TW201641190A - 刀具連結之螺紋結構 - Google Patents
刀具連結之螺紋結構 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000145845 chattering Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/109—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft with removable cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/005—Cylindrical shanks of tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/11—Retention by threaded connection
- B23B31/1107—Retention by threaded connection for conical parts
- B23B31/1115—Retention by threaded connection for conical parts using conical threads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/24—Hard, i.e. after being hardened
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
- B23B2231/02—Features of shanks of tools not relating to the operation performed by the tool
- B23B2231/0204—Connection of shanks to working elements of tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
- B23B2231/04—Adapters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/02—Connections between shanks and removable cutting heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/138—Screw threads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/02—Connections between the shanks and detachable cutting heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/03—Cutting heads comprised of different material than the shank irrespective of whether the head is detachable from the shank
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23C2228/24—Hard, i.e. after being hardened
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2240/00—Details of connections of tools or workpieces
- B23C2240/32—Connections using screw threads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係有關於一種刀具之連結螺紋結構,係設於一刀具內作為連接該刀具之刀桿及刀頭之結構,該刀桿一端之孔內設有一受接部,該受接部係包含一內環孔及一內螺紋,並得施以熱處理藉以提升剛性,該刀頭一端設為切削刀具之結構,另端延伸設有一連接部,該連接部係設為一定位桿及一外螺紋之結構,並得施以熱處理藉以提升剛性,所述之刀頭與刀桿藉由連接部與受接部之螺合連接,所述刀頭之外螺紋結構具有一外圓直徑及一根徑,該外圓直徑之外型軌跡為一圓直桿狀,而該根徑之軌跡為一具有一微小角度,形成一具微小錐度之螺紋根徑。
Description
本發明係有關於一種刀具之連結結構,特別是一種刀具連結之螺紋結構。
一般習用之捨棄式刀具為增加其多功性,常將搪孔刀、鑽頭及端銑刀等多種功能合而為一,使用刀桿搭配一刀頭與刀桿組合連接之結構方達到多種切削刀具更換使用之目的,請參閱第6、7圖所示,習知多功能刀具包含一刀桿40及一刀頭50所組成,所述之刀桿40之一端設有一受接部41,該受接部41係設為一內環孔411及一內螺紋412之結構,所述之刀頭50得設為捨棄式銑刀、捨棄式鑽頭或是捨棄式搪孔刀,所述之刀頭50另一端設為一連接部51,該連接部51係設為一定位桿511即一外螺紋512之結構,所述之刀頭50與刀桿40藉由連接部51與受接部41之螺合連接,形成一可替換不同功能刀頭50之切銷刀具。
然而前述刀具之刀桿40與刀頭50之連接係藉由定位桿511與內環孔411之定位支撐及外螺紋512、內螺紋412相互鎖固,然而一般內、外螺紋之螺固配合皆採用鬆配合之級距,螺紋鎖固之部位在刀具切削加工時將會產生微搖晃之現象,請參閱第7圖所示,該刀頭50在橫向銑削加工時,刀具承受進刀負荷F,連接部51因受到負荷F之力量以刀桿40之端部(暨刀桿40與刀頭50之肩部52相互抵靠之位置)為旋轉中心C產生一力矩M,使得
該連接部51亦以該旋轉中心C且順著力矩M之方向產生微量之偏轉,該連接部51將會偏移一邊,然而該刀具係為旋轉加工,當受力之刀刃旋轉離開成非切削狀態時,便開始呈現鬆弛之狀態,由另一切削而承受進刀負荷F,據此該刀具之2個切刃在承受進刀負荷F與非承受負荷之間造成晃動,且刀具旋轉速度越高,晃動之頻率越高,由於晃動必使得刀具在切削時產生顫抖,工件之切削表面會留下顫振刀痕,加工機主軸之負載將會增高,導致切削深度及速率將會降低,直接影響加工效率及產能。
習用多種功能合一之刀具,藉用螺紋結構做為刀桿與刀頭連結之結構,然而該螺紋結構之螺固配合接採用鬆配合之級距,螺紋鎖固部位在刀具加工受力時將會產生微搖晃之現象,進而使該刀具在切削時產生顫抖,工件之切削表面會留下顫振刀痕,加工機主軸之負載將會增高,致切削深度及速率將無法提高,影響加工效率及產能。
本發明刀具之連結螺紋結構,係設於一刀具內作為連接該刀具之刀桿及刀頭之結構,該刀桿一端之孔內設有一受接部,該受接部係包含一內環孔及一內螺紋;該刀頭一端設為切削刀具之結構,另端延伸設有一連接部,該連接部係設為一定位桿及一外螺紋之結構,所述之刀頭與刀桿藉由連接部與受接部之螺合連接,所述刀頭之外螺紋結構具有一外圓直徑及一根徑,該外圓直徑之外型軌跡為一圓直桿狀,而該根徑之軌跡為一具有一微小角度,形成一具微小錐度之螺紋根徑。
本發明之刀頭藉由外螺紋與刀桿內螺紋之緊配合及干涉配合之貢獻,延長了刀桿與刀頭在徑向的緊密套合,當刀頭在切削時受到進
刀負荷,除了由定位桿與內環孔套合位置及刀頭與刀桿端面軸向螺固之位置抵抗外,更加上外螺紋與內螺紋螺合部位緊密套合並抵抗該進刀負荷,且旋轉之刀具在刀刃受力改變時仍並不會造成刀頭之振動,因此刀具在切削時將不會有顫振之現象,切削速度及進給量將可以提高,提升切削速率。
10‧‧‧刀桿
20‧‧‧刀具
21‧‧‧受接部
211‧‧‧內環孔
212‧‧‧內螺紋
30‧‧‧刀頭
31‧‧‧連接部
311‧‧‧定位桿
312‧‧‧外螺紋
32‧‧‧切削刀具
40‧‧‧刀桿
41‧‧‧受接部
411‧‧‧內環孔
412‧‧‧內螺紋
50‧‧‧刀頭
51‧‧‧連接部
511‧‧‧定位桿
512‧‧‧外螺紋
52‧‧‧肩部
DO‧‧‧外圓直徑
Di‧‧‧根徑
θ‧‧‧微小角度
a‧‧‧鬆配合區
b‧‧‧緊配合區
c‧‧‧干涉配合區
C‧‧‧旋轉中心
M‧‧‧力矩
F‧‧‧進刀負荷
R‧‧‧反作用力
第1圖係發明本刀桿與刀頭之平面系統圖
第2圖係本發明之刀頭平面示意圖
第3圖係本發明刀具之組合平面圖
第4圖係本發明之刀具銑削時之受力示意圖
第5圖係本發明之外螺紋之實施例圖
第6圖係習知捨棄式之平面系統圖
第7圖係習知捨棄式之平面組合圖
請參閱第1~3圖所示,本發明刀具之連結螺紋結構,係設於一刀具10內作為連接該刀具10之刀桿20及刀頭30之結構,該刀具10包含一刀桿20及一刀頭30,其中:刀桿20,其一端之孔內設有一受接部21,該受接部21係包含一內環孔211及一內螺紋212;刀頭30,其一端設為切削刀具32之結構,所述之切削刀具32至少包含了銑刀、鑽頭等,該刀頭30之另端延伸設有一連接部31,該連接部31係設為一定位桿311及一外螺紋312之結構,所述之刀頭30與刀桿20藉
由連接部31與受接部21之螺合連接,所述之外螺紋312結構具有一外圓直徑DO及一根徑Di,該外圓直徑DO之外型軌跡為一圓直桿狀,而該根徑Di之軌跡為一具有一微小角度θ,該角度θ係由外螺紋312之最外端逐漸朝向內端擴大之正錐度,形成一具微小錐度之螺紋根徑,前述微小角度θ約為0.5°~3°。
請參閱第3圖所示,所述之刀頭30之定位桿311與刀桿20之內環孔211之配合級距係介於滑動配合及靜配合之間,定位桿311套置入內環孔211時藉由工具轉動刀頭30旋轉時,搭配螺紋之轉動而能順暢地套合,達到良好的接合,降低定位桿311與內環孔211間的晃動,暨能提升刀頭30與刀桿20組合時較佳的穩定度,減少震動之現象。
請參閱第1圖所示,該刀桿20之受接部21位置及刀頭30之連接部31位置得藉由熱處理提高該內螺紋212及外螺紋312之剛性,依據本實施例而言,該刀桿20使用SKD合金工具鋼系列之材質,熱處理之硬度值範圍為HRC40~60之間,關於該刀頭30之材料係使用鎢鋼,連接部31位置熱處理之硬度值範圍為HRC25~40之間,該外螺紋312熱處理硬度值較小於內螺紋212,其主要係讓該外螺紋312之干涉配合區c在螺入內螺紋212時仍具可彈性變形,得與內螺紋212緊密地結合。
請參閱第2、3圖所示,該刀頭30之外螺紋312結構之根徑Di軌跡為一微小角度θ由外端逐漸朝向內端擴大之正錐度,該微小角度θ約為0.5°~3°之間,因此越是朝向定位桿311方向之螺紋根徑Di尺寸將會微微地增加,因此,該外螺紋312之長度可區分為三個不同螺合配合之級距,暨為鬆配合區a、緊配合區b及干涉配合區c等,該鬆配合區a與習用之螺紋相同,
為鬆配合之級距,且與刀桿20之內螺紋212相同,故該外螺紋312之鬆配合區a螺入刀桿20之內螺紋212極為容易且快速,當外螺紋312之緊配合區b螺入時,使用者在旋轉該刀頭30之操作上就會感覺較為緊密,且需要使用較大之扭力,當持續旋轉進入干涉區c時,以手動方式旋轉該刀頭20將會更緊密,需要更大之扭力,且無法完全將刀頭30螺入刀桿20內,而會有一小段距離無法以手動方式螺入,主要係因為該內螺紋212與外螺紋312皆施作熱處理,必須藉由板手工具強迫螺入,該外螺紋312熱處理硬度值較小於內螺紋212,使得該外螺紋312之干涉配合區c之小段距離在螺入內螺紋212時仍具可彈性變形,得與內螺紋212緊密地結合。同時該刀頭30之定位桿311套入刀桿20之內環孔211內,除藉由定位桿311與內環孔211之定位之外,更由外螺紋312與內螺紋212產生緊配合及干涉配合之貢獻,使得刀桿20與刀頭30達到雙重緊密套合之功效,刀桿20與刀頭30之組合不會有晃動之現象,且該刀桿20與刀頭30在軸向之組合受到螺紋之鎖固,使得該刀桿20與刀頭30無論是軸向或是徑向都能更為穩定地鎖固。
請參閱第4圖所示,藉由外螺紋312與內螺紋212之緊配合及干涉配合之貢獻,延長了刀桿20與刀頭30在徑向的緊密套合,當刀頭30在切削時受到徑向之進刀負荷F時,除了由定位桿311與內環孔211套合位置及刀頭30與刀桿20端面軸向螺固之位置抵抗外,更加上外螺紋312與內螺紋212螺合部位緊密套合,反作用力R將可抵抗該進刀負荷F,且旋轉之刀具10在刀刃受力改變時仍並不會造成刀頭30之振動,因此刀具10在切削時將不會有顫振之現象,更進一步能使得加工機主軸之負載降低約10%,切削速度及進給量因而得以提高,提升切削速率。
本發明刀桿20之內螺紋212之配合級距為一鬆配合,與一般市售習用之刀桿內螺紋相同,故,採購本發明之刀頭30便可以批配任一種市售之刀桿,這對業者而言將可以省下一些刀具成本。
前揭所述之外螺紋312結構具有一外圓直徑DO及一根徑Di,該外圓直徑DO之外形軌跡為一圓直桿狀,而該根徑Di之軌跡為一具有一微小角度θ,使得該外螺紋312可區分為鬆配合區a、緊配合區b及干涉配合區c等,與刀桿20之內螺紋212達到緊密之鎖固與配合,請參閱第5圖所示,為外螺紋313結構之實施例,該外圓直徑DO之外型軌跡隨著該根徑Di軌跡具有一相同之微小角度θ,使得該外螺紋313成為一微小之錐度螺紋,並亦可區分為鬆配合區a、緊配合區b及干涉配合區c等,與刀桿20之內螺紋212達到緊密之鎖固與配合。
綜上所述,本發明之刀頭30藉由外螺紋312與刀桿20內螺紋212之緊配合及干涉配合之貢獻,延長了刀桿20與刀頭30在徑向的緊密套合,當刀頭30在切削時受到進刀負荷F時,除了由定位桿311與內環孔211套合位置及刀頭30與刀桿20端面軸向螺固之位置抵抗外,更加上外螺紋312與內螺紋212螺合部位緊密套合並抵抗該進刀負荷F,且旋轉之刀具10在刀刃受力改變時仍並不會造成刀頭30之振動,因此刀具10在切削時將不會有顫振之現象,更能使得加工機主軸之負載降低約10%,切削速度及進給量將可以提高,有效提升切削速率,深具創新性及實用性。
10‧‧‧刀桿
20‧‧‧刀具
21‧‧‧受接部
211‧‧‧內環孔
212‧‧‧內螺紋
30‧‧‧刀頭
31‧‧‧連接部
311‧‧‧定位桿
312‧‧‧外螺紋
32‧‧‧切削刀具
Claims (7)
- 一種刀具連結之螺紋結構,係設於一刀具內作為連接該刀具之刀桿及刀頭之結構,該刀具包含一刀桿及一刀頭,其中:刀桿,其一端之孔內設有一受接部,該受接部係包含一內環孔及一內螺紋;刀頭,其一端設為切削刀具之結構,該刀頭之另端延伸設有一連接部,該連接部係設為一定位桿及一外螺紋之結構,所述之刀頭與刀桿藉由連接部與受接部之螺合連接,所述之外螺紋結構具有一外圓直徑及一根徑,該外圓直徑之外型軌跡為一圓直桿狀,而該根徑之軌跡為一具有一微小角度,,形成一具微小錐度之螺紋根徑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之刀具連結之螺紋結構,其中該刀頭所設之外螺紋之根徑軌跡之微小角度介於約0.5°~3°之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之刀具連結之螺紋結構,其中該刀頭所設外螺紋之根徑軌跡角度係由外螺紋之最外端逐漸朝向內端擴大,使其長度可區分為鬆配合區、緊配合區及干涉配合區等不同螺合配合之級距。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之刀具連結之螺紋結構,其中該該刀頭之外圓直徑之外形軌跡隨著該根徑軌跡具有一相同之微小角度,形成為一微小之錐度螺紋者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之刀具連結之螺紋結構,該刀桿之受接部位置及刀頭之連接部位置得藉由熱處理提高該內螺紋及外螺紋之剛性者。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之刀具連結之螺紋結構,該刀桿之受接部熱處理之硬度值範圍為HRC40~60之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之刀具連結之螺紋結構,該刀頭30之連接部 位置熱處理之硬度值範圍為HRC25~40之間者。
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TW104122465A TWI574762B (zh) | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-13 | Tool connection of the thread structure |
CN201510558680.3A CN106346029A (zh) | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-06 | 刀具连接的螺纹结构 |
US14/983,855 US10092964B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2015-12-30 | Assembly-type cutter |
EP16150169.7A EP3117940B1 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2016-01-05 | Assembly-type cutting tool |
KR1020160003981A KR101724990B1 (ko) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-01-13 | 조립체-타입 커터 |
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-
2015
- 2015-07-13 TW TW104122465A patent/TWI574762B/zh active
- 2015-09-06 CN CN201510558680.3A patent/CN106346029A/zh active Pending
- 2015-12-30 US US14/983,855 patent/US10092964B2/en active Active
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2016
- 2016-01-05 EP EP16150169.7A patent/EP3117940B1/en active Active
- 2016-01-13 KR KR1020160003981A patent/KR101724990B1/ko active Active
- 2016-01-15 JP JP2016006193A patent/JP2017019097A/ja active Pending
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US20170014917A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
TWI574762B (zh) | 2017-03-21 |
US10092964B2 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
CN106346029A (zh) | 2017-01-25 |
EP3117940B1 (en) | 2020-03-11 |
KR20170004818A (ko) | 2017-01-11 |
JP2017019097A (ja) | 2017-01-26 |
KR101724990B1 (ko) | 2017-04-07 |
EP3117940A1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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