TW202209777A - Electric vehicle with electromagnetic induction power generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric vehicle with magnetic induction power generating device includes an vehicle body, at least one battery pack installed inside the vehicle body, at least one power generation device electrically coupled to the at least one battery pack for providing electricity, a transmission device placed between the battery pack and the power generating device, and at least one motor for driving the electric vehicle, wherein the at least one power generating device can be coupled to at least one free-running wheel of the vehicle for converting a rotating energy of the at least one free-running wheel into electricity.

Description

Electric vehicle with electromagnetic induction generator

The present invention relates to electric power generation equipment, particularly an electromagnetic induction power generation device for electric vehicles.

At present, the conventional electric vehicle is driven by the electric energy provided by the vehicle-mounted battery (single energy source). Since the capacity of the battery is limited, the battery energy exhaustion will inevitably lead to the problem of no running of the electric vehicle during use, causing the user to be trapped in the dilemma of the road. However, the gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle retains the mechanical transmission system and the fuel engine, and its system efficiency is low, which is not conducive to the trend of energy saving, emission reduction and low-carbon economy.

Vehicles in which the above are driven solely by electricity. A possible disadvantage of this type of known or commercially available engines (motors) is the frequent charging demands, which must be fulfilled by domestic or commercial charging stations. Such pure electric vehicles have the additional disadvantage of having a short and impractical driving range before recharging is required.

Accordingly, in the field of electric vehicles, particularly in the field of power generation and/or improved drive trains, there is a need to extend the operative range of vehicles powered solely or partially by electricity, including hybrid vehicles utilizing power converter assemblies. The power converter assembly proposed to solve the above problems should utilize the basic energy provided by the continuous rotation of the vehicle's undriven wheel train in such a way that the supplementary current provided is sufficient to maintain sufficient and sufficient power on the installed battery assembly associated with the electric vehicle. Actionable charge. Furthermore, the energy converter assembly proposed in this preferred embodiment should be able to convert the mechanical energy wasted by the rotation of the vehicle's non-driven wheel train into a sufficient auxiliary current that not only maintains the charge on the battery power source Not only associated with such vehicles, but also independently or appropriately a vehicle and/or generally associated with Supplies power to auxiliary electronic components used with the vehicle, such as personal electronic equipment.

Since its invention, the generator has been playing the core device of electricity generation, its main function is by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The source of mechanical energy can be from an internal combustion engine, a fan turbofan, compressed air, etc., or mechanical energy from other sources. In practical applications, generators provide almost all the power for power grids. Therefore, based on factors such as environmental protection and environmental sustainability, how to improve power generation efficiency is an important issue.

The motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy in reverse operation, and the motor has many similarities with the generator.

Generators and motors (eg, AC induction or DC permanent magnets) generally include an outer stator or stationary member, which is usually a hollow cylindrical shape and includes wire coils disposed on its inner sidewalls. In motor applications, current flows into pairs of coils arranged in the stator (three-phase motors typically contain three pairs of separate coils arranged in opposing and partially circumferentially offset arrangements) such that an internally positioned rotor Component rotation.

The rotor is generally a solid cylindrical body (with a defined air gap between the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the stator) fixed inside the stator, the outer shaft of which extends outward from the axial centerline of the rotor.

Existing electric motors or generators contain components with iron sheets, such as laminated steel sheets or silicon steel sheets, used as stator coil winding cores, and the magnetic fields generated by these components can interact with the permanent iron located on the rotor to reduce power generation efficiency.

Based on the aforementioned shortcoming of the insufficient battery life of pure electric vehicles before they need to be recharged, a high-efficiency energy converter assembly, that is, an electromagnetic induction generator that can be integrated in an electric vehicle, can rotate the non-driving wheel train of the vehicle. It is necessary to convert the wasted mechanical energy into sufficient auxiliary current to charge the battery pack installed in the electric vehicle.

In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcoming of insufficient cruising range of pure electric vehicles and for this shortcoming, there is a need for a high-efficiency power converter assembly, which converts the mechanical energy wasted by the rotation of the non-driven wheel train of the vehicle into sufficient auxiliary current. The present invention provides an electric vehicle capable of integrating a high-efficiency electromagnetic induction power generation device.

By arranging coil windings using only copper wire to form a suitable stack of coil windings in combination with a rotor assembled using permanent magnets, an efficient generator without iron loss can be achieved.

Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides an electric vehicle with an electromagnetic induction power generation device, comprising: a vehicle body; at least one battery pack is placed in the vehicle body; at least one generator is coupled to the at least one battery pack for charging; a speed change device coupled between the at least one generator and the at least one battery pack; at least one motor for driving the electric vehicle, wherein the at least one generator can be coupled to at least one non-electric vehicle of the electric vehicle The driving wheel is used to convert the rotational mechanical energy of the non-driving wheel into electrical energy.

The above-mentioned electromagnetic induction power generation device for electric vehicles includes a cylindrical casing, a stator module, and has a plurality of axially and equally spaced fixed stator units, and each stator unit includes a stator base and a plurality of coils are arranged in the stator base radially and at equal radial angles, and a rotor module has a plurality of rotor units, each rotor unit includes a rotor base and a plurality of permanent magnets that are radially and equally radial The corners are arranged in the rotor base, wherein the plurality of rotor units are connected by a rotor shaft for simultaneous rotation and each rotor unit is arranged between adjacent stator units.

The above-mentioned stator base is a cylindrical base having a central hole for passing the rotating shaft. The stator base has a space for accommodating the coil between the circular inner wall and the outer wall.

The aforementioned space between the circular inner and outer walls is equally divided into two sub-regions along its axial direction.

Each of the above-mentioned coils is wound by enameled wire, and forms an annular structure with a curved Z-shaped cross-section.

Each of the above coils may be partially side-by-side and stacked together to form a tight stack.

The rotor unit described above includes a non-magnetic rotor base having a central hole for connecting the rotating shaft.

The magnetic poles of the above-mentioned adjacent permanent magnets are alternately arranged in opposite polarities.

Each of the permanent magnets described above is a cylindrical body with an equiangular cross-section that can be configured such that their respective vertical bisectors coincide with one of a set of radial axes on the rotor base with equal radial angular distribution.

The permanent magnets with the first type of magnetic polarity are arranged with their bottom surfaces facing the center of the rotor base, and the permanent magnets with the second type of magnetic polarities are arranged with their bottom surfaces toward the outer edge of the rotor base.

The above-mentioned permanent magnets with the first type of magnetic polarity have the magnetic polarity of N-pole.

The above-mentioned permanent magnets having the second type of magnetic polarity have the magnetic polarity of S-pole.

1a: Motor

2a: Differential gear unit

3a: Axles

(4a, 5a): drive wheel

(6a, 7a): battery pack

10a, 10b: Power generation device

8a, 9a: free-running wheels

15a, 15b: Wheel axle

14a, 14b: Gearbox

(16a, 20a'): Harness

17a, 17b: switch

(16b, 20a): Wire harness

13a: Control Center

10a, 10b: Electromagnetic induction device

40: Rotary axis

50: Cylindrical shell

20: Stator unit

30: Rotor unit

22: Stator base

24: Coil

25: Center hole

(26a, 26b): Clearance

28, 38: filler

31: Center hole

32: Rotor base

36: Notch

34: Permanent magnet

The following detailed description of the present invention and schematic diagrams of the embodiments should make the present invention more fully understood; however, it should be understood that this is only a reference for understanding the application of the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention to a specific embodiment among.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an electric vehicle with an electromagnetic induction generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electromagnetic induction generator for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic induction generator for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4( a ) shows a front view of an electromagnetic induction generator for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4( b ) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic induction generator for electric vehicles according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention along the E-E cutting direction.

FIG. 4( c ) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic induction generator for electric vehicles according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention along the F-F cutting direction.

FIG. 5( a ) shows a front view of a rotor unit in an electromagnetic induction generator for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5( b ) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotor unit in an electromagnetic induction power generation device for electric vehicles according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

6(a)-(b) show a configuration diagram of a three-phase coil of a stator unit in an electromagnetic induction power generation device for an electric vehicle proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6( c ) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the configuration of the stator unit and the rotor unit in the electromagnetic induction power generation device for electric vehicles according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6(d) shows a wiring manner of a stator unit with three-phase windings for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Herein, the present invention will be described in detail with respect to specific embodiments of the present invention and its viewpoints. Such descriptions are used to explain the structure or step flow of the present invention, which are for illustrative purposes rather than limiting the present invention. Scope of patent application. Therefore, in addition to the specific embodiments and preferred embodiments in the description, the present invention can also be widely implemented in other different embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are described below by means of specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the efficacy and advantages of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Moreover, the present invention can also be applied and implemented by other specific embodiments, the details described in this specification can also be applied based on different requirements, and various modifications or changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The terms "first", "second", ... etc. used herein do not specifically refer to the order or order, nor are they used to limit the present invention, but are only used to distinguish elements or operations described in the same technical terms.

As used herein, "connected" or "electrically coupled" may mean that two or more elements are directly physically connected or in electrical contact with each other, or indirectly physically connected or in electrical contact with each other, and "connected" or "Electrically coupled" may also refer to the mutual operation or action of two or more elements.

In order to solve the shortcoming of insufficient cruising range of pure electric vehicles and for this shortcoming, there is a need for a high-efficiency power converter assembly, which converts the mechanical energy of the rotation of the non-driving wheel train of the vehicle into sufficient auxiliary current. The present invention provides a high-efficiency electromagnetic induction power generating device that can be integrated into an electric vehicle and integrated into the electric vehicle.

Figure 1 shows an electrically driven vehicle having a motor 1a for driving a pair of drive wheels (4a, 5a) of the vehicle through a differential gear arrangement 2a and an axle 3a. The battery packs (6a, 7a) are used to provide electric power to the motor 1a in turn. The battery packs (6a, 7a) are charged in turn by two power generating devices, the first power generating device 10a and the second power generating device 10b, the first power generating device 10a passing through Free-running wheels 8a, axles 15a, and transmissions (eg, gearboxes) 14a rotate; second generator 10b rotates through free-running wheels 9a, axles 15b, and transmissions (eg, gear boxes) gearbox) 14b rotates. A variable ratio gearbox can be used. The electrical energy generated by the first power generating device 10a can be supplied to the battery pack 6a through the wiring harness (16a, 20a') and the switch 17a, and the electrical energy generated by the second power generating device 10b can be supplied to the battery pack via the wiring harness (16b, 20a) and the switch 17a, respectively 7a. In this embodiment of the invention, sensors (not shown) on the battery packs 6b and 7b will be stored in the The magnitude of the electric energy in each battery pack is transmitted to the distribution control center 13a. Between the generator and the motor, the power of the motor can be adjusted to the proper rotational speed of the generator through the speed change devices 14a, 14b.

When the vehicle is in a balanced mode (ie, carrying a normal load on a level road without accelerating), the generators (10a, 10b) in combination with the gearbox (14a, 14b) can provide a certain amount of electrical energy to the battery pack 7a, While the motor 1a draws electrical energy from the battery 6a; the capacity of the generator means (10a, 10b) is set to provide a predetermined amount of energy to the battery 7a. As the speed of the vehicle decreases, electrical or mechanical signals are sent through the controller (control center) 13a to the gearboxes (14a, 14b), which change the gear ratios to increase the speed of the gearboxes. The generators (10a, 10b) maintain a predetermined electrical input to the battery pack 7a. The same is true when the battery pack 6a forms part of the battery charging circuit and the battery pack 7a forms part of the drive circuit.

The control center 13a switches between the two power generating devices 10a and 10b to supply electrical energy to the appropriate battery pack 6a or 7a. The control center 13a also scales and engages or disengages one or both of the gearboxes 14a and 14b as required, when using the battery pack 7a in the power drive circuit and using the battery pack 6a in the charging circuit, to the direction shown. The non-power battery pack 7a provides sufficient electrical energy to charge the battery for subsequent driving of the vehicle. When a sensor (not shown) on the powering battery pack 6a indicates that its power has decreased to a preset value, the distribution control center 13a reverses the switches 17b and 17b from the positions shown so that the fully charged battery pack 7a passes through Electric power is supplied to the motor 1a by the wiring harnesses 19a and 21a and the switch 17b, which are part of the electrical drive circuit for driving the vehicle. At the same time, the battery pack 6a enters the charging mode from the power generating devices 10a and 10b via the control center 13a, the switch 17a and the wiring harness 20a'. In a preferred embodiment, the two power generating devices 10a and 10b may have exactly the same configuration.

In order to convert the mechanical energy of the rotation of the non-driving wheel train of the vehicle into sufficient auxiliary current, the power generation device with high conversion efficiency is the key core. It can be rotatably coupled to the rotating shaft of the power generating device by means of an appropriate mechanical coupling to the non-driven gear train in the vehicle, such as a gear set or the like, to convert the mechanical energy of the rotation of the non-driven gear train into electrical energy, and The electric energy generated by the power generating device is stored in the battery pack provided on the electric vehicle through the charging circuit.

Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , which disclose an electromagnetic induction device 10a (generator) for to generate electricity or generate electricity. The generator includes a coaxially assembled electromagnetic induction device 10 a assembled in a cylindrical casing 50 . The electromagnetic induction device 10 a includes a stator module with a plurality of stator units 20 and a rotor module with a plurality of rotor units 30 . The plurality of stator units 20 are axially and equally spaced in the housing 50 as stators, and the plurality of rotor units 30 are coupled to a rotating shaft 40 to rotate together. Inside the electromagnetic induction device 10 a, each rotor unit 30 is installed between two adjacent stator units 20 .

FIG. 4 shows a front view of the stator unit 20 , which includes a non-magnetic stator base (coil base) 22 and a plurality of coils 24 radially and uniformly arranged in a coil base 22 at equal radial angles. Each coil 24 is wound by enameled copper wire (conductor) and forms a toroidal coil structure having a curved Z-shaped cross-section as shown in Fig. 3(b), which is a cross-section along the E-E cutting direction Schematic diagram; Figure 4(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view along the F-F cutting direction. In this way, please refer to FIGS. 4( a ) to 4 ( c ), each coil 24 will form a curved section, so that the coil and the coil can have partial overlap when they are stacked, and each coil can be partially overlapped with the adjacent coil. side-by-side and stacked together to form a tight stack, where the coils 24 may be configured as vertical bisectors of the individual coils and a set of radial axes (ax-1, ax-2, ....) in the stator base 22 One of them coincides. In a preferred embodiment, the stator base 22 is a cylinder with a central hole 25 for passing the above-mentioned rotating shaft 40 and a space for accommodating the above-mentioned coil 24 between the circular inner wall and the outer wall, The above-mentioned accommodating space is equally divided into two sub-regions along the axial direction (z-axis) of the stator base, and the two sub-regions are separated by a partition wall. The coils disposed in the two sub-regions of the stator base 22 can interact with the permanent magnets installed in the rotor units located on both sides of the stator base 22 (please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 5, and Fig. 6 together) . In a preferred embodiment, each coil 24 is wound with an enameled copper wire to form an equilateral triangle (or similar shape, such as a trapezoid, etc.) and then bent along its vertical bisector to have a "Z" section. The shape of the coil. Each coil forming an isosceles triangle (or trapezoid) is arranged and arranged in the stator base 22 in such a manner that its bottom (base) faces the outer edge of the stator base. Once the coils 24 are installed in the correct position within the stator base 22, an insulating and thermally conductive filler 28 (eg, epoxy fingers) fills the gaps (26a, 26b) therebetween so that it fills the gaps to hold the coils in place in the stator base 22 and play the role of insulation and heat conduction.

Figure 5(a) shows a front view of an individual rotor unit 30. The rotor unit 30 includes a disk-shaped (cylindrical) non-magnetic rotor base 32 having a plurality of permanent magnets (eg, rubidium iron boron permanent magnets) A central hole 31 is disposed on the rotor base 32 for coupling to a rotating shaft 40 , and a plurality of notches 36 are formed on the outer edge of the non-magnetic base for reducing weight and enhancing heat dissipation. The plurality of permanent magnets 34 are uniformly arranged in the rotor base 32 radially and at equal radial angles, and the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are alternately arranged in opposite polarity, that is, N poles and S poles are alternately arranged. FIG. 4( b ) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the individual rotor unit units 30 along the cutting direction A-A. Once the permanent magnets 34 are installed in the correct positions within the rotor base 32, an insulating thermally conductive filler 38 (eg, epoxy fingers) fills the gaps (26a, 26b) therebetween, filling the gaps for the coils It is fixed in the rotor base 32 . In a preferred embodiment, each permanent magnet is a cylindrical body with an equiangular cross-section that can be configured such that their respective vertical bisectors and a set of diameters of the rotor base 32 have equal radial angular distribution. Coincidence with one of the axes (ax-1, ax-2,...), and the permanent magnet 34 having the first type of magnetic polarity (eg, N-pole) described above is arranged with its bottom surface facing the rotor base 32 while the permanent magnet 34 having the second type of magnetic polarity (eg, S pole) is arranged with its bottom surface facing the outer edge of the rotor base 32 .

6(a)-6(b) show a configuration diagram of a three-phase coil of the stator unit 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the connection modes of the three-phase coils A, B, and C are shown in FIG. 6(b), The reference numbers in the drawings represent individual coils located in the stator base. Among them, the No. 1, 4, 7, .... coils arranged along the circumference are connected in series; the No. 2, 5, 8, .... coils are connected in series; the No. 3, 6, 9, .... No. .

FIG. 6( c ) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the configuration of the stator unit 20 and the rotor unit 30 in the electromagnetic induction power generation device 10 a according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from FIG. 6( c ) that the stator unit 20 with compact stacked coils and the cylindrical permanent magnet 34 with an equiangular triangular cross-section installed in the rotor unit 32 can provide a high-efficiency electromagnetic induction unit without any Laminate steel sheets for coil winding.

FIG. 6(d) shows the wiring of the stator unit 20 having three-phase windings A, B, and C, in which the AC power generated by the electromagnetic induction device 10a can be fed into the load for application.

An embodiment is an implementation or instance of the invention. References in the specification to "one embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," or "other embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in relation to the embodiment, which is included in the In at least some embodiments, but not Must be in all examples. The appearances of "one embodiment," "one embodiment," or "some embodiments" are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiments. It should be appreciated that, in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, several features may sometimes be grouped together in a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof for the purpose of simplifying the disclosure and illustrating an understanding of or multiple different inventive concepts. However, this method of disclosure is not to be construed as reflecting an intent that the present invention requires more features than each claim expressly recites. Rather, as reflected in the claims of the patentable scope, the inventive concept resides in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims are hereby expressly incorporated into this description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of the present invention.

The above description is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that it is used to illustrate the present invention rather than to limit the scope of the claimed patent rights of the present invention. The scope of its patent protection shall depend on the scope of the appended patent application and its equivalent fields. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of this patent belong to the equivalent changes or designs completed under the spirit disclosed in the present invention, and shall be included in the following patent application scope Inside.

1a: Motor

2a: Differential gear unit

3a: Axles

(4a, 5a): drive wheel

(6a, 7a): battery pack

10a, 10b: Power generation device

8a, 9a: free-running wheels

15a, 15b: Wheel axle

14a, 14b: Gearbox

(16a, 20a'): Harness

17a, 17b: switch

(16b, 20a): Wire harness

13a: Control Center

Claims (12)

An electric vehicle with an electromagnetic induction generating device, comprising: body; At least one battery pack is placed in the vehicle body; at least one generator coupled to the at least one battery pack for charging it; a speed change device coupled between the at least one generator and the at least one battery pack; and at least one motor for driving the electric vehicle, Wherein the at least one generator can be coupled to at least one non-driven wheel of the electric vehicle for converting rotational mechanical energy of the non-driven wheel into electrical energy. The electric vehicle with an electromagnetic induction power generation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one generator comprises a cylindrical casing; a stator module has a plurality of axially fixed stator units, each of which is fixed in equal intervals. The stator unit includes a stator base and a plurality of coils disposed in the stator base radially and at equal radial angles; and a rotor module having a plurality of rotor units, each of the rotor units including a rotor base The seat and a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged radially and at equal radial angles in the rotor base, wherein the plurality of rotor units are coupled by a rotor rotation shaft for simultaneous rotation and each of the rotor units is arranged adjacent to between the stator units. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 2; wherein the stator base is a cylindrical base having a central hole for passing the rotating shaft; wherein the stator base is on a circular inner wall There is a space for accommodating the above-mentioned coil between the outer wall. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the space between the circular inner wall and the outer wall is equally divided into two sub-regions along the axial direction thereof. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the above-mentioned coils are installed in the above-mentioned two sub-regions. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the above-mentioned coils is wound by an enameled wire and forms an annular structure with a curved Z-shaped cross-section. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 6, wherein each of the above-mentioned coils may be partially side-by-side and stacked together to form a tight stack. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device according to claim 1, wherein the stator base is non-magnetic. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor unit includes a non-magnetic rotor base having a central hole for connecting the rotating shaft. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnets are alternately arranged in opposite polarities. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the above-mentioned permanent magnets is a cylindrical body having an equiangular cross-section, and can be arranged such that their respective vertical bisectors are equal to the above-mentioned rotor base One of a set of radial axes of the radial angular distribution coincides. The electric vehicle having an electromagnetic induction power generating device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the above has the first type The permanent magnets of the magnetic polarity are arranged with their bottom surfaces facing the center of the rotor base, and the permanent magnets with the second magnetic polarity are arranged with their bottom surfaces facing the outer edge of the rotor base.

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