫘縈、棉、聚胺基甲酸酯和苯乙烯(Styrene)-乙烯(Ethylene)/丁烯(Butylene)-苯乙烯(Styrene)共聚物。
  6. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該高透濕防水層為3層之共押出薄膜，其層比為1：1：1、1：2：1、1：3：1、1：4：1或1：5：1。
  7. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該高透濕防水層與彈性填孔層之厚度比例為16：1.5至16：3。
  8. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該高透濕防水層貼合於該非織物層的透濕度介於1500~7500g/m2.24hr。
  9. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該非織物層之基重40~100g/m2，該非織物層之透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr。
  10. 如請求項1所述之抗血液及病毒之防護衣用非織物，其中，該高透濕防水層中粉體重量百分比含量40~60%，該高透濕防水層之透濕度達≧1500g/m2.24hr。
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