TWI501561B - Digital-to-analog converting device and method thereof - Google Patents
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Description
本發明是有關於一種裝置及方法,特別是指一種數位類比轉換裝置及方法。The present invention relates to an apparatus and method, and more particularly to a digital analog conversion apparatus and method.
隨著數位時代的蓬勃發展與電子產品的興起,數位類比轉換裝置就顯得格外重要,其功用是將所接收的複數個數位信號轉換成一類比信號。With the booming of the digital era and the rise of electronic products, digital analog conversion devices are particularly important, and their function is to convert a plurality of received digital signals into an analog signal.
然而,習知數位類比轉換裝置無法克服數位類比轉換裝置中各元件群組間的不匹配問題,導致該類比信號相較於理想類比信號具有較大的非線性誤差。However, the conventional digital analog conversion device cannot overcome the mismatch problem between the component groups in the digital analog conversion device, resulting in a large nonlinear error of the analog signal compared to the ideal analog signal.
因此,本發明之第一目的,即在提供一種可降低非線性誤差的數位類比轉換裝置。Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to provide a digital analog conversion device that can reduce nonlinear errors.
於是本發明數位類比轉換裝置,包含一校正電路、一記錄器、一轉碼模組,及一轉換電路。Thus, the digital analog conversion device of the present invention comprises a correction circuit, a recorder, a transcoding module, and a conversion circuit.
該校正電路接收複數個誤差信號,並將該等誤差信號分別轉換成複數個具有一數位值的調整信號,每一數位值對應該等誤差信號中的一者,每一誤差信號的大小 正比於所對應的一類比輸出的大小與一參考信號的大小的差。The correction circuit receives a plurality of error signals, and converts the error signals into a plurality of adjustment signals having a digit value, each digit value corresponding to one of the equal error signals, and the magnitude of each error signal It is proportional to the difference between the size of the corresponding analog output and the size of a reference signal.
該記錄器電連接該校正電路,記錄每一調整信號,並將每一調整信號輸出。The recorder is electrically connected to the correction circuit, records each adjustment signal, and outputs each adjustment signal.
該轉碼模組接收一具有N個位元的數位信號,並將該數位信號重新編碼以分別產生一具有K個位元的高位元及低位元輸出信號,其中,該高位元及低位元輸出信號相關於溫度計碼,且N、K為正整數,N≧2,K≧1。The transcoding module receives a digit signal having N bits and re-encodes the digit signal to generate a high-order and low-order output signal having K bits, wherein the high-order and low-order output signals are respectively output. The signal is related to the thermometer code, and N and K are positive integers, N≧2, K≧1.
該轉換電路電連接該校正電路,接收該高位元、低位元輸出信號及該等調整信號,並據以進行數位至類比轉換以產生一總類比輸出。The conversion circuit is electrically coupled to the correction circuit, receives the high bit, low bit output signal, and the adjustment signals, and performs digital to analog conversion to generate a total analog output.
本發明之第二目的,即在提供一種可降低非線性誤差的數位類比轉換方法。A second object of the present invention is to provide a digital analog conversion method that reduces nonlinear errors.
該數位類比轉換方法由一數位類比轉換裝置所執行,且該數位類比轉換方法包含以下步驟:(A)利用該數位類比轉換裝置將複數個誤差信號分別轉換成複數個具有一數位值的調整信號,每一數位值對應該等誤差信號中的一者,每一誤差信號的大小正比於所對應的一類比輸出的大小與一參考信號的大小的差;(B)利用該數位類比轉換裝置記錄每一調整信號,並將每一調整信號輸出;(C)利用該數位類比轉換裝置接收一具有N個位元的數位信號,並將該數位信號重新編碼以分別產生一具有K個位元的高位元及低位元輸出信號,其中,該高位 元及低位元輸出信號相關於溫度計碼,且N、K為正整數,N≧2,K≧1;及(D)利用該數位類比轉換裝置根據該高位元、低位元輸出信號及該等調整信號,進行數位至類比轉換以產生一總類比輸出。The digital analog conversion method is performed by a digital analog conversion device, and the digital analog conversion method includes the following steps: (A) using the digital analog conversion device to convert a plurality of error signals into a plurality of adjustment signals having a digital value, respectively. Each digit value corresponds to one of the equal error signals, the magnitude of each error signal being proportional to the difference between the size of the corresponding analog output and the size of a reference signal; (B) recording by the digital analog conversion device Each adjusting signal and outputting each adjustment signal; (C) receiving, by the digital analog conversion device, a digital signal having N bits and re-encoding the digital signal to generate a K-bit, respectively High bit and low bit output signals, wherein the high bit The meta and low bit output signals are related to the thermometer code, and N and K are positive integers, N≧2, K≧1; and (D) the digital analog conversion device is used to output signals according to the high bit and low bit and the adjustment The signal is digital to analog converted to produce a total analog output.
10‧‧‧轉碼模組10‧‧‧ Transcoding module
1‧‧‧分割編碼電路1‧‧‧Segment coding circuit
11‧‧‧信號分割器11‧‧‧Signal splitter
12‧‧‧溫度計式編碼器12‧‧‧Thermal encoder
2‧‧‧隨機值產生器2‧‧‧ Random value generator
3‧‧‧隨機旋轉器3‧‧‧ Random rotator
4‧‧‧轉換模組4‧‧‧Transition module
41‧‧‧校正電路41‧‧‧correction circuit
411‧‧‧比較器411‧‧‧ comparator
412‧‧‧計數器412‧‧‧ counter
42‧‧‧轉換電路42‧‧‧Transition circuit
421‧‧‧電流源421‧‧‧current source
422‧‧‧開關422‧‧‧ switch
43‧‧‧誤差信號產生器43‧‧‧Error signal generator
431‧‧‧開關431‧‧‧Switch
432‧‧‧電流源432‧‧‧current source
44‧‧‧記錄器44‧‧‧ Recorder
S1、S2‧‧‧開關S1, S2‧‧‧ switch
45‧‧‧電阻45‧‧‧resistance
46‧‧‧控制電路46‧‧‧Control circuit
47‧‧‧高位元電流產生器47‧‧‧High-order current generator
471~473‧‧‧高位元電流源471~473‧‧‧High-order current source
474~476‧‧‧高位元開關474~476‧‧‧High bit switch
48‧‧‧低位元電流產生器48‧‧‧Low-order current generator
481~483‧‧‧低位元電流源481~483‧‧‧Low-order current source
484~486‧‧‧低位元開關484~486‧‧‧low level switch
49‧‧‧校正電流產生器49‧‧‧Correction current generator
491~494‧‧‧校正電流源491~494‧‧‧correct current source
495~498‧‧‧校正開關495~498‧‧‧correction switch
51~55‧‧‧數位類比轉換步驟51~55‧‧‧Digital analog conversion steps
DS‧‧‧數位信號DS‧‧‧ digital signal
MS‧‧‧高位元信號MS‧‧‧ high bit signal
LS‧‧‧低位元信號LS‧‧‧low bit signal
MT‧‧‧高位元溫度計碼MT‧‧‧High-level thermometer code
LT‧‧‧低位元溫度計碼LT‧‧‧ low-level thermometer code
MO‧‧‧高位元輸出信號MO‧‧‧ high-order output signal
LO‧‧‧低位元輸出信號LO‧‧‧ low-order output signal
D1~D4‧‧‧位元D1~D4‧‧‧ bits
T1~T6‧‧‧位元T1~T6‧‧‧ bits
d1~d6‧‧‧位元D1~d6‧‧‧ bits
In、Ip‧‧‧誤差信號In, Ip‧‧‧ error signal
Io‧‧‧類比輸出Io‧‧‧ analog output
I1~I7‧‧‧電流I1~I7‧‧‧ Current
IM ‧‧‧高位元總電流I M ‧‧‧High bit current
IL ‧‧‧低位元總電流I L ‧‧‧Low total current
Vout‧‧‧類比輸出電壓Vout‧‧‧ analog output voltage
Ic‧‧‧校正總電流Ic‧‧‧Correct total current
Id‧‧‧偏壓電流Id‧‧‧ bias current
本發明之其他的特徵及功效,將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現,其中:圖1是一電路圖,說明本發明數位類比轉換裝置之一較佳實施例;圖2是一示意圖,說明該較佳實施例的一數位信號被分割編碼成一高位元及低位元輸出信號;圖3是一流程圖,說明該較佳實施例的該數位類比轉換裝置執行一種數位類比轉換方法;及圖4是一電路圖,說明該較佳實施例的複數個開關切換變化。Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the digital analog conversion device of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view. The digital signal of the preferred embodiment is divided and encoded into a high bit and low bit output signal; FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the digital analog conversion device of the preferred embodiment performing a digital analog conversion method; 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating the plurality of switching variations of the preferred embodiment.
參閱圖1與圖2,本發明數位類比轉換裝置之較佳實施例包含一轉碼模組10及一轉換模組4。Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a preferred embodiment of the digital analog conversion device of the present invention comprises a transcoding module 10 and a conversion module 4.
該轉碼模組10包括一分割編碼電路1、一隨機值產生器2,及一隨機旋轉器3。The transcoding module 10 includes a division encoding circuit 1, a random value generator 2, and a random rotator 3.
該分割編碼電路1接收一具有N個位元的數位信號DS,並將該數位信號DS分割及編碼,以產生一具有 K個位元的高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT,且該分割編碼電路1包括一信號分割器11及一溫度計式編碼器12。The division encoding circuit 1 receives a digital signal DS having N bits, and divides and encodes the digital signal DS to generate a The K-bit high-order and low-bit thermometer codes MT, LT, and the division encoding circuit 1 includes a signal divider 11 and a thermometer encoder 12.
該信號分割器11接收該具有N個位元的數位信號DS,並將該數位信號DS分割成一具有M個位元的高位元信號MS,及一具有L個位元的低位元信號LS,其中L、M、N為正整數,且N≧2,M、N≧1。在此實施例中,為方便說明,舉N=4,M=L=2為例,但不限於此,該數位信號DS的四個位元分別為位元D1~D4,該高位元信號MS的二個位元分別為位元D3、D4,該低位元信號LS的二個位元分別為位元D1、D2。在其他實施例中,M=L可由M≠L(圖未示)來取代。The signal divider 11 receives the digital signal DS having N bits, and divides the digital signal DS into a high bit signal MS having M bits, and a low bit signal LS having L bits, wherein L, M, and N are positive integers, and N ≧ 2, M, N ≧ 1. In this embodiment, for convenience of explanation, N=4, M=L=2 is taken as an example, but is not limited thereto, and the four bits of the digital signal DS are respectively bits D1~D4, and the high bit signal MS The two bits are respectively bits D3 and D4, and the two bits of the low bit signal LS are bits D1 and D2, respectively. In other embodiments, M=L may be replaced by M≠L (not shown).
該溫度計式編碼器12電連接該信號分割器11以接收該高位元及低位元信號MS、LS,並將該高位元及低位元信號MS、LS分別轉換成一具有K個位元的高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT,其中K為正整數,且K≧1。在此實施例中,K=2M -1=3,該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT的三個位元分別為位元T4~T6及位元T1~T3。The thermometer encoder 12 is electrically connected to the signal divider 11 to receive the high and low bit signals MS, LS, and converts the high and low bit signals MS, LS into a high bit with K bits and Low-order thermometer code MT, LT, where K is a positive integer and K≧1. In this embodiment, K=2 M -1=3, and the three bits of the high-order and low-order thermometer codes MT and LT are the bits T4 to T6 and the bits T1 to T3, respectively.
需注意的是,在此實施例中,由於該高位元及低位元信號MS、LS中的位元數相同(即,M=L),故該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT皆具有K個位元,但不限於此。在其他實施例中,當M≠L時,該高位元溫度計碼具有2M -1個位元,該低位元溫度計碼具有2L -1個位元。It should be noted that, in this embodiment, since the number of bits in the high-order and low-order signals MS and LS is the same (ie, M=L), the high-order and low-bit thermometer codes MT and LT have K bits, but not limited to this. In other embodiments, the high bit thermometer code has 2 M -1 bits when M ≠ L, and the low bit thermometer code has 2 L -1 bits.
該隨機值產生器2用以產生一隨機值。The random value generator 2 is used to generate a random value.
該隨機旋轉器3電連接該隨機值產生器2及該 分割編碼電路1之該溫度計式編碼器12,以接收該隨機值及該高位元與低位元溫度計碼MT、LT,並根據該隨機值將該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT中的位元分別連續旋轉移動以實現動態匹配技術,以分別產生一具有K個位元的高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO,該高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO相關於溫度計碼。在此實施例中,該高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO的三個位元分別為位元d4~d6及位元d1~d3。The random rotator 3 is electrically connected to the random value generator 2 and the Dividing the thermometer encoder 12 of the encoding circuit 1 to receive the random value and the high-order and low-bit thermometer codes MT, LT, and according to the random value, the bits in the high-order and low-order thermometer codes MT, LT The elements are continuously rotated and moved to implement a dynamic matching technique to respectively generate a high bit and low bit output signals MO, LO having K bits, the high bit and low bit output signals MO, LO being related to the thermometer code. In this embodiment, the three bits of the high-order and low-order output signals MO, LO are bits d4 to d6 and bits d1 to d3, respectively.
該轉換模組4接收該高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO及該等調整信號,並據以轉換成一相關於該數位信號DS的類比輸出電壓Vout,且該轉換模組4包括一校正電路41、一轉換電路42、一誤差信號產生器43、一記錄器44、二個開關S1、S2、一電阻45,及一控制電路46。The conversion module 4 receives the high-order and low-order output signals MO, LO and the adjustment signals, and converts them into an analog output voltage Vout related to the digital signal DS, and the conversion module 4 includes a correction circuit 41. A conversion circuit 42, an error signal generator 43, a recorder 44, two switches S1, S2, a resistor 45, and a control circuit 46.
該校正電路41接收複數個分別為一正值及負值電流二者其中之一的誤差信號In、Ip,並將該等誤差信號In、Ip分別轉換成複數個具有一數位值的調整信號,每一數位值對應該等誤差信號中的一者,且該校正電路41包括一比較器411及一計數器412。The correction circuit 41 receives a plurality of error signals In and Ip which are respectively one of a positive value and a negative value current, and converts the error signals In and Ip into a plurality of adjustment signals having a digital value, respectively. Each digit value corresponds to one of the equal error signals, and the correction circuit 41 includes a comparator 411 and a counter 412.
該比較器411接收每一誤差信號In、Ip,且將每一誤差信號In、Ip的大小與所對應的一預設值進行比較,以決定是否調整其所對應產生的一比較信號的邏輯準位,且每一預設值相關於所對應的一高位元電流。The comparator 411 receives each error signal In, Ip, and compares the magnitude of each error signal In, Ip with a corresponding preset value to determine whether to adjust the logic of a comparison signal generated corresponding thereto. Bits, and each preset value is associated with a corresponding one of the high bit currents.
該計數器412電連接該比較器411以接收該等比較信號,並根據該等比較信號中具有一高邏輯準位的每 一比較信號,產生所對應之具有該數位值的該調整信號,該數位值相關於具有該高邏輯準位的該等比較信號。The counter 412 is electrically connected to the comparator 411 to receive the comparison signals, and according to each of the comparison signals having a high logic level A comparison signal produces the corresponding adjustment signal having the digit value, the digit value being associated with the comparison signal having the high logic level.
該轉換電路42電連接該校正電路41,接收該高位元、低位元輸出信號MO、LO及該等調整信號,並據以進行數位至類比轉換以產生一總類比輸出或複數個類比輸出Io,該總類比輸出相關於每一類比輸出Io,該總類比輸出及每一類比輸出Io為一電流輸出,且該轉換電路42包括一高位元電流產生器47、一低位元電流產生器48、一校正電流產生器49、一電流源421,及一開關422。The conversion circuit 42 is electrically connected to the correction circuit 41, receives the high bit, low bit output signals MO, LO and the adjustment signals, and performs digital to analog conversion to generate a total analog output or a plurality of analog outputs Io. The total analog output is associated with each analog output Io, the total analog output and each analog output Io is a current output, and the conversion circuit 42 includes a high bit current generator 47, a low bit current generator 48, and a A current generator 49, a current source 421, and a switch 422 are provided.
該高位元電流產生器47接收該高位元輸出信號MO,並據以產生一高位元總電流IM ,且包括複數個高位元電流源471~473及複數個高位元開關474~476,該等高位元電流源及開關471~476的數量正比於該高位元溫度計碼MT中的位元數。該等高位元電流源471~473與各自所對應的該等高位元開關474~476串聯連接,並產生各自所對應的該等高位元電流I1~I3,且每一高位元電流I1~I3的大小皆小於理想高位元電流的大小,該等高位元開關471~476受該高位元輸出信號MO中各自所對應的該等位元控制而於導通與不導通間切換。The high bit current generator 47 receives the high bit output signal MO and generates a high bit total current I M , and includes a plurality of high bit current sources 471 473 473 and a plurality of high bit switches 474 476 476. The number of high bit current sources and switches 471-476 is proportional to the number of bits in the high bit thermometer code MT. The high-order current sources 471-473 are connected in series with the corresponding high-order bit switches 474-476, and generate corresponding high-order currents I1~I3, and each high-order current I1~I3 The size is smaller than the ideal high-order current, and the high-order switches 471-476 are controlled by the respective corresponding bits in the high-order output signal MO to switch between conduction and non-conduction.
該低位元電流產生器48並聯連接該高位元電流產生器48,且接收該低位元輸出信號LO,並據以產生一低位元總電流IL ,且包括複數個低位元電流源481~483及複數個低位元開關484~486,該等低位元電流源及開關481~486的數量正比於該低位元溫度計碼LT中的位元數。 該等低位元電流源481~483與各自所對應的該等低位元開關484~486串聯連接,並產生各自所對應的該等低位元電流I4~I6,且每一低位元電流I4~I6的大小皆小於理想低位元電流的大小,該等低位元開關484~486受該低位元輸出信號LO中各自所對應的該等位元控制而於導通與不導通間切換。The low bit current generator 48 is connected in parallel to the high bit current generator 48, and receives the low bit output signal LO, and accordingly generates a low bit total current I L and includes a plurality of low bit current sources 481~483 and A plurality of low bit switches 484~486, the number of the low bit current sources and switches 481~486 being proportional to the number of bits in the low bit thermometer code LT. The low-order current sources 481~483 are connected in series with the corresponding low-order switches 484~486, and respectively generate corresponding low-order currents I4~I6, and each low-order current I4~I6 The size is smaller than the ideal low-order current, and the low-order switches 484-486 are controlled by the corresponding bits in the low-order output signal LO to switch between conduction and non-conduction.
該校正電流產生器49並聯連接該低位元電流產生器48,且接收該等調整信號,並據以產生一校正總電流Ic,且包括複數個校正電流源491~494及複數個校正開關495~498,該等校正電流源491~494與各自所對應的該等校正開關495~498串聯連接,並產生各自所對應的該等校正電流I7,每一校正開關495~498受控制於導通與不導通間切換。在此實施例中,舉該校正電流產生器49包括四個校正電流源及校正開關491~498為例,但不限於此。此外,該校正、高位元及低位元總電流Ic、IM 、IL 相加的和作為該總類比輸出。The correction current generator 49 is connected in parallel to the low-order current generator 48, and receives the adjustment signals, and accordingly generates a corrected total current Ic, and includes a plurality of correction current sources 491-494 and a plurality of correction switches 495~ 498. The calibration current sources 491-494 are connected in series with the respective correction switches 495-498 corresponding thereto, and generate respective correction currents I7, and each calibration switch 495~498 is controlled to be turned on and off. Switch between conduction. In this embodiment, the correction current generator 49 includes four correction current sources and correction switches 491 to 498 as an example, but is not limited thereto. Further, the sum of the corrected, high-order and low-order total currents Ic, I M , and I L is output as the total analog.
需注意的是,在其他實施例中,也可以電阻或電容取代該等電流源471~473、481~483、491~494。It should be noted that in other embodiments, the current sources 471~473, 481~483, and 491~494 may be replaced by resistors or capacitors.
串聯連接的該電流源421與該開關422並聯連接該低位元電流產生器48,該電流源421用以產生一偏壓電流Id,該開關422受控制於導通與不導通間切換。The current source 421 connected in series is connected in parallel with the switch 422 to the low bit current generator 48. The current source 421 is used to generate a bias current Id, and the switch 422 is controlled to switch between conduction and non-conduction.
該誤差信號產生器43電連接該校正電路41與該轉換電路42,接收該等類比輸出Io,並根據該等類比輸出Io與一參考信號Ir產生各自所對應的該等誤差信號In 、Ip,且該誤差信號產生器43包括一開關431及一電流源432。The error signal generator 43 is electrically connected to the correction circuit 41 and the conversion circuit 42 to receive the analog output Io, and generates respective error signals In according to the analog output Io and a reference signal Ir. Ip, and the error signal generator 43 includes a switch 431 and a current source 432.
串聯連接的該開關431及該電流源432電連接該轉換電路42與地之間,接收該等類比輸出Io,且其一共同接點電連接該校正電路41並輸出該等誤差信號In、Ip,每一誤差信號In、Ip的大小正比於所對應的該類比輸出Io的大小與該參考信號Ir的大小的差。該開關431受控制於導通與不導通間切換,該電流源432用以產生該參考信號Ir。在此實施例中,該參考信號Ir為一電流信號,該參考信號Ir的大小等於兩倍的理想高位元電流的大小(即,若該高位元電流I1~I3為理想的高位元電流,則Ir=2×I1=2×I2=2×I3),但不限於此。The switch 431 and the current source 432 connected in series are electrically connected between the conversion circuit 42 and the ground, receive the analog output Io, and a common contact thereof is electrically connected to the correction circuit 41 and outputs the error signals In, Ip. The magnitude of each of the error signals In, Ip is proportional to the difference between the magnitude of the corresponding analog output Io and the magnitude of the reference signal Ir. The switch 431 is controlled to switch between conduction and non-conduction, and the current source 432 is configured to generate the reference signal Ir. In this embodiment, the reference signal Ir is a current signal, and the size of the reference signal Ir is equal to twice the magnitude of the ideal high bit current (ie, if the high bit current I1~I3 is an ideal high bit current, then Ir = 2 × I1 = 2 × I2 = 2 × I3), but is not limited thereto.
串聯連接的該開關S1與該記錄器44電連接於該校正電路41之該計數器412與該校正電流產生器49之間,該開關S1受控制於導通與不導通間切換,該記錄器44於該開關S1不導通時,記錄每一調整信號,並於該開關S2導通時,將每一調整信號輸出至該校正電流產生器49。The switch S1 connected in series and the recorder 44 are electrically connected between the counter 412 of the correction circuit 41 and the correction current generator 49. The switch S1 is controlled to switch between conduction and non-conduction, and the recorder 44 is When the switch S1 is not turned on, each adjustment signal is recorded, and when the switch S2 is turned on, each adjustment signal is output to the correction current generator 49.
串聯連接的該開關S2與該電阻45電連接於該轉換電路42與地之間,以接收該總類比輸出,且該電阻45的跨壓作為該類比輸出電壓Vout。The switch S2 connected in series and the resistor 45 are electrically connected between the conversion circuit 42 and the ground to receive the total analog output, and the voltage across the resistor 45 is used as the analog output voltage Vout.
該控制電路46用以發出復數個控制信號,以控制該等開關S1、S2、422、431該等高位元開關474~476、該等低位元開關484~486的切換。The control circuit 46 is configured to generate a plurality of control signals to control switching of the high-order switches 474-476 and the low-order switches 484-486 of the switches S1, S2, 422, and 431.
該數位類比轉換裝置執行一種數位類比轉換方 法,如圖3所示,其包含以下步驟:The digital analog conversion device performs a digital analog conversion The method, as shown in Figure 3, includes the following steps:
步驟51:利用該校正電路41將該等誤差信號In、Ip分別轉換成該等具有該數位值的調整信號。Step 51: The error signals In and Ip are respectively converted into the adjustment signals having the digital values by the correction circuit 41.
步驟52:利用該記錄器44記錄每一調整信號,並將每一調整信號輸出。Step 52: Each of the adjustment signals is recorded by the recorder 44, and each adjustment signal is output.
步驟53:利用該分割編碼電路1接收該數位信號DS,並將該數位信號DS分割及編碼,以產生該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT。Step 53: The digital signal DS is received by the division encoding circuit 1, and the digital signal DS is divided and encoded to generate the high-order and low-order thermometer codes MT, LT.
步驟54:利用該隨機旋轉器3接收該高位元與低位元溫度計碼MT、LT,及該隨機值,並根據該隨機值將該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT中的位元分別連續旋轉移動,以分別產生該具有K個位元的高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO。Step 54: receiving, by the random rotator 3, the high-order and low-order thermometer codes MT, LT, and the random value, and respectively, according to the random value, the bits in the high-order and low-level thermometer codes MT and LT are consecutive The rotation is moved to generate the high-order and low-order output signals MO, LO having K bits, respectively.
步驟55:利用該轉換電路42接收該高位元、低位元輸出信號MO、LO及該等調整信號,並據以進行數位至類比轉換以產生該總類比輸出。Step 55: The high-order, low-bit output signals MO, LO and the adjustment signals are received by the conversion circuit 42 and digital-to-analog conversion is performed to generate the total analog output.
需注意的是,步驟51、53、55分別具有複數個子步驟(圖未示),該等子步驟分別相關於前述該比較器411、該計數器412、該信號分割器11、該溫度計式編碼器12、該高位元電流產生器47、該低位元電流產生器48,及該校正電流產生器49的運作,故不重述。It should be noted that steps 51, 53, and 55 respectively have a plurality of sub-steps (not shown) associated with the comparator 411, the counter 412, the signal divider 11, and the thermometer encoder. 12. The operation of the high bit current generator 47, the low bit current generator 48, and the correction current generator 49 is not repeated.
以下舉例說明該數位類比轉換裝置如何執行該數位類比轉換方法。The following example illustrates how the digital analog conversion device performs the digital analog conversion method.
參閱圖3、4,該數位類比轉換裝置先執行該等 步驟51、52(即,一電流校正方法),以克服該數位類比轉換裝置之該轉換電路42中各元件群組間的不匹配問題。在該電流校正方法中,該等開關S1、S2受該控制電路46控制恆不導通,該等開關422、431及該等低位元開關484~486受該控制電路46控制恆導通,該等高位元開關474~476受該控制電路46控制且該等校正開關495~498受該計數器412控制而於導通與不導通間切換,該等高位元開關及校正開關474~476、495~498於初始狀態皆不導通。該轉換電路42中的該校正電流產生器49對該高位元電流產生器47中的每一高位元電流源471~473執行該電流校正方法。在此實施例中,為方便說明,舉該校正電流產生器49對該高位元電流源471執行該電流校正方法為例,且理想高位元電流的大小為4mA,該參考信號Ir的大小等於兩倍的理想高位元電流的大小(即,Ir=2×4=8mA),該低位元總電流IL 與該偏壓電流Id大小的和等於4mA(即,I4+I5+I6+Id=4),每一校正電流I7的大小為0.1mA,該高位元電流I1=3.7mA,但不限於此。Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the digital analog conversion device first performs the steps 51, 52 (i.e., a current correction method) to overcome the mismatch between the component groups in the conversion circuit 42 of the digital analog conversion device. . In the current calibration method, the switches S1 and S2 are controlled to be non-conducting by the control circuit 46, and the switches 422 and 431 and the low-order switches 484 to 486 are controlled to be constantly turned on by the control circuit 46. The meta-switches 474-476 are controlled by the control circuit 46 and the correction switches 495-498 are controlled by the counter 412 to switch between conduction and non-conduction. The high-order switch and the correction switches 474-476, 495-498 are initially The status is not conductive. The correction current generator 49 in the conversion circuit 42 performs the current correction method for each of the high bit current sources 471 to 473 in the high bit current generator 47. In this embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the correction current generator 49 performs the current correction method on the high-order current source 471 as an example, and the ideal high-order current has a magnitude of 4 mA, and the size of the reference signal Ir is equal to two. The magnitude of the ideal high bit current (i.e., Ir = 2 x 4 = 8 mA), the sum of the low bit total current I L and the magnitude of the bias current Id is equal to 4 mA (i.e., I4 + I5 + I6 + Id = 4) The magnitude of each correction current I7 is 0.1 mA, and the high-order current I1 = 3.7 mA, but is not limited thereto.
此時,該控制電路46使該高位元開關474導通,該類比輸出Io=I1+IL +Id=7.7mA,該誤差信號In=Io-Ir=7.7-8=-0.3,該誤差信號In的大小小於所對應的該預設值(如,-0.1),故該比較器將其所產生的該比較信號的邏輯準位調整為一高邏輯準位,以調整該調整信號的該數位值,導致該校正開關495導通,同時該校正總電流Ic=I7=0.1,該類比輸出Io=I1+IL +Id+Ic=7.8mA,更新後的該誤差信 號In=Io-Ir=7.8-8=-0.2,由於更新後的該誤差信號In仍小於該預設值,故重複上述操作,以致該等校正開關495、496皆導通,使更新後的該誤差信號In等於該預設值,並利用該記錄器44記錄該調整信號。簡單來說,由於初始該誤差信號In=-0.3,為使更新後的該誤差信號In=-0.1,該比較器411使該比較信號的邏輯準位調整為該高邏輯準位的次數為2,導致該計數器412根據該比較信號將該調整信號的該數位值加二,以致該校正電流產生器49中的該等校正開關495、496被導通,同時該調整信號被記錄於該記錄器44中。At this time, the control circuit 46 turns on the high bit switch 474, the analog output Io=I1+I L +Id=7.7mA, the error signal In=Io-Ir=7.7-8=-0.3, the error signal In The size of the comparison signal is smaller than the corresponding preset value (eg, -0.1), so the comparator adjusts the logic level of the comparison signal generated by the comparator to a high logic level to adjust the digital value of the adjustment signal. The calibration switch 495 is turned on, and the total current Ic=I7=0.1, the analog output Io=I1+I L +Id+Ic=7.8mA, and the updated error signal In=Io-Ir=7.8- 8=-0.2, since the updated error signal In is still less than the preset value, the above operation is repeated, so that the correction switches 495, 496 are all turned on, so that the updated error signal In is equal to the preset value. The calibrator 44 is used to record the adjustment signal. Briefly, due to the initial error signal In=-0.3, in order to make the updated error signal In=-0.1, the comparator 411 adjusts the logic level of the comparison signal to the high logic level by 2 times. The counter 412 is caused to increase the digital value of the adjustment signal by two according to the comparison signal, so that the correction switches 495, 496 in the correction current generator 49 are turned on, and the adjustment signal is recorded in the recorder 44. in.
需注意的是,在此實施例中,該預設值是預設為-0.1,但不限於此,該預設值相關於所對應的每一高位元電流I1~I3,且相鄰兩個高位元電流各自所對應的該預設值為一大一小。It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the preset value is preset to be -0.1, but is not limited thereto, and the preset value is related to each corresponding high-order current I1~I3, and adjacent two The preset value corresponding to each of the high bit currents is one big and one small.
參閱圖1~3,接著,該數位類比轉換裝置執行該數位類比轉換方法的該等步驟53~55,且該等開關422、431受該控制電路46控制恆不導通,該開關S1、S2受該控制電路46控制恆導通,該等高位元開關474~476及該等低位元開關484~486分別受該高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO中各自所對應的該等位元控制而於導通與不導通間切換,該等校正開關495~498受該記錄器44控制而於導通與不導通間切換。Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the digital analog conversion device performs the steps 53-55 of the digital analog conversion method, and the switches 422 and 431 are controlled by the control circuit 46 to be non-conductive. The switches S1 and S2 are subjected to The control circuit 46 controls the constant conduction. The high-order switch 474-476 and the low-order switches 484-486 are respectively controlled by the corresponding bits of the high-order and low-order output signals MO and LO. Switching between conduction and non-conduction, the correction switches 495-498 are controlled by the recorder 44 to switch between conduction and non-conduction.
此時,該信號分割器11將該具有四(N=4)個位元的數位信號DS分割成該具有二(M=2)個位元的高位元信號 MS,及該具有二(L=2)個位元的低位元信號LS,該溫度計式編碼器12再將該高位元及低位元信號MS、LS分別轉換成該具有三(K=2M -1=3)個位元的高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT,接著,該隨機旋轉器3根據其所接收的該隨機值將該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT中的位元分別連續旋轉移動,以分別產生該高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO。舉例來說,在此實施例中,該隨機旋轉器3將該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT中的位元分別連續向右旋轉移動2階(見圖2,參數R2即表示向右旋轉移動2階),但不限於此,導致該高位元輸出信號MO中的該等位元d4、d5、d6分別對應該高位元溫度計碼MT的該等位元T6、T4、T5,該低位元輸出信號LO中的該等位元d1、d2、d3分別對應該低位元溫度計碼LT中的該等位元T3、T1、T2。At this time, the signal divider 11 divides the digital signal DS having four (N=4) bits into the high bit signal MS having two (M=2) bits, and the pair has two (L= 2) low bit signal LS of one bit, the thermometer encoder 12 then converts the high bit and low bit signals MS, LS into high bits having three (K=2 M -1=3) bits, respectively. And the low-order thermometer code MT, LT, and then the random rotator 3 continuously rotates the bits in the high-order and low-level thermometer codes MT and LT according to the random value received by the random rotator 3 to respectively generate the High and low bit output signals MO, LO. For example, in this embodiment, the random rotator 3 continuously rotates the bits in the high-order and low-order thermometer codes MT, LT to the right by 2 steps (see FIG. 2, and the parameter R2 indicates rightward). Rotating movement 2nd order), but not limited thereto, causing the bits d4, d5, d6 in the high-order output signal MO to correspond to the bits T6, T4, T5 of the high-order thermometer code MT, respectively, the low position The bits d1, d2, d3 in the meta-output signal LO correspond to the bits T3, T1, T2 in the low-order thermometer code LT, respectively.
最後,該高位元、低位元與校正電流產生器47、48、49分別接收該高位元、低位元輸出信號MO、LO與該等調整信號,且該等高位元開關474~476及該等低位元開關484~486受控於各自所對應的該高位元及低位元輸出信號MO、LO中的該等位元而導通或不導通,且該校正電流產生器49根據該等調整信號決定導通幾個該等校正開關495~498,以產生該總類比輸出。Finally, the high-order, low-order and correction current generators 47, 48, 49 receive the high-order, low-bit output signals MO, LO and the adjustment signals, respectively, and the high-order switches 474-476 and the low-order bits The meta-switches 484-486 are controlled to be turned on or off by the corresponding ones of the high-order and low-order output signals MO, LO, and the correction current generator 49 determines the conduction according to the adjustment signals. These correction switches 495~498 are used to generate the total analog output.
舉例來說,每一高位元開關474~476根據各自所對應的該高位元輸出信號MO中的該等位元d4~d6導通或不導通,每一低位元開關484~486根據各自所對應的該低位元輸出信號LO中的該等位元d1~d3導通或不導通,若 該高位元輸出信號MO中的該等位元d4~d6分別為1、0、0,且該低位元輸出信號LO中的該等位元d1~d3分別為1、1、0時,則該等高位元開關475、476不導通,該高位元開關474導通,該等低位元開關484、485導通,該低位元開關486不導通,該等校正開關495~498根據該等調整信號中的一者,於該高位元開關474導通時導通二個校正開關495、496,此時IM =I1,IL =I4+I5,Ic=2×(I7),該總類比輸出=IM +IL +Ic=I1+I4+I5+2×(I7)。For example, each of the high-order switches 474-476 is turned on or off according to the corresponding bit elements d4~d6 in the corresponding high-order output signal MO, and each of the low-order switches 484-486 is corresponding to each The bits d1~d3 in the low bit output signal LO are turned on or off, if the bits d4~d6 in the high bit output signal MO are 1, 0, 0 respectively, and the low bit output signal When the bits d1 to d3 in the LO are 1, 1, and 0, respectively, the high-order switches 475 and 476 are not turned on, the high-order switch 474 is turned on, and the low-order switches 484 and 485 are turned on, and the low bits are turned on. The switch 495 is not turned on, and the correction switches 495-498 turn on the two correction switches 495, 496 according to one of the adjustment signals when the high-order switch 474 is turned on. At this time, I M =I1, I L = I4 + I5, Ic = 2 × (I7), the total analog output = I M + I L + Ic = I1 + I4 + I5 + 2 × (I7).
需注意的是,在其他實施例中,也可以復數個校正電流產生器49取代該記錄器44,並於各自所對應的該等高位元開關474~476導通時,產生各自所對應的該等校正總電流Ic。It should be noted that in other embodiments, a plurality of correction current generators 49 may be substituted for the recorders 44, and when the corresponding high-order bit switches 474-476 are turned on, respectively, corresponding to the corresponding ones. Correct the total current Ic.
綜上所述,上述實施例具有以下優點:In summary, the above embodiment has the following advantages:
1.較小的非線性誤差。於每一高位元開關474~476導通時,該數位類比轉換裝置藉由該校正電流產生器49產生各自所對應的該校正總電流Ic,以克服習知數位類比轉換裝置中各元件群組間的不匹配問題,導致該類比輸出電壓Vout相較於理想類比輸出電壓具有較小的非線性誤差。1. Smaller nonlinearity errors. When the high-order switch 474-476 is turned on, the digital analog conversion device generates the corresponding corrected total current Ic by the correction current generator 49 to overcome the difference between the component groups in the conventional digital analog conversion device. The mismatch problem causes the analog output voltage Vout to have a smaller nonlinear error than the ideal analog output voltage.
2.成本較低。該數位類比轉換裝置於每一高位元開關474~476導通時,藉由該校正電流產生器49產生各自所對應的該校正總電流Ic,並將該高位元及低位元溫度計碼MT、LT中的位元分別連續旋轉移動以實現動態匹配技術,導致實現該數位類比轉換裝置所需的面積較小,以 致該數位類比轉換裝置的成本較低。2. The cost is lower. When the high-order analog switch 474-476 is turned on, the digital analog converter generates the corresponding corrected total current Ic by the correction current generator 49, and the high-order and low-order thermometer codes MT and LT are used. The bits are continuously rotated and moved to implement a dynamic matching technique, resulting in a smaller area required to implement the digital analog conversion device. The cost of the digital analog conversion device is low.
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the patent application scope and patent specification content of the present invention, All remain within the scope of the invention patent.
10‧‧‧轉碼模組10‧‧‧ Transcoding module
474~476‧‧‧高位元開關474~476‧‧‧High bit switch
1‧‧‧分割編碼電路1‧‧‧Segment coding circuit
48‧‧‧低位元電流產生器48‧‧‧Low-order current generator
11‧‧‧信號分割器11‧‧‧Signal splitter
481~483‧‧‧低位元電流源481~483‧‧‧Low-order current source
12‧‧‧溫度計式編碼器12‧‧‧Thermal encoder
484~486‧‧‧低位元開關484~486‧‧‧low level switch
2‧‧‧隨機值產生器2‧‧‧ Random value generator
49‧‧‧校正電流產生器49‧‧‧Correction current generator
3‧‧‧隨機旋轉器3‧‧‧ Random rotator
491~494‧‧‧校正電流源491~494‧‧‧correct current source
4‧‧‧轉換模組4‧‧‧Transition module
495~498‧‧‧校正開關495~498‧‧‧correction switch
41‧‧‧校正電路41‧‧‧correction circuit
DS‧‧‧數位信號DS‧‧‧ digital signal
411‧‧‧比較器411‧‧‧ comparator
MS‧‧‧高位元信號MS‧‧‧ high bit signal
412‧‧‧計數器412‧‧‧ counter
LS‧‧‧低位元信號LS‧‧‧low bit signal
42‧‧‧轉換電路42‧‧‧Transition circuit
MT‧‧‧高位元溫度計碼MT‧‧‧High-level thermometer code
421‧‧‧電流源421‧‧‧current source
LT‧‧‧低位元溫度計碼LT‧‧‧ low-level thermometer code
422‧‧‧開關422‧‧‧ switch
MO‧‧‧高位元輸出信號MO‧‧‧ high-order output signal
43‧‧‧誤差信號產生器43‧‧‧Error signal generator
LO‧‧‧低位元輸出信號LO‧‧‧ low-order output signal
431‧‧‧開關431‧‧‧Switch
432‧‧‧電流源432‧‧‧current source
In、Ip‧‧‧誤差信號In, Ip‧‧‧ error signal
44‧‧‧記錄器44‧‧‧ Recorder
Io‧‧‧類比輸出Io‧‧‧ analog output
S1、S2‧‧‧開關S1, S2‧‧‧ switch
I1~I7‧‧‧電流I1~I7‧‧‧ Current
45‧‧‧電阻45‧‧‧resistance
IM ‧‧‧高位元總電流I M ‧‧‧High bit current
46‧‧‧控制電路46‧‧‧Control circuit
IL ‧‧‧低位元總電流I L ‧‧‧Low total current
47‧‧‧高位元電流產生器47‧‧‧High-order current generator
Id‧‧‧偏壓電流Id‧‧‧ bias current
471~473‧‧‧高位元電流源471~473‧‧‧High-order current source
Ic‧‧‧校正總電流Ic‧‧‧Correct total current
Vout‧‧‧類比輸出電壓Vout‧‧‧ analog output voltage
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TW200511734A (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2005-03-16 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Digital-to-analog converter circuits including independently sized reference current source transistors and methods of operating same |
TW200913507A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-16 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Self-calibrating digital-to-analog converter and method thereof |
US8154432B2 (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2012-04-10 | Raytheon Company | Digital to analog converter (DAC) having high dynamic range |
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