1224274 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種過程現場總線（PROFIBUS)之泛用通訊 介面卡，特別是一種運用複雜可程式邏輯裝置（CPLD)之可程式 設計的電路結構，以增進傳輸速率及應用彈性的泛用通訊介面 卡。 【先前技術】 過程現場總線（PROFIBUS-Process Field Bus)為工業界廣 泛使用的一種標準工業網路，其符合IEC 61158和ΕΝ 50170 標準，因而保證集成對其他廠商的標準化設備的開放。目前世 界各地已有650多家製造商能提供種類廣泛之區域網路，有各 種介面相容於PROFIBUS的產品。PROFIBUS向用戶提供功能包 括有：（一）結構簡單因而降低成本、（二）對任何應用，配置 方便、（三）生產中的高度靈活性、（四）可靠和確實的診斷資 料、（五）可靠的數位傳輸技術；適用於各種任務的最優化的 網路，靈活網路配置以及在非常惡劣環境中運行，採用 PROFIBUS都辦得到。PROFIBUS的開放性，從不同製造商來的 標準化設備當然也能夠集成，從系統中的任何地點都可以方便 地進行配置、起動和故障查詢。 在現今諸多的網路標準裡，PROFIBUS擁有其他網路所沒有 的優點，且一般的PROFIBUS都是與工業級的設備搭配使用， 故諸多廠商也根據前述PROFIBUS之優點，研發出PROFIBUS的 網路通訊卡，一般通用的PROFIBUS通訊介面卡，配設於主站 (Master)與副站（Slave)之間，做為主站（Master)與副站 (Slave)通訊的橋樑，針對一般通用PROFIBUS通訊介面卡的設 計與元件兹分述如下： 8 1224274 一、 如「第1圖」所示，一般PR〇FIBUS通訊介面卡3配設 於主站（Master)l與副站（Slave)2之間，且主站（Master)l輸 出鸲相接於PROFIBUS通訊介面卡的輸入端，這一段的通訊結 構稱之為第一級通訊結構，並於第一級通訊結構使用 網路41做聯繫，另外PR0FIBUS輸出一端，通常使用以232介 面51或RS485介面52導引至副站（siave)2的輸入端，這一段 的通汛結構稱之為第二級通訊結構，由於一般通用的 通訊介面卡，因為電路結構的關係，造成資料傳送速度受限於 第二級通訊結構的影響，無法與第一級通訊結構之pR〇FIBUS 高速的通訊速度相匹配，進而限制了主站（Master)1與副站 (Slave)2間的資料傳輸速率，且一般pR〇FIBUS通訊介面卡3 的設計，通訊介面是唯一的，並無法根據使用者的需要任意更 改’增加了通訊卡應用上的不便性。 二、 如「第2圖」所示，係以單晶片8051 β來操控pR〇FIBUS 通訊介面卡的通訊作動，主站（Master)1於第一級通訊結構4 内，透過PROFIBUS網路41傳送資料至非同步式串列介面驅動 單元（UART Driver)42，且於PR0FIBUS專用IC 7内部做資料 的轉換，並輸出資料到單晶片8051 B接收端；於第二級通訊 結構5内，且以RS232介面51或RS485介面52連接單晶片8051 B與副站（Slave)2，並從單晶片8051 β聯結資料至副站 (SlaVe)2裡。此架構受限於RS232介面51或RS485介面^較 慢的傳輸速率，會造成傳輸品質的降低，且通訊介面只能從 RS232介面51與RS485介面52中擇其一，通訊介面是唯一的， 所以不具有彈性改變能力，因而降低通訊卡對通訊介面的選擇 性。 由上述的說明可以瞭解，因為先前電路結構不具有可程式 9 1224274 與彈性的改變能力，所以本發明加入可程式電路架構，能改呈 弟一級通说結構5的傳輸速率’並增加通訊介面的選擇性 【發明内容】 本發明主要應用於主站與副站之間的資料傳輸介面，運用 複雜可程式邏輯裝置（CPLD)之可程式設計的電路結構，改盖— 般PROF I BUS通訊介面卡的傳輸速率及通訊介面的選擇性。1224274 发明 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a general-purpose communication interface card for a process field bus (PROFIBUS), particularly a programmable circuit using a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) Structure to improve the transmission rate and application flexibility of the universal communication interface card. [Previous Technology] The PROFIBUS-Process Field Bus is a standard industrial network widely used in the industry. It conforms to the IEC 61158 and EN 50170 standards, thus ensuring the integration of openness to standardized equipment from other manufacturers. At present, more than 650 manufacturers around the world can provide a wide range of LANs, and there are various products compatible with PROFIBUS. The functions provided by PROFIBUS to users include: (a) simple structure and thus reduced cost, (b) easy configuration for any application, (c) high flexibility in production, (d) reliable and reliable diagnostic data, and (v) Reliable digital transmission technology; optimized network for various tasks, flexible network configuration, and operation in very harsh environments, all can be done with PROFIBUS. The openness of PROFIBUS, of course, standardized equipment from different manufacturers can also be integrated, and it is easy to configure, start and troubleshoot from anywhere in the system. Among many current network standards, PROFIBUS has advantages not found in other networks, and general PROFIBUS is used with industrial-grade equipment. Therefore, many manufacturers have also developed PROFIBUS network communication based on the advantages of PROFIBUS. Card, a general-purpose PROFIBUS communication interface card, which is arranged between the master station and the slave station, and serves as a bridge between the master station and the slave station. It is aimed at the general PROFIBUS communication interface. The design and components of the card are described as follows: 8 1224274 I. As shown in "Figure 1", the general PRFIBUS communication interface card 3 is arranged between the master station 1 and the slave station 2 And the output of the master station (Master) is connected to the input end of the PROFIBUS communication interface card. This section of the communication structure is called the first-level communication structure, and the first-level communication structure uses the network 41 to communicate. In addition, PR0FIBUS The output end is usually guided to the input of siave 2 through 232 interface 51 or RS485 interface 52. The flood structure of this section is called the second-level communication structure. Because of the general-purpose communication interface card, Due to the relationship of the road structure, the data transmission speed is limited by the influence of the second-level communication structure, which cannot match the high-speed communication speed of the pRFIBUS of the first-level communication structure, thereby limiting the master station (Master) 1 and the secondary station. (Slave) The data transfer rate between 2 and the general design of the pRFIBUS communication interface card 3, the communication interface is unique, and cannot be arbitrarily changed according to the needs of the user ', which increases the inconvenience in the application of the communication card. 2. As shown in "Figure 2", the single-chip 8051 β is used to control the communication operation of the pRFIBUS communication interface card. Master 1 is in the first-level communication structure 4 and transmitted through PROFIBUS network 41. Data to asynchronous serial interface driver unit (UART Driver) 42 and data conversion in PR0FIBUS dedicated IC 7 and output data to the single chip 8051 B receiving end; in the second-level communication structure 5 and using The RS232 interface 51 or RS485 interface 52 connects the single chip 8051 B and the slave station 2 and connects data from the single chip 8051 β to the slave station 2 (SlaVe) 2. This architecture is limited by the RS232 interface 51 or RS485 interface ^ Slower transmission rates will cause a reduction in transmission quality, and the communication interface can only choose one of the RS232 interface 51 and RS485 interface 52. The communication interface is unique, so Does not have the flexibility to change, thus reducing the selectivity of the communication card to the communication interface. As can be understood from the above description, because the previous circuit structure does not have the ability to change the programmable 9 1224274 and flexibility, the present invention adds a programmable circuit architecture, which can be changed to the transmission rate of the first-level talk structure 5 'and increase the Optional [Content of the invention] The present invention is mainly applied to the data transmission interface between the main station and the secondary station. The programmable circuit structure of a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) is used to cover the general PROF I BUS communication interface card. Transmission rate and selectivity of communication interface.
該PR0FIBUS泛用通訊介面卡，係透過複雜可程式邏輯裝置 (CPLD)之可程式規劃，改進通用pR0FIBUS通訊介面卡的傳輪 速率及應用性，且經中央處理單元（CPU)，做資料的整合與通 訊傳輸方向的控制，並將非同步式串列介面（UART)橋接於中央 處理單元（CPU)與RS232或RS485之間，作為指定通訊方式溝 通的橋樑，另可應用序列式週邊介面（SPI)改善第二級通訊結 構的傳輸速率，與第一級通訊結構之傳輸速率相匹配，同時也 增加通訊介面的選擇性。 有關本發明的較佳實施例與技術内容，茲配合圖式說明如 下： 【實施方式】The PR0FIBUS universal communication interface card is used to improve the transfer rate and applicability of the general pR0FIBUS communication interface card through programmable programming of a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the data is integrated by the central processing unit (CPU). And communication transmission direction control, and bridge the asynchronous serial interface (UART) between the central processing unit (CPU) and RS232 or RS485, as a bridge for the specified communication method, can also use serial peripheral interface (SPI ) Improve the transmission rate of the second-level communication structure to match the transmission rate of the first-level communication structure, and also increase the selectivity of the communication interface. The preferred embodiments and technical contents of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings: [Embodiment]
如「第3圖」所示，本發明所提出的PR0FIBUS泛用通訊介 面卡A，係用以做為主站（Master)l與副站（Slave)2之間的資 料傳輪介面，前述之主站（Master)l與PR0FIBUS泛用通訊介面 卡A之間包括有一第一級通訊結構4、一 PROFIBUS匯流排、一 非同步式串列介面驅動單元（UART Driver)42及一 PR0FIBUS專 用1C 7。（該主站（Master) 1與PROF IBUS泛用通訊介面卡A之 間的第一級通訊結構4、PR0FIBUS匯流排、非同步式串列介面 驅動單元（UART Driver)42及一 PR0FIBUS專用1C 7驅動原理 已屬習知，非屬本發明技術特徵，故以下將不再贅述。） 10 1224274 本發明之PROF I BUS泛用通訊介面卡a主要具有一複雜可程 式邏輯裝置（CPLD)6 ’係為可程式設計的電路結構，增進 PR0FIBUS通訊介面卡的傳輸速率及應用彈性，且以一中央處理 單元（CPU)61規劃於該複雜可程式邏輯裝置（cpld)6内，其内 部至少配置一個中央處理單元（Cpu)61，中央處理單元（CPU)61 可選擇與非同步式串列介面（UART)62與序列式週邊介面 (SPI)63做連接，由中央處理單元（CPU)61偵測哪一個為通路， 並與副站（Slave)2相通，該中央處理單元（CPU)6i係與複數個 切換開關機制相連接，做為複雜可程式邏輯裝置（CPld)6内部 功能的資料整合與通訊傳輸方向的控制，並用非同步式串列介 面（UART)62搭配複數個切換開關機制，係橋接於中央處理單元 (CPU)61與RS232介面51或RS485介面52之間，作為指定通 訊方式與副站（Slave)2做溝通，其中，該非同步式串列介面 (UART)62係規劃於該複雜可程式邏輯裝置（cpld)6内，其内部 至少配置一個非同步式串列介面（UART)62，另一序列式週邊介 面（SPI)63，利用其高速的傳輸特性，連接在中央處理單元 (CPU)61與副站（Slave)2之間，由於序列式週邊介面（SPI)63 屬同步式串列介面，較原先的非同步式串列介面（UART)62傳輸 速率快，雖然序列式週邊介面（SPI)63可傳輸的距離較非同步 式串列介面（UART)62短，但因通訊卡緊鄰副站（siave)2，距離 很短所以不受影響，係用於增進第二級通訊結構5的傳輸速 率，與第一級通訊結構4之傳輸速率相匹配。 、 如「第4圖」所示，係為本發明之PR0FIBUS泛用通訊介面 卡實施例，該複雜可程式邏輯裝置（CPLD)6搭配一雙列直插式 接腳開關（DIP Switch)8，該雙列直插式接腳開關（DIP Switch)8可以控制中央處理單元（cpu)61的資料傳送方向，讓 11 1224274 資料可以選擇至非同步式串列介面（UART)62或是選擇至序列 · 式週邊介面（SPI)63 ;同時也可操控非同步式串列介面 (UARO62的輸出通訊介面，可選擇RS232介面51與RS485介 面52，該雙列直插式接腳開關（DIpSwitch)8增加了 pR〇FIBus 泛用通訊介面卡A通訊介面的選擇性。 如「第5圖」所示，係為本發明之pR〇FIBUS泛用通訊介面 -卡另一實施例，該複雜可程式邏輯裝置（cpLD)6配設一個人電 腦（PC)9，但與第4圖不同點在於，該個人電腦（pC)9係用以電 腦化來規劃中央處理單元（cpu)61的資料傳送方向與非同步式 串列介面（UART)62的輸出通訊介面，而第4圖是以手動的方式 籲 操控之，所以運用電腦（PC)控制，使得pR〇FIBUS泛用通訊介 面卡A通訊介面的選擇更有彈性，也強化其内部的安全性。 如「第6圖」所示，係為本發明之pR〇FIBUS泛用通訊介面 卡另一較佳實施例，前述之實施例，該複雜可程式邏輯裝置 (CPLD)6僅包含中央處理單元（cpu)61、非同步式争列介面 (UART)62及序列式週邊介面（spi)63，而此實施例將pR〇FIBUS 專用1C 7設計至複雜可程式邏輯裝置（cpLD)6内，搭配雙列直 插式接腳開關（DIP Switch)8，可以簡化profibUS泛用通訊介 馨 面卡A上的模組架構。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為驾知PRQj? I BUS通訊介面卡的連接示意圖。 =2圖為習知PR〇FIBUS通訊介面卡的構造圖。 第3圖為本發明之電路流程方塊圖。 ，4圖為本發明之泛用通訊介面卡的第一種實施例示意圖。 =5圖為本發明之泛用通訊介面卡的第二種實施例示意圖。 第6圖為本發明之泛用通訊介面卡的第三種實施例示意圖。 12 1224274 【圖式符號說明】 1 .................... 主站（Master) 2 .................... 畐1J 站（Slave) 3 .............. 一般PROF I BUS通訊介面卡 4 ...................第一級通訊結構 41 ...................PR0FIBUS 網路 42 .......非同步式_列介面驅動單元（UART Dr i ver) 5 ...................弟二級通訊結構 51 ....................RS232 介面 52 ....................RS485 介面 6 ..............複雜可程式邏輯裝置（CPLD) 61 .................中央處理單元（CPU) 62 ...............非同步式串列介面（UART) 63 ................序列式週邊介面（SPI)As shown in "Figure 3", the PR0FIBUS universal communication interface card A proposed by the present invention is used as a data transfer interface between the master station 1 and the slave station 2. The master station (Master) and the PR0FIBUS universal communication interface card A include a first-level communication structure 4, a PROFIBUS bus, an asynchronous serial interface driver unit (UART Driver) 42 and a PR0FIBUS dedicated 1C 7 . (First-level communication structure between the Master 1 and the PROF IBUS universal communication interface card A 4, PR0FIBUS bus, asynchronous serial interface driver unit (UART Driver) 42 and a PR0FIBUS dedicated 1C 7 The driving principle is well-known and is not a technical feature of the present invention, so it will not be described in detail below.) 10 1224274 The PROF I BUS universal communication interface card a of the present invention mainly has a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) 6 'system It is a programmable circuit structure, which improves the transmission rate and application flexibility of the PR0FIBUS communication interface card. A central processing unit (CPU) 61 is planned in the complex programmable logic device (cpld) 6 and at least one central Processing unit (Cpu) 61, central processing unit (CPU) 61 can choose to connect with asynchronous serial interface (UART) 62 and serial peripheral interface (SPI) 63, which is detected by central processing unit (CPU) 61 One is a path and communicates with the slave station 2. The central processing unit (CPU) 6i is connected to a plurality of switch mechanisms, as a data integration and internal function of the complex programmable logic device (CPld) 6. It controls the transmission direction of the signal and uses an asynchronous serial interface (UART) 62 with a plurality of switch mechanisms. It is bridged between the central processing unit (CPU) 61 and the RS232 interface 51 or RS485 interface 52, as a designated communication method and Slave 2 communicates. The asynchronous serial interface (UART) 62 is planned in the complex programmable logic device (cpld) 6. It has at least one asynchronous serial interface (UART). 62. Another serial peripheral interface (SPI) 63 uses its high-speed transmission characteristics to connect between the central processing unit (CPU) 61 and the slave station (Slave) 2. Because the serial peripheral interface (SPI) 63 is synchronous The serial interface is faster than the original asynchronous serial interface (UART) 62. Although the serial peripheral interface (SPI) 63 can transmit a shorter distance than the asynchronous serial interface (UART) 62, The communication card is close to the secondary station (siave) 2 and has a short distance so it is not affected. It is used to increase the transmission rate of the second-stage communication structure 5 and match the transmission rate of the first-stage communication structure 4. As shown in "Figure 4", this is an embodiment of the PR0FIBUS universal communication interface card of the present invention. The complex programmable logic device (CPLD) 6 is matched with a dual in-line pin switch (DIP Switch) 8. The dual in-line pin switch (DIP Switch) 8 can control the data transmission direction of the central processing unit (CPU) 61, so that 11 1224274 data can be selected to the asynchronous serial interface (UART) 62 or to the serial · Peripheral interface (SPI) 63; At the same time can also control asynchronous serial interface (UARO62 output communication interface, RS232 interface 51 and RS485 interface 52 can be selected, the dual in-line pin switch (DIpSwitch) 8 increased The selectivity of the communication interface of pR0FIBus universal communication card A. As shown in "Figure 5", it is another embodiment of pRFIBUS universal communication interface-card of the present invention, which is a complex programmable logic device (CpLD) 6 is equipped with a personal computer (PC) 9, but is different from Figure 4 in that the personal computer (pC) 9 is used for computerization to plan the data transfer direction and asynchronous of the central processing unit (cpu) 61 Output serial interface (UART) 62, Figure 4 uses manual control to call for control. Therefore, the use of computer (PC) control makes the selection of the communication interface of pRFIBUS universal communication interface card A more flexible, and also strengthens its internal security. The "picture" shows another preferred embodiment of the pRoFIBUS universal communication interface card of the present invention. In the foregoing embodiment, the complex programmable logic device (CPLD) 6 only includes a central processing unit (CPU) 61, Asynchronous contention interface (UART) 62 and serial peripheral interface (spi) 63, and this embodiment design pRFIBUS special 1C 7 into complex programmable logic device (cpLD) 6, with dual in-line Pin switch 8 (DIP Switch) 8 can simplify the module architecture on the profibUS universal communication interface card A. [Simplified illustration of the diagram] Figure 1 shows the connection diagram of the PRQj? I BUS communication interface card. = Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a conventional PRFIBUS communication interface card. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a circuit flow of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the general-purpose communication interface card of the present invention. = 5 The second embodiment of the universal communication interface card of the present invention Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the universal communication interface card of the present invention. 12 1224274 [Explanation of Symbols] 1 ... . Master station 2 ........ 畐 1J station (Slave) 3 ........ General PROF I BUS communication interface card 4 ..... first level communication structure 41 ..... PR0FIBUS network 42 ....... Asynchronous _ UART interface driver unit (UART Dr i ver) 5 ......... second-level communication structure 51 ..... RS232 interface 52 ..... RS485 interface 6 ... ........... Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) 61 ....... Central Processing Unit (CPU) 62 ...... ......... Asynchronous Serial Interface (UART) 63 ... Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
7 ..................PR0FIBUS 專用 1C 8 ...........雙列直插式接腳開關（DIP Switch) 9 ....................個人電腦（PC) A..............PROF I BUS泛用通訊介面卡 B....................單晶片80517 .................. 1C for PR0FIBUS 8 ........... DIP Switch 9 ... ....... Personal Computer (PC) A .............. PROF I BUS Universal Communication Interface Card B .... ...... Single chip 8051