TW541384B - Papermaking belt providing improved drying efficiency for cellulosic fibrous structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a papermaking belt comprising two primary elements: a reinforcing structure and pattern layer. The reinforcing structure comprises a web facing first surface of interwoven first machine direction yarns and cross-machine direction yarns, the first surface having an FSI of at least about 68. The reinforcing structure has a machine facing second surface which comprises second machine direction yarns binding only with the cross-machine direction yarns in a N-shed pattern, where N is greater than four, wherein the second machine direction yarns bind only one of the cross-machine direction yarns per repeat. The pattern layer extends outwardly from the first surface, wherein the pattern layer provides a web contacting surface facing outwardly from the first surface, the pattern layer extending at least partially to the second surface.

Description

541384 V. Description of the invention (1) Field of invention The present invention relates to papermaking, especially a belt used in papermaking. The tape of the present invention can reduce energy consumption and improve the drying rate required for thermal drying of paper fibers formed on a three-dimensional tape. Background of the invention

Fibrous fibrous structures, such as paper towels, facial tissues, napkins, and toilet paper, are used in everyday life. The large demand and frequent use of these consumer products has led to the need for improved versions of these products, as well as improvements in their manufacturing methods. These fibrous fibrous structures are manufactured by depositing an aqueous slurry from a pressure tank onto a fourdrinier or twin-net paper machine. Any of these forming nets is a recirculating zone through which the initial dewatering takes place and the fibers are regenerated arrangement. Often, fiber loss occurs as the fiber, along with the liquid carrier, flows from the pressure box through the forming wire. After initially forming a web that later becomes a fibrous fibrous structure, the paper machine transports the web to the dry end of the machine. At the drying end of a conventional machine, before the final drying, a press felt compacts the mesh sheet into a single location, that is, a uniform density and basis weight fibrous fiber structure. The final drying is usually achieved by a heating drum, such as a Yankee drying drum.

A significant improvement in the manufacturing process of the consumer products obtained, one of the significant improvements described above, is the use of through-air drying instead of the conventional pressurized dehydration. In direct air drying, as in pressure ft drying, the web begins in a self-pressurizing tank that receives a consistency of less than one percent (the percentage of fiber contained in the pulp by weight) of the aqueous slurry. The initial dewatering takes place in the forming wire. The mesh is transferred from the forming mesh to an air-permeable through-air drying belt. This wet hair

Page 5 541384 V. Description of the invention (2) ^ Born in a picking shoe (PickuP shoe, referred to as PUS), at this point the mesh can be first molded to the shape of the through air drying belt. Other improvements in the mesh manufacturing process include microporous drying, where drying is driven primarily by capillary attraction and uniform distribution of air flow. It is also called microporous drying, which restricts the through-air drying of the orifice, and it can be used to remove empty precipitation from the mesh. In Zheng Zheng hole drying one t consists of two drying stages. In the first stage, the capillary attraction between the water and the fibers of the mesh is overcome by the capillary suction caused by the vacuum ', which draws water into the microcapillary network of dry capillaries. In the first stage, the fine capillary network of the microporous dry surface finally helps to evenly distribute the air passing through the paper mesh. Intended to be the "quotation" given to Ensign et al. On January 4, 1994, "", ", Xinliu, conferred Gaili No. 5, 27 4, 9 30; and May 1997 On the 6th, the child p · and again (Jie Xun Xun 5, 6, 2 5, 9 6 1; these two patents are incorporated by reference into this s 1 Xun Xing drying efficiency is a question in all pre-drying processes. 5,6 2 5,9 6 patent method, the hot air first °, _ ,, °, for example, described in the passage of paper. The water carried by the drying zone is partially passed through the drying zone by the tomb, and then drying efficiency. The production rate is therefore affected by the smoke ..., 7 ', thereby reducing the water content of the paper sheet 7) ^ In general, the direct air drying is preferably affected by the wet pass. The mesh is dry. During dry transfer, the web is transferred to $ ^ Dry Transfer "

Yankee drying drum for final drying. Oral thermal rollers, such as densified during embossing, to produce a multi-a seek, part of the net J site structure has been widely accepted as a comparative structure. Many of these things will last longer, and further improvements become necessary over time. However, after one search, some nets are better for consumer products. Many of these significant improvements are used to strengthen dreams in the through air-drying belt structure-a kind of resin quality:

541384 One-on-one ^ ----- V. Description of the invention (3) The lipid structure is usually biased and repetitively patterned between the two surfaces, or the dimensional structure that can be achieved by creating a belt. In fact, US patent 4,5 Nos. 1, 4, 528, 239; and 1 9 8 7 mentioned above are all for the purpose of strengthening the type of through products. For example, the Bounty paper towel assignee has strengthened the structure as mentioned above, the cost of strengthening the tape to provide sufficient life of the tape, and the unacceptable strengthening structure is also biased towards the duct. A first surface and a second surface, and extending toward the catheter. The deflection duct provides an area into which the fibers of the mesh can be newly aligned. This configuration allows the drying belt to produce a discrete pattern with any Greek 2 pattern 'instead of just the previous art weaving. Examples of these bands and the resulting fibrous fibers can be found in No. 4,345 granted to Johnson et al. On April 30, 1985, and to Drokhan on July 9, 1985; granted on July 16, 1985 Trokhan No. 4, 529, January 20, 480 was awarded to TTrokhan No. 4, 637, 859. This reference is incorporated herein by reference, showing the preferred construction of the patterned resinous framework and industrial gas drying belts, and the belts made thereon. These belts have been used to produce highly successful commercial products, including Charm in U 1 tr a Toilet paper, both products are produced and sold. And the 'patterned resin-through air-drying belt uses a one-plus structure, preferably an interwoven fabric. The reinforcing structure is preferably rigid, making it durable to papermaking. Insufficient rigidity and damage to the text make it necessary to replace the belt frequently. Replacement belt The cost of paper machine downtime for commercial paper makers. Yes-The supporting fibers are completely biased to the above-mentioned resinous structure to minimize the formation of pinholes in the mesh, for example, and enhance the mesh function. The fiber support has a fiber support index (or F S I) and has been found to use reinforced knots with FSI as low as 40

Page 7 541384 V. Description of Invention (4) Structure. However, to minimize pinhole formation and provide a more uniform mesh surface, it is preferred to have an FSI of at least about 6 8 ◦ As mentioned herein, the fiber support index is based on the Robert L. Beran incorporated herein by reference , NThe Evaluation and Selection of Forming Fabrics 5 Tappi, as defined in April 1979, V〇1.62, No. 4. In addition, the reinforcement structure is ideally to have a low pore volume and thus low water loading. With a low water-bearing reinforcement structure, drying paper mesh sheets may consume more drying energy, and drying through-air drying belts is less expensive. Although the pore volume and water bearing capacity are not completely related, usually the water bearing capacity is inherently limited by the available pore volume. Therefore, to minimize the pore volume of the reinforced structure, it is also necessary to minimize the water bearing capacity. Early through-air drying belts used a single-layer, fine-mesh reinforcement element, typically with about 50 machine directions and 50 cross machine direction yarns per pair. Although such fine meshes are acceptable from the viewpoint of low water loading and controlling fiber bias to the belt (i.e., an acceptable fiber support index as explained below), they cannot withstand the environment of a representative paper machine. Such tapes are so flexible, for example, that destructive folds and creases often occur. Fine yarns do not provide sufficient seam strength and often burn at the high temperatures encountered in papermaking. The new generation of patterned resinous structures and reinforced structures pass through the air-drying zone to address several of these issues. This generation uses a two-layer reinforcement structure with two layers of machine direction yarns. A single cross machine direction yarn system joins the two layer machine direction yarns together. The increased rigidity of the double-layer reinforced structure results in a belt that is far more resistant to the drying process and can withstand the above-mentioned environments of representative paper machines. However, due to the nature of the weave, the thickness of the paper strip and the pore volume increase.

Page 8 541384 V. Description of the invention (5). Addition, as a result of which the belt carries much more water through the drying process, which results in a little drying inefficiency during papermaking. Moreover, due to the weave pattern on the top layer, the double-layer reinforcement structure does not always provide sufficient fiber support (ie, an unacceptable fiber support index as explained below), resulting in undesirable paper characteristics, including minimal pinholes development of. People have successfully developed three-layer reinforcement structures. The three-layer belt is basically a one- or two-layer structure. Each layer contains machine-direction yarns and cross-machine-direction yarns (that is, warp and weft yarns). In the preferred embodiment, the top layer (ie, facing the mesh layer) is a square weave. The use of a square weave to face the mesh layer provides improved fiber support and increases the rigidity of the tape compared to a double layer tape. However, the pore & volume is higher than the double-layer belt, resulting in a high water-bearing through-air drying belt. Moreover, the high water content during processing results in additional energy costs for drying the paper web. The preferred three-layer zone is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,49 6, 6 2 4 f issued to Stelljes et al. On March 5, 1996; and granted to Drokh a η et al. On March 19, 1996. No. 5,5 OO, 2 7 7; both patents are incorporated herein by reference. Therefore, the multilayer structure provides sufficient tape rigidity and can provide sufficient fiber support, but it usually contains a high pore volume within the tape, which results in a high water-carrying capacity. This water content increases the overall drying requirements of the papermaking process. Belt-carrying water reduces the efficiency of the through-air drying process, especially when heated air is generally subjected to microporous drying with carrier water before drying the paper mesh. A significant amount of energy is expended before or during drying of the paper web to remove water trapped in the interstitial pore volume of the belt. Weaving more yarns per inch in the same pattern, using a single layer of reinforcing structure, using smaller diameter monofilaments in the weave, or a combination of the above, can be used to make

Page 9 541384 V. Description of the invention (6) With the bearing water, the problem of inefficient drying is the least. For example, the fine mesh single layer structure may be low water bearing due to its low thickness and minimum pore volume. However, as mentioned above, these structures are not strong enough for commercial papermaking. Due to its relatively poor rigidity, it generally cannot withstand the environment of a typical paper machine. Without a certain minimum amount of rigidity, the belt will shrink or bend, causing destructive folds and creases to occur at many points on its continuous path during papermaking. Frequent bending, kinking, and local deflection can quickly lead to premature failure of the belt. The double-layer structure provides sufficient rigidity, which results in increased belt life, and is actually used for commercial paper production today. However, as mentioned earlier, the double-layered belt will have a relatively large pore volume within the reinforced structure, thereby carrying an excessive amount of water through the drying process. Excessive amounts of water may limit the drying rate and contribute to the overall energy cost associated with drying. Three-layer and other multi-layer configurations also exhibit high water-bearing reinforcement structures. As a result, previous techniques required a compromise between low pore volume (for low water-carrying capacity) and flexural rigidity (for long belt life). In addition, the prior art requires a compromise between high open areas (for better direct air drying) and the fine mesh top texture of the reinforcing structure (forming a single plane facing the surface of the mesh for better fiber support). The above-mentioned methods have not completely succeeded in achieving an appropriate balance between the pore volume, fiber support, and belt rigidity. Obviously, another method is still necessary. It is necessary to recognize that mesh-oriented yarns should provide maximum fiber support, while machine-oriented yarns should be configured to provide sufficient stiffness for tape life, while only minimally affecting the overall pore volume.

Page 10 541384 V. Description of the invention (7) Therefore, it is suitable to provide a papermaking belt, which can reduce the energy consumption in the papermaking process. In addition, it is desirable to provide a patterned resin-through air-drying papermaking belt that overcomes the tradeoffs of the life of the prior art belts and reduces the water-carrying capacity. In addition, it is desirable to provide an improved patterned resin-through air-drying belt with sufficient fiber support to minimize the formation of pinholes in paper mesh, low water-carrying capacity, and sufficient durability to withstand the severe conditions of commercial papermaking. . Moreover, it would be desirable to provide a patterned resinous through-air drying belt with energy efficiency that produces a consumer product that is aesthetically acceptable and includes a fibrous fiber structure. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a papermaking belt comprising two main components: a reinforcing structure and a pattern layer. The reinforcing structure includes a first surface of the mesh interlaced with a first machine direction yarn and a cross machine direction yarn, the first surface having F S I of at least about 6 8. The reinforcing structure has a second surface facing the machine and includes a first machine direction yarn that is combined with a cross machine direction yarn to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than four, wherein each repeat of the first machine direction yarn only binds the cross direction. The more machine direction one of the yarns. The pattern layer extends outward from the first surface, wherein the pattern layer provides a mesh contact surface facing outward from the first surface, and the pattern layer extends at least partially to the second surface. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a top plan view, partially in section, showing a tape having first and second machine direction yarns according to the present invention.

Page 11 541384 V. Description of the invention (8) Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1, and the pattern layer has been removed for clarity. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1, and the pattern layer portion has been removed for clarity. Figure 4 is a representative graph of the output of the bending stiffness test. Figure 5 is a representative graph of the linear regression line produced by the bending stiffness test. Figure 6 is a representative graph of the force-displacement curve of the sample tested in the stiffness test of the gangway. For a detailed description of the invention, please refer to FIGS. 1-3. The belt 10 of the present invention is preferably an endless belt and can accommodate fibrous fibers discharged from the pressure box or a net carrying a fibrous fiber to a drying device. It is generally a heating drum, such as a Yankee drying drum (not shown). Therefore, the endless belt 10 can be executed as a forming net, a belt for the crescent forming device, a felt, a through air drying belt, or a restricted opening through the air drying belt. The belt 10 is preferably a patterned resin-through air-drying belt, which can be used in paper-through air-drying operations to reduce dehydration energy costs. The belt 10 of the present invention includes two main components: a reinforcing structure 12 and a pattern layer 30. The reinforcing structure 12 is a structure composed of interlaced first machine direction (F MD) yarns 1 2 0, first machine direction yarn (SMD) 2 2 0, and cross machine direction (CD) yarns 1 22 . The first machine direction yarn 120 and the cross machine direction yarn 1 2 2 form a first surface 16 facing the mesh. The second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 and the cross direction yarn 1 2 2 form a second surface 18 facing the machine.

Page 12 541384 V. Description of the invention (9) ~ '' -------- The patterned resinous tape 10 has two opposite surfaces, and a mesh contact surface 40 is arranged outwardly of the pattern layer 30 Surface, and, opposite back 4 4 2. The mesh contact surface 40 may also be referred to as a mesh facing surface. During the papermaking operation, the back surface 42 of the belt 10 contacts the paper machine and can therefore be referred to as the machine-facing surface of the papermaking belt. Paper machines (not shown) include vacuum pickup shoes, vacuum boxes, various rolls, and the like. The Φ pattern layer 30 is cast from a photosensitive resin as described more fully in the aforementioned patent incorporated herein by reference. A preferred method for applying the photosensitive resin-forming pattern layer 30 to the reinforcing structure 12 in a desired pattern is to coat the reinforcing layer with a photosensitive resin in a liquid form. Actinic wheel firing with the maturation characteristics of the activated wavelength matching resin, which illuminates the liquid photosensitive resin through a mask with transparent and opaque parts. Actinic radiation passes through the transparent part, and the resin curing agent under it is cured into a desired pattern. The liquid resin masked by the opaque portion of the mask is not matured, i.e., it remains as a liquid and is washed off, leaving the conduit 44 in the pattern layer 30.

As referred to herein, "yarn 1 00" is generally and includes a first machine direction yarn 1 2 0 of a first surface 丨 6 a second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 of a surface 8 and a cross The more machine-oriented yarn 22, which occupies part of the first and second surfaces. The term "machine direction" refers to the direction parallel to the main flow of the paper web passing through the papermaking device. "Crossing the machine direction" is perpendicular to the machine direction and lies in the plane of the belt 10. It faces the first surface of the web 丨6 ”,“ knot ”is the intersection of a machine direction yarn 1 2 0 or 2 2 0 and a machine direction yarn 1 2 2. The & mouth is the minimum number of yarns 100 necessary to make repeating units in the main direction of the yarn 100 under consideration.

Page 13 541384 V. Description of the Invention In an embodiment of the present invention, the first machine-direction yarn 1 2 0 on the first surface 16 is woven with the machine-direction yarn 1 2 2 so that Has an FSI of at least about 68, more preferably at least about 80, and most preferably at least about 95. The second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 is combined with the cross machine direction yarn 1 2 2 into an N shed pattern, where N > 4. In a more preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-3, the first surface 16 may be a 2-shed square weave, and the machine-facing surface 18 may be an 8-shed pattern. As shown, the machine direction yarns 2 2 0 are placed in a repeating pattern below the 7 cross direction yarns 1 2 2 and the top cross direction yarns. The machine direction is also referred to as " warp yarn 11 " and the second machine direction yarn f thread 120 of the present invention is also referred to as a π warp yarn runner. Due to the long extension or "back relief" 20 is used on the machine-facing surface 18 For the reinforcement structure, the reinforcement structure of the present invention can also be referred to as a π warp runner. "In the belt reinforcement structure of the present invention, a square weave is used on the first surface 16 of the warp runner reinforcement structure to control the paper The deflection of the duct 44 (as explained more fully below) and maintain paper quality, such as reduced pinholes. Furthermore, the second machine-facing surface 18 has a first machine-direction yarn 2 2 0 and a relatively long back The embossed pattern, that is, each repeated uninterrupted stretch of at least 4 across the machine direction yarn 1 2 2 to reduce the belt thickness and pore volume. Although the machine direction yarns 1 2 0 and 2 2 0 are shown in a vertical stack • The configuration of the reinforced structure is not meant to be so restricted. The machine direction yarns can be stacked vertically as shown in the figure, especially when the reinforced structure is manufactured, but when used, it can actually be exemplified Change location Although the structure of the warp flow passage reinforcement described above is compared with the existing double-layer belt

Page 14 541384 ^ — ~~ --- V. Description of the invention (π) The thickness f and its supplier of reduced water bearing capacity]; paper is not enough ... This is because the entire belt: 1 dryer Contact surface floating pattern 2. ‘Scratched directly against machinery, such as a vacuum box. The meniscus and manuscripts were relatively quickly scratched and worn down to the point of failure, and the entire belt failed. In addition, the long uninterrupted back surface relief reduces the connection point of weaving: ^ Dangerous or "Quality thin", because the fabric is easy to handle '·: or if "= to be distorted by its own weight. Thin It is explained as the ability of γ to undergo shear deformation when shearing from the same plane to the plane. Too high advancement of thinness results in the failure of the belt in the early stage of commercial papermaking. The rate is satisfactory. A resin pattern layer 30 is The reinforcing structure 12 is formed to form the tape 10, which can greatly improve the durability. The pattern layer 3G penetrates the reinforcing structure 12 and the double mask with opaque sections and transparent sections is irradiated with liquid two. Wide: Take 1 as any desired picture. The curing resin f shows the nature and reduces the quality and thinness, which all increase the durability of the belt 10. The belt = = because of the cast resin on the surface of the reinforcing structure that faces the mesh. It is increased and increased. The resin provides a durable abrasion surface 'on the belt 1 0 ^ abrasion resistance. The 7th King and the resin pattern of the belt 10 may further include a mesh f surface 40 extending from the belt 10 and flow with it.通通 的 管 44。 Connected in the papermaking operation,

The tube 44 allows the fibrous fibers to be deflected perpendicular to the plane of the belt 10. τ, V As shown in the figure, if a substantially continuous pattern layer 30 is selected, it is always a knife stand. Otherwise, the pattern layer 30 may be discrete, and the duct 44 may be substantially continuous. It is easy for those skilled in this art to imagine such a configuration, such as

Page 15 541384 V. Description of the invention (12) Those illustrated in Figure 1. In Figure 4 of the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 4,514,345, issued to j 〇hns 〇n et al., And incorporated herein by reference, an example of this having an eight-dimensional pattern layer 30 and a substantially continuous conduit 44 is illustrated. Configuration. Other examples of knife pattern layer configurations include semi-continuous patterns such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,7 1 4,0 41 to Ayers et al. And U.S. Patent No. 5 to Rasch et al. As disclosed in No. 431,786, the obstetrician can distinguish the configuration of large-scale patterns visually. Both patents are incorporated herein by reference. The belt of the present invention can also be formed as a number of zones with different resistances, such as in Wu Guo Patent No. 5, 5 0 3, 7 1 5 granted to Trokh an et al. And incorporated herein by reference. reveal. The belts, patterns, and configurations of the present invention can be used; the listed list is meant to be illustrative, not limiting. Of course, please also recognize, you can also choose any group of discrete and continuous patterns :. As explained above, in addition to the resinous pattern applied to the woven monofilament, the tape of the present invention may further include a dewatering felt layer. Applying a kind of :: this kind of photosensitive resin to a substrate, such as a paper-making method: disclosed in May 1997 under 1 u 1 thousand Λ 1 d day branch Yu Ding Rokhan et al. American straight profit No. 5, 6 2 9, 0 5 2; and October 7, 1979 α V am I:,, 1¾ special ,, m cow 11] to McFarland and others Xi Wu National Patent No. 5, 6 74, 66 No. 3, 嗲-搞-仏 文 * 土, the mouth of the system is unequally disclosed and incorporated herein. The amount of overload and the comparable diameter of the mesh leaves in the reinforced structure reduce the patterned resin straight through band made by the present invention, and the paper thickness (thick yield) is low.> 4 士 # *, I Gong Kong Qian is only due to the drama & Overload " refers to the amount of if's thickness, if added by Wei Zhi, that is, the distance between the contact surface and the mesh 40.诘 +. G r ^, Qian Mian 4 6 The thickened structure paper used in the Ming Dynasty produces thick edible wool ^ 7 degrees. One kind of invention

Page 16

541384 V. Description of the invention (13) It is preferable to use the patterned resinous tape of the current double-layer reinforced structure to reduce the thickness of the paper sheet by at least about 25%. Of course, as disclosed in more detail below, the thickness depends on the diameter and mesh count of the component yarn filaments. The lower sheet thickness of the tape according to the present invention, together with the better texture pattern of the reinforcing structure below, helps to have a belt with a low void volume, acceptable rigidity, and a high FS I. The low void volume and low sheet thickness also have Helps related benefits of low water carrying capacity, thereby increasing drying efficiency and reducing energy costs. Therefore, a pattern layer is cast to the reinforcing structure 12 to form the durable, commercially viable belt 10 of the present invention. The belt 10 provides reduced energy consumption in the papermaking process because it overcomes the prior art trade-off of belt life and reduced water carrying capacity. Importantly, because of its high FSI, the belt 10 also produces a consumer product that is aesthetically acceptable and includes a fibrous fiber structure. The detailed disclosure and intent of the preferred embodiment are described below. Strength structure Figure 1-3 shows a preferred reinforcement structure of the present invention. The first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns 1 2 0, 1 2 2 are interwoven to a first surface 16 facing the mesh. As shown in the figure, the first surface 16 preferably has a square weave pattern, one above and one below. The yarns 1 2 0 and 1 2 including the first machine direction and the cross machine direction of the first surface 16 are preferably practically transparent to actinic radiation. If the actinic radiation can pass through the maximum cross-sectional dimensions of the yarns 1 2 0 and 1 2 2 in a direction approximately perpendicular to the plane of the belt 10 and is still sufficient to ripen the photosensitive resin underneath, the yarns 1 2 0 and 1 22 is considered to be practically transparent. The second machine on the opposite surface of the reinforcing structure, also known as the π warp runner

Page 17 541384 V. Description of the invention (M) Orientation yarn 2 2 〇, the machine direction yarn is interwoven to a machine-facing second surface 18, combined with the nuclear machine direction yarn edge j122 to form a ^^ shed pattern, where N > 4. The second combination is to form an uninterrupted back embossment between each repetition and a cross-machine direction yarn 122 knot that can be equal. All components yarn brigade 1 2 2 is preferably straight. In a preferred embodiment, the cross-machine side yarn yarn 2 2 0 (if the latter is greater than the first machine direction yarn 120 and the second machine direction line 12 0 and 220 can use yarn with circular cross section). For example, the machine direction yarn 122 may be a straight warp of 0. 15-0.22 mm, and a yarn 100 crossing the machine direction may have a diameter of 0. 17-0. 28 mm. In the preferred embodiment, " 'is made of a polymeric material. In particular, poly / vinyl acetate is used in, for example: machine direction yarn 120 and cross direction yarn 122: cw for oblique use is made of Pylon (ethylene terephthalate) (PEE), it is practical " The actinic radiation of the curing layer 30 is transparent. If the actinic radiation ^ umbrella is approximately perpendicular to the direction of the plane of the belt 10 through the maximum nj plane size of the yarn 120, 122 'and still sufficient to mature the photosensitive resin below it, the line 1 2 0, 1 2 2 is considered to be actually transparent. The reinforced structure carrying the present invention has a relatively low pore volume, which is therefore a low water bearing%. The reinforced structure is carried with low water. Drying the paper mesh may consume more drying. tt ΐ > The air-through drying belt is less costly to dry. Although the pore volume and ... are all related, usually the water bearing capacity inherently uses u: m 1, which minimizes the pore volume of the reinforced structure. The capacity is the least. The representative pore volume of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown below in Table 1. Regarding the additional 'marked N' normalized pore volume, it is-available for feature description. 541384 V. Description of the invention (15) Pore volume The number of dimensions used. Ng is the pore volume per unit area divided by the maximum raised cross-sectional size of the largest MD filament, such as the diameter of the circular cross-section of the woven reinforcement structure. The reinforcement structure of the present invention has 1 \ less than About 2.8, more preferably less than about 2.4, and most preferably less than about 2.0. Opaque yarns can be used to cover the reinforcing structure between these opaque yarns and the back 4 of the belt 1 2 1 2 Part to create a back texture. In the present invention, the second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 of the first surface 18 can be coated, for example, by the outer surface of such yarns, or by adding fillers such as carbon black or titanium dioxide. It is made opaque. In a preferred embodiment, the second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 is made of polyester (PET) or polyamide. Depending on the specific pattern casting, the first machine direction yarn 1 20 and cross-direction yarns 1 2 2 are preferably not too different from each other in size, so avoid instability. It is normally the same size, but if different materials are selected, different sizes can be used to compensate for different Of material properties.

An important feature of the reinforcing structure of the present invention is the high fiber support as indicated by its high fiber support index (F S I). π high fiber support π means that the reinforcing structure of the present invention has F S I of at least about 6 8. As referred to herein, F S I is defined by Robert L. Beran, n The Evaluation and Selection of Forming Fabrics j " Tapp i April 1979, Vo 1.62, No. 4 incorporated by reference. The FSI is at least about 68, allowing the supporting papermaking fiber to be fully biased toward the duct 44 and not allowed to be blown away through the belt 10. Therefore, the yarns 1 2 0, 1 2 2 of the first surface 16 are preferably interwoven into N and N.

Page 19 541384 V. Description of the invention (16) Weaving pattern below, where Na.

^, Temple in positive integers, 丨, 2, 3 ... A better weaving pattern that achieves a high FSI is: Λ Penalty gate Γ 〇1 _ R There is a .1, that is, a 2 shuttle pi pattern, and a square weave with a high mesh count. Approximately 45x49 mesh count; Gaussian usually, ^ mouth: N + 1). In a 2 shed yarn 12 2), in the present invention (machine direction, V line 120 × cross machine direction ^, ρ Θ of the embodiment of the belt 10, is a kind of first surface 1 The current preferred configuration of 6. 4 diameter t, younger cousin Λ mesh-Γ 浐 Zanxi 9 栌 This weaving pattern shows an FSI of about 95. It is also installed in the 2 shed map of Megumi Che Fujia. I would like to count about 34X 3 7 mesh counts in other cases, which are in the shape of _1 Dutch twill, including, for example, "Dutch twill fabric" 'ren. Approx. 6 8 can be used to face _ u ^ force jlP M, ^ a ^, and cymbal one surface 16. N is the texture of the bottom, of which N-direction yarn 2 2 0 can be interwoven into a 1 on the long back Relief 20 0. A positive integer that is greater than four to provide one (5 sheds to 13 sheds); _ seed soil, ^ wen is 1 above and between 4 and 12 below (6 shed to 10 shed); and one, the weave pattern is between 1 on the top and 5 and 9 on the bottom). Not bound by theory, such as the best texture is 1 on the top and 7 on the bottom (8 shuttles will be shorter back relief, 0 ^ fruit 2 is selected to be less than five, the results are strong, and the increased pore volume /, Provide less first surface machine direction plus the first surface 16 should have multiple and 1 soil line 1 22 to provide enough fiber to convict the cross machine direction yarn direction yarn direction 2 2 0 usually with a Frequency ^ ^ ° Occurs with the second machine line 120 of the second surface 18, and the machine direction yarn holder who maintains the seam to fit the first surface 16 imagines that the first machine direction yarn is greener and improves the belt rigidity. However , I yarn 1 2 0 occurs, for example, the ratio of 20 can be a frequency less than the machine direction • 2 ratio, resulting in all other first 541384 V. Description of the invention (17) Machine direction yarn 1 2 0 has a pair of 庵 # I would like to strengthen the structure: brother-machine direction yarn 22 0. The pattern can have a variety of different "\ Brother II's N-shed textured yarn picking order facing the surface of the machine", the term, tie = yarn picking order "In any order." When wefting the filaments in the warp direction, on the loom; Move and lay the fabric across the fabric. As shown in Figure 2, the machine direction warp filaments are used to weave 7, 2, 5, 8, 3, 6 and the warp picking order can be 丨, 4 The increase of picking order means the picking order of warp yarns in the amount of ^ 3. The difference between the values of the warp yarns. For: definite :: combined: order of the two consecutive warp yarns), the incremental picking order of the warp yarns is white. ^ Picking order (as determined in Figure 1. Can be used in conjunction with alternative weaves, similar to patterns, picking with other warp yarns) spraying order without departing from the present invention; weaving yarn picking order is 1 9 8 0 Trokhan was granted on March 4th, 2014, and has been reviewed and discussed in more detail in US Patent No. 4: 191,609. Contrary to the limited number of weaving patterns defined by Xianli Technology, the stabilizing effect of the pattern layer 30 reduces the thinness of the fabric, and allows the use of a high shed pattern on the second surface, and its inherently low paper thickness. And low pore volume. This is because once the casting is completed and throughout the paper manufacturing process, the pattern layer 30 stabilizes the first surface 16 relative to the second surface 8. Therefore, it is believed that a shed 10 shed, or a larger pattern, may be used for facing the second surface 18 of the machine. According to the reinforcing structure 12 of the present invention, sufficient air flow should be allowed to be perpendicular to the plane of the reinforcing structure 12. The reinforcing structure 12 preferably has an air permeability of at least 800 standard cubic feet per minute per square foot, preferably at least 850,000 standard cubic feet per minute per square foot, and more preferably at least 900 standard cubic feet per minute per minute. square

Page 21 541384 V. Description of the invention (18) ft. In some cases, such as when using a restricted orifice to dry, you can use a more: transparent: rate to strengthen the structure with acceptable results. Without being bound by theory ', this will allow the use of a higher mesh meter t, which will increase FSI and reduce pore volume. I would like to reach an FSI of 80, or even 9 5 in this way. Of course, depending on the particular pattern selected. The pattern layer 30 will reduce the air permeability of the belt 10.透气 The air permeability of the reinforced structure 1 2 is under tension 丨 5 pounds per linear inch, use

Valmet Company 0f Helsmki, Flnland's Valmet Permeability Measurement Device was measured at a differential pressure of 100 Pascals. If any part of the reinforcing structure 12 meets the above-mentioned air permeability restrictions, the entire reinforcing structure 2 is deemed to comply with these restrictions. In yet another embodiment, the reinforcing structure 12 may further include a so-called pressure gauge, such as the one used in conventional papermaking with no direct air drying. In this embodiment, the component yarns need not be transparent to actinic radiation. For example, US Patent No. 5, 5 5 6, 5 0 9 granted to Trokhan et al. On September 17, 1996, and 5,580 to Ampulski et al. On December 3, 1996 No. 423; No. 5, 6 0 9, 72 5 awarded to Phan on March 11, 1997; No. 5,629, 052 awarded to Trokhan et al. On May 13, 1997; 1 June 1997. As explained in No. 5, 637, 194 granted to Ampulski et al. And No. 5, 6 7 4, 6 6 3 issued to McFarland et al. On October 7, 1997, the pattern layer 30 can be applied to mature reinforcement structures 12. The disclosures of the above patents are incorporated herein by reference. Pattern layer As explained above and in the aforementioned patents incorporated herein by reference, the pattern layer 30 is cast from a photosensitive resin.

Page 22 541384 V. Description of the invention (19) The pattern layer 30 is preferably the first from the north of the reinforced structure and exceeds the first from the reinforced structure 12—Table = Face 42 of the—Chuan, passing through and from the top surface 4 6 outward Extend a distance. The pattern layer 30 is also about 0.1 mm (1.3 mm), and more preferably == 〇1 inch (0.0 mm) at 0.030. When the distance perpendicular to and beyond the first table is about 0.002 to about 200, the size usually increases when the pattern becomes thicker. (Overload) the pattern layer 3. , Heart ::! The layer 30 defines a predetermined pattern, which is printed on the same pattern-to ‘two = paper. A particularly preferred pattern for the "drying" drawing layer 30 for use in the drying section of a paper machine is a substantially continuous, continuous pattern. If a better substantially continuous network pattern is selected for the pattern layer 30, The discrete deflection duct 44 will extend between the first surface and the second surface of the belt 10. A substantially continuous network surrounds and defines the deflection duct 44. The pattern layer 30 of the belt 10 of the present invention may also be discontinuous Or semi-continuous patterns. For example, a pattern layer may be applied as explained in U.S. Patent No. 5,714,041, commonly assigned to Ayers et al. On February 3, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference. i As disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,5 1 4,3 4 5 issued to Johnson et al. on April 30, 985, the use of the belt 10 'of the present invention in forming sections of a paper machine as a forming net can be The non-bin pattern layer is especially used. This patent is incorporated herein by reference. According to the present invention, this is often taken as 1 U: ¾: Watch Feng Zao howling, one defines its χ-γ direction. With Z-direction of 10 Perpendicular to the X-γ direction and the papermaking belt 10. Similarly, paper made from the belt according to the present invention It can be regarded as macro-T-,,,, _ > person VV, Ding, π Λ.. Η VII * 士 r Gongmu in X-Υ direction and papermaking belt 10 macroscopically is a single plane. Papermaking belt 10 plane ______ _ _. The plane of xr ^ Vr ^ m λ C \. Similarly, the paper made from the tape according to the present invention is a single plane and located on the X-γ plane. The ζ-direction of the paper is perpendicular to χ —Γ direction and plane of paper.

Page 23 541384 V. Description of the invention (20) The first surface 40 of the belt 10 contacts the paper carried thereon. During papermaking, the first surface 40 of the belt 10 can be embossed with a pattern corresponding to the pattern of the pattern layer 30. The first or rabbit face 42 of flO is the machine contact surface with 10. The back surface 42 may be formed as a channeled back network, which is different from the deflection duct 44. The channel is on the back of the belt 10, and the texture on its second surface provides unevenness. The channel allows air to leak in the X-Y plane of the belt 10, which leakage does not necessarily flow in the Z-direction through the deflection duct 44 of the belt 10. The band 10 according to the present invention can be made in accordance with any commonly assigned U.S. patents: No. 4,514, 345 granted to John son et al. On April 30, 1985; No. 4, 528 granted to Trokhan on July 9, 1985 No. 239; No. 5,098,522, awarded on March 24, 1992; No. 5,260,171, awarded to Smurkoski et al. On November 9, 1993; and No. 5, Trokhan, granted on January 4, 1994, No. 275, 700; No. 5, 328, 565 awarded to Rasch et al. On July 12, 1994; No. 5, 334, 2 8 9 to Trokhan et al. On August 2, 1994; July 11, 1995 No. 5,431,786 to Rasch et al .; No. 5,496,624 to Stelljes, Jr. 0 et al. On March 5, 1996; No. 5, 496, 624 to Drokh an et al. On March 19, 1996 No. 5,500, 277; No. 5,514, 523 awarded to Trokh an et al. On May 7, 1996; No. 5, 5 54, 46 7 to Trokhan et al. On September 10, 1996; 1 9 9 6 No. 5, 566, 724 to Trokhan et al. On October 22, 1997; No. 5, 624, 790 to Trokhan et al. On April 29, 1997; and No. 5 to Ayers et al. On May 13, 1997 No. 628, 876, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Example f of the preferred embodiment

Page 24 541384 V. Description of the invention (21) The following describes two examples of the present invention, Invention I and Invention I I. The important features are shown in Table 1 below.

Invention I Invention I includes a reinforcing structure having a polyester first machine direction and a cross machine direction yarn 1 2 0, 1 2 2. The yarns 1 2 0 and 1 2 2 have a generally circular cross section, with nominal diameters of 0.1 15 mm and 0.20 mm, respectively, and are interwoven into a square weave pattern of one above and one below to form a 2 Shed first surface 16. The first machine direction including the first surface 16 and the cross machine direction yarns 1 2 0, 1 2 2 are actually transparent to the actinic radiation used to mature the pattern layer 30. The second machine direction yarns 2 2 0 are interwoven to face the first surface of the machine 1 8 in increments of the warp picking order of 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, 5, 3, 6 and three of the warp picking order, each Repeat once and combine with the cross-machine direction yarn 1 2 2 to form an 8-shed pattern. A second machine-direction yarn 2 2 0 having a substantially circular cross-section and a nominal diameter of 0.1 15 mm is combined with a cross-machine-direction yarn 1 2 2 every repetition. The second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 is made of carbon black-containing polyester, which is opaque to actinic radiation. Has an opaque second surface filament that allows higher pre-cure energy (actinic radiation) and better adhesion (locking) of the resin to the reinforcing structure while maintaining sufficient back leakage. The yarn forms the first surface 16 and is woven into a square weave of a first machine direction yarn 1 2 0 with a mesh count of 4 5 per hour and a 4 9 cross direction yarn 1 2 2 per inch. The second machine-direction yarn 2 2 0 of the second surface 18 is woven at 45 threads per inch, corresponding to the first machine-direction yarn 1 2 0. Invention I provides a structure having acceptable rigidity and F S I 9 5. hair

Page 25 541384 V. Description of the invention (22) The reinforced structure 12 of Ming I, its overall thickness (汍: $ degree) is 0 · 0 18 inches (18 mils), the pore volume is 0.013 cubic inches, sheep square And NG (normalized pore volume) is about 2.2, and CD rigidity is 9.2 Ogf * cm2 / cm. These parameters, namely rigidity, F S I, paper thickness, and pore volume, were measured by the test methods described below and unexpectedly outperformed the prior art belts. Normalized pore volume is calculated by dividing the pore volume per unit area by the convex cross-sectional size of the largest MD filament of the woven reinforcement structure, such as the diameter of a circular cross-section. For comparison purposes, Table 1 below shows alternative tape designs including these parameters for the present invention. Due to its similar mesh count and filament diameter, Invention I should be compared with single-layer I, double-layer I, and triple-layer I-belt designs.

Invention I I Invention I I includes a reinforced structure with a polyester first machine direction and a cross machine direction yarn 1 2 0, 1 2 2. Yarns 1 2 0 and 1 2 2 have a generally circular cross section, with nominal diameters of 0.22 mm and 0.28 mm, respectively, and are interwoven into a square weave pattern of one above and one below to form a 2 Shed first surface 16. The first machine direction including the first surface 16 and the cross machine direction yarns 1 2 0, 1 2 2 are actually transparent to the actinic radiation used to mature the pattern layer 30. The second machine direction yarns 2 2 0 are interwoven to face the first surface of the machine 1 8 in increments of the warp picking order of 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, 5, 3, 6 and three of the warp picking order, each Repeat once and combine with the cross-machine direction yarn 1 2 2 to form an 8-shed pattern. A second machine-direction yarn 2 2 0 having a generally circular cross-section with a nominal diameter of 0,22 mm is repeated with each crossing

Page 26 541384 V. Description of the invention (23) Machine direction yarn 1 2 2 combination. The second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 is made of carbon black-containing polyester, which is opaque to actinic radiation. Has an opaque second surface filament that allows higher pre-cure energy (actinic radiation) and better adhesion (locking) of the resin to the reinforcing structure while maintaining sufficient back leakage. The yarn forms the first surface 16 and is woven into a square weave with a mesh count of 3 4 in the first machine direction 1 2 0 and a yarn of 1 2 2 in the transverse direction 3 7 per inch. The second machine direction yarn 2 2 0 of the second surface 18 is woven at 34 yarns per inch, corresponding to the first machine direction yarn 1 2 0. Invention I I provides a structure having acceptable rigidity and FSI 72. Reinforcement Structure 12 of Invention I, with an overall thickness (paper thickness) of 0.027 inches (27 mils), a pore volume of 0.013 cubic feet per square inch, and NG (normalized pore volume) About 2.0. These parameters, namely rigidity, F S I, sheet thickness, and pore volume, are measured by the test methods described below, and are unexpectedly superior to the prior art bands. The normalized pore volume is calculated by dividing the pore volume per unit area by the convex section size of the largest MD filament of the woven reinforcement structure, such as the diameter of a circular section. For comparison purposes, Table 1 below shows alternative band designs, including these parameters for the present invention. For comparison purposes, the invention II is designed to be comparable to a double-layer II band design.

Page 27 541384 V. Description of the invention (24) Table 1: Comparison of reinforced structure Mesh count of reinforced structure Back surface embossed filament diameter Pore volume Normalized pore volume Paper thickness CD Rigid FSI (Yarn / in2) CD Yarn number (mm) (in3 / in2) ng (mils) (gPcmVc m) Single layer I 52x52 (MDx CD) 1 MD: 0.15 CD: 0.15 0.0089 1.5 12 4.46 104 Double layer I (2x48) x 52 ((2 x MD) x CD) 3 1st MD: 0.15 2nd MD: 0.15 CD: 0.18 0.0182 3.0 24 6.96 67 Double-layer II (2x35) x 30 ((2 x MD) x CD) 3 1st MD: 0.22 2nd MD: 0.22 CD: 0.28 0.0282 3.3 36 21.1 43 Three-layer I 4.5x48 / 45x24 (MDx CD) / (M DxCD) 1 1st MD: 0.15 1st CD: 0.15 2nd MD: 0.15 2nd CD: 0.20 0.0186 3.1 26 17.55 94 Invention I ( 2x45) x 49 ((2 x MD) x CD) 7 1st MD: 0.15 2nd MD: 0.15 CD: 0.20 0.0130 2.2 18 9.20 95 Invention II (2x3 4) x 37 ((2 x MD) x CD) 7 1 MD: 0.22 2nd MD: 0.22 CD: 0.28 0.0173 2.0 26.6 22.62 72 < »

11 541384 V. Description of the invention (25) As can be seen from the information shown in Table 1, a single-layer design has = F SI and the minimum pore volume, including normalized pore volume, thereby improving / enhancing the drying efficiency. However, its relatively low rigidity contributes to its long life in papermaking. The two-layer and two-layer designs have high rigidity, but the very high pore volume f includes normalized pore volume and relatively high thickness, which makes its water bearing capacity high and therefore reduces drying efficiency. The three layers produce the highest relative rigidity and #good FS I ′ and also have a high pore volume, normalized pore volume, and high paper thickness, resulting in a high water-carrying capacity and therefore low drying efficiency. The structures of the two embodiments of the present invention all unexpectedly provide very good rigidity (second only to the second layer belt), very good F s 丨, low pore volume, and paper thickness. It is important that the reinforced structures of Invention I and Invention π both have normalized pore volumes close to 2 · 0, which approach the normalized pore volume of a single-layer design. Therefore, the structure of the present invention, when formed into a patterned resinous papermaking belt ', provides a low-water bearing papermaking belt having good durability, excellent fiber support, and improved spider rate. method

The stiffness of the reinforced structure is measured using a pure bending test to determine the bending stiffness using a KES-FB2 pure bending tester. Pure Bend Tester ❶ Instrument. The unit is designed to measure the basic mechanical properties of fabrics, nonwovens, paper and other film-like materials and is available from Kat〇 Tekko Co.

Ltd., Kyoto, Japan.

Page 541 384

Special health is important for assessing and strengthening the structure, and is a valuable source for the supply of energy. KES-FB2 was measured using the cantilever method in the past ^ ^ ^ ^ νί4. ^ j 5 is an instrument for pure bending testing. Unlike the county method, this instrument has a special feature. The entire reinforced structure is too rigid; "Fixed abundance; ^,% ^ Μ —» The horn is accurately bent, and the curvature of the horn is continuously changed. &Amp; 7. ^^ ^ .. 6χ This visibility is indicated by a Starrett dial The vernier m is measured to the tolerance .oow. The sample width is converted to centimeter planes to identify; = one (, to two pieces? The surface and the second (machine-facing) table cause the sample to be closed, and the sample is reset. At the side of KEs-m's lost claws, the heart will be hearted; ί broken words, the side of the paper sheet undergoes tension, not the right side of the sheet, and the first I. In the orientation of KES-FB2, the first surface is facing a distance of 1 cm " The face is swinging to the left. The first / sample between the front movable jaw and the rear fixed jaw is fixed to the instrument in the following manner. Sample to two: =, the rear fixed head is opened to accommodate the sample. Top and Lower butterfly snail i Λ = middle of the top and bottom. Then tighten the clamping chuck evenly. Rand 1 closes to the sample with f, but does not close tightly to close the hind paw. The sample is adjusted = 4 closed in a similar manner. Tighten the clip on the front IM head to ensure holding the sample: J: Then then clip the front clip The distance (d) between the chuck and the rear chuck is 1. The electric voltage of the horse pressure box is converted by the following% force million formula 2 and the curvature voltage (Vx). The bending moment of the pressure box for the sample width 541384 ―, V. Description of the invention (27) (M): Bending moment (M, gf * cm / cm) = where Vy is the voltage of the pressure box,

Sy is the sensitivity of the instrument in gf * cm / V, d is the distance between the chucks, and W is the sample width in centimeters.

Set the instrument's sensitivity switch to 5 x i. With this setting, the instrument is calibrated with a weight of 250 grams. Each weight is suspended from the line. The wire is wrapped around the rod at the bottom end of the rear fixing chuck and hooked to a pin extending back and forth from the center of the shaft. A heavy wire is wrapped around the front pin and hooked to the rear pin. The other heavy wire is wrapped around the rear pin and hooked to the front pin. The two pulleys are fixed to the instrument on the right and left sides. The top of the pulley is horizontal to the center pin. The two weights are then suspended simultaneously on the pulleys (one on the left and one on the right). Full ratio = voltage is set at 10 ¥. The central axis has a radius of 0.5 cm. Therefore, the combined full-scale sensitivity (Sy) for the moment axis is 100 ^ * 0.5cjn / 1Ov (5gf 氺 cm / V). For the output of the curved f-axis, when the indicator dial reaches 1.0 cm-1, it is calibrated by starting the measurement motor and manually stopping the movable chuck. The output voltage (Vx) is adjusted to 0.5 volts. The combined sensitivity (Sx) for the axis of curvature is 2 / (volts * cm). Curvature (κ) is obtained in the following way: Curvature (κ, CIiri) = Sx * Vx where Sx is the sensitivity of the curvature axis and Vx is the wheel-out voltage for confirmation, number, and curvature stiffness. 5 cm—1 / sec rate of curvature

^ 41384 V. Description of the invention (28) 〇cm'1cyclic stone 丨, n if ,, / lcnr to ~ 丨 ㈣-1 to 0cm_i. Each sample is continuously circulated to obtain four complete cycles. The output voltage of the instrument is personal output. During test 2: the formula is recorded. Figure 4 shows a representative graphic input too green, starting with no tension in the sample. The pressure box began to experience a load when Qi Qi tried to start the taste bow. From the top of the instrument ^ a, so that initial = rotation is clockwise. Looking down at the instrument, the first surface of the = W-bending 'fabric is described as being subjected to a & surface as being compressed. The load continues to increase until bending, force, and, spoon + 1 Cm (this is bending forward (fb) as shown in Figure 4). The curvature reaches + 1 CD1 1 and the direction of rotation is reversed. On reentry, the pressure cell reads &, at approximately forward bend return (FR). When the rotary chuck passes through 0, curvature = less. This direction begins, that is, the side of the sheet of paper is now compressed, and the opposite side of the paper is not bent backwards (BB) and extends to about — 丨 ⑶―, where it is rotated and extended. And get back bend back (BR). ° Inversely, the data were analyzed in the following manner. Approximately a linear return between approximately 0.2 and 0.7 cm-1 of the forward bend (FB), fold back (FR), and approximately the bend of backward bend (BB) and backward bend (BR). — 0.2 and $ line. Obtain a linear regression line between. As shown in FIG. 5, it shows the linear 7 zeng curve between 0 ^ 7 c εγι (FB) and forward bending fold back (FR) between 0.2 and 0.7 cm-1 'and the backward zigzag (BB ) And a linear regression line between ° and -0.7 c m-1 with a backward bend (br). The slope of the line is the bending stiffness · 2 and the element is gf * cm2 / cm. . It simply means that every cycle of the four cycles, every point p of the four segments. The slope of each line is reported as bending stiffness (: 6). Earned $ 1

Page 32 541384 V. Description of the invention (29) * cm2 / cm. The bending stiffness of forward bending is recorded as BFB. The individual segment values for the four cycles are averaged and reported as average BFB, BFR, BBF, BBR. Manipulate separate samples in MD and CD. The values of the two samples are averaged together. MD and CD values are reported separately. The values are reported in Table 2. Table 2: Bending stiffness (rigid) values Bending stiffness (gf * cm2 / cm) Sample MD / CD Average BFB Average BFR Average BBF Average BBR Average Average Single Layer MD 2.78 2.73 3.20 3.12 2.96 Single Layer CD 4.14 3.99 4.88 4.82 4.46 Double-layer I MD 31.69 25.52 35.42 36.97 32.40 Double-layer I CD 6.72 6.35 7.68 7.10 6.96 Double-layer II MD 50.87 51.30 60.93 65.63 57.37 Double-layer II CD 19.38 18.75 23.36 22.92 21.10 Three-layer I MD 8.88 8.57 11.27 10.28 9.75 Three-layer I CD 18.61 17.47 17.26 16.86 17.55 Invention I MD 12.13 11.02 13.69 12.63 12.37 Invention I CD 9.10 8.80 9.85 9.03 9.20 Invention II MD 28.98 25.26 35.88 34.47 31.15 Invention II CD 21.06 19.85 24.97 24.62 22.62

Page 33 541384 V. Description of the invention (30) A representative example of forward bending of a five MD sample is shown in FIG. 6. The thickness of the paper sheet is Emveco 0 ode 1 2 1 0 A digital micrometer made by Emveco Company of Newburg, Oregon, or similar device, using 3.0 ps i applied through a round 0.85 5 inch diameter foot Load, and measure the thickness of the sheet of paper 12 or the thickness t. The reinforced structure 12 is loaded in the machine direction to 20 pieces / line, and the thickness is tested at the same time. Reinforcement structure 1 2 should be maintained at approximately 70 ° F during testing. Pore volume Before applying the pattern layer, determine the pore volume of the reinforced structure by the following methods. The reinforcement structure of a four-inch square (16 square inch) sheet is used to measure the thickness (by the above method) and weigh it. Determine the component yarn density; the density of the pore space is assumed to be 0 g m / c c. Use density 1. 3 gm / c c for polyester (PET). The four-leaf square is weighed to produce the mass of the test sample. Then use the following formula to calculate the pore volume per square inch of the reinforced structure (the unit is appropriately converted): pore volume two vtQtal-vyarns two (ΐ x A)-(m / p) where = the total volume of the test sample Vyar * ns = only Volume of component yarn t2 Paper thickness of test sample A = area of test sample

Page 34 541384 V. Description of the invention (31) m = mass of the test sample p = density of the yarn and then divide the calculated pore volume by the area of the test sample (16 inch 2) (and ensure that all units are converted And consistent) to calculate the pore volume of the reinforced structure per square inch. Although other embodiments of the present invention are possible given the various combinations and modifications of the above intentions, they are not intended to be the present invention and are therefore limited to those shown and described above.

O: \ 57 \ 57916.PTD Page 35

Claims (1)

541384 c. Patent application scope 1. A papermaking belt includes: A reinforcing structure includes: A first surface of a mesh interlaced with a first machine direction yarn and a cross machine direction yarn, the first surface has a fiber support index of At least 6 8; one facing the second surface of the machine, including the second machine direction yarn, only combined with the cross machine direction yarn to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than four, wherein the first machine direction yarn is only combined every repetition One of the yarns crossing the machine direction; and a pattern layer facing outward from the first surface, wherein the pattern layer provides a mesh contact surface facing outward from the first surface, and the pattern layer extends at least partially from 4 to the second surface. 2. The papermaking belt as claimed in item 1 of the patent application, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface have a fiber support index of at least 80%. The belt, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface have a fiber support index of at least 95. 4. The papermaking belt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface include a square weave. 5. For the papermaking belt of the first scope of the patent application, the second surface facing the machine ® includes a second machine direction yarn, which is only combined with the cross machine direction yarn to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven. 6. For the papermaking belt of the scope of the patent application, wherein the second surface facing the machine includes a second machine direction yarn, with 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, 8, 3, P.36 541384 t, patent application scope 6 The picking sequence of warp is only combined with the yarn across the machine direction. 7. The papermaking belt as claimed in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface include a 2-shed square weave pattern, and the second surface facing the machine includes a second machine Directional yarns, each repetition, are combined with cross-machine direction yarns to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven. 8. The papermaking belt as claimed in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface include a 2-shed square weave pattern, and the second surface facing the machine includes a second machine Directional yarn, each repetition, only combined with the cross-machine direction yarn to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven, and the second machine direction yarn is 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, 5, 8, 3 , 6 warp picking sequence, only combined with the cross-machine direction yarn. 9. The papermaking belt according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein the first machine direction yarn, the cross machine direction yarn, and the second machine direction yarn each have a substantially circular cross section. 1 〇. The papermaking belt according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the first machine direction yarn, the cross machine direction yarn, and the second machine direction yarn each comprise a group selected from a polyester or a polyamide group Of materials. 11. The papermaking belt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first machine direction yarn, the cross machine direction yarn, and the second machine direction yarn each comprise the same material. 1 2. The papermaking belt according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the belt is a forming belt for use in a forming section of a paper machine. 13. For the papermaking belt in the scope of patent application item 1, where the belt is a Page 37 541384 6. Scope of patent application Pressed felts used in the press section of paper machines. 14. The papermaking belt according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the belt is a drying belt for use in a drying section of a paper machine. 1 5. The papermaking belt according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the belt is for use in a crescent forming device. 16. A patterned resinous papermaking belt, which includes a reinforced structure, has a normalized pore volume Ne of less than 2.8, and a rigidity in the transverse direction of at least 7 g f * c in 2 / cm. 1 7. As shown in item 16 of the patent application, there is a lipid papermaking belt in Youtuye, wherein the reinforcing structure further comprises: a first surface interlaced with the first machine direction yarn and a first surface facing the mesh across the machine direction yarn , The first surface has a fiber support index of at least 6 8; one facing the second surface of the machine, including the first machine direction yarn, combined with the cross machine direction yarn to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than four; and Wherein the third machine direction yarn is combined with only one of the cross machine direction yarns each repetition. 1 8. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface have a fiber support index of at least 80. 19. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface have a fiber support index of at least 95. 2 0. The papermaking belt as claimed in item 17 of the patent application, wherein the first surface Page 38 541384 VI. Patent Application The first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns include a square weave. 2 1. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the machine-facing second surface includes a second machine-direction yarn, which is combined with the machine-direction yarn only to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven. 2 2. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the second surface facing the machine comprises a second machine direction yarn in the order of picking up the warp yarns 1, 4, 7, 2, 2, 5, 8, 3, 6 Only combined with cross-machine direction yarns. 2 3. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface include a 2-shed square weave pattern, and the second surface facing the machine includes the first Two machine direction yarns, # Repeat each time, only combined with cross machine direction yarns to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven. 2 4. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns include a 2-shed square weave pattern, and the second surface facing the machine includes a second machine direction yarn Each time the thread is repeated, it is combined with the cross-machine direction yarn to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven, and the second machine-direction yarn is 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, 5, 8, 3, 6 The warp picking sequence is only combined with cross-machine direction yarns. 25. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the belt is a forming belt for a forming section of a paper machine. ❿ 2 6. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the belt is a felt for a pressing section of a paper machine. 2 7. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the belt is a drying belt for use in a drying section of a paper machine. Page 39 541384 VI. Scope of patent application 2 8. The papermaking belt according to item 17 of the patent application scope, wherein the belt is for use in a crescent forming device. 2 9. —A patterned resinous papermaking belt with a normalized pore volume Nc of less than 2.8 and a rigidity in the transverse direction of at least 2 2 g f * c m 2 / cm. 30. If the patterned resinous papermaking belt of item 29 of the patent application scope, wherein the reinforcing structure further comprises: a first surface of the mesh interlaced with the first machine direction yarn and a cross surface of the machine direction yarn, the The first surface has a fiber support index of at least 6 8; One facing the second surface of the machine, including the second machine direction yarn, only combined with the cross machine direction yarn to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than four; and wherein the second machine direction yarn is combined with only the Cross one of the machine direction yarns. 31. The papermaking belt of claim 30, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface have a fiber support index of at least 80. 3 2. The papermaking belt of claim 30 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface have a fiber support index of at least 95. 33. The papermaking belt of claim 30, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface include a square weave. 34. The papermaking belt as claimed in claim 30, wherein the machine-facing second surface contains a second machine-direction yarn, which is combined with the machine-direction yarn only to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven. Page 40 541384 t, patent application scope 3 5. The papermaking belt according to item 30 of the patent application scope, wherein the second surface facing the machine contains a second machine direction yarn, with 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, The 8, 3, and 6 warp picking sequence is only combined with cross-machine direction yarns. 36. The papermaking belt of claim 30, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface include a 2-shed square weave pattern, and the second surface facing the machine includes the first Two machine direction yarns, each repeated once, are combined with a cross machine direction yarn into an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven. 37. The papermaking belt of claim 30, wherein the first machine direction and cross machine direction yarns of the first surface include a 2-shed square weave pattern, and the second surface facing the machine includes the first The two machine direction yarns are repeated each time to combine with the cross machine direction yarns to form an N shed pattern, where N is greater than seven, and the first machine direction yarns are 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, 8 The 3, 6 warp picking sequence is only combined with the cross-machine direction yarn. · 3 8. The papermaking belt of the scope of patent application No. 30, wherein the belt is a forming belt for a forming section of a paper machine. 39. The papermaking belt of claim 30, wherein the belt is a press ft for a press section of a paper machine. 40. The papermaking belt of claim 30, wherein the belt is a drying belt for a drying section of a paper machine. 4 1. The papermaking belt according to claim 30, wherein the belt is for use in a crescent forming device. Page 41