TW202012583A - 空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物 - Google Patents
空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202012583A TW202012583A TW108125230A TW108125230A TW202012583A TW 202012583 A TW202012583 A TW 202012583A TW 108125230 A TW108125230 A TW 108125230A TW 108125230 A TW108125230 A TW 108125230A TW 202012583 A TW202012583 A TW 202012583A
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Abstract
本發明提供一種組合物，其係含有2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物作為抗靜電劑之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，且即便調配有足夠量之油分，其防止空氣中微粒子附著之效果亦不會降低。本發明之主旨在於含有：
(A)2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、
(B)以下之式(I)所表示之雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑：
[式(I)中，R1
分別獨立地表示碳原子數為12～22且具有0～3個雙鍵之烷基；R2
分別獨立地表示碳原子數為1～3且未具有雙鍵之烷基；Y表示鹵素原子、硫酸甲酯、或磷酸甲酯]、及
(C)選自烴油、酯油、矽酮油之1種以上之油分。
Description
本發明係關於一種空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物。更詳細而言，係關於一種抑制花粉、病毒、PM2.5等浮遊於空氣中之有害物質附著於衣物、皮膚、毛髮等之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物。
花粉等過敏原、流行性感冒病毒等病毒、及PM2.5或黃砂等粒子狀物質等之浮遊於空氣中之微粒子(空氣中微粒子)，由於與人體接觸或被吸入而給人體帶來各種各樣的健康危害。例如，存在有花粉或室內灰塵等過敏原引發各種各樣的過敏症狀，流行性感冒等病毒引發傳染病之虞。又，亦有關於因物品之燃燒等而排出之粒徑2.5 μm以下之粒子狀物質(即PM2.5)誘發呼吸系統疾病、循環系統疾病之報告。
作為保護人體遠離空氣中微粒子之方法，一般為藉由口罩或空氣淨化器等物理阻隔或去除空氣中微粒子，然而近年來，提出了如下之方法：利用空氣中微粒子多數帶電之現象，將調配有抗靜電劑之組合物應用於衣物或毛髮等，積極地去除靜電，藉此抑制空氣中微粒子之附著。
例如，於日本專利特開2004-068174號公報(專利文獻1)中記載有一種纖維刺激抑制劑，其含有表現出特定範圍之分子量及表面張力之含有磷酸膽鹼類似基之聚合物或聚伸烷基二醇衍生物之聚合物。藉由利用含有該聚合物之纖維刺激抑制劑對纖維進行處理，可降低由於來自於花粉或蟎等之過敏原物質所造成之過敏反應。
另一方面，於日本專利特開2006-2147號公報(專利文獻2)中記載有以下內容：含有具有特定之兩性離子基之單體單元及/或具有特定之陰離子基之單體單元作為結構單元之聚合物具有防止花粉吸附於毛髮或衣服等之作用、效果。除衣物或被褥等之纖維以外，亦可使該聚合物噴霧、塗佈於毛髮等。作為聚合物之具體例，可列舉2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯共聚物，揭示有將該聚合物與水或乙醇等混合，製成乳液或噴霧。
於專利文獻2中所記載之聚合物除了衣物以外亦可直接安全地應用於毛髮等，因此考慮將其應用於以皮膚為對象之化妝料等中。然而，由本發明者確認了如下之現象：若將油分調配於含有專利文獻2中所記載之聚合物之製劑中，則防止花粉等空氣中微粒子附著之效果會降低。
油分除其本身具有保濕效果以外，可穩定地使油溶性紫外線吸收劑等油溶性藥劑溶解。因此，若可調配有油分，則變得能夠賦予保濕能力或紫外線防禦能力等各種各樣的功能。
如此，要求可於含有專利文獻2中所記載之聚合物之組合物中，於不使防止空氣中微粒子附著之效果降低之情況下，調配足夠量之油分之方法。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2004-68174號公報
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開2006-2147號公報
[發明所欲解決之問題]
本發明之目的在於提供一種組合物，其係含有專利文獻2所記載之聚合物、即2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物作為抗靜電劑者，且即便調配有足夠量之油分，防止空氣中微粒子附著之效果亦不會降低。
[解決問題之技術手段]
本發明者等為了解決上述問題而進行了潛心研究，結果發現藉由調配規定之陽離子界面活性劑與規定之油分，可於含有2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物之組合物中，於不使防止空氣中微粒子附著之效果降低之情況下調配足夠量之油分，從而完成本發明。
即，本發明之主旨係
一種空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，其含有：
(A)2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、
(B)以下之式(I)所表示之雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑：
[化1]
[式(I)中，R1
分別獨立地表示碳原子數為12～22且具有0～3個雙鍵之烷基；R2
分別獨立地表示碳原子數為1～3且未具有雙鍵之烷基；Y表示鹵素原子、硫酸甲酯、或磷酸甲酯]、及
(C)選自烴油、酯油、矽酮油之1種以上之油分。
[發明之效果]
本發明係於含有2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物作為抗靜電劑之組合物中調配雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑與特定之油分，藉此可於不使防止空氣中微粒子附著之效果降低之情況下調配足夠量之油分。
藉此，除了可對組合物附加油分本身所具有之保濕效果以外，還能夠實現油溶性藥劑之穩定調配，因此變得可對組合物賦予各種各樣的功能。
本發明之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物必須含有(A)2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、(B)雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑、及(C)規定之油分。以下，對構成本發明之組合物之各成分進行詳細說明。
＜(A)2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物＞
調配於本發明之組合物中之(A)2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物(以下，有時簡稱為「(A)成分」)相當於上述專利文獻2中具有花粉吸附防止效果的聚合物之一態樣。
(A)成分係由2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼所形成之單體單元、與由(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯所形成之單體單元之共聚物，「烷基」係碳數1～6之低級烷基。又，(A)成分之重量平均分子量較佳為50萬～80萬，進而較佳為60萬～70萬。
作為(A)成分之較好之例，可列舉2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯共聚物。亦可使用市售品，例如可使用「Lipidure-PMB」(日本油脂(股)製造)等。
(A)成分之調配量係於組合物總量中為0.01～5.0質量%，較佳為0.05～3.0質量%。若未達0.01質量%，則存在無法獲得充分之防止空氣中微粒子附著之效果之情形。另一方面，若超過5.0質量%，則存在不僅揮發需要花費時間，而且乾燥時之感觸會有黏膩，因此欠佳。作為(A)成分，可單獨地使用上述2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物之1種，亦可組合使用2種以上。
＜(B)雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑＞
調配於本發明之組合物中之(B)雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑(以下，有時簡稱為「(B)成分」)較佳為使用下述式(I)所表示之雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑。
[化2]
式(I)中，R1
分別獨立地表示碳原子數為12～22且具有0～3個雙鍵之烷基；R2
分別獨立地表示碳原子數為1～3且未具有雙鍵之烷基；Y表示鹵素原子、硫酸甲酯、或磷酸甲酯。
作為上述式(I)所表示之雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑，並無限定，例如可列舉：二山萮基二甲基氯化銨、二硬脂基二甲基氯化銨(市售品有「CATION DSV」(三洋化成工業(股)製造)等)、二鯨蠟基二甲基氯化銨、二鯨蠟硬脂基二甲基氯化銨、二硬脂基二甲基硫酸甲酯季銨鹽、二山萮基二甲基硫酸甲酯季銨鹽、二鯨蠟基二甲基硫酸甲酯季銨鹽、二鯨蠟硬脂基二甲基硫酸甲酯氯化銨鹽等。其中，較佳為使用二硬脂基二甲基氯化銨。
(B)成分之調配量係於組合物總量中為0.001～0.1質量%，較佳為0.005～0.05質量%。若未達0.001質量%，則存在於調配有油分時無法充分地抑制防止空氣中微粒子附著之效果降低之情形。另一方面，若超過0.1質量%，則存在產生黏膩，空氣中微粒子反而變得容易附著之情形，從而欠佳。作為(B)成分，可單獨地使用上述雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑之1種，亦可組合使用2種以上。
＜(C)油分＞
調配於本發明之組合物中之(C)油分(以下，有時簡稱為「(C)成分」)係選自烴油、酯油、矽酮油之1種以上之油分。
作為烴油，例如可列舉：異十二烷、異十六烷、異烷烴、液態石蠟(礦物油)、地蠟(ozokerite)、角鯊烷、石蠟、純地蠟(ceresin)、角鯊烯、凡士林、微晶蠟等。
作為酯油，例如可列舉：乙基己酸鯨蠟酯、三異辛酸甘油酯、肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、肉豆蔻酸辛基十二烷基酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯、硬脂酸丁酯、月桂酸己酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯、油酸癸酯、硬脂酸異鯨蠟酯、膽固醇12-羥基硬脂酸酯、二癸酸新戊二醇、PPG-3二新戊酸酯、蘋果酸二異硬脂酯、琥珀酸二2-乙基己酯、三異硬脂酸甘油酯、三羥甲基丙烷三異硬脂酸酯、油酸油脂、己二酸二異丁酯、棕櫚酸己基癸酯、癸二酸二異丙酯、四乙基己酸季戊四醇酯、荷荷芭油、澳洲胡桃油等。
作為矽酮油，例如可列舉：鏈狀聚矽氧烷(例如二甲基聚矽氧烷、甲基苯基聚矽氧烷、二苯基聚矽氧烷等)、環狀聚矽氧烷(例如八甲基環四矽氧烷、十甲基環五矽氧烷、十二甲基環六矽氧烷等)等。
上述之中，作為(C)油分，特佳為IOB為0.55以下之油分，更佳為IOB為0.52以下。
此處，所謂IOB係指有機概念圖中之無機性值(IV)相對於有機性值(OV)之比(Inorganic Organic Balance，無機性有機性平衡值)，即「無機性值(IV)/有機性值(OV)」。所謂有機概念圖係指將所有有機化合物之根源設為甲烷(CH4
)，將其他化合物全部視為甲烷之衍生物，將其碳數、取代基、變態部、環等分別設為固定之數值，使其得分相加，求出有機性值、無機性值，並於將有機性值設為X軸、將無機性值設為Y軸之圖上進行繪圖(參照「有機概念圖-基礎與應用-」(甲田善生著，三共出版，1984))。
作為(C)成分而特佳之油分例如可列舉：聚二甲基矽氧烷(IOB＝0.19)、二苯基矽烷氧基苯基聚三甲基矽氧烷(IOB＝0.16)、礦物油(IOB＝0.00)、植物性角鯊烷(IOB＝0.00)、乙基己酸鯨蠟酯(IOB＝0.13)、三異辛酸甘油酯(IOB＝0.35)、四乙基己酸季戊四醇酯(IOB＝0.35)、氫化聚異丁烯(IOB＝0.00)、二癸酸新戊二醇酯(IOB＝0.25)、三異硬脂酸甘油酯(IOB＝0.16)、蘋果酸二異硬脂酯(IOB＝0.28)、琥珀酸二2-乙基己酯(IOB＝0.32)、PPG-3二新戊酸酯(IOB＝0.52)等。
其中，特佳為聚二甲基矽氧烷(IOB＝0.19)、礦物油(IOB＝0.00)、乙基己酸鯨蠟酯(IOB＝0.13)、PPG-3二新戊酸酯(IOB＝0.52)。
(C)成分之調配量係於組合物總量中為0.01～1質量%，較佳為0.05～0.5質量%。若未達0.01質量%，則存在無法獲得油分調配之效果之情形，如無法使各種各樣的油溶性藥劑穩定地溶解等，另一方面，若超過1質量%，則存在產生黏膩，空氣中微粒子反而變得容易附著之情形，從而欠佳。作為(C)成分，可單獨地使用上述油分之1種，亦可組合使用2種以上。
＜其他能夠調配之成分＞
於本發明之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物中，可於不損及本發明之效果之範圍內，視需要進而調配各種溶劑、界面活性劑、油溶性藥劑、紫外線吸收劑、高級醇、增黏劑、精油、保濕劑、抗氧化劑、金屬封阻劑、pH調整劑、香料、防腐劑、噴射劑等。
作為溶劑，例如可列舉：水；乙醇、丙醇等低級醇類；甘油、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇等多元醇類；低沸點鏈狀矽酮油、環狀矽酮油、低沸點異烷烴系烴油等揮發性油等。
作為界面活性劑，例如可使用選自自先前以來使用於水包油乳化化妝料之非離子性界面活性劑之1種或2種以上，特佳為聚氧乙烯硬化蓖麻油。作為聚氧乙烯硬化蓖麻油之具體例，可列舉PEG-10氫化蓖麻油、PEG-20氫化蓖麻油、PEG-25氫化蓖麻油、PEG-30氫化蓖麻油、PEG-40氫化蓖麻油、PEG-50氫化蓖麻油、PEG-60氫化蓖麻油、PEG-80氫化蓖麻油、PEG-100氫化蓖麻油等。
作為油溶性藥劑，例如可列舉：油溶性之美白劑、保濕劑、抗炎劑、抗菌劑、荷爾蒙劑、維生素類、各種胺基酸及其衍生物或酶、抗氧化劑、生髮劑、紫外線吸收劑等藥劑成分。具體而言，可列舉：維生素A(＝視黃醇)及其衍生物(例如視黃醇乙酸酯、視黃醇棕櫚酸酯等)、維生素B2衍生物(例如核黃素乙酸酯等)、維生素B6衍生物(例如吡哆醇二辛酸酯、吡哆醇二棕櫚酸酯、吡哆醇二月桂酸酯等)、維生素D(＝鈣化醇)及其衍生物(例如麥角鈣化固醇、膽鈣化醇等)、維生素E(＝生育酚)及其衍生物[例如維生素E乙酸酯(＝乙酸生育酚酯)等]、必需脂肪酸[例如亞麻油酸(linolic acid，linoleic acid)、花生油酸、二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、及含有該等之植物萃取物(例如柏子仁等)等]、泛醌(＝輔酶Q10)及其衍生物、維生素K類(例如葉綠醌、甲萘醌類、甲萘醌等)、間苯二酚衍生物(例如4-烷基間苯二酚衍生物及/或其鹽等)、甘草次酸及其衍生物(例如甘草次酸硬脂酯等)、油溶性之維生素C衍生物[例如維生素C二棕櫚酸酯(＝二棕櫚酸酯抗壞血酯)、硬脂酸抗壞血酯等]、類固醇化合物(例如女性荷爾蒙或男性荷爾蒙等)、菸鹼酸苄酯(生髮劑成分)、三氯均二苯脲(殺菌劑成分)、三氯羥基二苯基醚(防腐劑成分)、γ-穀維素(抗氧化劑成分)、二丁基羥基甲苯(抗氧化劑成分)、作為紫外線吸收劑之甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯、4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4'-甲氧基苯甲醯基甲烷、及奧克立林(氰雙苯丙烯酸異辛酯)等。但是，並不限定於該等例示。油溶性藥劑可使用1種或2種以上。
＜空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物＞
本發明之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物能夠以水包油乳化化妝料之形態提供。作為具體之劑型，可為噴霧、乳液等任意之劑型，可使用適合各劑型之慣例而製造。
本發明之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物藉由噴霧、塗佈並附著於所需之對象表面，從而發揮效果。例如，可使其附著於包含面部或毛髮在內之身體之一部分、或者衣服或手帕、口罩等隨身物品等。
本發明之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物藉由自應用之部位積極地去除靜電而抑制空氣中微粒子之附著。作為可以防止其附著之空氣中微粒子，係浮遊於空氣中之所有有害物質，並無特別限定，例如可列舉：花粉、室內灰塵等過敏原；流行性感冒病毒等病毒；PM2.5、黃砂、石綿等粒子狀物質。
[實施例]
以下，列舉實施例而對本發明進行更詳細之說明，但本發明並不受該等實施例任何限定。調配量只要沒有特別說明，則以相對於調配有該成分之系統的質量%表示。
＜實驗例1～4＞
依照慣例製備具有以下之表1中所示之組成之乳液，依據下述評價方法觀察花粉附著防止效果。將評價結果一併示於表1中。
＜花粉附著防止效果＞
使用作為模擬花粉之石松子(石松科之孢子)作為空氣中微粒子，如下述般評價能夠以何種程度防止石松子附著於氯乙烯片材上。
(i)試片之製作
準備氯乙烯片材(1.5 cm×4.5 cm)，利用吊在線上之夾具使其夾住。使氯乙烯片材浸漬於各實驗例之樣品液中後，於室溫下風乾1小時。
(ii)花粉附著試驗
向100 ml螺旋管中放入石松子20 mg。以使系著試片之線固定於螺旋管之蓋上，試片並不與螺旋管之內壁接觸之方式小心地蓋上蓋。拿起螺旋管之蓋，使螺旋管垂直地立於旋渦混合器(商品編號「SI-0286」(Scientific Industries公司)：轉速1000 rpm)之中心，使其振盪10秒鐘。藉由目視確認花粉附著之量，與僅含有水與乙醇之對照例(表1中為實驗例1，表2中為實驗例5)進行比較，根據以下之基準進行判定。
(iii)判定基準
A：相較於對照例，花粉之附著大幅度地減少
B：相較於對照例，花粉之附著些許減少
C：花粉之附著與對照例同等
D：相較於對照例，花粉之附著增多
於本發明中，於評價A或B之情形時，判斷為花粉附著防止效果之降低得到充分抑制，將其作為「合格」，除此以外判斷為「不合格」。
[表1] 
如表1所示，相較於未調配2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯共聚物之情形(實驗例1)，於調配有該共聚物之情形時，花粉附著防止效果大幅提高(實驗例2)。此外，由於在其中調配油分而使得花粉附著防止效果明顯受損(實驗例3)，但可藉由調配氯化二硬脂基二甲基銨而保持足夠之花粉附著防止效果(實驗例4)。
＜實驗例5～13＞
依照慣例製備具有以下之表2所示之組成之乳液，依據上述評價方法調查花粉附著防止效果。再者，隨著乙醇之減量，將製作試片時之風乾時間設為3小時。將評價結果一併示於表2中。
[表2] 
如表2所示，可藉由調配氯化二硬脂基二甲基銨而保持充分之花粉附著防止效果(實驗例8)，但於使用化妝品中所通用之其他界面活性劑之情形時，無法抑制因油分調配而造成之花粉附著防止效果之降低(實驗例11～13)。又，雖已知氯化二硬脂基二甲基銨本身亦具有抗靜電效果，但於不含2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯共聚物之情形時，並未獲得花粉附著防止效果(實驗例9)。
＜實驗例14～19＞
為了調查(B)雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑以外之陽離子界面活性劑之效果，依照慣例製備具有以下之表3中所示之組成之乳液，與上述花粉附著防止效果之評價方法同樣地進行(i)試片之製作及(ii)花粉附著試驗，藉由目視確認相較於未調配陽離子界面活性劑之對照例(實驗例14)之花粉附著量之變化，根據以下之基準進行判定。
(iii)判定基準
A：花粉附著量明顯地減少
B：花粉附著量基本未發現變化
C：花粉附著量反而增加
[表3] 
如表3所示，雖然藉由調配氯化二硬脂基二甲基銨而使花粉附著量明顯地減少(實驗例15)，但於使用化妝品中所通用之其他陽離子界面活性劑之情形時，無法減少花粉附著量(實驗例16～19)。
＜實驗例20～25＞
改變所調配之油分之種類，依照慣例製備具有以下之表4中所示之組成之乳液，依據上述評價方法調查由於氯化二硬脂基二甲基銨之有無而造成之花粉附著量之變化。將評價結果一併示於表4中。
[表4] 
如表4所示，可確認於使用烴油、酯油、矽酮油之任一種之情形時，藉由可調配氯化二硬脂基二甲基銨而減少花粉附著量(實驗例21、23、25)。
Claims (6)
- 一種空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，其含有： (A)2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、 (B)以下之式(I)所表示之雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑： [化1][式(I)中，R1 分別獨立地表示碳原子數為12～22且具有0～3個雙鍵之烷基；R2 分別獨立地表示碳原子數為1～3且未具有雙鍵之烷基；Y表示鹵素原子、硫酸甲酯、或磷酸甲酯]、及 (C)選自烴油、酯油、矽酮油之1種以上之油分。
- 如請求項1之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，其中(C)油分之IOB為0.55以下。
- 如請求項1或2之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，其中(C)油分係選自由聚二甲基矽氧烷(IOB＝0.19)、礦物油(IOB＝0.00)、乙基己酸鯨蠟酯(IOB＝0.13)、PPG-3二新戊酸酯(IOB＝0.52)所組成之群之1種以上。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，其中(A)2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物係2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基磷酸膽鹼-(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯共聚物。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，其中(B)雙長鏈型陽離子界面活性劑係二硬脂基二甲基氯化銨。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之空氣中微粒子附著防止用組合物，其中空氣中微粒子係選自由花粉、室內灰塵等過敏原、流行性感冒病毒等病毒、PM2.5等粒子狀物質所組成之群之至少1種浮遊於空氣中之有害物質。
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