TWI745698B - Waste conversion device and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A waste conversion device and an operation method thereof are provided. The conversion device includes a reaction tank, a water inlet tank, and a cooling tank. The reaction tank includes a reaction tank body, a heater, a filter, and a pipe. The water inlet tank is configured to introduce water into the reaction tank, and the cooling tank includes a cooling tank body and a cooler.

Description

Waste conversion device and operation method thereof

The present invention relates to a conversion device and an operation method thereof, in particular to a waste conversion device and an operation method thereof.

In recent years, due to the increasing shortage of energy and resources in the world and the emergence of various solid waste resource utilization methods, solid waste has shifted from the narrow concept of simple collection, transportation, treatment, and landfill to restraining solid waste production and improving solid waste. The resource utilization rate is up. The development and utilization of solid waste as a resource is a general trend.

Generally, the process of extracting combustibles from waste to prepare Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is to use drying to remove moisture and adding coal to help shape and increase heating value. The disadvantage of drying to remove moisture is the limited space for heating value improvement. Adding coal will cause the doubt of increased carbon emissions, and the application is restricted. In addition, due to the coexistence of gas and liquid in the reaction tank of the conventional hydrothermal treatment method, temperature stratification and uneven reaction are caused, which makes it difficult to control the quality of the finished product.

Therefore, in order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, it is necessary for the present invention to provide an improved waste conversion device and its operating method to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional technology.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste conversion device and its operating method, which utilizes a heating reaction tank to construct an environment with elevated temperature and pressure (the design temperature of the reactor is 400°C and the pressure is 200 bar), and the pressure is relieved after the reaction is completed The reaction gas in the reaction tank body is cooled to the cooling liquid through the cooling tank body, which can be recycled and reused to reduce the water consumption of the reaction tank.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a waste conversion device, including a reaction tank, a water inlet tank and a cooling tank; the reaction tank includes a reaction tank body, a heater, a mesh structure and a vent pipe, wherein The reaction tank body is configured to place a waste material, and the heater is arranged on the reaction tank body to heat the reaction tank body at a high temperature so that the waste material is heated and reacted and converted into a solid fuel. The mesh structure Is arranged in the reaction tank body, the vent pipe is arranged on the mesh structure; the water inlet tank is in communication with the reaction tank, and the water inlet tank is configured to introduce water into the reaction tank; the cooling tank includes a cooling tank body and A cooler, wherein the cooling tank body communicates with the reaction tank body and is configured to receive a reaction gas introduced from the reaction tank body, and the cooler is configured to cool the cooling tank body to cool the reaction gas Into a cooling liquid.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the vent tube has a tube wall and a plurality of tube hole channels, and the tube hole channels are formed on an inner side of the tube wall.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet tank has a water inlet tank body and a water inlet preheating controller, the water inlet tank body is configured to store water, and the water inlet preheating controller is arranged on the water inlet tank body , And configured to adjust the temperature of the water.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the mesh structure is spaced from a bottom of the reaction tank, and the vent tube is arranged on a geometric center of the mesh structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the waste conversion device further includes a gas storage tank, the gas storage tank communicates with the reaction tank body and is configured to store the reaction gas output from the reaction tank body.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides an operating method of a waste conversion device, which includes a placing step, a water inlet step, a reaction step, and a pressure relief cooling step; in the placing step, a waste material is placed In a reaction tank body of a reaction tank; in the water inlet step, water is output from a water inlet tank to the reaction tank body; in the reaction step, a heater of the reaction tank is used to heat the reaction tank at high temperature The waste material is heated and reacted to be converted into a solid fuel; in the pressure relief cooling step, a reaction gas of the reaction tank body is introduced into a cooling tank body of a cooling tank, and at the same time, the cooling tank is used A cooler cools the cooling tank so that the condensable part of the reaction gas is cooled into a cooling liquid, and an exhaust pipe is arranged to discharge uncondensable or difficult-to-condensate gas, and to ensure that the reaction tank is in a normal pressure state when the reaction tank is opened.

In an embodiment of the present invention, in the reaction step, a pressure of the reaction tank body is less than 200 BAR (bar).

In an embodiment of the present invention, in the water inlet step, a ratio of the waste material to the water is 1.5 to 2.

In an embodiment of the present invention, after the pressure relief cooling step, the operating method of the waste conversion device further includes a gas output step for outputting the reaction gas remaining in the reaction tank to a gas storage groove.

As mentioned above, in the present invention, the network structure is arranged in the reaction tank, and the design is a network bottom tank. During the temperature and pressure change process in the reactor, the lower temperature liquid phase (liquid) will penetrate the porous The mesh structure flows to the bottom of the reactor, and the vent pipe is designed The meter is a porous vent pipe and is connected with a porous network structure to make the liquid in the reactor convective. Without adding a stirring and rotating element, the test results of the present invention show that it can indeed achieve a homogeneous solid state. The purpose of fuel. In addition, the heater is used to heat the reaction tank body at high temperature, so that the inside of the reaction tank body is maintained in a high-pressure environment to heat the waste raw materials. The present invention uses solid substances, such as converter stone, as the conditioning liquid reactant. The porous network structure can smoothly separate the solid reactant from the liquid, and there is no trouble of mixing together in the conventional reactor after the reaction.

2: reaction tank

21: Reaction tank

22: heater

23: Mesh structure

24: Snorkel

241: Pipe Wall

242: pipe hole channel

3: Inlet tank

31: Inlet tank body

32: Inlet water preheating controller

4: Cooling tank

41: Cooling tank

42: cooler

S201: Placement step

S202: Water inlet step

S203: reaction step

S204: Pressure relief cooling step

S205: Gas output step

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a waste conversion device according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of the reaction tank body of a preferred embodiment of the waste conversion device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the vent pipe of a preferred embodiment of the waste conversion device according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the operation method of the waste conversion device according to the present invention.

In order to make the above and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the directional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as up, down, top, bottom, front, back, left, right, inside, outside, side, surrounding, center, horizontal, horizontal, vertical, vertical, axial, Radial, most The upper layer or the bottom layer, etc., are only the direction in which the reference object is generally placed. Therefore, the directional terms used are used to describe and understand the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a preferred embodiment of the waste conversion device of the present invention. The waste conversion device includes a reaction tank 2, a water inlet tank 3, a cooling tank 4 and a gas storage tank 5. The present invention will describe the detailed structure, assembly relationship and operation principle of each element in detail below.

Referring to Figure 1, the reaction tank 2 includes a reaction tank body 21, a heater 22, a mesh structure 23 and a vent pipe 24, wherein the reaction tank body 21 is configured to place a waste material, the heating The device 22 is arranged on the reaction tank body 21 for heating the reaction tank body 21 at a high temperature so that the waste material is heated and reacted and converted into a solid fuel. The mesh structure 23 is arranged in the reaction tank body 21. The vent pipe 24 is provided on the mesh structure 23. In this embodiment, the heater 22 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank body 21, but the heater 22 may also be arranged on the bottom and sides of the reaction tank body 21, which is not used in this embodiment. Limitations. In addition, the vent tube 24 has a tube wall 241 and a plurality of tube hole channels 242 formed on an inner side of the tube wall 241. In addition, the mesh structure 23 and a part of the reaction tank body 21 The bottoms are arranged at intervals, and the vent pipe 24 is arranged on a geometric center of the mesh structure 23.

Referring to Figure 1, the water inlet tank 3 is in communication with the reaction tank 2, and the water inlet tank 3 is configured to introduce water into the reaction tank 2. Further, the water inlet tank 3 has a water inlet tank body 31 and An inlet water preheating controller 32, the inlet tank body 31 is configured to store water, the inlet water preheating controller 32 is arranged on the inlet tank body 31, and the inlet water preheating controller 32 is configured to adjust The temperature of the water.

Referring to Figure 1, the cooling tank 4 includes a cooling tank body 41 and a cooler 42, wherein the cooling tank body 41 communicates with the reaction tank body 21, and the cooling tank body 41 is configured to receive the reaction A reaction gas introduced into the tank body 21, and the cooler 42 is configured to cool the cooling tank body 41 to cool the reaction gas into a cooling liquid. In addition, the waste conversion device is additionally equipped with a pressure relief valve to communicate with the reaction tank body 21 (not shown), which can be connected to a storage tank or a burner as required to derive the reaction output from the reaction tank body 21 gas.

According to the above-mentioned structure, the operating temperature of the water inlet preheating controller 32 of the water inlet tank 3 for the water in the water inlet tank body 31 is 0 to 350 degrees Celsius. After the reaction tank body 21 has placed the waste raw materials, that is, The water introduced into the water inlet tank body 31 is introduced into the reaction tank body 21, wherein the heater 22 is controlled to adjust the temperature setting according to demand. When the waste material is heated and reacted to be converted into the solid fuel, the reaction tank body 21 is output The reaction gas in the cooling tank body 41, at this time, the cooling circulating water of the cooler 42 cools the cooling tank body 41, so that the reaction gas is cooled and cooled, and the condensable liquid is collected in the cooling tank body. 41 in.

As described above, the heater 22 is used to heat the reaction tank body 21 at a high temperature, so that the inside of the reaction tank body 21 is maintained in a high-pressure environment to heat the waste materials. After the reaction is completed, it passes through the cooling tank body. 41 cools the reaction gas in the reaction tank body 21. In addition, the temperature of the reaction tank body 21 during the pressure relief process is maintained above 100 degrees Celsius, and the liquid in the reaction tank body 21 can be continuously vaporized during the pressure relief process. The process product (solid fuel) in the reaction tank body 21 ) It can be naturally dried in the atmosphere to a moisture content of less than 10%.

Please refer to Figure 4 in conjunction with Figure 1, which is a preferred embodiment of the operation method of the waste conversion device of the present invention. The operation method of the waste conversion device of the present invention is used to operate the above-mentioned waste conversion device. The operation method of the waste conversion device includes a placing Step S201, a water intake step S202, a reaction step S203, a pressure relief cooling step S204, and a gas output step S205. The present invention will describe the operation principle of each step in detail below.

Please refer to FIG. 4 in conjunction with that shown in FIG. 1. In the placing step S201, a waste material is placed in a reaction tank body 21 of a reaction tank 2.

Please refer to FIG. 4 and cooperate with that shown in FIG. 1, in the water inlet step S202, water is output from an inlet tank 3 to the reaction tank body 21. In this embodiment, in the reaction tank body 21, a ratio of the waste material to the water is 1.5-2.

Please refer to Figure 4 in conjunction with Figure 1. In the reaction step S203, a heater 22 of the reaction tank 2 is used to heat the reaction tank body 21 at a high temperature, so that the waste material is heated and reacted to convert it into a solid state. fuel. In this preferred embodiment, a pressure of the reaction tank body 21 is 70 BAR (bar) to 200 BAR (bar), and the temperature of the reaction tank body 21 is set to be less than 400 degrees Celsius or more.

Please refer to Figure 4 in conjunction with Figure 1. In the pressure relief cooling step S204, a reaction gas of the reaction tank body 21 is introduced into a cooling tank body 41 of a cooling tank 4, and the cooling is used at the same time. A cooler 42 of the tank 4 cools the cooling tank body 41 to cool the reaction gas into a cooling liquid. In this embodiment, the cooler 42 is a water-cooled cooler, wherein the cooling liquid of the cooler 42 is adjusted to below -5 degrees Celsius.

Please refer to FIG. 4 in conjunction with the one shown in FIG. 1. In the gas output step S205, the reaction gas remaining in the reaction tank is output to a gas storage tank.

As described above, in the present invention, the network structure 23 is arranged in the reaction tank body 21, and the design is a network bottom tank. The temperature and pressure change process in the reactor 2 is a lower temperature liquid phase ( Liquid) will flow to the bottom of the reactor 2 through the porous network structure 23, and The design of the vent tube 24 is a porous vent tube, and the porous network structure 23 is connected, so that the liquid in the reactor 2 has a convective effect. Without adding a stirring and rotating element, the test results of the present invention show that it is reliable. It can achieve the purpose of producing homogeneous solid fuel. In the present invention, solid substances, such as converter stone, are used to adjust the properties of liquid reactants and products. The porous network structure 23 can smoothly separate the solid reactants from the liquid without mixing in the conventional reactor after the reaction. The trouble of being together.

It should be noted that, taking EFB Pellet as the material source as an example, the waste conversion device of the present invention produces a product (solid fuel) under the process conditions of a solid-to-liquid ratio of 2:1, a temperature of 300 degrees Celsius, and a total heating time of 1 hour. , The reaction process pressure is up to 110Bar, among which the self-heating characteristic test results, under the test conditions of 140 degrees Celsius, 24 hours, the original weight is 449 grams, the moisture content is 16wt%, and the weight loss rate after the test is 10.47%; the test environment temperature is controlled at Celsius Between 139.7 and 141.3 degrees, it is in compliance with the United Nations test specification that the ambient temperature does not exceed ±2 degrees Celsius; in addition, the highest temperature rise during the test occurs 9.68 hours after the test, when the temperature of the center of the test sample is 6 degrees Celsius higher than the ambient temperature. However, it gradually narrowed afterwards. When the test was completed, the temperature difference was reduced to 3.5 degrees Celsius. It was judged that it passed the test and could be shipped in bulk.

In addition, the heater 22 is used to heat the reaction tank body 21 at a high temperature, and then the reaction gas in the reaction tank body 21 is cooled into the cooling liquid through the cooling tank body 41, so that the inside of the reaction tank body 21 is maintained in a high-pressure environment To perform a heating reaction on the waste raw materials, so that the solid fuel undergoes self-heating characteristics test results, conforms to the United Nations test specifications, and is suitable for bulk transportation. Moreover, with the design of the mesh structure 23 and the vent tube 24, the lower temperature liquid in the reaction tank body 21 is filtered through the mesh structure 23 and moves to the bottom, while the heated gas is along the vent tube 24 flow.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention The scope of protection shall be subject to the scope of the attached patent application.

2: reaction tank

21: Reaction tank

22: heater

3: Inlet tank

31: Inlet tank body

32: Inlet water preheating controller

4: Cooling tank

41: Cooling tank

42: cooler

Claims (3)

A waste conversion device includes: a reaction tank, including a reaction tank body, a heater, a mesh structure and a vent pipe, wherein the reaction tank body is configured to place a waste material, and the heater is arranged on the The reaction tank body is used to heat the reaction tank body at a high temperature to heat and react the waste material to convert it into a solid fuel, the network structure is arranged in the reaction tank body, and the vent pipe is arranged on the network structure; A water inlet tank connected to the reaction tank, the water inlet tank is configured to introduce water into the reaction tank; and a cooling tank, including a cooling tank body and a cooler, wherein the cooling tank body is in communication with the reaction tank body, And configured to receive a reaction gas introduced from the reaction tank body, the cooler is configured to cool the cooling tank body to cool the reaction gas into a cooling liquid; the network structure and a bottom of the reaction tank body The vent pipe is arranged at intervals, and the vent pipe is arranged on a geometric center of the mesh structure, wherein the vent pipe has a pipe wall and a plurality of pipe hole passages, the pipe hole passages are formed on an inner side of the pipe wall, and the net The shape structure is arranged in the reaction tank body and is designed as a net-shaped bottom tank. For the waste conversion device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the water inlet tank has a water inlet tank body and an inlet water preheating controller, the water inlet tank body is configured to store water, and the water inlet preheating controller It is arranged on the water inlet tank body and configured to adjust the temperature of the water. The waste conversion device according to the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the waste conversion device further includes a gas storage tank, the gas storage tank is in communication with the reaction tank body, and is configured to store the output of the reaction tank body The reaction gas.

Images