TWI386208B - 治療性的經取代環戊酮 - Google Patents
治療性的經取代環戊酮 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI386208B TWI386208B TW095111248A TW95111248A TWI386208B TW I386208 B TWI386208 B TW I386208B TW 095111248 A TW095111248 A TW 095111248A TW 95111248 A TW95111248 A TW 95111248A TW I386208 B TWI386208 B TW I386208B
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- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004618 prednisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940094472 prenylamine lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003981 proparacaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N prostaglandin E1 Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(O)=O GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000001938 protoplast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003370 receptor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010003189 recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-binding protein-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000888 rimantadine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013125 spirometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001940 sulfasalazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NCEXYHBECQHGNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfasalazine Natural products C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)S(=O)(=O)NC=2N=CC=CC=2)=C1 NCEXYHBECQHGNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000454 timolol hemihydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005221 timolol maleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012049 topical pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002368 travoprost Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MKPLKVHSHYCHOC-AHTXBMBWSA-N travoprost Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1\C=C\[C@@H](O)COC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 MKPLKVHSHYCHOC-AHTXBMBWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005294 triamcinolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N triamcinolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@@]3(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@]([C@H](O)C4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117013 triethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950008081 unoprostone isopropyl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C405/00—Compounds containing a five-membered ring having two side-chains in ortho position to each other, and having oxygen atoms directly attached to the ring in ortho position to one of the side-chains, one side-chain containing, not directly attached to the ring, a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, and the other side-chain having oxygen atoms attached in gamma-position to the ring, e.g. prostaglandins ; Analogues or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/557—Eicosanoids, e.g. leukotrienes or prostaglandins
- A61K31/5575—Eicosanoids, e.g. leukotrienes or prostaglandins having a cyclopentane, e.g. prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2-alpha
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/06—Antiglaucoma agents or miotics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/76—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups
- C07C59/90—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups containing singly bound oxygen-containing groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
本發明所揭示化合物包括:
或其一醫藥上可接受之鹽、或代謝產物或前藥;其中虛線表示存在或不存在一鍵結;Y、A及B闡述於本文中。
本發明亦揭示與其相關之治療方法、製造方法、組合物及藥物。
降眼壓藥劑可用於治療多種眼內高壓病況,例如外科手術後及激光小樑切除術後的眼內高壓發作、青光眼,並可用作手術前的輔助藥物。
青光眼是一種眼部疾病,其特徵為眼內壓力高。根據其病源學可將青光眼分為原發性或繼發性。例如,成人原發性青光眼(先天性青光眼)可為開角型,或急性或慢性閉角型。繼發性青光眼係由先前存在的眼病(例如葡萄膜炎、眼內腫瘤或擴大的白內障)引起的。
綜合考慮各種類型,青光眼在40歲以上的人中之發生率約為2%且在發展成迅速失明之前可在若干年內表現為無症狀。當前可購得的某些類花生酸及其衍生物可用於控制青光眼。類花生酸及其衍生物包括多種生物學上重要的化合物,例如前列腺素及其衍生物。前列腺素可描述為具有如下結構式的前列腺酸衍生物:
已知前列腺素有多種類型,此端視前列腺酸骨架之結構及其脂環上所載有的取代基而定。前列腺素可基於由前列腺素類屬類型後的數值下標指明的側鏈中不飽和鍵結數目[例如,前列腺素E1
(PGE1
)、前列腺素E2
(PGE2
)]及由α或β指明的脂環上取代基之構型[例如,前列腺素F2 α
(PGF2 β
)]而進一步分類。
已知某些15,15-二甲基前列腺素。此等闡述於諸如下列文件中:美國專利申請公開案第2004/0157901號及相關文件;Pernet等人之美國專利第4,117,014號(1976年12月23日提出申請);Pernet,Andre G等人,10及11位經修飾之前列腺素類似物,Tetrahedron Letters,(41),1979,第3933頁至第3936頁;Plantema,Otto G等人,Synthesis of(.+-.)-10.10-dimethylprostaglandin El methyl ester and its 15-epimer((.+-.)-10.10-二甲基前列腺素El甲酯及其15-差向異構體之合成),Journal of the Chemical Society,Perkin Transactions 1:Organic and Bio-organic Chemistry(1972-1999),(3),1978,第304頁至第308頁;Plantema,O.G等人,Synthesis of 10,10-dimethylprostaglandin El(10,10-二甲基前列腺素El之合成),Tetrahedron Letters,(51),1975,4039;Hamon,A等人,Synthesis of(+-)-and 15-EPI(+-)-10,10-Dimethylprostaglandin El((+-)-及15-EPI(+-)-10,10-二甲基前列腺素El之合成),Tetrahedron Letters,Elsevier Science Publishers,Amsterdam,NL,第3期,1976年1月,第211頁至第214頁;及Patent Abstracts of Japan(日本專利摘要),第0082卷,第18期(C-503),1988年6月10日&日本專利第63 002972 A號(Nippon Iyakuhin Kogyo KK),1988年1月7日;此等文件之揭示內容以引用方式明確地併入本文中。
發炎性腸病(IBD)係一類特徵為大腸或小腸發炎並表現為諸如腹瀉、疼痛及重量減少等症狀的疾病。非類固醇類抗炎藥已顯示與形成IBD之風險相關,且近來Kabashima及同事已揭示「EP4可用於保持黏膜完整性,抑制先天免疫及下調CD4+T細胞之增殖及活化。此等發現不僅闡明了NSAID對IBD之作用機製,而且亦指明了EP4-選擇性激動劑在預防及治療IBD中的治療潛力。」(Kabashima等人,The Journal of Clinical Investigation,2002年4月,第9卷,883-893)。
本文所揭示的化合物包括:
或其一醫藥上可接受之鹽、或代謝產物或前藥;其中虛線表示存在或不存在一鍵結;Y係一有機酸官能團、或其一包含至多12個碳原子之醯胺或酯;或Y係羥甲基或其一包含至多12個碳原子之醚;或Y係一個四唑基官能團;A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-,其中1或2個碳原子可經S或O取代;或A係-(CH2
)m
-Ar-(CH2
)o
-,其中Ar係內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基,m及o之和係自1至4,且其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代;且B係萘基。
Y係一有機酸官能團、或其一包含至多12個碳原子之醯胺或酯;或Y係羥基甲基或其一包含至多12個碳原子之醚;或Y係一個四唑基官能團;有機酸官能團係有機分子上之酸性官能團。有機酸官能團可包括碳、硫或磷之氧化物,但不受限於此。因此,儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但在某些化合物中,Y係一羧酸、磺酸或磷酸官能團,即一種如下所示之結構。
本發明亦涵蓋任何此等酸的呈任何醫藥上可接受形式之鹽。
此外,本發明亦涵蓋一種上述有機酸之包含至多12個碳原子之醯胺或酯。在酯中,係由烴基部分代替酸之氫原子,舉例而言,在羧酸的酯中,例如CO2
Me、CO2
Et等。
在醯胺中,係由胺基代替酸之OH。醯胺之實例包括CON(R2
)2
、CON(OR2
)R2
、CON(CH2
CH2
OH)2
及CONH(CH2
CH2
OH),其中R2
獨立係H、C1
-C6
烷基、苯基或聯苯基。儘管諸如CONHSO2
R2
等部分亦係羧酸之醯胺,但事實上其亦可視為磺酸R2
-SO3
H之醯胺。
儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但Y亦可為羥甲基或其一包含至多12個碳原子之醚。因此,可存在具有下示結構之化合物。
此外,亦可存在此等化合物之醚。醚係一其中羥基之氫經碳取代的官能團,例如Y係CH2
OCH3
、CH2
OCH2
CH3
等。
最後,儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但Y可為四唑基官能團,例如,具有下式結構之化合物。
一未經取代之四唑基官能團具有兩種可在水性或生物介質中迅速相互轉化之互變異構體形式,因此二者彼此等效。此等互變異構體係如下所示。
此外,倘若R2
係C1
-C6
烷基、苯基、或聯苯基,則亦可存在諸如一如下所示之四唑基官能團的其他同分異構體形式,未經取代及經烴基取代之四唑基(至多C1 2
)被視為術語「四唑基」之範疇。
儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,在一實施例中,Y係選自由下列組成之群:CO2
(R2
)、CON(R2
)2
、CON(OR2
)R2
、CON(CH2
CH2
OH)2
、CONH(CH2
CH2
OH)、CH2
OH、P(O)(OH)2
、CONHSO2
R2
、SO2
N(R2
)2
、SO2
NHR2
、及四唑基-R2
;其中R2
獨立係H、C1
-C6
烷基、苯基或聯苯基。
就本文所示化學結構中所揭示的A之身份而言,A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-,其中1或2個碳原子可經S或O取代;或A係-(CH2
)m
-Ar-(CH2
)o
-,其中Ar係內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基,m與o之和係1至4,且其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。
A可為-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-,但其不欲受限於此。
或者,A可為一個與此等三個部分相關但其中任一碳原子經S及/或O取代的基團。舉例而言,儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但A可為一經S取代之部分,例如下列之一或諸如此類。
或者,儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但A可為在鏈中經O及S二者取代之取代基,例如下列之一或諸如此類。
或者,儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但在某些實施例中,A係-(CH2
)n
-Ar-(CH2
)o
-,其中Ar係內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基,m與o之和係自1至4,且其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。換言之,儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但在一實施例中,A包括1至4個CH2
部分及Ar,例如-CH2
-Ar-、-(CH2
)2
Ar-、-CH2
-Ar-CH2
-、-CH2
Ar-(CH2
)2
-、-(CH2
)2
-Ar-(CH2
)2
及諸如此類;在另一實施例中,A包括O、自0至3個CH2
部分及Ar,例如-O-Ar-、Ar-CH2
-O-、-O-Ar-(CH2
)2
-、-O-CH2
-Ar-、-O-CH2
-Ar-(CH2
)2
、及諸如此類;或在另一實施例中,A包括S、自0至3個CH2
部分及Ar,例如-S-Ar-、Ar-CH2
-S-、-S-Ar-(CH2
)2
-、-S-CH2
-Ar-、-S-CH2
-Ar-(CH2
)2
、-(CH2
)2
-S-Ar、及諸如此類。
在另一實施例中,m與o之和係自2至4,其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。
在又一實施例中,m與o之和係3,其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。
在再一實施例中,m與o之和係2,其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。
在另一實施例中,m與o之和係4,其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。
內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基係指可連接一分子之兩個其他部分的芳環或環係統或雜芳環或環係統,即該兩部分在兩個不同的環位置處鍵結至該環。內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基可經取代或未經取代。未經取代的內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基除了其所連接之分子的兩部分外不具有其他取代基。經取代內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基除了其所連接之分子的兩部分外還具有其他取代基。
在一實施例中,Ar係經取代或未經取代的內伸苯基、內伸噻吩基、內伸呋喃基、內伸吡啶基、內伸噁唑基及內伸噻唑基。在另一實施例中,Ar係內伸苯基(Ph)。在又一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)2
-Ph-。儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但取代基可具有4個或更少的重原子,或即,非氫原子。亦可包括一特定取代基所需的任意數目之氫原子。因此,取代基可為具有至多4個碳原子之烴基
,包括烷基(至多C4
)、烯基、炔基及諸如此類;烴基氧基
(至多C3
);CF3
;鹵素
,例如F、Cl或Br;羥基;NH 2 及烷基胺
官能團(至多C3
);含有N或S之其他取代基
;及諸如此類。
在一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)m
-Ar-(CH2
)o
-,其中Ar係內伸苯基,m與o之和係自1至3,且其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。
在另一實施例中,A係-CH2
-Ar-OCH2
-。在另一實施例中,A係-CH2
-Ar-OCH2
-且Ar係內伸苯基。在另一實施例中,Ar連接於1及3位處,亦稱作間-內伸苯基,例如當A具有如下所示結構時。
在另一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3-,其中1或2個碳原子可經S或O取代;或A係-(CH2
)2
-Ph-,其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代。
在另一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-,其中1或2個碳原子可經S或O取代;或A係-(CH2
)2
-Ph-。
在其他實施例中,A具有一種下列結構,其中Y與芳香環或雜芳環連接。
在另一實施例中,A係-CH2
OCH2
Ar。
在又一實施例中,A係-CH2
SCH2
Ar。
在再一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)3
Ar。
在另一實施例中,A係-CH2
O(CH2
)4
。
在又一實施例中,A係-CH2
S(CH2
)4
。
在再一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)6
-。
在另一實施例中,A係順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-。
在又一實施例中,A係-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-。
在再一實施例中,A係-S(CH2
)3
S(CH2
)2
-。
在另一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)4
OCH2
-。
在又一實施例中,A係順式-CH2
CH=CH-CH2
OCH2
-。
在再一實施例中,A係-CH2
CH≡CH-CH2
OCH2
-。
在另一實施例中,A係-(CH2
)2
S(CH2
)3
-。
在又一實施例中,A係-CH2
-Ph-OCH2
-,其中Ph係內伸苯基。
在再一實施例中,A係-CH2
-mPh-OCH2
-,其中mPh係間-內伸苯基。
在另一實施例中,A係-CH2
-O-(CH2
)4
-。
在又一實施例中,A係-CH2
-O-CH2
-Ar-,其中Ar係2,5-內伸噻吩基。
在另一實施例中,A係-CH2
-O-CH2
-Ar-,其中Ar係2,5-內伸呋喃基。
B係萘基,意指連接於1或2位之未經取代及經取代萘基。一具有未經取代1-萘基之實施例係如下所示。
本發明亦涵蓋其醫藥上可接受之鹽,代謝產物或前藥。一具有未經取代2-萘基之實施例係如下所示。
本發明亦涵蓋其醫藥上可接受之鹽,代謝產物或前藥。
萘基之取代基各自可具有至多6個非氫原子及所需量氫原子。因此,儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但取代基可為:烴基
,即僅由碳及氫構成之部分,例如烷基、烯基、炔基及諸如此類,包括直鏈、支鏈或環狀烴基及其組合;烴基氧基
,即O-烴基,例如OCH3
、OCH2
CH3
、O-環己基等(至多5個碳原子);其他醚
取代基,例如CH2
OCH3
、(CH2
)2
OCH(CH3
)2
及諸如此類;硫醚取代基,包括S-烴基及其他硫醚取代基;羥基烴基
,即烴基-OH,例如CH2
OH、C(CH3
)2
OH等(至多5個碳原子);含氮取代基
,例如NO2
、CN及諸如此類,包括胺基
,例如NH2
、NH(CH2
CH3
OH)、NHCH3
及諸如此類(至多5個碳原子);羰基取代基
,例如CO2
H、酯基、醯胺基及諸如此類;鹵素
,例如氯、氟、溴及諸如此類;氟碳基
,例如CF3
、CF2
CF3
等;含磷取代基
,例如PO3 2 -
及諸如此類;含硫取代基
,包含S-烴基、SH、SO3
H、SO2
-烴基、SO3
-烴基及諸如此類。
在其他實施例中,一取代基中非氫原子之數量係3或更少。在其他實施例中,一取代基上非氫原子之數量係1。
在某些實施例中,取代基僅含有氫、碳、氧、鹵素、氮及硫。在其他實施例中,取代基僅含有氫、碳、氧及鹵素。
另一實施例包括:
或其一醫藥上可接受之鹽、代謝產物或前藥。
一個實施例使用一化合物製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物,該化合物包括:
或其一醫藥上可接受之鹽、代謝產物或前藥;其中虛線表示存在或不存在一鍵結;Y係一有機酸官能團、或其一包含至多12個碳原子之醯胺或酯;或Y係羥甲基或其一包含至多12個碳原子的醚;或Y係一四唑基官能團;A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-,其中1或2個碳原子可經S或O取代;或A係-(CH2
)m
-Ar-(CH2
)o
-,其中Ar係內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基,m與o之和係1至4,且其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代;且B係萘基。
另一實施例使用一化合物製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物,該化合物包括上述化合物,其中Y及B係如上文所定義且其中A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-。
另一實施例使用一化合物製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物,該化合物包括上述化合物,其中Y及B係如上文所定義且其中A係順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-。
另一實施例使用一化合物製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物,該化合物包括上述化合物,其中Y及A係如上文所定義且其中B係2-萘基。
另一實施例使用一化合物製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物,該化合物包括上述化合物,其中Y及A係如上文所定義且其中B係未經取代之萘基。
另一實施例使用一化合物製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物,該化合物包括上述化合物,其中Y及A係如上文所定義且其中B係未經取代之2-萘基。
另一實施例使用一化合物製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物,該化合物包括:
或其一醫藥鹽、前藥或代謝產物,其中R係H、甲基、乙基、丙基或異丙基。
一實施例係一化合物,其包括:
或其一醫藥上可接受之鹽、或代謝產物或前藥;其中虛線表示存在或不存在一鍵結;Y係一有機酸官能團、或其一包含至多12個碳原子之醯胺或酯;或Y係羥甲基或其一包含至多12個碳原子的醚;或Y係一四唑基官能團;A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-、或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-,其中1或2個碳原子可經S或O取代;或A係-(CH2
)m
-Ar(CH2
)3
-,其中Ar係內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基,m與o之和係1至4,且其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代;且B係萘基。
另一實施例係其中Y及B係如上所述且其中A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
的上述化合物。
另一實施例係其中Y及B係如上所述且其中A係順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-的上述化合物。
另一實施例係其中Y及A係如上所述且其中B係2-萘基的上述化合物。
另一實施例係其中Y及A係如上所述且其中B係未經取代萘基的上述化合物。
另一實施例係其中Y及A係如上所述且其中B係未經取代2-萘基的上述化合物。
另一實施例係一化合物,其包括:
或其一醫藥鹽、前藥或代謝產物,其中R係H、甲基、乙基、丙基或異丙基。
另一實施例係一種包括向一哺乳動物投與一化合物以治療發炎性腸病的方法,該化合物包括:
或其一醫藥上可接受之鹽、或代謝產物或前藥;其中虛線表示存在或不存在一鍵結;Y係一有機酸官能團、或其一包含至多12個碳原子的醯胺或酯;或Y係羥甲基或其一包含至多12個碳原子的醚;或Y係一四唑基官能團;A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
-,其中1或2個碳原子可經S或O取代;或A係-(CH2
)m
-Ar-(CH2
)o-,其中Ar係內伸芳基或雜內伸芳基,m與o之和係1至4,且其中一個CH2
可經S或O取代;且B係萘基。
另一實施例係一種包括向一哺乳動物投與一化合物以治療發炎性腸病的方法,該化合物包括其中Y及B係如上所述且其中A係-(CH2
)6
-、順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-或-CH2
C≡C-(CH2
)3
的上述化合物。
另一實施例係一種包括向一哺乳動物投與一化合物以治療發炎性腸病的方法,該化合物包括其中Y及B係如上所述且其中A係順式-CH2
CH=CH-(CH2
)3
-的上述化合物。
另一實施例係一種包括向一哺乳動物投與一化合物以治療發炎性腸病的方法,該化合物包括其中Y及A係如上所述且其中B係2-萘基的上述化合物。
另一實施例係一種包括向一哺乳動物投與一化合物以治療發炎性腸病的方法,該化合物包括其中Y及A係如上所述且其中B係未經取代萘基的上述化合物。
另一實施例係一種包括向一哺乳動物投與一化合物以治療發炎性腸病的方法,該化合物包括其中Y及A係如上所述且其中B係未經取代2-萘基的上述化合物。
另一實施例係一種包括向一哺乳動物投與一化合物以治療發炎性腸病的方法,該化合物包括:
或其一醫藥鹽、前藥或代謝產物,其中R係H、甲基、乙基、丙基或異丙基。
另一實施例係一種包括一化合物之組合物,其中該化合物係一眼科學上可接受之液體,其中該化合物係本文所揭示之任一種或任一類化合物。
本文所揭示化合物可用於預防或治療哺乳動物之青光眼或眼內高壓,或用於製備一用於治療青光眼或眼內高壓之藥物。該等化合物亦可用於治療此項技術中所揭示的彼等可順應前列腺素EP4
激動劑治療的疾病,例如上文所列示者。
一「醫藥上可接受之鹽」係任何可保持該母體化合物之活性且不會對被施予此鹽之受試者及在施予此鹽之情況下產生任何額外有害或不利影響(與母體化合物相比)的鹽。一醫藥上可接受之鹽亦係指由於投與一酸、另一鹽、或一可轉化形成一酸或鹽之前藥而可在體內形成的任何鹽。
酸性官能團之醫藥上可接受之鹽可衍生自有機或無機堿。該鹽可包括一單價或多價離子。尤其令人感興趣者係無機離子鋰、鈉、鉀、鈣及鎂。有機鹽可用胺類製得,尤其係諸如單-、二-及三-烷基胺或乙醇胺等銨鹽。鹽亦可用咖啡鹼、胺丁三醇及類似分子形成。氫氯酸或某些其他醫藥上可接受之酸可與包含一鹼性基團(例如胺或吡啶環)之化合物形成鹽。
一「前藥」係一種在投藥後可轉化成一治療活性化合物之化合物,在本文中應按此項技術通常所理解的寬廣範圍理解此術語。儘管不欲限制本發明之範圍,但可藉由酯基團或某些其他生物學上不穩定之基團的水解來實施轉化。一般地但非必然地,一前藥與其可轉化成的治療活性化合物相比係無活性的或具有較小活性。本發明尤其涵蓋本文所揭示化合物之酯前藥。酯可自Cl之羧酸(即,一天然前列腺素之端基羧酸)衍生得到,或酯可自分子另一部分(例如苯環)上的羧酸官能團衍生得到。儘管不欲受限,但酯可為烷基酯、芳基酯、或雜芳基酯。術語「烷基」具有彼等熟習此項技術者一般所理解之含義且係指直鏈、支鏈或環狀烷基部分。C1 - 6
烷基酯尤其有用,其中該酯之烷基部分具有1至6個碳原子且包括(但不限於)甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、異丁基、第三丁基、戊基同分異構體、己基同分異構體、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基及其具有1至6個碳原子之組合等。
彼等熟習此項技術者將易於理解:對於藥物之投與或製備而言,本文所揭示化合物可與本身已為此項技術者所熟知之醫藥上可接受之賦形劑混合。特定言之,一擬以全身性方式投與之藥物可調製成粉劑、丸劑、錠片或諸如此類,或調製成適於經口或非經腸投與或吸入之溶液、乳液、懸浮液、氣溶膠、糖漿或酏劑。
對於固體劑型或藥物而言,無毒固體載劑包括(但不限於)醫藥級甘露糖醇、乳糖、澱粉、硬脂酸鎂、糖精鈉、聚伸烷基二醇、滑石粉、纖維素、葡萄糖、蔗糖及碳酸鎂。該等固體劑型可無包膜,或其可藉由已知技術包膜以延遲在胃腸道中之崩解及吸收且藉此長時間提供一持續作用。舉例而言,可採用一諸如甘油單硬脂酸酯或甘油二硬脂酸酯等緩釋物質。該等固體劑型亦可藉由美國專利第4,256,108號、第4,166,452號及第4,265,874號中所述技術包膜以形成用於控制釋放的滲透治療錠片。醫藥上可投與之液體劑型可包括(例如)一或多種目前有用的化合物及可選醫藥佐劑存於一載劑中之溶液或懸浮液,該等化合物及可選醫藥佐劑係存於一諸如水、鹽水、水性右旋糖、甘油、乙醇及諸如此類的載劑中以藉此形成一溶液或懸浮液。倘若需要,待投與之醫藥組合物亦可含有少量無毒輔助物質,例如潤濕劑或乳化劑、pH緩衝劑及諸如此類。此等輔助劑之典型實例係乙酸鈉、去水山梨醇單月桂酸酯、三乙醇胺、乙酸鈉、三乙醇胺油酸酯等等。彼等熟習此項技術者已知或應瞭解製備此等劑型之實際方法;舉例而言,參見Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences,Mack Publishing公司,Easton,Pa.,第16版,1980。擬投與調配物之組成在任何情況下皆可含有一定數量(可有效地提供期望治療效果之量)的一或多種當前有用的化合物。
非經腸投藥之一般特徵係藉由注射(經皮下注射、肌內注射或靜脈內注射)達成。注射液可以常規形式製備,可為液體溶液或懸浮液、適合於在注射前溶解或懸浮於液體中之固體形式、或乳液形式。適宜賦形劑係(例如)水、鹽水、右旋糖、甘油、乙醇及諸如此類。此外,若需要,擬投與之注射醫藥組合物亦可含有少量無毒輔助物質,例如潤濕劑或乳化劑、pH緩衝劑及諸如此類。
當然,所投與當前有用的化合物之數量端視下列因素而定:期望治療效果、所治療特定哺乳動物、哺乳動物病況之嚴重性及性質、投藥方式、所採用特定化合物之效能及藥物效應動力學及處方醫生之判斷。
一眼科學上可接受之液體需以可局部投與眼睛之方式調配。應盡可能地達成最佳舒適感,但有時會由於調配因素(例如,藥物穩定性)而不能達到最佳舒適感。在若不能達到最佳舒適感,則液體應以便於局部眼科用藥患者可耐受的液體形式調配。此外,一眼科學上可接受之液體應以單獨使用之方式包裝,或含有一防腐劑以防止因多次使用而受到污染。
對於眼科施藥而言,經常使用一生理鹽水溶液作為一主要媒劑來製備溶液或藥物。經常使用一適當緩衝係統將眼用溶液保持在一舒適的pH。該等調配物亦可含有醫藥上可接受之習知防腐劑、穩定劑及表面活性劑。
可用於本發明醫藥組合物之防腐劑包括(但不限於)氯苄烷銨、氯代丁醇、硫柳汞、乙酸苯汞及硝酸苯汞。一有用的表面活性劑係(例如)Tween 80。同樣,各種有用的媒劑皆可用於本發明之眼用製劑。此等媒劑包括(但不限於)聚乙烯醇、帕維酮、羥丙基甲基纖維素、泊洛沙姆(poloxamer)、羧甲基纖維素、羥乙基纖維素及淨化水。
滲透調節劑可根據需要或方便時添加。該等滲透調節劑包括(但不限於)鹽(特定言之係氯化鈉、氣化鉀)、甘露糖醇及甘油、或任何其他適宜的眼科學上可接受之滲透調節劑。
只要所得製劑係眼科學上可接受的,就可使用各種用於調節pH之緩衝劑及方法。因此,緩衝劑包括乙酸鹽緩衝劑、檸檬酸鹽緩衝劑、磷酸鹽緩衝劑及硼酸鹽緩衝劑。根據需要,可使用酸或堿來調節此等調配物之pH。
同理,一用於本發明之眼科學上可接受之抗氧化劑包括(但不限於)偏亞硫酸氫鈉、硫代硫酸鈉、乙醯半胱胺酸、經丁基化之羥基苯甲醚及經丁基化之羥基甲苯。
可包含於眼用製劑中之其他賦形劑組份係螯合劑。一有用的螯合劑係乙二胺四乙酸二鈉,但亦可使用其他螯合劑代替之或與乙二胺四乙酸二鈉組合使用。
該等成份通常可以下列數量使用:
對於局部用藥而言,可採用含有本文所揭示化合物之乳霜、軟膏、凝膠、溶液或懸浮液等。局部調配物可含有一醫藥載劑、共溶劑、乳化劑、滲入增強劑、防腐劑係統及緩和劑。
本文所揭示化合物亦可與其他可用於治療青光眼或其他病況之藥物組合使用。
對於青光眼治療而言,本發明涵蓋使用下列類別的藥物之組合治療:β-阻斷劑(或β-腎上腺素能拮抗劑)
,包括卡替洛爾(carteolol)、左布諾洛爾(levobunolol)、美替洛爾(metipranolol)、噻嗎洛爾半水合物(timolol hemihydrate)、馬來酸噻嗎洛爾(timolol maleate)、諸如倍他洛爾(betaxolol)等β1-選擇性拮抗劑、及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;腎上腺素能激動劑
,包括:非選擇性腎上腺素能激動劑
,例如硼酸腎上腺素、氫氣酸腎上腺素、及地匹福林(dipivefrin)及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;及α 2 -選擇性腎上腺素能激動劑
,例如阿可樂定(apraclonidine)、溴莫尼定(brimonidine)及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;碳酸酐酶抑制劑
,包括乙醯唑胺、雙氯非那胺、醋甲唑胺、布爾唑胺(brinzolamide)、多佐胺(dorzolamide)及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;膽鹼能激動劑
,包括:直接作用型膽鹼能激動劑,例如卡巴膽鹼(carbachol)、氫氯酸毛果芸香堿(pilocarpine hydrochloride)、硝酸毛果芸香堿(pilocarbine nitrate)、毛果芸香域(pilocarpine)及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;膽鹼酯酶抑制劑
,例如癸二胺苯酯(demecarium)、二乙氧膦醯硫膽鹼(echothiophate)、毒扁豆堿(physostigmine)及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;麩胺酸鹽拮抗劑及其他神經保護劑
,例如Ca2 +
通道阻斷劑,例如美金剛(memantine)、金剛烷胺(amantadine)、金剛乙胺(rimantadine)、硝化甘油、右啡烷(dextrophan)、右美沙芬(detromethorphan)、CGS-19755、二氫吡啶、維拉帕米(verapamil)、依莫帕米(emopamil)、苯並噻氮卓類、苄普地爾(bepridil)、二苯基丁基六氫吡啶、二苯基六氫吡嗪、HOE 166及相關藥物、氟司必林(fluspirilene)、依利羅地(eliprodil)、艾芬地爾(ifenprodil)、CP-101、606、替巴洛新(tibalosine)、2309BT及840S、氟桂利嗪(flunarizine)、尼卡地平(nicardipine)、硝苯地平(nifedimpine)、尼莫地平(nimodipine)、巴尼地平(barnidipine)、維拉帕米、利多氟嗪(lidoflazine)、乳酸普尼拉明(prenylamine lactate)、阿米洛利(amiloride)及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;前列醯胺
,例如比馬前列腺素(bimatoprost)、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥;及前列腺素
,包括曲伏前列腺素(travoprost)、UFO-21、氯前列醇(chloprostenol)、氟前列醇(fluprostenol)、13,14-二氫-氯前列醇、異丙基烏諾前列酮(unoprostone)、拉坦前列素(latanoprost)及諸如此類。
大麻素
,包括CB1激動劑,例如WIN-55212-2及CP-55940及諸如此類、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥。
為治療影響眼睛之疾病(包括青光眼),此等化合物可經局部、眼周、眼內或藉由任何此項技術中已知之其他有效方式投與。
發炎性腸病之治療可藉由對患病哺乳動物投與本文所述化合物來達成。發炎性腸病係許多以腸發炎為特徵的疾病,包括(但不限於)潰瘍性結腸炎及克隆氏病(Crohn's disease)。其治療可藉由經口投藥、藉由栓劑或經非腸投藥或某些其他適宜方法來達成。
當治療發炎性腸病及類似病症時,本文所揭示化合物可與其他治療活性劑組合使用。
當治療發炎性腸病時,本發明涵蓋使用以下類別的藥物實施組合治療:胺基水楊酸類
,包括sulfasalazaline、美沙拉秦(mesalazine)、柳氮磺吡啶(sulfasalazine)、美沙胺(mesalamine)、奧沙拉秦(Olsalazine)、巴柳氮(balsalazide)及諸如此類;腎上腺皮質類固醇類
,包含胺甲蝶呤(methotrexate)、可的松(cortisone)、氫化可的松(hydrocortisone)、潑尼松(prednisone)、潑尼松龍(prednisolone)、甲基潑尼松、去炎松(triamcinolone)、氟米龍(fluoromethalone)、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、甲羥松(medrysone)、倍他米松(betamethasone)、氯替潑諾(loteprednol)、氟輕鬆(fluocinolone)、氟地塞米松(flumethasone)、莫米松(mometasone)及諸如此類;免疫調節劑,包括硫唑嘌呤(azathioprine)、6-巰基嘌呤(6-mercaptopurine)、環孢菌素(cyclosporine)及諸如此類;及炎性細胞因子之抑制劑
(TNF),例如英夫利昔單抗(infliximab)、CDP571、CDP870、依那西普(etanercept)、奧那西普(onercept)、阿達木單抗(adalimumab)、及諸如此類。
儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但可藉由此項技術中已知的若干方法中之任一種達成將本文所揭示化合物之口服劑型遞送至結腸。舉例而言,Chourasia及Jain在J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci 6(1):33-66,2003中以及Shareef等人在AAPS PharmSci 2003;5(2)Article 17中之論述闡明了若干有用的方法。儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但此等方法可包括:1)投與一前藥,包括基於偶氮或碳水化合物之前藥;2)使用一設計為遞送至結腸的聚合物包膜該藥物,或將該藥物包囊於或浸漬於該聚合物中;3)延時遞送該藥物;4)使用一生物黏結劑係統;及諸如此類。
儘管不欲以任何方式受限於理論,但據信腸道微生物群能夠還原切除偶氮鍵,使兩個氮原子形成胺官能團。儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但在治療發炎性腸病之臨床試驗中已經使用偶氮前藥方法將5-胺基水楊酸遞送至人類之結腸。吾人亦認為下部胃腸道中之細菌亦具有可消化糖苷、葡糖苷酸、環糊精、葡聚糖及其他碳水化合物的酵素,且自此等碳水化合物形成之酯前藥已顯示可將母體活性藥物選擇性地遞送至結腸。舉例而言,使用地塞米松、潑尼松龍、氫化可的松及氟氫可的松(fludrocortisone)之前藥對大鼠及豚鼠實施的體內及體外研究表明,糖苷結合物可用於將類固醇遞送至人類結腸。其他體內研究表明類固醇或非類固醇型抗炎藥之葡糖苷酸、環狀糊精及葡聚糖前藥可用於將此等藥物遞送至下部胃腸道。水楊酸及麩胺酸之醯胺已顯示可用於將水楊酸遞送至兔子及犬之結腸。
儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但可使用碳水化合物聚合物(例如澱粉酶、阿拉伯半乳聚糖、殼聚糖、硫酸軟骨素、葡聚糖、瓜爾豆膠、果膠、木糖醇及諸如此類)、或含有偶氮基之聚合物來包膜藥物化合物,或可將藥物浸漬於或包囊於該聚合物中。據信,在經口投藥後,該等聚合物在上部胃腸道中保持穩定,但可經下部胃腸道之微生物群消化從而釋放出用於治療的藥物。
亦可使用對pH敏感之聚合物,此乃因結腸具有一較上部胃腸道為高之pH。此等聚合物已有市售。舉例而言,由Rohm Pharmaceuticals(Darmstadt,Germany)出售的商品名稱為Eudragit的pH依賴型甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物及共聚物,該等聚合物或共聚物在不同pH範圍內的溶解度根據聚合物中游離羧酸根基團數目而有所不同。當前使用若干Eudragit劑型來遞送用於治療潰瘍性結腸炎及克隆氏病的salsalazine。人們亦已經研究了延時釋放係統、生物黏結劑係統及其他遞送係統。
根據揭示於美國專利申請公開案第2004/0157901號中的程序製備化合物,該案以引用方式併入本文中,其中反應圖4之化合物13係使用市售萘醛代替。可根據此項技術中已知之許多方法製備此公開案中未揭示之α-鏈的變化形式。
根據以下程序測試本文所揭示化合物之活性。
用TME緩衝液洗滌可穩定表達人類或貓的FP受體、或EP1
、EP2
或EP4
受體之HEK-293細胞,將其自燒瓶底部刮落,並使用一台Brinkman PT 10/35型均質器均質化30秒鐘。加入TME緩衝液以使離心管中最終體積達到40毫升(TME之組成係100 mM TRIS堿,20 mM MgCl2
,2 MEDTA;加入10 N HCl使pH值達到7.4)。
使用一台Beckman Ti-60轉桶於19000 r.p.m.及4℃下將該細胞均質物離心20分鐘。將所形成沉澱重懸浮於TME緩衝液中以獲得1毫克/毫升之最終蛋白質濃度,如生物放射性分析(Biorad)所測定。在100微升體積中實施針對[3
H-]17-苯基PGF2 α
(5 nM)的放射性配體結合競爭試驗60分鐘。藉由添加原生質膜片段啟動結合反應。該反應藉由加入4毫升冰冷TRIS-HCl緩衝液終止,並使用一Brandel細胞採集器通過玻璃纖維GF/B過濾器快速過濾。用冰冷緩衝液洗滌該等過濾器3次,並於烘箱內乾燥一小時。使用10 uM未經標記之17-苯基PGF2 α
測定非特異性結合。
將[3
H-]PGE2
(5 nM比活性180 Ci mmol)用作EP受體之放射性配體。在至少3個單獨試驗中重複實施採用EP1
、EP2
、EP3
、EP4
的結合研究。所用分析體積係200微升。於25℃下培養60分鐘並藉由加入4 mL冰冷的50 mM TRIS-HCl終止,繼而通過Whatman GF/B過濾器快速過濾並在一細胞採集器(Brandel)內用4毫升緩衝液另外洗滌三次。使用10- 5
M未經標記之PGE2
測定非特異性結合。
(a)細胞培養
於100毫米培養皿內在含有10%胎牛血清、2 mM 1-麩胺醯胺、250微克/毫升遺傳黴素(G418)及200微克/毫升潮黴素B作為選擇標記物及100單位/毫升青黴素G、100微克/毫升鏈黴素及0.25微克/毫升兩性黴素B的高葡萄糖DMEM培養基中培養可穩定表現一種重組人類前列腺素受體類型或亞型(所表現前列腺素受體:hDP/Gqs5、hEP1
、hEP2
/Gqs5、hEP3 A
/Gqi5、hEP4
/Gqs5、hFP、hIP、hTP)之HEK-293(EBNA)細胞。
(b)對FLIPR TM 之鈣信號研究
以5x104
個細胞/孔之密度將細胞接種於Biocoat經聚-D-離胺酸-塗覆之黑壁透明底96-孔板(Becton-Dickinson)中並在培養箱中於37℃下使其貼壁過夜。隨後用HBSS-HEPES緩衝液(不含碳酸氫鹽及酚紅之Hanks平衡鹽溶液,20 mM HEPES,pH 7.4)在Denley Cellwash板式洗滌器(Labsystems)中將細胞洗滌兩次。在黑暗中使用一最終濃度為2 μM的鈣敏染料Fluo-4 AM實施染色45分鐘後,用HBSS-HEPES緩衝液洗滌四次板,以去除多餘染料,每孔內留下100微升溶液。將板重新平衡至37℃數分鐘。
在488 nm下用氬激光對細胞實施激發,藉由一510-570奈米帶寬發射濾波器(FLIPRT M
,Molecular Devices,Sunnyvale,CA)對發射光進行測量。向每孔內加入50微升體積的藥物溶液,以達到期望最終濃度。記錄每孔螢光強度之峰值增加。在每一板上,4個孔各自用作陰性對照(HBSS-HEPES緩衝液)及陽性對照(標準激動劑:BW245C(hDP)、PGE2
(hEP1
、hEP2
/Gqs5、hEP3 A
/Gqi5、hEP4
/Gqs5)、PGF2 α
(hFP)、卡巴環素(carbacyclin)(hIP)、U-46619(hTP),視受體而定)。隨後將每個含有藥物之孔內的峰值螢光變化量表示為相對於對照之值。
化合物以高通量(HTS)或濃度-響應(CoRe)形式實施測試。在HTS形式中,按一式兩份方式以10- 5
M之濃度測定44種化合物/板。為產生濃度響應曲線,按一式兩份方式以介於10- 5
與10- 1 1
M間之濃度範圍測試4種化合物/板。取兩次測量之平均值。在HTS或CORe形式中,每份化合物均使用來自不同途徑的細胞在至少3個單獨板上測試,以使n3。
表1顯示對表中所示化合物實施此等試驗所得之結果。儘管不欲以任何方式限制本發明之範圍,但此等結果表明該等化合物對EP4受體之選擇性高於對其他前列腺素受體之選擇性。
在有知覺的兩種性別的小獵犬(10-15公斤)中實施涉及呼吸量測定之犬類眼內壓測定。在整個研究中此等動物皆保持有知覺並用手對其實施輕柔約束。對一隻眼睛局部投與25微升體積的藥物液滴,另一隻眼睛接受25微升媒劑(0.1%聚山梨醇酯80:10mM TRIS)作為對照。在壓力測量期間,使用丙美卡因(Proparacaine)(0.1%)實施角膜麻醉。在5日研究之每日恰在投藥之前或在投藥後2、4及6小時測定眼內壓。在首次IOP讀數後即刻投與藥物。
對獼猴實施一類似程序,在投與單一劑量後2、4、6及24小時實施量測。眼表面充血眼表面充血以目測方式評定並根據一臨床上常用的係統記分。
在量測眼內壓的同時評定眼表面充血。應注意:未經治療的犬眼經常具有一粉色調/紅色調。因此,輕微或甚至輕度數值不一定超出正常範圍。使用一類似程序來測定兔充血。
對兩種化合物實施此等程序之結果示於表2中。
上述說明詳述了可用於實施本發明之具體方法及組合物,並闡述了預期的最佳模式。但是,業內一般技術人員應明瞭,具有期望藥理性質之其他化合物可採用類似方式製備,且所揭示化合物亦可藉由不同化學反應自不同起始化合物製得。類似地,可製備及使用具有實質相同結果之不同醫藥組合物。因此,無論本文上述說明如何詳細,也不應詮釋為對本發明總體範圍之限制;相反,本發明範圍僅受隨附申請專利範圍之法律意義限制。
Claims (9)
- 一種化合物,包括:
- 如請求項1之化合物,其中A係順式-CH2CH=CH-(CH2)3-。
- 如請求項2之化合物,包括:
- 如請求項1之化合物,其中B係2-萘基。
- 如請求項1之化合物,其中B係未經取代之萘基。
- 如請求項4之化合物,其中B係未經取代之2-萘基。
- 一種如請求項1至6中任一項之化合物在製備一用於治療哺乳動物青光眼或眼內高壓之藥物中的用途。
- 一種如請求項1至6中任一項之化合物在製備一用於治療哺乳動物發炎性腸病之藥物中的用途。
- 一種包括如請求項1至6中任一項之化合物的醫藥組合物,其中該化合物係一眼科學上可接受之液體。
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