TWI387585B - 殺蟲性之n-取代(雜芳基)烷基烴基硫亞胺 - Google Patents
殺蟲性之n-取代(雜芳基)烷基烴基硫亞胺 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI387585B TWI387585B TW096104609A TW96104609A TWI387585B TW I387585 B TWI387585 B TW I387585B TW 096104609 A TW096104609 A TW 096104609A TW 96104609 A TW96104609 A TW 96104609A TW I387585 B TWI387585 B TW I387585B
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- alkyl
- mmol
- insecticides
- methyl
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 title description 13
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- -1 C 1 -C 4 alkyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 114
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000006650 (C2-C4) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006656 (C2-C4) alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004767 (C1-C4) haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 77
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 69
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 59
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 25
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 24
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 20
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003986 organophosphate insecticide Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenvalerate Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(C)C)C(=O)OC(C#N)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaminosulfur trifluoride Chemical compound CCN(CC)S(F)(F)F CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000721621 Myzus persicae Species 0.000 description 5
- VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrethrin I Natural products CC(=CC1CC1C(=O)OC2CC(=O)C(=C2C)CC=C/C=C)C VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrethrin Natural products CCC(=O)OC1CC(=C)C2CC3OC3(C)C2C2OC(=O)C(=C)C12 HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N pyrethrin II Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](/C=C(\C)C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001600408 Aphis gossypii Species 0.000 description 4
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoac etoac Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.CCOC(C)=O OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N xantphos Chemical compound C=12OC3=C(P(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=CC=C3C(C)(C)C2=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CFRPSFYHXJZSBI-DHZHZOJOSA-N (E)-nitenpyram Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)/C=C(\NC)N(CC)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 CFRPSFYHXJZSBI-DHZHZOJOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ABOOPXYCKNFDNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-{4-[(6-chloroquinoxalin-2-yl)oxy]phenoxy}propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=CN=C(C=C(Cl)C=C2)C2=N1 ABOOPXYCKNFDNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001635274 Cydia pomonella Species 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000238814 Orthoptera Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-WFGJKAKNSA-N acetone d6 Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])C(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] CSCPPACGZOOCGX-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HFEJHAAIJZXXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cafenstrole Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)N1C=NC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2C)C)=N1 HFEJHAAIJZXXRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000002081 enamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- RBJAKRVCYLJDPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-[5-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-nitrophenoxy]propanoate Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(OC(C)C(=O)OCCCCCC)=CC(OC=2C=CC(Br)=CC=2)=C1 RBJAKRVCYLJDPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
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- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ Benzene hexachloride Chemical compound ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CXBMCYHAMVGWJQ-CABCVRRESA-N (1,3-dioxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoindol-2-yl)methyl (1r,3r)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OCN1C(=O)C(CCCC2)=C2C1=O CXBMCYHAMVGWJQ-CABCVRRESA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTKXWJHPGBRXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloro-4-nitrophenoxy)-dimethoxy-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1Cl OTKXWJHPGBRXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-MJGOQNOKSA-N (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl (1r,3s)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-MJGOQNOKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADDQHLREJDZPMT-AWEZNQCLSA-N (S)-metamifop Chemical compound O=C([C@@H](OC=1C=CC(OC=2OC3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3N=2)=CC=1)C)N(C)C1=CC=CC=C1F ADDQHLREJDZPMT-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HOKKPVIRMVDYPB-UVTDQMKNSA-N (Z)-thiacloprid Chemical compound C1=NC(Cl)=CC=C1CN1C(=N/C#N)/SCC1 HOKKPVIRMVDYPB-UVTDQMKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KNKRKFALVUDBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloropropane Chemical compound CC(Cl)CCl KNKRKFALVUDBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC1=NC(N(C)C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2C)C(O)=O)=N1 AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triforine Chemical compound O=CNC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)N1CCN(C(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)CC1 RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritosulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=NC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N validamycin Chemical compound N([C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)CO)[C@H]1C=C(CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N vamidothion Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)SCCSP(=O)(OC)OC LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FVECELJHCSPHKY-JLSHOZRYSA-N veratridine Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@]2(O)O[C@]34C[C@@]5(O)[C@H](CN6[C@@H](CC[C@H](C)C6)[C@@]6(C)O)[C@]6(O)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]5(O)[C@@H]4CC[C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC1 FVECELJHCSPHKY-JLSHOZRYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylylcarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/28—Radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D213/32—Sulfur atoms
- C07D213/34—Sulfur atoms to which a second hetero atom is attached
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with sulfur as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/61—Halogen atoms or nitro radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D239/30—Halogen atoms or nitro radicals
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/26—Radicals substituted by sulfur atoms
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D409/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Description
本申請案係申明補充美國專利暫時申請案系列號60/841,934,於2006年9月1日提申。
本發明係相關於一種新穎之N
-取代(雜芳基)烷基烴基硫亞胺,及其用於控制昆蟲,尤其是蚜蟲或其他吸食性昆蟲,以及某些其他無脊椎生物之用途。本發明亦包括製備該化合物之新穎合成流程、含有該化合物之殺蟲劑組成物,以及使用該化合物控制該昆蟲之方法。
目前亟需要一種新穎之殺蟲劑。昆蟲已發展出對於目前使用之殺蟲劑之抗藥性。至少有400種節肢動物會抵抗一或多種殺蟲劑。對於某些較舊殺蟲劑之抗藥性之發展,如DDT、胺基甲酸酯與有機磷酸鹽為已知。甚至對於某些新穎之除蟲菊精殺蟲劑已發展出抗藥性。因此,目前需要一種新穎之殺蟲劑,特別是具有新穎或非典型作用模式之化合物。
本發明係相關於可用於控制昆蟲之化合物,尤其是用於控制蚜蟲與其他吸食性昆蟲。更特別的是,本發明相關於一種如式(I)之化合物
其中Het代表:
X代表鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷基、C2
-C4
烯基、C2
-C4
炔基、C2
-C4
鹵素烯基、C1
-C4
烷氧基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷氧基、CN、NO2
、SOm
R6
其中m為0-2之整數、COOR4
或CONR4
R5
;Y代表氫、鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷基、C2
-C4
烯基、C2
-C4
炔基、C2
-C4
鹵素烯基、C1
-C4
烷氧基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷氧基、CN、NO2
、SOm
R1
,其中m為0-2之整數、COOR4
、CONR4
R5
、芳基或雜芳基;Z代表C1
-C4
鹵素烷基、C2
-C4
烯基、C2
-C4
炔基、C2
-C4
鹵素烯基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷氧基、CN、NO2
、Om
R1
,其中m為0-2之整數、COOR4
或CONR4
R5
;n為0-3之整數;L代表一單鍵、-CH2
-或-CH(CH2
)p
-,其中p為1-3之整數,且R1
、S與L,或R2
、L與一般連結於其上之碳結合代表一4-、5-或6-元環,具有至多,但不超過,1個雜原子;R1
代表C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷基、C3
-C6
烯基、C3
-C6
炔基、C3
-C6
鹵素烯基、芳基烷基、雜芳基烷基,或者,與L或R2
結合形成一飽和之4-、5-或6-元環;R2
與R3
獨立地代表氫、鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷基、C2
-C4
烯基、C2
-C4
炔基、C2
-C4
鹵素烯基、C1
-C4
烷氧基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷氧基、CN、SOm
R6
其中m為0-2之整數、COOR4
、CONR4
R5
、芳基烷基、雜芳基烷基,或者,R2
與R3
與一般連結於其上之碳結合形成一3-6元環,或R2
與R1
共同形成一飽和之4-、5-或6-元環;R4
與R5
獨立地代表氫、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷基;C3
-C6
烯基、C3
-C6
炔基、C3
-C6
鹵素炔基、芳基、雜芳基、芳基烷基,或雜芳基烷基;R6
代表C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵素烷基、C3
-C6
烯基、C3
-C6
炔基、C3
-C6
鹵素烯基、芳基烷基、雜芳基烷基;以及Q代表H、NO2
、CN、COOR4
、COR4
、CONR4
R5
,或SOm
R6
,其中m為0-2之整數。
式(I)之較佳化合物包括下列類型:(1)式(I)化合物,其中Het為(6-取代)吡啶-3-基或(2-取代)噻唑-5-基,且其中Z為C1
-C2
鹵素烷基,且Y為氫;(2)式(I)化合物,其中R2
與R3
如先前所定義,R1
為甲基,n為1,以及L為單鍵,具有下式:
(3)式(I)化合物,其中n為1,R1
、S與L共同形成一標準之4-、5-或6-元環,使得L為-CH(CH2
)p
-,以及R1
為-CH2
-,具有下式:
(4)式(I)化合物,其中n為0,R1
、S與L共同形成一標準之4-、5-或6-元環,使得L為-CH(CH2
)p
-,以及R1
為-CH2
-,具有下式:
(5)式(I)化合物,其中Q為CN;熟習此技術領域者應瞭解到,最佳之化合物一般為包含上述較佳族群之組合者。
本發明提供一種新穎之製備方法,製備式(I)化合物與新穎之組成物,及其使用方法,其於下更詳細描述。
在本文件中,所有溫度皆為攝氏,所有百分比皆為重量百分比,除非另有指出。
術語“烷基”、“烯基”與“炔基”,以及其衍生術語如“烷氧基”、“醯基”、“烷基硫基”、“芳基烷基”、“雜芳基烷基”與“烷基磺醯基”,使用於此,包括其直鏈、支鏈與環狀片段。因此,典型之烷基為甲基、乙基、1-甲基乙基、丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基,與環丙基。除非另有指出,每一者皆可為經一或多個取代基取代未取代或取代,選自於,但不侷限於,鹵素、羥基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、C1
-C6
醯基、甲醯基、氰基、芳基氧基或芳基,其中該取代基為空間上可相容,並滿足化學鍵結規則與張力能量。術語“鹵素烷基”與“鹵素烯基”包括經一至最大可能數目之鹵素原子取代之烷基或烯基基團,包括所有鹵素之組合。術語“鹵素”或“鹵素”包括氟、氯、溴與碘,較佳為氟。術語“烯基”與“炔基”則包含一或多個未飽和鍵結。
術語“芳基”較佳係指一苯基、茚基或萘基。術語“雜芳基”係指一5-或6-元芳香環,含有一或多個雜原子,即N、O或S;這些雜芳環可融合至其他芳香族系統。芳基或雜芳基取代基可為未取代,或經一或多個取代基取代,選自於鹵素、羥基、硝基、氰基、芳基氧基、甲醯基、C1
-C6
烷基、C2
-C6
烯基、C2
-C6
炔基、C1
-C6
烷氧基、鹵化C1
-C6
烷基、鹵化C1
-C6
烷氧基、C1
-C6
醯基、C1
-C6
烷基硫基、C1
-C6
烷基亞磺醯基、C1
-C6
烷基磺醯基、芳基、C1
-C6
OC(O)烷基、C1
-C6
NHC(O)烷基、C(O)OH、C1
-C6
C(O)O烷基、C(O)NH2
、C1
-C6
C(O)NH烷基,或C1
-C6
C(O)N(烷基)2
,其中該取代基為空間上可相容,並滿足化學鍵結規則與張力能量。
本發明之化合物可具有一或多種空間異構物。各種空間異構物包括幾何異構物、非鏡像異構物與鏡像異構物。因此,本發明化合物包括外消旋混合物,單獨之空間異構物,以及光學活性混合物。熟習此技術領域者應瞭解到,其中一種空間異構物可能比其他更具活性。單獨之空間異構物與光學活性混合物,可藉由選擇性合成流程、一般合成流程但使用經解析(resolved)之起始物質,或是一般解析(resolution)流程獲得。
式(I)化合物,其中Q、R1
、R2
、R3
、n與L係如先前所定義,可依據流程A所示之方法製備。
在流程A之步驟 a
中,式(A)硫化物係以氯胺T三水合物,於極性溶劑中,於25-60℃進行亞胺化,得式(B)之N
-甲苯磺醯羥基硫亞胺。在大部分情況下,乙腈為乙胺化之較佳溶劑。
在流程A之步驟 b
中,N
-甲苯磺醯羥基硫亞胺(B)係於純硫酸中水解,得N
-未取代羥基硫亞胺(C)。此產物一般可直接用於下一反應,而不需純化。
在流程A之步驟 c
中,羥基硫亞胺(C)之氮原子可以溴化氰進行氰化反應,在鹼存在下,或可以硝酸進行硝化反應,在醋酸酐存在下,微加熱,或以烷基(R4
)氯甲酸酯進行羧化反應,在鹼如4-二甲基胺基吡啶(DMAP)存在下,以烷基或芳基(R5
)酸氯化物進行醯基化,在鹼如4-二甲基胺基吡啶(DMAP)存在下,以烷基或芳基磺醯基氯化物進行磺基化,在鹼如4-二甲基胺基吡啶(DMAP)存在下,或與烷基或醯基異氰酸酯反應,在鹼如4-二甲基胺基吡啶(DMAP)存在下,於室溫下,得N
-取代磺醯亞胺(I)。
式(Ia)化合物,其中Q為CN,且Het、R1
、R2
、R3
、n與L皆如先前所定義,可以流程B所示之方法製備。因此,前驅硫化物係以碘化苯二醋酸酯氧化,在氰醯胺存在下,於0℃反應,得羥基硫亞胺(Ia)。該反應可於極性質子性溶劑如CH2
Cl2
中進行。
前驅硫化物(A),可以不同方式製備,如流程C、D、E、F與G所示。
在流程C中,式(A1
)硫化物,其中L為單鍵,n為1,R3
=H,且R1
、R2
與Het如先前所定義,可製備自式(D)鹵化物,藉由以烷基硫醇鈉鹽進行親核性取代。
在流程D中,式(A2
)硫化物,其中L為單鍵,n為3,R3
=H,且R1
、R2
與Het皆如先前所定義,可製備自式(E)之氯化物,藉由與2-單取代甲基丙二酸酯反應,在鹼如第三-丁氧基鉀存在下,得2,2-二取代丙二酸酯,在鹼性條件下水解,形成二酸,藉由加熱使該二酸脫羧基化,得單酸,以硼烷-四氫呋喃錯合物還原該單酸,得一醇類,該醇類以甲苯磺醯氯(tosyl chloride)進行甲苯磺醯化,在鹼如吡啶存在下,得甲苯磺醯酯,並以所希望之硫醇鈉鹽取代該甲苯磺醯酯。
在流程E中,式(A3
)硫化物,其中L為單鍵,n為2,R3
=H,且R1
、R2
與Het係如先前所定義,可製備自式(F)之腈類,以強鹼去質子化,並以碘化烷基進行烷基化,得α-烷基化腈類,在強酸如HCl存在下水解α-烷基化腈類,可得一酸,將該酸以硼烷-四氫呋喃錯合物還原,得一醇類,該醇類以甲苯磺醯氯進行甲苯磺醯化,在鹼如吡啶存在下,得甲苯磺醯酯,並以所希望之硫醇鈉鹽取代該甲苯磺醯酯。
在流程F中,式(A4
)硫化物,其中n為0,R1
為-CH2
-、L為-CH(CH2
)p
-,其中p為2或3,並與R1
、S與L共同形成一5-或6-元環,Het如先前所定義,可製備自四氫噻吩(p=2),或五亞甲基硫化物(p=3)(G)。於苯中以N
-氯化琥珀醯胺氯化該環狀硫化物起始物質,之後以某些鋰化雜環化物或Grignard試劑進行烷基化,可產生所希望之硫化物(A4
),具有令人滿意的產率。
更有效取得式(A4
)之環狀硫化物之流程係如流程G所示,其中Het為6-取代吡啶-3-基,且Z如先前所述。因此,硫脲係加至經取代之氯化甲基吡啶,其在水解後,可以適當之溴氯化烷類(p=1、2或3)烷基化,在鹼性水溶液下,產生硫化物(H)。之後環化(H),在鹼如第三-丁氧基鉀存在下,於極性質子性溶劑如THF存在下,得環狀硫化物(A4
)。
某些式(A1
)硫化物,其中Het為經取代之吡啶-3-基,Z如先前所定義,且R1
、R2
=CH3
,可經由流程H所示之另一方法製備。因此,適當之烯酮係與二甲基胺基丙烯腈耦合,並於DMF中以醋酸銨環化,得相對應之6-取代菸鹼腈。以甲基-溴化鎂處理,以硼氫化鈉還原,以氯化亞硫進行氯化,並進行烷基硫醇鈉鹽之親核性取代,得希望之硫化物(A1
)。
流程H之變化係如流程I所示,其中烯胺,其形成自胺如吡咯烷,與某些具有適當之經取代α,β-未飽和醛類之硫化物之Michael加成物之加成反應,係與經取代之烯酮耦合,在CH3
CN中以醋酸銨環化,得所希望之硫化物(A1
),其中R1
、R2
、R3
與Z係如先前所定義。
此方法之變化如流程J所示,可用於製備環化吡啶基硫化物A5
,其中n=1,L=-(CH2
)-,且R1
、R2
結合形成5-元環。因此,四氫噻吩-3-酮與三苯基膦,以及二甲基-碳酸酯反應,得相對應之烯烴,之後以氫與一氧化碳進行醛化反應(hydroformylated),在銠催化劑存在下,於高壓下,得醛類(N)。其餘將醛類轉換為硫化物(A5
)之步驟,係依據先前流程I所述相同流程。
在流程K中,式(A6
)硫化物,其中R1
與Z係如先前所定義,n=1,以及L、R2
與一般連結於其上之碳結合代表一4-、5-或6-元環(x=0-2),可製備自2-取代5-溴-吡啶,經由與異丙基Grignard試劑或n-丁基鋰進行鹵素金屬交換,之後加至環狀酮上如環戊酮(x=1),在酸性條件下將烯烴脫氫、溴氫化(硼烷於四氫呋喃中)、氧化切割(氫氧化鈉與過氧化氫)、將所得醇類轉換為容易取代之片段,如甲烷磺醯基(以甲烷磺醯基氯與三乙胺處理),最終以烷基硫醇鈉鹽進行親核性取代。
在3-氯甲基-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶(5.1 g,26 mmol)之二甲基亞碸溶液中(DMSO;20 mL),加入一部份之硫基甲氧化鈉(1.8 g,26 mmol)。觀察到一劇烈之放熱反應,其導致反應轉為黑色。反應攪拌1 hr,之後其他之硫基甲氧化鈉(0.91 g,13 mmol)係緩慢加入。反應攪拌至隔日,之後倒入水中,並加入數滴濃鹽酸。混合物以Et2
O(3 x 50 mL)萃取,有機層合併,以濃鹽水清洗,以MgSO4
乾燥並濃縮。粗產物以層析法純化(Prep 500,10%丙酮/己烷,v/v),得硫化物(A),為淡黃色油狀物(3.6 g,67%)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.6(s,1H),7.9(d,1H),7.7(d,1H),3.7(s,2H),2.0(s,3H);GC-MS:分子量計算值為C8
H8
F3
NS[M]+
207。測量值207。
在0℃之硫化物(A)(3.5 g,17 mmol)與氰醯胺(1.4 mg,34 mmol)之CH2
Cl2
(30 mL)溶液中,一次加入碘化苯二醋酸酯(11.0 g,34 mmol)。反應攪拌30分鐘,之後回溫至室溫至隔日。混合物以CH2
Cl2
(50 mL)稀釋,並以H2
O清洗。水層以乙酸乙酯(4 x 50 mL)萃取,合併CH2
Cl2
與乙酸乙酯層,以MgSO4
乾燥並濃縮。粗產物以己烷研磨,並以層析法純化(chromatotron,60%丙酮/己烷,v/v),得硫亞胺(1),為黃色膠狀物(0.60 g,14%)。IR(薄膜)3008,2924,2143,1693 cm-1
;1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.8(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),7.8(d,1H),4.5(d,1H),4.3(d,1H),2.9(s,3H);LC-MS(ESI):分子量計算值C9
H9
F3
N3
S[M+H]+
248.04。測量值248。
(3E)-1-氯-4-乙氧基-1,1-二氟丁-3-烯-2-酮(7.36 g,40 mmol)係溶解於無水之甲苯(40 mL)中,並以3-二甲基胺基乙腈(4.61 g,48 mmol)於室溫下處理。溶液加熱至約100℃,3.5 hr。之後將溶劑減壓移除,剩餘之混合物重新溶解於二甲基甲醯胺(DMF;20 mL)中,以醋酸銨(4.62 g,60 mmol)處理,並於室溫下攪拌至隔日。將水加入該反應混合物中,並以醚-CH2
CH2
(1:2,v/v)萃取二次。合併之有機層以濃鹽水清洗、乾燥、過濾並濃縮。殘餘物經矽膠純化,得3.1 g之6-[氯(二氟)甲基]菸鹼腈(A),為淡色油狀物,產率為41%。GC-MS:分子量計算值C7
H3
ClF2
N2
[M]+
188。測量值188。
6-[氯(二氟)甲基]菸鹼腈(A)(3.0 g,15.8 mmol)係溶解於無水醚中(25 mL),並以冰水浴冷卻。3 M甲基溴化鎂之己烷溶液(6.4 mL,19 mmol)係經由針筒加入。添加完成後,混合物於0℃攪拌5 hr,之後於室溫攪拌10 hr。反應緩慢地以0℃之1 N檸檬酸水溶液中止,所得混合物於室溫下攪拌1 hr。pH以飽和NaHCO3
溶液調整回pH 7。二相分離,水相以乙酸乙酯萃取二次。合併之有機層係以濃鹽水清洗,以無水Na2
SO4
除水、過濾並濃縮。剩餘之混合物經矽膠純化,以15%丙酮之己烷(v/v)溶液沖提,得0.88 g之所希望產物1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}乙酮(B),為棕色油狀物,產率為30%。GC-MS:分子量計算值C8
H6
ClF2
NO[M]+
205。測量值205。
在0℃之1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}乙酮(B)(0.85 g,4.14 mmol)之MeOH(10 mL)溶液中,加入NaBH4
(0.16 g,4.14 mmol)。混合物攪拌30分鐘,並加入2 M HCl水溶液直至pH到達7。溶劑減壓移除,剩餘混合物以CH2
Cl2
(2 x 50 mL)萃取。合併之有機層以無水Na2
SO4
除水,過濾、濃縮並真空乾燥,得0.798 g之GC-MS分析級純之1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]-吡啶-3-基}乙醇(C),為淡黃色油狀物,產率93%。GC-MS:分子量計算值C8
H6
ClF2
NO[M]+
207。測量值207。
在1-{6-[氯(二氟)甲基]-吡啶-3-基}乙醇(0.78 g,3.77 mmol)之CH2
Cl2
(40 mL)中,於室溫下滴加入亞硫醯氯(0.54 mL,7.54 mmol)。1小時後,反應係緩慢地以飽和NaHCO3
水溶液中止,並分離二相。有機層以Na2
SO4
除水、過濾並於真空下乾燥,得0.83 g之粗2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-(1-氯乙基)吡啶(D),為棕色油狀物,產率為98%,其可直接使用於下一步驟反應。GC-MS:分子量計算值C8
H7
Cl2
F2
N[M]]+
225。測量值225。
在2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-(1-氯乙基)吡啶(D)(0.81 g,3.6 mmol)之乙醇溶液中(10 mL),於0℃部分地攪拌加入硫基甲氧化鈉(0.52 g,7.4 mmol)。10分鐘後,混合物回溫至室溫,並攪拌至隔日。溶劑乙醇之後減壓移除,殘餘物回溶至醚/CH2
Cl2
與濃鹽水中。二相分離,有機層以CH2
Cl2
再萃取一次。合併之有機層以無水Na2
SO4
除水、過濾、濃縮,經矽膠純化,使用5%乙酸乙酯之己烷溶液,得0.348 g之2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-[1-(甲基硫基)乙基]吡啶(E),產率為40%,GC-MS:分子量計算值C9
H10
ClF2
NS[M]+
237。測量值237。
在攪拌之2-[氯(二氟)甲基]-5-[1-(甲基硫基)-乙基]吡啶(E)(0.32 g,1.35 mmol)與氰醯胺(0.058 g,1.35 mmol)之THF(7 mL)溶液中,於0℃部分地加入碘化苯二醋酸酯(0.44 g,1.35 mmol),所得混合物於此溫度下攪拌1 hr,之後於室溫下攪拌2 hr。溶劑之後減壓移除,所得混合物溶解於CH2
Cl2
中,以半飽和濃鹽水清洗,以無水Na2
SO4
乾燥、過濾、濃縮,並經矽膠純化,使用50%丙酮之己烷溶液,得0.175 g之(1-{6-[氯-(二氟)甲基]吡啶-3-基}乙基)(甲基)-λ4
-亞硫烷基氰醯胺(F),為淡黃色油狀物,產率48%。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.71(d,J
=1.8 Hz,1H),7.91(dd,J
=8.4,1.8 Hz,1H)7.78(d,J
=8.4 Hz,1H),4.42(q,J
=6.9 Hz,1H),2.64(s,3H),1.92(d,J
=6.9 Hz,3H);LC-MS:分子量計算值C10
H10
ClF2
N3
S[M+1]+
278。測量值278。
5-乙基吡啶-2-羧酸(1.98 g,13 mmol)、苯基-二氯化膦(2.8 g,14.3 mmol)、五氯化磷(7.7 g,32 mmol)之混合物係攪拌,並緩慢加熱。一旦清澈黃色液體形成,混合物便加熱至回流整夜。冷卻後,揮發物減壓移除。殘餘物小心地倒入以冰水浴冷卻之碳酸鈉水溶液中。水相以CH2
Cl2
萃取二次。合併之有機層以濃鹽水清洗,以無水Na2
SO4
乾燥、過濾、濃縮,部分經矽膠純化,以10% EtOAc之己烷溶液沖提,得2.7 g粗產物,含有5-乙基-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶與5-(1-氯乙基)-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶,比例約3:1(GC數據,分子量計算值C8
H8
Cl3
N與C8
H7
Cl4
N[M]+
分別為223與257。測量值分別為223與257)。
上述粗產物(2.6 g)於四氯化碳中(100 mL)之混合物,之後以80% ofN
-溴琥珀亞醯胺(1.9 g,11 mmol)與過氧化苯(0.66 g,0.275 mmol)處理,並回流至隔日。固體過濾出,濾液濃縮,所得殘餘物經矽膠純化,使用4% EtOAc之己烷溶液,得1.0 g希望產物5-(1-溴乙基)-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶(A),為黃色固體。二步驟合併之產率為25%。GC-MS:分子量計算值C8
H7
BrCl3
N[M-1-Cl]+
266。測量值266。
5-(1-溴乙基)-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶(A)(0.95 g,3.14 mmol)之乙醇(15 mL)溶液,係於0℃以硫基甲氧化鈉(0.44 g,6.29 mmol)部分地處理。混合物於室溫下攪拌至隔日。溶劑乙醇之後減壓移除,殘餘物再倒至CH2
Cl2
與濃鹽水中。二相分離,有機層以無水Na2
SO4
乾燥、過濾並濃縮。殘餘物經矽膠純化,使用5% EtOAc之己烷溶液,得0.57 g部分純之5-[1-(甲基硫基)乙基]-2-(三氯甲基)吡啶(B),粗產率為67%。GC-MS:分子量計算值C9
H10
Cl3
NS[M]+
269。測量值269。
冷卻至0℃之攪拌5-[1-(甲基硫基)乙基]-2-(三氯甲基)-吡啶(B)(0.55 g,2.3 mmol)與氰醯胺(0.097 g,2.3 mmol)之THF(7 mL)溶液,部分地加入碘化苯二醋酸酯(0.75 g,2.3 mmol)。所得混合物於0℃攪拌1 hr,之後於室溫攪拌2 hr。溶劑真空移除,所得混合物經矽膠純化,使用50%丙酮之己烷溶液,得0.254 g之{1-[6-(三氯甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}(甲基)-λ4
-亞硫烷基氰醯胺(3
),為灰白色固體,產率為40%。非鏡像異構物混合物之1
H NMR(300 MHz,d6
-丙酮)δ 8.87(s,1H),8.21-8.25(m,2H),4.65-4.76(m,1H),2.86-2.66(m,3H),1.88-1.92(m,3H)。
2-氯-5-乙基嘧啶(1.15 g,8.1 mmol)之20 mL四氯化碳溶液,係以N
-溴琥珀亞醯胺(1.50 g,8.4 mmol)與催化量之過氧化苯處理,該混合物加熱至75℃。經過數小時與加入額外之催化劑後,起始物質完全被消耗。固體移除,濾液減壓濃縮。所得之殘餘物經快速矽膠層析法純化,使用乙酸乙酯與石油醚作為沖提溶劑。溶劑減壓移除,得0.64 g(36%)之5-(1-溴乙基)-2-氯嘧啶(A),為澄清液體:1
H NMR(CDCl3
)δ 8.70(s,2H),5.15(q,J=8.0 Hz,1H),2.10(d,J=8.0 Hz,3H);GCMS(FID)m/z 222(M+)。某些相對應之二溴化合物0.44 g(18%)亦單離出,為白色固體:mp 84-85℃;1
H NMR(CDCl3
)d 9.00(s,2H),3.00(s,3H);LCMS(ESI)m/z 298(M+H)。
2-氯-5-[1-(甲基硫基)乙基]嘧啶(B)得自溴化物(A),為淡黃色糖漿,使用範例III(B)所述之流程。1
H NMR(CDCl3
)δ 8.60(s,2H),3.85(q,J=8.0 Hz,1H),1.98(s,3H),1.65(d,J=8.0 Hz,3H);GCMS(FID)m/z 188(M+)。
如標題化合物(1E
)-[1-(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)乙基](甲基)-λ4
-亞硫烷基氰醯胺(4)係得自硫化物(B),為淡橘色糖漿,且為2:1之非鏡像異構物混合物,使用範例III(C)所述之流程。主要非鏡像異構物:1
H NMR(CDCl3
)δ 8.68(s,2H),4.38 q,J=8.3 Hz,1H),2.68(s,3H),1.92(d,J=8.3 Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)m/z 229(M+H)。
5-[(甲基硫基)甲基]-2-(三氟甲基)-1,3-噻唑(B)係製備自5-(溴甲基)-2-(三氟甲基)-1,3-噻唑(A)[USP 5,338,856],為淡橘色液體,使用範例III(B)所述流程。1
H NMR(CDCl3
)δ 7.75(s,1H),3.90(s,2H),2.10(s,3H);GC-MS(FID)m/z 213(M+)。
(1E
)-甲基{[2-(三氟甲基)-1,3-噻唑-5-基]甲基}-λ4
-亞硫烷基氰醯胺係得自硫化物(B),為淡黃色糖漿,使用範例III(C)描述之流程。1
H NMR(CDCl3
).δ 8.00(s,1H),4.60(s,2H),2.85(s,3H);LCMS(ESI)m/z 254(M+H)。
四氫噻嗯-3-酮(9.947 g,97.37 mmol)係置於250 mL Parr bomb中。加入三苯基膦(28.09 g,108.0 mmol),之後加入CH3
I(0.30 mL,4.8 mmol)與二甲基碳酸酯(10.0 mL,119 mmol)。反應器灌入氮氣,並於175℃加熱3 hr。反應混合物冷卻至室溫,以Kugelrohr蒸餾純化,得3-亞甲基-四氫噻吩,為無色液體(7.65 g),其含有希望之烯烴以及甲醇與苯。所希望之烯烴可直接使用,而不需進一步純化。1
H NMR(CDCl3
)δ 4.77(m,1H,烯烴H),4.72(m,1H,烯烴H),2.63(t,J=7 Hz,2H,H5),2.55(s,2H,H2),2.41(br t,J=7 Hz,2H,H4)。13
C{1
H}NMR(CDCl3
)δ 107.3(烯烴C
H2
),36.7,35.2,30.4。GC-MS(EI):100[m]+
。
3-亞甲基-四氫噻吩(5.88 g,為苯與甲醇之混合物)係置於25 mL Parr bomb中,其含有一磁性攪拌子。Rh(CO)2
(acac)(149 mg,0.58 mmol)與4,5-雙(二苯基膦)-9,9-二甲基呫噸(Xantphos)(355 mg,0.61 mmol)係以固體加入。反應器係密封,並灌入CO,之後加壓至350 psi。之後加入氫,使總壓力到達700 psi,反應器加熱至80℃,以磁子攪拌14h。反應混合物冷卻至室溫。GC-MS顯示單一醛類之空間異構物存在,以及苯與甲醇。無起始烯烴存在。溶劑真空移除,產物(四氫噻嗯-3-基乙醛)係以Kugelrohr蒸餾純化(50℃/0.01 mm),為無色液體(1.1 g)。1
H NMR(丙酮-d 6
)δ 9.76(t,J=1.4 Hz,1H,CH2
CH
O),2.97(m,1H),2.83(d,J=5.7 Hz,1H),2.80(d,J=5.4 Hz,1H),2.62(br s,3H),2.46(m,1H),2.17(m,1H),1.61(m,1H)。GC-MS(EI):130[m]+
。
純四氫噻嗯-3-基乙醛(1.10 g,8.45 mmol)係置於小管中,其灌入氮氣。小管於冰浴中冷卻,並加入固體K2
CO3
(0.584 g,4.23 mmol)。滴加入純吡啶(1.70 mL),歷時5分鐘。冰浴移除,反應混合物於N2
下攪拌20 h。GC-MS顯示所希望之烯胺完全形成。固體以4次10 mL醚部分地清洗。合併之醚萃取物於真空下蒸發,得中間產物烯胺,為淡黃色油狀物(1.617 g)。3-乙氧基-2-三氟甲基丙烯醛(1.634 g,9.72 mmol)係溶於無水CH3
CN(5 mL)中,在氮氣環境下。溶液以冰浴冷卻。烯胺(1.617 g)之2 mL CH3
CN溶液係滴加入,歷時10分鐘。冰浴移除,溶液回溫至室溫,並繼續攪拌2 h。係加入醋酸銨(1.407 g,18.25 mmol),反應混合物係於氮氣下回流1 h。溶液冷卻至室溫,CH3
CN於真空下揮發。所得之紅色油狀物係經矽膠管柱層析純化,以己烷-乙酸乙酯沖提,得5-四氫噻嗯-3-基-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(1.08 g;52.3%產率),為橘色結晶固體。1
H NMR(CDCl3
)δ 8.68(d,J=1.6 Hz,1H,吡啶H
6),7.83(dd,J=1.6,8.0 Hz,1H,吡啶H
4),7.65(d,J=8.0 Hz,1H,吡啶H
3),3.48(m,1H),3.24(dd,J=6.8,10 Hz,1H),3.09-2.90(m,3H),2.47(m,1H),2.11(m,1H)。GC-MS(EI):233[m]+
。
(1E
)-3-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]四氫-1H
-1λ4
-噻嗯-1-烷基氰醯胺(6),係得自5-(四氫噻嗯-3-基)-2-三氟-甲基吡啶,為灰白色粉末,使用範例III(C)所述之流程。此固體具有非鏡像異構物1:1混合物之1
H NMR共振光譜。1
H NMR(丙酮-d 6
)δ 8.85(d,J=2.2 Hz,1H,吡啶H
6),8.83(d,J=2.2 Hz,1H,吡啶H
6),8.26(dd,J=2.2,8.3 Hz,1H,吡啶H
4),8.15(dd,J=2.2,8.3 Hz,1H,吡啶H
4),7.90(d,J=8.3 Hz,1H,吡啶H
3),7.86(d,J=8.3 Hz,1H,吡啶H
3),4.38(dd,J=8.7,14 Hz,1H),4.23(tt,J=6,12 Hz,1H),4.16(ddd,J=2.6,8.3,11.2 Hz,1H),3.83(td,J=8.7,18 Hz,1H),3.68-3.48(m,3H),3.29-3.17(m,2H),2.95(m,1H),2.85-2.79(m,3H),2.33(m,1H)。LC-MS(ELSD):273[m]+
。
2-氯-3-氟-5-甲基吡啶(5.1 g,35 mmol)、N
-溴琥珀亞醯胺(6.1 g,35 mmol)與過氧化苯(0.16 g,0.66 mmol)之四氯化碳(100 mL)懸浮液,係回流至隔日。冷卻後,固體過濾移除,濾液濃縮,並載入矽膠管柱,以5% EtOAc之己烷溶液沖提,得3.77 g所希望之2-氯-3-氟-5-溴甲基吡啶,為無色油狀物,產率為48%。GC-MS計算值C6
H4
BrClFN:224.46。測量值:224。
2-氯-3-氟-5-甲基硫基甲基吡啶,係得自2-氯-3-氟-5-溴甲基吡啶,使用範例III(B)之相同流程。GC-MS計算值C7
H7
ClFNS:191.66。測量值:191。
[(5-氟-6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基]甲基-λ4
-亞硫烷基氰醯胺(7),係得自2-氯-3-氟-5-甲基硫基-甲基吡啶,為灰白色固體,使用範例III(C)之相同流程。LC-MS計算值C8
H7
ClFN3
S[M+1]+
:232.69。測量值:232.04。
在5-甲基-2-乙醯吡啶(9.9 g,73.3 mmol)之經分子篩除水之CH2
Cl2
(150 mL)溶液中,於室溫下加入二乙基胺基磺醯基三氟化物(DAST)(25.8 g,260 mmol),混合物於室溫下攪拌至隔日。係加入更多之DAST(12 g,74 mmol),反應繼續2天,之後繼續加入其他的DAST(3.8 g,23 mmol),反應繼續3天。之後反應緩慢地以0℃飽和NaHCO3
中止,有機相分離出,以Na2
SO4
除水、過濾並濃縮。殘餘物經矽膠純化,以8% EtOAc之己烷溶液(v/v)沖提,得3.91 g之2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5-甲基吡啶(A),為淡棕色油狀物,產率為34%。GC-MS:質量計算值C8
H9
F2
N[M]+
157。測量值157。
2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5-甲基吡啶(A)(2.0 g,12.7 mmol)、N
-溴琥珀亞醯胺(2.2 g,12.7 mmol)與過氧化苯(0.15 g,0.63 mmol)之四氯化碳(100 mL)混合物,係回流加熱至隔日。之後固體過濾移除,濾液濃縮。殘餘物回溶至乙醇(40 mL),於室溫下加入硫基甲氧化鈉(1.33 g,19 mmol),並攪拌3 h。溶劑減壓移除,剩餘之混合物溶解於CH2
Cl2
與水中。分離後,有機層以Na2
SO4
除水、過濾並濃縮。粗產物2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5-甲基硫基甲基吡啶(B)於GC/MS上為94%純,其可直接用於下一反應,而不需進一步純化。GC-MS:質量計算值C9
H11
F2
NS[M]+
203。測量值203。
[(6-(1,1-二氟乙基吡啶-3-基)甲基)(甲基)-λ4
-亞硫烷基氰醯胺(8),係得自2-(1,1-二氟乙基)-5-甲基硫基1甲基吡啶(B),為棕色固體,使用範例III(C)之相同流程。LC-MS:質量計算值C10
H11
F2
N3
S[M]+
243.28。測量值[M+1]+
244.11。
5-溴-2-氯吡啶(3.0 g,15.6 mmol)係溶解於乙醚中(100 mL),於經烘箱乾燥、氮氣沖洗之250 mL圓底瓶中,並於乾冰/丙酮浴中冷卻,在氮氣環境下。n-BuLi(1.05 g,16.4 mmol,6.6 mL之2.5 M己烷溶液)係經由針筒加入,橘色非均勻混合物攪拌1小時。環戊酮(1.3 g,15.6 mmol)係經針筒加入,混合物回溫至-20℃,之後以1N HCl中止反應。混合物以EtOAc萃取,有機萃取物以飽和NaHCO3
清洗。NaHCO3
洗液係用於中和第一水層,合併之水層係以額外之EtOAc萃取,合併之有機層經除水(Na2
SO4
)、過濾、濃縮,並經快速矽膠層析法純化(己烷:EtOAc;2:1),得1-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊醇(2.33 g,76%),為灰白色固體:mp 92-93℃,LC/MS(ESI)m/z 197,1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.50(d,1H,J=2.4 Hz),7.77(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4 Hz),7.28(d,1H,J=8.4 Hz),2.05-1.80(m,8H),1.60(s,1H,OH)。
1-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊醇(2.1 g,10.5 mmol)係經醋酸(12 mL)與硫酸(4 mL)處理,混合物加熱至回流30分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,加入冰與2 N NaOH(180 mL),所得之棕褐色沈澱物係以過濾收集,以H2
O清洗,並乾燥,得2-氯-5-(環戊-1-烯基)吡啶(1.66 g,88%),為棕褐色固體:mp 59-60℃,LC/MS(ESI)m/z 179,1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.41(d,1H,J=2.4 Hz),7.66(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4 Hz),7.25(d,1H,J=8.4 Hz),6.27(t,1H,J=2.1 Hz),2.69(bm,2H),2.55(bm,2H),2.05(m,2H)。
2-氯-5-(環戊-1-烯基)吡啶(1.5 g,8.5 mmol)係溶於THF(30 mL)中,於經烘箱乾燥、氮氣沖洗之250 mL圓底瓶中,所得之溶液於乾冰/丙酮浴中冷卻,在氮氣環境下。BH3
THF錯合物(2.4 g,28.0 mmol,28 mL之1 M THF溶液)係以針筒於攪拌中滴加入,混合物緩慢回溫至室溫,並攪拌至隔日。2 N NaOH(15 mL)、乙醇(15 mL)與35% H2
O2
(10 mL)係加入,混合物攪拌0.5 h,之後以EtOAc與1 N HCl稀釋。各層分離,有機層以濃鹽水與NaHSO3
水溶液清洗、以Na2
SO4
除水、經矽藻土過濾,並濃縮。以快速層析法純化(己烷:EtOAc/10:1→2:1),得沖提副產物2-氯-5-環戊基吡啶(0.45 g,29%)與1-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊醇(0.44 g,26%),之後得所希望之產物名-2-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊醇(0.25 g,15%),為澄清油狀物:LC/MS(ESI)m/z 197,1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.26(d,1H,J=2.4 Hz),7.55(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4 Hz),7.25(d,1H,J=8.4 Hz),4.12(m,1H),2.88(m,1H),2.24-1.62(m,6H)。
反
-2-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊醇(0.225 g,1.14 mmol)係溶於CH2
Cl2
中(10 mL),於50 mL之圓底瓶中,溶液以冰浴冷卻,在氮氣環境下,並以Et3
N(0.172 g,1.71 mmol,0.24 mL)與甲烷磺醯基氯化物(0.163 g,1.42 mmol,0.11 ml)處理,經由針筒加入並攪拌。1 h後,TLC(己烷:EtOAc/2:1)指示出完全轉換。反應混合物真空濃縮,之後在EtOAc與1 N HCl間分層。各層分離,有機物除水(Na2
SO4
)、過濾並濃縮,得反-甲烷磺酸2-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊酯(0.303 g,97%),為油狀物:LC/MS(ESI)m/z 275,1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.28(d,1H,J=2.7 Hz),7.56(dd,1H,J=8.1,2.7 Hz),7.3(d,1H,J=8.1 Hz),4.93(apparent q,1H,J=5.7 Hz),3.28(apparent q,1H,J=8.7 Hz),2.86(s,3H),2.26(m,2H),2.10-1.80(m,3H),1.73(m,1H)。
反
-甲烷磺酸2-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊酯(0.295 g,1.07 mmol)係溶於EtOH(5 mL)中,於25 mL之圓底瓶中,並以冰浴冷卻,在氮氣環境下。甲烷硫醇鈉(0.224 g,3.20 mmol)一次加入雲霧狀白色混合物中,之後回溫至室溫,並攪拌至隔日。混合物以EtOAc與濃鹽水稀釋,並分層。有機層以濃鹽水清洗、除水(Na2
SO4
)、過濾並濃縮。經矽膠快速層析法純化(己烷:EtOAc/10:1),得順
-2-氯-5-(2-甲基硫基環戊基)吡啶(0.148 g,61%),為油狀物:LC/MS(ESI)m/z 227,1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.27(d,1H,J=2.7 Hz),7.60(dd,1H,J=8.1,2.7 Hz),7.26(d,1H,J=8.1 Hz),3.30(m,2H),2.24(m,1H),2.15-1.65(m,5H),1.74(s,3H)。
順
-[2-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)環戊基](甲基)-λ4
-亞硫烷基-氰醯胺(9)係得自順
-2-氯-5-(2-甲基硫基環戊基)吡啶,為油狀物,且為1:1之非鏡像異構物混合物,使用範例III(C)之相同流程。LC/MS(ESI)m/z 267,1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.31(d,2H,J=2.7 Hz),7.70(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.7 Hz),7.63(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.7 Hz),7.40(d,1H,J=8.4 Hz),7.32(d,1H,J=8.4 Hz),3.96(m,1H),3.81(m,1H),3.67-3.51(m,2H),2.73(s,3H),2.59(m,1H),2.45(s,3H),2.40-1.95(m,9H),1.85(m,2H)。
在乙基4,6-二氯菸鹼酸酯(8.8 g,40 mmol)之無水THF(75 mL)攪拌溶液中,其以冰水浴冷卻,滴加入1 M LiAlH4
之THF溶液(25 mL,25 mmol)。在添加過程中,溫度不可升高超過25℃。添加完成後,反應回溫至40℃,15分鐘後冷卻,之後滴加入水(0.95 mL)、15% NaOH水溶液(0.95 mL)與水(1.85 mL)中止反應。混合物經矽藻土過濾,濾液除水(MgSO4
),通過矽膠短墊並濃縮,得紅色油狀物。醚(100 mL)加入,該處立即產生膠狀沈澱物,其經過濾移除。醚溶液置於室溫下至隔日,其間會有更多的沈澱物形成,其可再度地以過濾移除。醚溶液濃縮並乾燥,得3.25 g產物2,4-二氯-5-羥基-甲基吡啶,產率為46%,為近乎無色之油狀固體。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.5(s,1H),7.4(s,1H),4.8(s,2H),2.7(bs,1H);GC-MS:分子量計算值C6
H5
Cl2
NO[M]+
,177。測量值177。
起始物質2,4-二氯-5-羥基甲基吡啶(3.2 g,18 mmol)係轉換為2.0 g之2,4-二氯-5-氯甲基吡啶(57% yield),為黃色油狀物,使用範例II(D)之相同流程。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.4(s,1H),7.4(s,1H),4.7(s,2H);GC-MS:分子量計算值C6
H4
Cl3
N[M]+
,195。測量值195。
2,4-二氯-5-甲基硫基甲基吡啶(2.0 g,94%產率)係製備自2,4-二氯-5-氯甲基吡啶(2.0 g,1.0 mmol),為黃色油狀物,使用範例I流程A之相同方法。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
)δ 8.3(s,1H),7.4(s,1H),3.7(s,2H),2.0(s,3H);GC-MS:分子量計算值C7
H7
Cl2
NS[M]+
,207。測量值207。
[(4,6-二氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)-λ4
-亞硫烷基-氰醯胺(10
)係製備自2,4-二氯-5-甲基硫基甲基-吡啶,為黃色膠狀物,使用如範例I(B)之相同方法。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO)δ 8.48(s,1H),7.93(s,1H),4.68(d,1H),4.49(d,1H),2.95(s,3H);LC-MS(ELSD):分子量計算值C8
H7
Cl2
N3
S[M]+
248。測量值248。
前述範例中之化合物係測試於棉花蚜蟲與綠桃蚜蟲,使用後述流程。
具有完全展開之子葉葉子之南瓜,修剪為每株植物僅有一片子葉,並以棉花蚜蟲(無翅成蟲與幼蟲)侵擾1天,在施加化學物之前。每株植物在施加化學物之前皆接受檢驗,以確保有適當的侵擾(每株植物ca.30-70隻蚜蟲)。化合物(2 mg)係溶於2 ml之丙酮:甲醇(1:1)溶劑,形成1000 ppm之儲存溶液。儲存溶液之後以0.025% Tween 20之水溶液稀釋5倍,得200 ppm之溶液。較低濃度(50、12.5與3.13 ppm)係依序自200 ppm稀釋4倍,以80份0.025% Tween 20之水溶液與20份丙酮:甲醇(1:1)組成之稀釋液稀釋。手握式Devilbiss噴霧器係用於施加待測溶液,直至南瓜子葉葉子二側皆溢出為止。每一化合物之每一濃度皆使用4株植物(4重複)。參考植物(溶劑確認組)僅噴施稀釋液。經處理之植物係置於約23℃與40% RH之維持室中3天,在每株植物之活蚜蟲數目被記錄前。殺蟲劑活性係以經校正%控制組表示,使用Abbott’s校正公式,列於表1:經校正之%控制組=100*(X-Y)/X其中X=溶劑確認植物上之活蚜蟲數目Y=經處理植物上之活蚜蟲數目
捲心菜幼苗成長於3-英吋之盆中,具有2-3葉小真葉(3-5 cm),係使用作為測試受質。幼苗係經20-50隻綠桃蚜蟲(無翅成蟲與幼蟲)侵擾2-3天,在施加化學物之前。每一處理組皆使用四株幼苗。化合物(2 mg)係溶於2 ml丙酮:甲醇(1:1)溶劑中,形成1000 ppm之儲存溶液。儲存溶液之後以0.025% Tween 20之水溶液稀釋5倍,得200 ppm之溶液。較低濃度(50、12.5與3.13 ppm)係依序自200 ppm稀釋4倍,以80份0.025% Tween 20之水溶液與20份丙酮:甲醇(1:1)組成之稀釋液稀釋。手握式Devilbiss噴霧器係用於施加待測溶液,直至捲心菜子葉葉子二側皆溢出為止。參考植物(溶劑確認組)僅噴施稀釋液。經處理之植物係置於約23℃與40% RH之維持室中3天,在評分之前。係以在顯微鏡下計算每株植物之活蚜蟲數目進行評估。殺蟲劑活性係使用Abbott’s校正公式測量:經校正之%控制組=100*(X-Y)/X其中X=溶劑確認植物上之活蚜蟲數目Y=經處理植物上之活蚜蟲數目
各試驗之經校正%控制組值係列於表1。
在表1之每一案例中,計分規則如下:
本發明化合物係用於控制無脊椎生物,包括昆蟲。因此,本發明亦相關於一種抑制昆蟲之方法,包含施加昆蟲抑制劑量之式(I)化合物至昆蟲所在位置、待保護區域,或直接施加至待控制之昆蟲上。本發明化合物亦可使用於控制其他無脊椎病蟲,如白蟻與線蟲。
昆蟲或其他病蟲之“所在位置”為一術語,使用於此係指一環境,為昆蟲或其他病蟲存活或產卵處,包括環繞他們的空氣、他們所吃的食物,或他們接觸的物品。例如啃食、破壞或接觸食用、日用、裝飾用、草地或放牧用植物之昆蟲,可經由施加該活性化合物而控制,可施加至植物種子,在種植之前、施加至種苗,或種植處切口、葉子、枝幹、果實、穀粒,及/或根部,或施加至土壤或成長基中,在作物種植前或後。保護這些植物對抗病毒黴菌或細菌疾病,亦可間接經由控制吸食汁液(sap-feeding)病蟲如粉蝨(whitefly)、植物飛蝨(plant hopper)、蚜蟲,以及小蜘蛛(spider mite)而達成。此種植物包括經由一般方法餵食者,一般為基因上經修飾,使用現代生物科技,以獲得昆蟲抵抗性、除草劑抵抗性、營養強化,及/或其他有益特性。
應瞭解到,該化合物亦可用於保護織物、紙張、儲存作物、種子與其他食物、房屋與其他建築,其由人類及/或同伴、農場、牧場、動物園或其他動物佔據,藉由施用活性化合物至或接近此類物品。馴化之動物、建築或人類可經該化合物保護,藉由控制無脊椎及/或線蟲病蟲,其為寄生蟲或可散播傳染病。此類病蟲包括,例如,沙蚤、壁蝨、蝨子、蚊子、蒼蠅、跳蚤與心絲蟲。非農業性應用亦包括無脊椎害蟲,在森林中、庭院中、路旁與鐵道上。
術語“抑制昆蟲”係指降低昆蟲之數目,或降低存活之昆蟲卵之數目。由化合物降低之量當然取決於施加化合物之速率、使用之特定化合物,以及目標昆蟲物種。應使用至少失活量。術語“昆蟲失活量”係用於描述一劑量,足以導致經處理昆蟲數量之可測量降低。一般可使用劑量範圍為約1至約1000 ppm重之活性化合物。例如,可經抑制之昆蟲或其他病蟲包括,但不侷限於:鱗翅目(Lepidoptera)-棉鈴蟲(Heliothis
spp.)、棉鈴蟲(Helicoverpa
spp.)、夜蛾(Spodoptera
spp.)、黏蟲(Mythimna unipuncta)
、球菜夜蛾(Agrotis ipsilon)
、金剛鑽(Earias
spp.)、切夜蛾(Euxoa auxiliaris)
、粉斑夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)
、梨豆夜蛾(Anticarsia gemmatalis)
、茶刺蛾(Rachiplusia nu)
、小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)
、螟蟲(Chilo
spp.)、三化螟(Scirpophaga incertulas)
、大螟(Sesamia inferens
)、稻縱捲葉野螟蛾(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis)
、歐洲玉米螟(Ostrinia nubilalis)
、蘋果蠹蛾(Cydia pomonella)
、桃蛀果蛾(Carposina niponensis)
、小捲葉蛾(Adoxophyes orana)
、果樹黃捲蛾(Archips argyrospilus)
、蘋褐捲蛾(Pandemis heparana)
、夜小捲蛾(Epinotia aporema)
、葡萄與蘋果捲葉蛾(Eupoecilia ambiguella)
、鮮食葡萄小捲蛾(Lobesia botrana)
、葡萄漿小捲蛾(Polychrosis viteana)
、棉紅鈴蟲(Pectinophora gossypiella)
、菜青蟲(Pieris rapae)
、細蛾(Phyllonorycter
spp.)、白潛葉蛾(Leucoptera malifoliella)
、柑桔潛葉蛾(Phyllocnisitis citrella)。
鞘翅目(Coleoptera)-十二星葉甲(Diabrotica
spp.)、科羅拉多金花蟲(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)
、稻負泥蟲(Oulema oryzae)
、棉鈴象甲(Anthonomus grandis)
、稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)
、扣甲(Agriotes
spp.)、玉米食根蟲(Melanotus communis)
、日本豆金龜(Popillia japonica)
、圓頭犀金龜(Cyclocephala
spp.)、擬穀盜(Tribolium
spp.)。
同翅目(Homoptera)-蚜蟲(Aphis
spp.)、桃蚜(Myzus persicae)
、無網長管蚜(Rhopalosiphum
spp.)、車前圓尾蚜(Dysaphis plantaginea)
、蚜蟲(Toxoptera
spp.)、大楫長管蚜(Macrosiphum euphorbiae)
、馬鈴薯蚜(Aulacorthum solani)
、麥長管蚜(Sitobion avenae)
、麥無網長管蚜(Metopolophium dirhodum)
、麥二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)
、俄羅斯麥蚜(Brachycolus noxius)
、黑尾葉蟬(Nephotettix
spp.)、褐飛蝨(Nilaparvata lugens)
、白背飛蝨(Sogatella furcifera)
、灰飛蝨(Laodelphax striatellus)
、煙粉蝨(Bemisia tabaci)
、溫室白粉蝨(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)
、甘藍粉蝨(Aleurodes proletella)
、菊潛蠅(Aleurothrixus floccosus)
、梨圓介殼蟲(Quadraspidiotus perniciosus)
、箭頭介殼蟲(Unaspis yanonensis)
、紅蠟蚧(Ceroplastes rubens)
、加州圓介殼蟲(Aonidiella aurantii)。
半翅目(Hemiptera)-盲椿(Lygus
spp.)、盾椿(Eurygaster maura)
、綠稻椿(Nezara viridula)
、海星椿(Piezodorus guildingi)
、稻緣椿象(Leptocorisa varicornis)
、溫帶臭蟲(Cimex lectularius)、熱帶臭蟲(Cimex hemipterus)。
櫻翅目(Thysanoptera)-花薊馬(Frankliniella
spp.)、薊馬(Thrips
spp.)、小黃薊馬(Scirtothrips dorsalis)。
等翅目(Isoptera)-黃肢散白蟻(Reticulitermes flavipes)
、台灣乳白蟻(Coptotermes formosanus)
、黃胸散白蟻(Reticulitermes virginicus)、金色異白蟻(Heterotermes aureus)、美國散白蟻(Reticulitermes hesperus)、J弗氏乳白蟻(Coptotermes frenchii)、Shedorhinotermes
spp.、防犀白蟻(Reticulitermes santonensis)、格蘭散白蟻(Reticulitermes grassei)、班尤散白蟻(Reticulitermes banyulensis)、黃胸散白蟻(Reticulitermes speratus)、北美散白蟻(Reticulitermes hageni)、長腳散白蟻(Reticulitermes tibialis)、美古白蟻(Zootermopsis
spp.)、小楹白蟻(Incisitermes
spp.)、緣白蟻(Marginitermes
spp.)、大白蟻(Macrotermes
spp.)、小鋸白蟻(Microcerotermes
spp.)、蠻白蟻(Microtermes
spp.)。
雙翅目(Diptera)-斑潛蠅(Liriomyza
spp.)、家蠅(Musca domestica)
、斑蚊(Aedes
spp.)、家蚊(Culex
spp.)、瘧蚊(Anopheles
spp.)、廁蠅(Fannia
spp.)、廄螯蠅(Stomoxys
spp.)。
膜翅目(Hymenoptera)-紅螞蟻(Iridomyrmex humilis)
、火蟻(Solenopsis
spp.)、小黃家蟻(Monomorium pharaonis)
、Atta
spp.、收成蟻(Pogonomyrmex
spp.)、弓背蟻(Camponotus
spp.)、單家蟻(Monomorium
spp.)、臭家蟻(Tapinoma sessile)、家蟻(Tetramorium
spp.)、Xylocapa
spp.、
黃胡蜂(Vespula
spp.)、
胡蜂(Polistes
spp.)。
食毛目(Mallophaga)(鳥蝨)。
蝨目(Anoplura)(吸蝨)-陰蝨(Pthirus pubis)、蝨(Pediculus
spp.)。
直翅目(Orthoptera)(蚱蜢、蟋蟀)-蝗蟲(Melanoplus
spp.)、東亞飛蝗(Locusta migratoria)、沙漠蝗(Schistocerca gregaria)、螻蛄(Gryllotalpidae)
(螻蛄
)。
蜚蠊目(Blattoidea)(蟑螂)-東方蠊(Blatta orientalis)、德國姬蠊(Blattella germanica)、美洲蜚蠊(Periplaneta americana)、棕帶蟑螂(Supella longipalpa)、澳洲蜚蠊(Periplaneta australasiae)、棕色蟑螂(Periplaneta brunnea)、異翅目蠊(Parcoblatta pennsylvanica)、煙褐蟑螂(Periplaneta fuliginosa)、潛伏蟑螂(Pycnoscelus surinamensis)。
蚤類(Siphonaptera)-蚤(Ctenophalides
spp.)、致癢蚤(Pulex irritans)。
蜱蟎(Acari)-大黃葉蟎(Tetranychus
spp.)、蜘蛛蟎(Panonychus spp.)、葡萄始葉蟎(Eotetranychus carpini)、柑桔銹蜱(Phyllocoptruta oleivora)、桔刺皮節蜱(Aculus pelekassi)、紫紅短鬚蟎(Brevipalpus phoenicis)、牛蟬(Boophilus spp.)、變異革蜱(Dermacentor variabilis)、短小扇頭蜱(Rhipicephalus sanguineus)、美洲鈍眼蜱(Amblyomma americanum)、真蜱(Ixodes spp.)、小穿孔疥癬蟲(Notoedres cati)、疥癬蟲(Sarcoptes scabiei)、表皮蟎(Dermatophagoides
spp.)。
線蟲(Nematoda)-心絲蟲(Dirofilaria immitis)、根瘤線蟲(Meloidogyne spp.)、包囊線蟲(Heterodera
spp.)、冠線蟲(Hoplolaimus columbus)、刺線蟲(Belonolaimus
spp.)、根腐線蟲(Pratylenchus
spp.)、腎形線蟲(Rotylenchus reniformis)、裝飾小環線蟲(Criconemella ornata)、莖線蟲(Ditylenchus
spp.)、葉芽線蟲(Aphelenchoides besseyi)、潛根線蟲(Hirschmanniella
spp.)。
本發明化合物係施以組成物形式,為本發明之重要實施例,其包含本發明化合物與一植物學上可接受之惰性載體。病蟲之控制可藉由施加噴霧、局部處理、凝膠、種子包覆、微膠囊、系統性吸收、誘餌、耳牌、大丸藥、霧化器、燻劑、氣霧、粉塵,以及許多其他形式之本發明化合物而達成。該組成物可濃縮為固體或液體配方,其可分散於水中施用,或作為粉塵或顆粒配方施用,不需進一步處理。該組成物係依據流程製備,配方為一般農業化學領域所用者,但為新穎且重要,由於存在有本發明之化合物。然而,將提供該組成物配方之某些描述,以確保農業化學家可立即製備任何希望之組成物。
該化合物之分散液通常為水性懸浮液或乳化物,製備自該化合物之濃縮配方。此水溶性、水可懸浮或可乳化之配方,可為固體,通常已知為可濕潤粉末,或已知為乳化濃縮物或水性懸浮液之液體。可濕潤粉末,其可壓製形成水可分散顆粒,包含活性化合物、惰性載劑與介面活性劑之融合混合物。活性化合物之濃度通常為約10%至約90%重。惰性載體通常選自凹凸棒黏土、蒙托黏土(montmorillonite clays)、矽藻土(diatomaceous earths),或經純化之二氧化矽。有效之界面活性劑,包含約0.5%至約10%之可濕潤粉末,係發現於磺化木質素(sulfonated lignins)、壓縮之萘基磺酸鹽、萘基磺酸鹽、烷基芐基磺酸鹽、烷基磺酸鹽、非離子性界面活性劑,如烷基酚之環氧乙烷加成物。
該化合物之可乳化濃縮物包含一般濃度之該化合物,如約50至約500克每升液體,等量於約10%至約50%,溶解於惰性載劑中,其為水可互溶之溶劑或水不互溶有機溶劑,或乳化劑。可使用之有機溶劑包括芳香族,尤其是二甲苯、石油分餾物,尤其是石油之高沸點萘與烯烴部分,如重芳香輕油。其他有機溶劑亦可使用,如萜烯類溶劑,包括松香(rosin)衍生物、脂肪酮如環己酮,以及複合醇,如2-乙氧基乙醇。用於乳化濃縮物之適當乳化劑係選自於一般陰離子性及/或非離子性界面活性劑,如上述所討論者。
水性懸浮液包含本發明水不溶性化合物之懸浮液,分散於水性載劑中,濃度範圍為約5%至約50%重。懸浮液係以磨細該化合物,並劇烈混合至含有水與界面活性劑,選自上述討論之相同類型者,之載劑中而製備。惰性成分,如無機鹽類與合成或天然膠,亦可加入,以增加水性載劑之密度與黏稠度。通常最有效為同時研磨並混合該化合物,藉由製備水性混合物,並於工具,如沙磨、球磨或活塞型均質機中均質化。
該化合物亦可以顆粒組成物施加,其特別適用於施加至土壤中。顆粒組成物通常含有約0.5%至約10%重之該化合物,分散於一惰性載劑中,其完全或大部分由黏土或類似之不昂貴物質組成。此類組成物通常係以溶解該化合物於適當溶劑中而製備,並將其置於適當之顆粒載劑中,其預先形成為適當顆粒大小,範圍為約0.5至3 mm。此類組成物亦可配製為載劑與化合物之團狀物或糊狀物,粉碎並乾燥,以獲得希望之顆粒粒徑。
含該化合物之粉塵係簡單緊密混合該粉末形式之化合物與適當之粉塵農業用載劑,如高嶺土、經研磨之火山岩,及其類似物。粉塵可適當地包含約1%至約10%之該化合物。
實際上亦可,當有任何希望之理由時,可施加該化合物於適當溶劑中之溶液形式,通常為溫和石油,如噴霧油,其廣泛地使用於農業化學上。
殺蟲劑與殺蟎劑一般係以活形成份於液體載劑中之懸浮液形式施加。一般係以在載劑中之活性成分濃度表示施加比例。最廣泛使用之載劑為水。
本發明化合物亦可以氣霧組成物方式施加。在此組成物中,該活性化合物係溶解或分散於一惰性載劑中,其為一加壓產生推進混合物。該氣霧組成物係包裝於一溶劑中,其中該混合物經由一氣化閥分散。推進混合物包含低沸點鹵碳化合物,其可與有機溶劑混合,或具有惰性氣體與氣相碳氫化合物加壓之水性懸浮液。
施加至昆蟲或白蟻處之化合物實際量並非絕對,且可立即由熟習此技術領域者,依據上述範例說明而決定。一般而言,濃度為10 ppm至5000 ppm重之化合物,預期可提供良好之控制。就許多化合物而言,濃度100至1500 ppm便足夠。
化合物施加之位置可為昆蟲或白蟻棲息之位置,例如蔬菜、穀物、水果與堅果樹、葡萄藤、裝飾用樹、家畜、建築之內部與外部表面,以及建築旁之土壤。
由於昆蟲卵對抗毒性作用之特殊能力,便需要重複之施加以控制新出現之幼蟲,如同目前已知之其他殺蟲劑與殺蟎劑。
本發明化合物在植物中之系統性移動可用以控制病蟲於植物之一部分,藉由施加該化合物至其不同部位。例如,葉餵食性昆蟲之控制可藉由滴入灌溉或犁溝施加而控制,或藉由在種植前處理種子而控制。種子處理可施加於所有形式之種子上,包括經基因轉型表現特化特徵之植物,會發芽。代表性範例包括會表現對無脊椎病蟲有毒性之蛋白者,該病蟲如蘇雲金芽胞桿菌(Bacillus thuringiensis
),或其他殺蟲蛋白會表現除草劑抵抗性,如“Roundup Ready”種子,或具有“堆疊”外來基因,可表現殺蟲蛋白、除草劑抵抗性、營養強化,及/或任一其他有益之特徵。
由本發明化合物與誘食劑,及/或餵食刺激物組成之殺蟲誘餌組成物,可用於增加殺蟲劑對抗昆蟲之效率,於裝置中如捕捉器、誘餌站,及其類似物中。該誘餌組成物通常為一固體、半固體(包括凝膠),或液體誘餌基質,包括刺激物,以及一或多種未經微膠囊化或微膠囊化之殺蟲劑,其量足以作用為毒殺劑。
本發明化合物(式I)通常與一或多種其他殺蟲劑或殺黴菌劑或除草劑結合,以控制較廣變異性之病蟲疾病與雜草。當使用於與其他殺蟲劑或殺黴菌劑結合時,本發明申請之化合物可與其他殺蟲劑或殺黴菌劑或除草劑一同配製,與其他殺蟲劑或殺黴菌劑或除草劑一同儲存,或與其他殺蟲劑或殺黴菌劑或除草劑依序施加。
可有益地與本發明化合物結合之某些殺蟲劑包括:抗生素殺蟲劑
,如阿羅沙菌素(allosamidin)與蘇力菌素(thuringiensin);大環內酯類殺蟲劑
如多殺菌素(spinosad)、多殺安(spinetoram),以及其他賜諾殺類(spinosyns),包括21-丁烯基賜諾殺,及其衍生物;阿維菌素(avermectin)殺蟲劑
如阿巴丁(abamectin)、多拉菌素(doramectin)、因滅汀(emamectin)、埃普立諾菌素(eprinomectin)、伊維菌素(ivermectin)與賽拉菌素(selamectin);倍脈辛(milbemycin)殺蟲劑
如拉匹麥汀(lepimectin)、密滅汀(milbemectin)、倍脈辛肟(milbemycin oxime)與莫西菌素(moxidectin);砷類殺蟲劑
如碑酸鈣、醋酸亞碑酸銅、碑酸銅碑酸鉛、碑酸鉀與碑酸鈉;生物性殺蟲劑
如金龜子芽胞桿菌(Bacillus popilliae)、球型芽胞桿菌(B.sphaericus)、蘇力芽胞桿菌aizawai(B.thuringiensis
subsp.aizawai)
、蘇力芽胞桿菌kurstaki(B.thuringiensis
subsp.kurstaki)、蘇力芽胞桿菌tenebrioni(B.thuringiensis
subsp.tenebrionis)、球孢白殭菌(Beauveria bassiana)、蘋果蠹蛾(Cydia pomonella)顆粒病毒
、花旗松毒蛾(Douglas fir tussock moth)NPV、舞毒蛾(gypsy moth)NPV、玉米夜蛾(Helicoverpa zea)
NPV、印度穀蛾(Indian meal moth)顆粒病毒、金龜子綠殭菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)、蝗蟲微孢子蟲(Nosema locustae)
、玫煙色擬青黴(Paecilomyces fumosoroseus)、咖啡臀紋殻介蟲(P.lilacinus)、無色桿菌(Photorhabdus luminescens)、甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua)
NPV,胰蛋白酶調控抑卵因子,嗜線蟲致病桿菌(Xenorhabdus nematophilus),以及伯氏致病桿菌(X.bovienii)、植物加入保護性殺蟲劑
,如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1A.105、Cry2Ab2、Cry3A、mir Cry3A、Cry3Bb1、Cry34、Cry35與VIP3A;植物性殺蟲劑,
如毒藜鹼(anabasine)、印楝素(azadirachtin)、d-檸檬油精、尼古丁、除蟲菊精、瓜菊酯(cinerins)、瓜菊酯I、瓜菊酯II、茉酮菊素(jasmolin)I、茉酮菊素I、除蟲菊精I、除蟲菊精II、苦木(quassia)、魚藤精(rotenone)、雷雅尼亞(ryania)與沙巴藜蘆(sabadilla);胺基甲酸酯殺蟲劑
如免敵克(bendiocarb)與加保利(carbaryl);苯並呋喃甲基胺基甲酸酯殺蟲劑
,如免扶克(benfuracarb)、加保扶(carbofuran)、丁基加保扶(carbosulfan)、去丁基加保扶(decarbofuran)與呋線威(furathiocarb);二甲基胺基甲酸酯殺蟲劑,大滅停
(dimitan)、滅蠅威(dimetilan)、水奎威(hyquincarb)與比加普(pirimicarb);肟基胺基甲酸酯殺蟲劑
,如棉鈴威(alanycarb)、替滅威(aldicarb)、替滅碸威(aldoxycarb)、丁肟、丁氧肟、滅多威(methomyl)、戊氰威(nitrilacarb)、歐殺滅(oxamyl)、噻蟎威(tazimcarb)、肟殺威(thiocarboxime)、硫敵克(thiodicarb)與久效威(thiofanox);苯基甲基胺基甲酸酯殺蟲劑
,如除害威(allyxycarb)、滅害威(aminocarb)、必克蝨(bufencarb)、畜蟲威(butacarb)、氯滅殺威(carbanolate)、除線威(cloethocarb)、大跨希(dicresyl)、二氧威(dioxacarb)、EMPC、苯蟲威(ethiofencarb)、芬賽威(fenethacarb)、丁基滅必蝨(fenobucarb)、滅必蝨(isoprocarb)、滅賜克(methiocarb)、必芬治(metolcarb)、茲克威(mexacarbate)、蜱虱威(promacyl)、普滅克(promecarb)、殘殺威(propoxur)、混滅威(trimethacarb)、XMC與滅殺威(xylylcarb);二硝基酚殺蟲劑
,如消酚(dinex)、敵丙(dinoprop)、戊硝酚(dinosam)與DNOC;氟素殺蟲劑
,如六氟矽酸鋇、冰晶石、氟化鈉、六氟矽酸鈉與氟蟲胺(sulfluramid);甲脒殺蟲劑
,如三亞蟎(amitraz)、氯苯脒(chlordimeform)、覆滅蟎(formetanate)與伐蟲脒(formparanate);燻劑殺蟲劑
,如丙烯腈、二硫化碳、四氯化碳、氯仿、氯化苦、對-二氯化苯、1,2-二氯丙烷、乙基甲酸酯、二溴乙烷、二氯乙烷、環氧乙烷、氫氰酸、碘化甲烷、溴化甲烷、甲基氯仿、二氯甲烷、萘、膦、氟化硫與四氯乙烷;無機殺蟲劑
,如硼砂、多硫化鈣、油酸銅、氯化汞、硫氰酸鉀與硫氰酸鈉;幾丁質合成抑制劑,如雙三氟蟲脲(bistrifluron)、布芬淨(buprofezin)、氯伏隆(chlorfluazuron)、丙氨嗪(cyromazine)、二福隆(diflubenzuron)、環烷脲(flucycloxuron)、氟芬隆(flufenoxuron)、六伏隆(hexaflumuron)、祿芬隆(lufenuron)、敵草氨(novaluron)、多氟蟲酰脲(noviflumuron)、氟幼脲(penfluron)、得伏隆(teflubenzuron)與殺蟲隆(triflumuron);青春激素模擬物
,如保幼醚(epofenonane)、芬諾克(fenoxycarb)、烯蟲乙酯(hydroprene)、烯蟲炔酯(kinoprene)、美賜平(methoprene)、百利普芬(pyriproxyfen)與烯蟲硫酯(triprene);青春激素如青春賀爾蒙I、青春賀爾蒙II與青春賀爾蒙III;螁皮賀爾蒙括抗劑,
如環蟲醯肼(chromafenozide)、氯蟲醯肼(halofenozide)、甲氧蟲醯肼(甲氧基fenozide)與得芬諾(tebufenozide);蛻皮賀爾蒙如
α-蛻殼素與蛻皮甾酮;蛻皮抑制劑,如載芬隆(diofenolan);早熟素(precocenes)
如早熟素I、早熟素II與早熟素III;未分類昆蟲生長抑制劑,如第昔尼(dicyclanil);沙蠶毒素(nereistoxin)類似物殺蟲劑
如免速達(bensultap)、培丹(cartap)、硫賜安(thiocyclam)與殺蟲單(thiosultap);菸鹼類殺蟲劑
如氟啶蟲醯胺(flonicamid);硝基胍殺蟲劑
如可尼丁(clothianidin)、達特南(dinotefuran)、益達安(Imidacloprid)與賽速安(thiamethoxam);硝基亞甲基殺蟲劑
如烯啶蟲胺(nitenpyram)與尼噻嗪(nithiazine);吡啶甲基胺殺蟲劑
如亞滅培(acetamiprid)、益達安(Imidacloprid)、烯啶蟲胺(nitenpyram)與噻蟲啉(thiacloprid);有機氯殺蟲劑
如溴化-DDT、毒殺芬(camphechlor)、DDT、pp’-DDT、乙基-DDD、HCH、gamma-HCH、林丹(lindane)、氯化甲醇、五氯酚與TDE;環二烯殺蟲劑
如阿特靈(aldrin)、保滿單(bromocyclen)、冰片丹(chlorbicyclen)、可氯丹(chlordane)、氯癸酮(chlordecone)、地特靈(dieldrin)、載露(dilor)、安殺番(endosulfan)、安特靈(endrin)、HEOD、飛佈達(heptachlor)、HHDN、碳氯靈(isobenzan)、異艾劑(isodrin)、克來範(kelevan)與米瑞克斯(mirex);有機磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如溴硫磷(bromfenvinfos)、克芬松(chlorfenvinphos)、巴毒磷(crotoxyphos)、二氯松(dichlorvos)、雙特氯松(dicrotophos)、二甲基毒蟲畏(dimethylvinphos)、福司吡酯(fospirate)、飛達松(heptenophos)、甲氧松(methocrotophos)、美文松(mevinphos)、亞素靈(monocrotophos)、乃力松(naled)、萘肽磷(naftalofos)、福文松(phosphamidon)、丙蟲磷(propaphos)、TEPP與滅大松(tetrachlorvinphos);有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如蔬果磷(dioxabenzofos)、丁苯硫磷(fosmethilan)與賽達松(phenthoate);脂肪族有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如家蠅磷(acethion)、胺吸磷(amiton)、硫線磷(cadusafos)、氯氧磷(chlorethoxyfos)、氯甲硫磷(chlormephos)、田樂磷(demephion)、田樂磷-O(demephion-O)、田樂磷-S(demephion-S)、滅賜松(demeton)、滅賜松-O、滅賜松-S、滅賜松-甲基、滅賜松-O-甲基、滅賜松-S-甲基、滅賜松-S-甲基碸、二硫松(disulfoton)、愛殺松(ethion)、普伏松(ethoprophos)、IPSP、異拌磷(isothioate)、馬拉松(malathion)、滅克松(methacrifos)、乙醯甲胺磷、異亞碸磷(oxydeprofos)、碸拌磷(oxydisulfoton)、福瑞松(phorate)、治螟靈(sulfotep)、托福松(terbufos)與硫滅松(thiometon);脂肪族醯胺有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如賽硫磷(amidithion)、果蟲磷(cyanthoate)、大滅松(dimethoate)、益果(ethoate-methyl)、福木松(formothion)、滅加松(mecarbam)、歐滅松(omethoate)、飛克松(prothoate)、蘇硫磷(sophamide)與繁米松(vamidothion);肟基有機硫產磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如氯辛硫磷(chlorphoxim)、辛硫磷(phoxim)與辛硫磷-甲基;雜環基有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如甲基吡啶磷(azamethiphos)、牛壁逃(coumaphos)、畜蟲磷(coumithoate)、敵殺磷(dioxathion)、因毒磷(endothion)、滅蚜松(menazon)、茂硫磷(morphothion)、裕必松(phosalone)、白克松(pyraclofos)、必芬松(pyridaphenthion)與喹硫磷(quinothion);苯並硫基吡喃有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如大賽伏(dithicrofos)與賽伏(thicrofos);苯並三唑有機硫產磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如古速松(azinphos)-乙基與古速松(azinphos)-甲基;異吲哚有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
,如得拉松(dialifos)與益滅松(phosmet);異噁唑有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
,如加福松(isoxathion)與左拉伏(zolaprofos);吡唑嘧啶有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如氯白粉松(chlorprazophos)與白粉松(pyrazophos);吡啶有機硫產磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如陶斯松(chlorpyrifos)與陶斯松-甲基;嘧啶有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如丁硫松(butathiofos)、二嗪磷、益多松(etrimfos)、力輪松(lirimfos)、亞特松(pirimiphos)-乙基、亞特松-甲基、嘧啶松(primidophos)、嘧硫磷(pyrimitate)與替嘧啶松(tebupirimfos);喹喔啉有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
,如拜裕松(quinalphos)與拜裕松-甲基;噻二唑有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如愛打松(athidathion)、噻唑磷(lythidathion)、滅大松(methidathion)與乙噻唑磷(prothidathion);三唑有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
,如依殺松(isazofos)與三落松(triazophos);苯基有機硫基磷酸鹽殺蟲劑
如偶氮磷(azothoate)、溴硫磷(bromophos)、溴硫磷-乙基、加芬松(carbophenothion)、必芬松(chlorthiophos)、氰戊菊酯(cyanophos)、賽滅磷(cythioate)、異氯磷(dicapthon)、除線磷(dichlofenthion)、etaphos、伐滅磷(famphur)、樂乃松(fenchlorphos)、撲滅松(fenitrothion)、繁福松(fensulfothion)、芬殺松(fenthion)、芬殺松-乙基、速殺硫磷(heterophos)、碘硫磷(jodfenphos)、美硫松(mesulfenfos)、巴拉松(parathion)、巴拉松-甲基、芬硫磷(phenkapton)、對氯硫磷(phosnichlor)、佈飛松(profenofos)、普硫松(prothiofos)、硫丙磷(sulprofos)、亞培松(temephos)、樂乃松-3(trichlormetaphos-3)與三伏松(trifenofos);膦酸酯殺蟲劑
,如丁酯膦與三氯松(trichlorfon);硫代膦酸殺蟲劑
如四甲膦(mecarphon);苯基乙基硫代膦酸殺蟲劑
,如大福松(fonofos)與三氯酸鹽;苯基苯硫代膦酸殺蟲劑
如施力松(cyanofenphos)、EPN與福賜松(leptophos);磷酸醯胺酯殺蟲劑
,如育畜磷(crufomate)、芬滅松(fenamiphos)、丁硫環磷(fosthietan)、美福松(mephosfolan)、硫環磷(phosfolan)與必美松(pirimetaphos);硫代磷酸醯胺酯殺蟲劑
,如歐沙松(acephate)、水胺硫磷(isocarbophos)、亞芬松(isofenphos)、達馬松(methamidophos)與胺丙畏(propetamphos);磷酸二醯胺酯殺蟲劑
,如甲氟磷(dimefox)、疊氮磷(mazidox)、丙胺氟磷(mipafox)與八甲磷(schradan);噁二嗪殺蟲劑
如因得克(indoxacarb);鄰苯二甲醯亞胺(phthalimide)殺蟲劑
如得拉松(dialifos)、益滅松(phosmet)與治滅寧(tetramethrin);吡唑殺蟲劑
如醋酸清(acetoprole)、乙蟲清(ethiprole)、芬普尼(fipronil)、必伏清(pyrafluprole)、必清(pyriprole)、吡蟎安(tebufenpyrad)、唑蟲醯胺(tolfenpyrad)與凡力清(vaniliprole);除蟲菊酯殺蟲劑
,如阿納寧(acrinathrin)、亞列寧(allethrin)、烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin)、燻蟲菊酯(barthrin)、畢芬寧(bifenthrin)、生乙寧(bioethanomethrin)、環戊烯菊酯(cyclethrin)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、β-氟氯氰菊酯、賽洛寧(cyhalothrin)、γ-賽洛寧、λ-賽洛寧、賽滅寧(cypermethrin)、α-賽滅寧、β-賽滅寧、θ-賽滅寧、ζ-賽滅寧、賽酚寧(cyphenothrin)、地滅寧(deltamethrin)、四氟甲醚菊酯(dimefluthrin)、苄菊酯(dimethrin)、炔戊菊酯(empenthrin)、五氟苯菊酯(fenfluthrin)、氯氰菊酯(fenpirithrin)、芬普寧(fenpropathrin)、芬化立(fenvalerate)、氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)、氟胺氰菊酯(fluvalinate)、τ-氟胺氰菊酯、抗蟲菊(furethrin)、依普寧(imiprothrin)、甲氧苄氟菊酯(metofluthrin)、百滅寧(permethrin)、氯菊酯(biopermethrin)、轉菊酯(transpermethrin)、酚丁滅蝨(phenothrin)、普亞列寧(prallethrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、吡菊酯(pyresmethrin)、呋菊酯(resmethrin)、卡呋菊酯(bioresmethrin)、擬除蟲菊酯(cismethrin)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、甲烯菊酯(terallethrin)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)、泰滅寧(tralomethrin)與四氟菊酯(transfluthrin);除蟲菊醚殺蟲劑
如依芬寧(etofenprox)、三氟醚菊酯(flufenprox)、合芬寧(halfenprox)、丙苯烴菊酯(protrifenbute)與溴氰菊酯(silafluofen);胺基嘧啶殺蟲劑
如伏芬寧(flufenerim)與畢汰芬(pyrimidifen);吡咯殺蟲劑
如克凡派(chlorfenapyr);季酮酸殺蟲劑
如螺蟎酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲蟎酯(spiromesifen)與螺四邁(spirotetramat);硫脲殺蟲劑
如汰芬隆(diafenthiuron);尿素殺蟲劑
如伏克隆(flucofuron)與殺克隆(sulcofuron);以及未分類殺蟲劑
如AKD-3088、氯氰碘柳胺(closantel)、克黴唑(crotamiton)、賽伏分(cyflumetofen)、E2Y45、EXD、抗蟎唑(fenazaflor)、芬殺蟎(fenazaquin)、芬噁寧(fenoxacrim)、芬普蟎(fenpyroximate)、FKI-1033、伏醯胺(flubendiamide)、HGW86、愛美松(hydramethylnon)、IKI-2002、稻瘟靈(isoprothiolane)、特蟎腈(malonoben)、美伏酮(metaflumizone)、惡蟲酮(metoxadiazone)、氟蟻靈(nifluridide)、NNI-9850、NNI-0101、吡蚜酮(pymetrozine)、達蟎酮(pyridaben)、啶蟲丙醚(pyridalyl)、Qcide、碘醚柳胺(rafoxanide)、雷納破(rynaxypyr)、SYJ-159、苯蟎噻(triarathene)與唑蚜威(triazamate),以及其組合物。
某些殺黴菌劑亦可有益地與本發明化合物結合,包括:2-(硫氰酸甲基硫)-苯並噻唑、2-苯基酚、8-羥基喹啉硫酸鹽、白粉寄生孢素(Ampelomyces)、使君子素(quisqualis)、戊環唑(azaconazole)、亞托敏(azoxystrobin)、枯草桿菌素(Bacillus subtilis)、本達樂(benalaxyl)、免賴得(benomyl)、苯菌胺(benthiavalicarb)-異丙基、芐基胺基苯-硫酸鹽(BABS)、碳酸氫鹽、聯苯、葉枯唑(bismerthiazol)、比多農(bitertanol)、殺稻瘟(blasticidin)-S、硼砂(borax)、波爾多(Bordeaux)混合物、啶醯菌胺(boscalid)、溴克唑(bromuconazole)、布瑞莫(bupirimate)、多硫鈣、敵菌丹(captafol)、蓋普丹(captan)、貝分替(carbendazim)、衛福(carboxin)、環丙醯菌胺(carpropamid)、香芹酮(carvone)、地茂散(chloroneb)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、乙菌利(chlozolinate)、盾殼黴(Coniothyrium minitans)、氫氧化銅、辛酸銅、氧氯化同銅、硫酸銅、硫酸銅(三鹼基)、氧化亞銅、賽座滅(cyazofamid)、環氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、克絕(cymoxanil)、環唑醇(cyproconazole)、賽普洛(cyprodinil)、邁隆(dazomet)、咪菌威(debacarb)、二銨乙烯基雙-(二硫胺基甲酸酯)、益發靈(dichlofluanid)、雙氯酚、雙氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、達滅淨(diclomezine)、二氯喃(dichloran)、萬毒靈(diethofencarb)、待克利(difenoconazole)、待克奎(difenzoquation)、二氟林(diflumetorim)、達滅芬(dimethomorph)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、達克利(diniconazole)、達克利-M、消蟎通(dinobuton)、白粉克(dinocap)、二苯胺、腈硫醌(dithianon)、嗎菌靈(dodemorph)、嗎菌靈醋酸鹽、多果定(dodine)、多果定自由鹼、護拉松(edifenphos)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、乙氧基喹啉、依得利(etridiazole)、凡沙克絕(famoxadone)、咪唑酮菌素(fenamidone)、芬瑞莫(fenarimol)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、甲呋醯苯胺(fenfuram)、環醯菌胺(fenhexamid)、禾草靈(fenoxanil)、拌種咯(fenpiclonil)、苯溴啶(fenpropidin)、芬普福(fenpropimorph)、三苯錫(fentin)、三苯錫醋酸鹽、三苯錫氫氧化物、福美鐵(ferbam)、福米綜(ferimzone)、福吉胺(fluazinam)、護汰寧(fludioxonil)、氟嗎啉(flumorph)、氟菌胺(fluopicolide)、唑呋草(fluoroimide)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、氟矽唑(flusilazole)、氟硫滅(flusulfamide)、福多寧(flutolanil)、護汰芬(flutriafol)、福爾培(folpet)、甲醛、福賽得(fosetyl)、福賽得-鋁、麥穗寧(fuberidazole)、呋霜靈(furalaxyl)、福拉比(furametpyr)、雙辛胍胺(guazatine)、雙辛胍胺醋酸鹽、GY-81、六氯化苯、菲克立(hexaconazole)、殺蚊寧(hymexazol)、依滅列(imazalil)、依滅列硫酸鹽、易胺座(imibenconazole)、克熱淨(iminoctadine)、克熱淨三醋酸鹽、克熱淨三(烷苯磺酸鹽)、種菌唑(ipconazole)、丙基喜樂松(iprobenfos)、依普同(iprodione)、丙森辛(iprovalicarb)、稻瘟靈(isoprothiolane)、嘉賜黴素(kasugamycin)、嘉賜黴素氯化氫水合物、克收欣(kresoxim)-甲基、代森錳銅(mancopper)、代森錳鋅(mancozeb)、錳乃浦(maneb)、滅派林(mepanipyrim)、滅普寧(mepronil)、氯化汞、氧化汞、氯化亞汞、甲霜靈(metalaxyl)、精甲霜靈(mefenoxam)、甲霜靈-M、斯美地(metam)、斯美地-銨、斯美地-鉀、斯美地-鈉、滅特座(metconazole)、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、碘化甲烷、異硫氰酸甲烷、免得爛(metiram)、苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin)、表苯菌酮(metrafenone)、米多黴素(mildiomycin)、邁克尼(myclobutanil)、代森鈉(nabam)、酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl)、尼瑞莫(nuarimol)、辛噻酮(octhilinone)、呋醯胺(ofurace)、油酸(脂肪酸)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、歐殺斯(oxadixyl)、快得寧(oxine-copper)、曝咪唑富馬酸鹽(oxpoconazole fumarate)、嘉保信(oxycarboxin)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、平克座(penconazole)、賓得克利(pencycuron)、五氯酚、五氯苯基月桂酸酯、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、苯基醋酸汞、膦酸、熱必斯(phthalide)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、保利黴素(polyoxin)B、保利黴素(polyoxins)、多氧黴素(polyoxorim)、碳酸氫鉀、羥基喹啉硫酸鉀、撲殺熱(probenazole)、撲克拉(prochloraz)、撲滅寧(procymidone)、普拔克(propamocarb)、普拔克氯化氫、普克利(propiconazole)、甲基鋅乃浦(propineb)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、百克敏(pyraclostrobin)、白粉松(pyrazophos)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、比芬諾(pyrifenox)、嘧黴胺(pyrimethanil)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、滅藻醌(quinoclamine)、快諾芬(quinoxyfen)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、大虎杖(Reynoutria sachalinensis)萃取物、矽噻菌胺(silthiofam)、矽氟唑(simeconazole)、2-苯基苯氧鈉、碳酸氫鈉、五氯苯氧化鈉、螺環菌胺(spiroxamine)、硫、SYP-Z071、焦油(taroils)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、四克利(tetraconazole)、腐絕(thiabendazole)、賽氟滅(thifluzamide)、硫菌靈(thiophanate)-甲基、福美雙(thiram)、噻醯菌胺(tiadinil)、脫克松(tolclofos)-甲基、甲基益發靈(tolylfluanid)、三泰芬(triadimefon)、三泰隆(triadimenol)、三唑氧(triazoxide)、三賽唑(tricyclazole)、三得芬(tridemorph)、三氟敏(trifloxystrobin)、賽福座(triflumizole)、賽福寧(triforine)、環菌唑(triticonazole)、井岡黴素(validamycin)、免克寧(vinclozolin)、代森鋅(zineb)、福美鋅(ziram)、苯醯菌胺(zoxamide)、假絲酵母菌(Candida oleophila)、尖孢鐮刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、沾帚黴(Gliocladium spp.)、大伏革菌(Phlebiopsis gigantean)、淺灰綠鏈黴菌(Streptomyces griseoviridis)、木黴菌(Trichoderma spp.)、(RS)-N-(3,5-二氯苯基)-2-(甲氧基甲基)-琥珀醯胺、1,2-二氯丙烷、1,3-二氯-1,1,3,3-四氟丙酮水合物、1-氯-2,4-二硝基萘、1-氯-2-硝基丙烷、2-(2-十七烷-2-咪唑啉-1-基)乙醇、2,3-二氫-5-苯基-1,4-二噻-1,1,4,4-四氧化物、2-甲氧基乙基醋酸汞、2-甲氧基乙基氯化汞、2-甲氧基乙基矽酸汞、3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基羅丹寧、4-(2-硝基丙-1-烯機)苯基硫氰醯酸酯:安破松(ampropylfos)、敵菌靈(anilazine)、力西寧(azithiram)、多硫化鋇、Bayer 32394、麥鏽靈(benodanil)、醌肟腙(benquinox)、苯他隆(bentaluron)、苯瑪松(benzamacril);苯瑪松(benzamacril)-異丁基、本碼福(benzamorf)、樂殺蟎(binapacryl)、雙(甲基汞)硫酸鹽、雙(三丁基錫)氧化物、得滅多(buthiobate)、鎘鈣銅鋅鉻酸硫酸鹽、嗎菌威(carbamorph)、CECA、氯苯噻酮(chlobenthiazone)、氯安弗美(chloraniformethan)、氯芬唑(chlorfenazole)、四氯喹噁啉(chlorquinox)、甘寶素(climbazole)、銅雙(3-苯基水楊酸鹽)、銅鋅鉻酸鹽、銅合浦(cufraneb)、銅肼硫酸鹽、銅浦安(cuprobam)、環氟醯胺(cyclafuramid)、氰菌靈(cypendazole)、酯菌胺(cyprofuram)、癸磷錫(decafentin)、二氯萘醌(dichlone)、菌核利(dichlozoline)、苄氯二唑醇(diclobutrazol)、甲菌定(dimethirimol)、敵菌死(dinocton)、敵磺(dinosulfon)、硝丁酯(dinoterbon)、雙吡硫翁(dipyrithione)、普得松(ditalimfos)、多地辛(dodicin)、聯胺噁唑酮(drazoxolon)、EBP、ESBP、乙環唑(etaconazole)、代森硫(etem)、乙寧(ethirim)、敵克松(fenaminosulf)、咪菌唑(fenapanil)、種依酯(fenitropan)、粉唑醇(fluotrimazole)、二假呋醯胺(furcarbanil)、呋咪唑(furconazole)、順呋咪唑、茂谷樂(furmecyclox)、呋菌隆(furophanate)、葡糖啶(glyodine)、灰黃黴素(griseofulvin)、丙烯酸喹啉酯(halacrinate)、Hercules 3944、己硫松(hexylthiofos)、ICIA0858、異潘松(isopamphos)、異凡二酮(isovaledione)、鄰醯胺(mebenil)、米卡賓(mecarbinzid)、焦所隆(metazoxolon)、呋菌胺(methfuroxam)、甲基二氰二醯胺汞、噻菌胺(metsulfovax)、代森環(milneb)、糠氯酸酐(mucochloric anhydride)、甲菌利(myclozolin)、N-3,5-二氯苯基-琥珀醯胺、N-3-硝基苯基衣康醯胺、遊鏈黴素(natamycin)、N-乙基汞-4-甲苯磺醯基苯胺、雙(二甲基二硫胺基甲酸酯)鎳、OCH、苯基二甲基二硫基胺基甲酸酯汞、苯基硝酸汞、嘉賜米松(phosdiphen)、硫菌威(prothiocarb);硫菌威氯化氫、賜家洛(pyracarbolid)、吡啶腈、氯甲氧吡啶(pyroxychlor)、甲氧吡啶(pyroxyfur)、喹啉醋酸醇(quinacetol);喹啉醋酸醇硫酸酯、醌菌腙(quinazamid)、喹糠唑(quinconazole)、雷苯唑(rabenzazole)、水楊酸苯胺、SSF-109、戊苯碸(sultropen)、特克寧(tecoram)、噻噠氟(thiadifluor)、噻菌腈(thicyofen)、硫氟芬(thiochlorfenphim)、多保淨(thiophanate)、克殺蟎(thioquinox)、替係米(tioxymid)、威菌靈(triamiphos)、嘧菌醇(triarimol)、三丁替(triazbutil)、水楊菌胺(trichlamide)、爾伯昔(urbacid)、XRD-563,與氰菌胺(zarilamid),以及其任一組合物。
某些可用於與本發明化合物結合之除草劑包括:醯胺類除草劑如烯草胺(allidochlor)、氟丁草胺(beflubutamid)、胺酸殺(benzadox)、苯安(benzipram)、溴丁醯草胺(bromobutide)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、CDEA、氯硫胺(chlorthiamid)、賽培唑(cyprazole)、汰草滅(dimethenamid)、汰草滅-P、大芬滅(diphenamid)、依普納(epronaz)、依普米(etnipromid)、四唑草胺(fentrazamide)、胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、鹵殺芬(halosafen)、異卡米(isocarbamid)、異噁醯草胺(isoxaben)、萘氧丙草胺(napropamide)、鈉得爛(naptalam)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、戊炔草胺(propyzamide)、喹啉醯胺(quinonamid)與牧草胺(tebutam);苯胺除草劑
如丁醯草胺(chloranocryl)、順苯胺、克普草(clomeprop)、環草胺(cypromid)、吡氟醯草胺(diflufenican)、乙氧本草胺(etobenzanid)、芬蘇藍(fenasulam)、噻唑草醯胺(flufenacet)、弗芬肯(flufenican)、滅芬草(mefenacet)、氟磺草胺(mefluidide)、噁唑醯草胺(metamifop)、庚草胺(monalide)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、甲氯草胺(pentanochlor)、氟吡醯草胺(picolinafen)與敵稗(propanil);芳基丙胺酸除草劑
如新燕靈(benzoylprop)、麥草伏(flamprop)與麥草伏-M;氯乙醯苯胺除草劑
如醋醯氯(acetochlor)、拉草(alachlor)、丁基拉草(butachlor)、丁烯草胺(butenachlor)、異丁草胺(delachlor)、乙甲草胺(diethatyl)、二甲草胺(dimethachlor)、滅草胺(metazachlor)、異丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、S-異丙甲草胺、普拉草(pretilachlor)、雷蒙得(propachlor)、異丙草胺(propisochlor)、丙炔草胺(prynachlor)、特丁草胺(terbuchlor)、噻吩草胺(thenylchlor)與二甲本草胺(xylachlor);磺基苯胺除草劑
如苯並福(benzofluor)、磺草福(perfluidone)、吡嘧蘇芬(pyrimisulfan)與氟唑草胺(profluazol);磺醯胺除草劑
如磺草靈(asulam)、卡蘇藍(carbasulam)、福蘇藍(fenasulam)與甘草磷(oryzalin);抗生素除草劑
如雙丙胺磷(bilanafos);苯甲酸除草劑
如草滅平(chloramben)、麥草畏(dicamba)、2,3,6-TBA與殺草畏(tricamba);嘧啶氧基苯甲酸除草劑
如雙草醚(bispyribac)與嘧草醚(pyriminobac);嘧啶基硫基苯甲酸除草劑
如嘧草硫醚(pyrithiobac);酞酸除草劑
如氯酞酸甲酯(chlorthal);吡啶草酸除草劑
如氯胺基吡啶酸(aminopyralid)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)與毒莠定(picloram);喹啉羧酸除草劑
如快克草(quinclorac)與氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac);碑類除草劑
如二甲基碑酸、CMA、DSMA、六氟酸鹽、MAA、MAMA、MSMA、亞碑酸鉀與亞碑酸鈉;苯醯基環己烷二酮除草劑
如表硝草酮(mesotrione)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、特福三酮(tefuryltrione)與探普三酮(tembotrione);苯並呋喃烷基磺酸鹽除草劑
如呋草黃(benfuresate)與乙呋草黃(ethofumesate);胺基甲酸酯除草劑
如磺草靈(asulam)、羧酸唑(carboxazole)、氯普卡(chlorprocarb)、二氯美(dichlormate)、芬納蘇藍(fenasulam)、卡靈草(karbutilate)與特草靈(terbucarb);苯胺甲酸carbanilate
)除草劑
如燕麥靈(barban)、BCPC、卡蘇藍(carbasulam)、苄革胺(carbetamide)、CEPC、氯炔草靈(chlorbufam)、氯苯胺零(chlorpropham)、CPPC、甜菜安(desmedipham)、棉安寧(phenisopham)、本敵草(phenmedipham)、本敵草-乙基、苯胺靈(propham)與滅草靈(swep);環己烯肟除草劑
如禾草滅(alloxydim)、丁本草酮(butroxydim)、克草酮(clethodim)、克氧啶(cloproxydim)、環殺草(cycloxydim)、環苯草酮(profoxydim)、西殺草(sethoxydim)、得殺草(tepraloxydim)與肟草酮(tralkoxydim);環丙基異噁唑除草劑
如異嗯氯草酮(isoxachlortole)與百農思(isoxaflutole);二羧亞醯胺除草劑
如雙苯嘧啶酮(benzfendizone)、吲哚草酮酯(cinidon)-乙基、福滿辛(flumezin)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac)、丙炔呋草胺(flumioxazin)與炔草胺(flumipropyn);二硝基苯胺除草劑
如倍分尼(benfluralin)、比達寧(butralin)、敵樂胺(dinitramine)、乙丁烯氟寧(ethalfluralin)、貝殺靈(fluchloralin)、異樂靈(isopropalin)、美普林(methalpropalin)、滅殺草(nitralin)、歐拉靈(oryzalin)、施得圃(pendimethalin)、氨氟樂靈(prodiamine)、環丙氟靈(profluralin)與三福林(trifluralin);二硝基酚除草劑
如地諾芬(dinofenate)、地諾普(dinoprop)、敵蟎普(dinosam)、達諾殺(dinoseb)、特樂酚(dinoterb)、DNOC、硝草酚(etinofen)與地樂施(medinoterb);二苯基醚除草劑
如氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen);硝基苯基醚除草劑
如三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、本草醚(aclonifen)、必芬諾(bifenox)、氯甲氧基酚、全滅草(chlornitrofen)、依尼普(etnipromid)、三氟硝草醚(fluorodifen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、氟除草醚(fluoronitrofen)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、呋氧草醚(furyloxyfen)、鹵殺芬(halosafen)、乳氟禾草靈(lactofen)、護谷(nitrofen)、硝福芬(nitrofluorfen)與復祿芬(oxyfluorfen);二硫基胺基甲酸酯除草劑
如邁龍(dazomet)與斯美地(metam);鹵化脂肪族除草劑
如阿落略(alorac)、三氯丙酸(chloropon)、陶本(dalapon)、四氟丙酸(flupropanate)、六氯丙酮、碘甲烷(iodomethane)、溴化甲烷、單氯醋酸、SMA與TCA;咪唑酮除草劑
如咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、甲氧咪草煙(imazamox)、甲基咪草煙(imazapic)、咪唑菸酸(imazapyr)、滅草喹(imazaquin)與普施特(imazethapyr);無機除草劑
如胺基磺酸銨、硼砂、氯酸鈣、硫酸銅、硫酸鐵、疊氮鉀、氰酸鉀、疊氮鈉、氯酸鈉與硫酸;腈類除草劑
如溴普尼(bromobonil)、伴地農(bromoxynil)、羥敵草腈(chloroxynil)、敵草腈(dichlobenil)、碘普尼(iodobonil)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)與雙唑草腈(pyraclonil);有機磷除草劑
如胺草磷(amiprofos)-甲基、莎稗磷(anilofos)、地散磷(bensulide)、雙丙安磷(bilanafos)、抑草磷(butamifos)、2,4-DEP、DMPA、EBEP、殺木磷(fosamine)、固殺草(glufosinate)、嘉磷賽(glyphosate)與哌草磷(piperophos);苯氧基除草劑
如溴酚肟(bromofenoxim)、克普草(clomeprop)、2,4-DEB、2,4-DEP、地芬噴(difenopenten)、地索(disul)、抑草蓬(erbon)、依尼普(etnipromid)、芬特庫(fenteracol)與三氟禾草肟(trifopsime);苯氧基醋酸除草劑
如4-CPA、2,4-D、3,4-DA、MCPA、MCPA-硫基乙基與2,4,5-T;苯氧基丁酸基除草劑
如4-CPB、2,4-DB、3,4-DB、MCPB與2,4,5-TB;苯氧基丙酸基除草劑
如調果酸(cloprop)、4-CPP、滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、滴丙酸-P、3,4-DP、涕丙酸(fenoprop)、甲氯丙酸(mecoprop)與甲氯丙酸-P;芳氧基苯氧基丙酸除草劑
如氯瑞福(chlorazifop)、羅地納福(clodinafop)、克羅福(clofop)、賽伏草(cyhalofop)、禾草靈(diclofop)、精噁唑禾草靈(fenoxaprop)、精噁唑禾草靈-P、噻唑禾草靈(fenthiaprop)、精吡氟禾草靈(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草靈-P、合氯氟(haloxyfop)、合氯氟-P、異噁草醚(isoxapyrifop)、噁唑醯草胺(metamifop)、普拔草(propaquizafop)、喹禾靈(quizalofop)、喹禾靈-P與三福(trifop);苯烯基二胺除草劑
如敵草胺(dinitramine)與氨氟樂靈(prodiamine);吡唑基除草劑
如吡草酮(benzofenap)、芐草唑(pyrazolynate)、吡索福托(pyrasulfotole)、芐草唑芬(pyrazoxyfen)、吡噁磺(pyroxasulfone)與拓樸米酮(topramezone);吡唑基苯基除草劑
如異丙醯草酯(fluazolate)與吡草醚(pyraflufen);噠嗪除草劑
如喹噠嗪(credazine)、吡噠福(pyridafol)與吡啶酸鹽(pyridate);噠嗪酮除草劑
如霸草靈(brompyrazon)、氯草敏(chloridazon)、二咪噠酮(dimidazon)、氟噠嗪草酯(flufenpyr)、美福瑞嗪(metflurazon)、達草滅(norflurazon)、噁吡嗪(oxapyrazon)與吡單農(pydanon);吡啶除草劑
如氯胺基吡啶酸(aminopyralid)、克利啶(cliodinate)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、汰硫草(dithiopyr)、氟氯比(fluroxypyr)、鹵啶草(haloxydine)、毒莠定(picloram)、普草克(picolinafen)、氯草啶(pyriclor)、噻草啶(thiazopyr)與三氯比(triclopyr);嘧啶二胺除草劑
如依瑞米丹(iprymidam)與替可寧(tioclorim);四級銨除草劑
如賽伯刈(cyperquat)、二依馬(diethamquat)、燕麥枯(difenzoquat)、載開特(diquat)、伐草快(morfamquat)與巴拉刈(paraquat);硫基胺基甲酸酯除草劑
如滴丁酯(butylate)、環草特(cycloate)、燕麥威(di-allate)、EPTC、禾草畏(esprocarb)、硫草敵(ethiolate)、異普敵(isopolinate)、甲硫苯畏(methiobencarb)、草達滅(molinate)、平草丹(orbencarb)、克草猛(pebulate)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、菜草畏(sulfallate)、殺丹(thiobencarb)、仲草丹(tiocarbazil)、三烯滅(tri-allate)與滅草猛(vernolate);硫基碳酸除草劑
如草滅散(dimexano)、EXD與補滅生(proxan);硫脲除草劑
如滅草恆(methiuron);三嗪除草劑
如殺草淨(dipropetryn)、三嗪氟草胺(triaziflam)與三羥基三嗪;氯三嗪除草劑
如草脫淨(atrazine)、可樂津(chlorazine)、氰乃淨(cyanazine)、環丙津(cyprazine)、甘草津(eglinazine)、草怕津(ipazine)、半吡嗪(mesoprazine)、丙西嗪(procyazine)、甘撲津(proglinazine)、撲滅津(propazine)、西普嗪(sebuthylazine)、西嗎津(simazine)、草淨津(terbuthylazine)與草達津(trietazine);甲氧基三嗪除草劑
如莠去通(atraton)、醚草通(methometon)、撲滅通(prometon)、密草通(secbumeton)、西瑪通(simeton)與特丁通(terbumeton);甲基硫基三嗪除草劑
如草殺淨(ametryn)、滅蘇民(aziprotryne)、氰草淨(cyanatryn)、敵草淨(desmetryn)、異戊乙淨(dimethametryn)、格草淨(methoprotryne)、撲草淨(prometryn)、西草淨(simetryn)與特丁淨(terbutryn);三嗪酮除草劑
如雅米三酮(ametridione)、雅米嗪(amibuzin)、環嗪酮(hexazinone)、丁嗪草酮(isomethiozin)、本草酮(metamitron)與必嗪草酮(metribuzin);三唑除草劑
如胺基三唑(amitrole)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、依普納(epronaz)與氟胺草唑(flupoxam);三唑酮除草劑
如胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、苯卡酮(bencarbazone)、克繁草(carfentrazone)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone)、磺酰唑草酮(sulfentrazone)與噻嗯卡酮(thiencarbazone)-甲基;三唑酮嘧啶除草劑
如氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam)、雙氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、雙氟磺草胺(florasulam)、唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)、甲氧磺草胺(metosulam)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)與吡咯蘇藍(pyroxsulam);脲嘧啶除草劑
如氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、除草定(bromacil)、福丙西(flupropacil)、異草定(isocil)、環草定(lenacil)與特草定(terbacil);3-苯基脲嘧啶;尿素除草劑
如苯噻隆(benzthiazuron)、芐草隆(cumyluron)、環莠隆(cycluron)、氯雙脲(dichloralurea)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、異草烷隆(isonoruron)、異惡隆(isouron)、甲基苯噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、莫蘇隆(monisouron)與草完隆(noruron);苯基尿素除草劑
如安蘇隆(anisuron)、炔草隆(buturon)、氯溴隆(chlorbromuron)、氯特龍(chloreturon)、氯麥隆(chlorotoluron)、枯草隆(chloroxuron)、殺草隆(daimuron)、枯莠隆(difenoxuron)、噁唑隆(dimefuron)、達有隆(diuron)、非草隆(fenuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、殺克丹(fluothiuron)、異丙隆(isoproturon)、理有隆(linuron)、滅草恆(methiuron)、甲基殺草隆(methyldymron)、甲氧苯草隆(metobenzuron)、溴谷隆(metobromuron)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、單利谷隆(monolinuron)、滅草隆(monuron)、草不隆(neburon)、對福隆(parafluron)、稀草隆(phenobenzuron)、環草隆(siduron)、四福隆(tetrafluron)與噻二唑苯基脲(thidiazuron);嘧啶磺基尿素除草劑
如嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、芐嘧磺隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron)、環磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、亞速隆(ethoxysulfuron)、伏速隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶嘧磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、甲醯胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、氯嘧磺隆(halosulfuron)、依速隆(imazosulfuron)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、煙嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron)、環氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron)、嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron)、磺醯磺隆(sulfosulfuron)與三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron);三嗪磺基尿素除草劑
如硫醯尿素(chlorsulfuron)、西速隆(cinosulfuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron)、碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron)、氟磺隆(prosulfuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、苯磺隆(tribenuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)與三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron);噻二唑基尿素除草劑
如丁硫隆(buthiuron)、乙醛敵滅隆(ethidimuron)、丁噻隆(tebuthiuron)、伏噻隆(thiazafluron)與賽苯隆(thidiazuron);與未分類除草劑
如丙烯醛(acrolein)、烯丙醇、草分定(azafenidin)、草除靈(benazolin)、苯達靈(bentazone)、苯並雙環酮(benzobicyclon)、丁硫二唑(buthidazole)、氰醯胺鈣、卡苯二氯(cambendichlor)、伐草克(chlorfenac)、麥草散(chlorfenprop)、氯氟唑(chlorflurazole)、氯芴素(chlorflurenol)、環庚草醚(cinmethylin)、可滅蹤(clomazone)、CPMF、甲酚(cresol)、鄰-二氯苯、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、草燕滅(endothal)、唑啶草(fluoromidine)、氟啶草酮(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、氟噻草酯(fluthiacet)、茚草酮(indanofan)、滅草啶(methazole)、異硫氰酸甲酯、喜白(nipyraclofen)、OCH、快噁草酮(oxadiargyl)、樂滅草(oxadiazon)、噁嗪草酮(oxaziclomefone)、五氯酚、環戊噁草酮(pentoxazone)、苯基醋酸汞、匹諾丹(pinoxaden)、普蘇林(prosulfalin)、嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)、環酯草醚(pyriftalid)、滅藻醌(quinoclamine)、硫氰苯胺(rhodethanil)、蘇葡卡賓(sulglycapin)、噻二嗪(thidiazimin)、滅草環(tridiphane)、三甲靈(trimeturon)、三丙丹(tripropindan)與三汰(tritac)。
Claims (8)
- 一種如式(I)之化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中Q代表CN。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中R2 與R3 獨立地代表氫或C1 -C4 烷基,或R2 與R3 與一般連結於其上之碳結合形成一3-6員環。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中Het代表
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之化合物,其中Y代表氫,且Z代表C1 -C2 鹵素烷基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,具下式
- 一種控制昆蟲之組成物,包含如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,與植物學上可接受之載體組合。
- 一種控制昆蟲之方法,包含施加昆蟲-失活量之如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物至所欲控制位置。
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TW201309635A (zh) * | 2006-02-10 | 2013-03-01 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | 殺蟲性之n-取代(6-鹵烷基吡啶-3-基)烷基磺醯亞胺(二) |
TWI381811B (zh) | 2006-06-23 | 2013-01-11 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | 用以防治可抵抗一般殺蟲劑之昆蟲的方法 |
TWI383973B (zh) * | 2006-08-07 | 2013-02-01 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | 用於製備2-取代-5-(1-烷硫基)烷基吡啶之方法 |
TWI409256B (zh) * | 2006-09-01 | 2013-09-21 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | 殺蟲性之n-取代(雜芳基)環烷基磺醯亞胺 |
BRPI0719053B1 (pt) * | 2006-09-01 | 2016-09-27 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | inseticidas alquil sulfoximinas (1,3-tiazol 2-substituido) n-substituídas, bem como composição e método para controle de insetos |
TWI387585B (zh) | 2006-09-01 | 2013-03-01 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | 殺蟲性之n-取代(雜芳基)烷基烴基硫亞胺 |
TWI383970B (zh) * | 2006-11-08 | 2013-02-01 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | 多取代的吡啶基磺醯亞胺及其作為殺蟲劑之用途 |
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CA2660757A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
ES2628039T3 (es) | 2017-08-01 |
JP2010502605A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
BRPI0716262B1 (pt) | 2015-08-04 |
MX2009002304A (es) | 2009-03-13 |
US20100234398A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
US20080280915A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
EP2336110A1 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
KR20090043543A (ko) | 2009-05-06 |
HK1135982A1 (en) | 2010-06-18 |
CN102633712A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2338882B1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
WO2008030266A3 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
CN101535261A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
BRPI0716262B8 (pt) | 2022-06-28 |
US7754888B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
EP2338882A1 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
CN101535261B (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
EP2057121A2 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
US8188292B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
BRPI0716262A2 (pt) | 2012-12-25 |
CA2660757C (en) | 2014-06-03 |
JP5266226B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
EP2332913A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
KR101364320B1 (ko) | 2014-02-18 |
TW200812967A (en) | 2008-03-16 |
WO2008030266A2 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
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