TW201309200A - 植物病害之防治方法 - Google Patents
植物病害之防治方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201309200A TW201309200A TW101118176A TW101118176A TW201309200A TW 201309200 A TW201309200 A TW 201309200A TW 101118176 A TW101118176 A TW 101118176A TW 101118176 A TW101118176 A TW 101118176A TW 201309200 A TW201309200 A TW 201309200A
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- prochloraz
- inhibitor
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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Abstract
本發明之課題係提供大幅提升植物病害之防治效果之農園藝用殺菌劑組合。本發明之解決手段係提供將(a)3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯甲醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶、(b)咪醯胺(Prochloraz)、及(c)選自固醇去甲基作用抑制劑(但是,咪醯胺(Prochloraz)除外)、及電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑所成群之至少1種殺菌劑,施用於植物為特徵之植物病害之防治方法。
Description
本發明係關於大幅提升植物病害之防治效果之農園藝用殺菌劑組合。
專利文獻1記載本發明之有效成份之苯甲醯吡啶衍生物有效地作為殺菌劑,因應需要,可與其他殺菌劑混用、併用。另外,揭示使分別組合該苯甲醯吡啶衍生物、咪醯胺(Prochloraz)(專利文獻2)或苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole)(專利文獻3)等時,可得到具有優異相乘效果之殺菌劑組成物。
然而,無具體揭示關於組合使用3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯甲醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶、咪醯胺(Prochloraz)、及更特定的殺菌劑之3種殺菌劑。
[專利文獻1]國際公開公報WO 02/02527
[專利文獻2]國際公開公報WO 2005/041663
[專利文獻3]國際公開公報WO 2010/002026
本發明之有效成份係3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯甲醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶、咪醯胺(Prochloraz)及特定的殺菌劑對於特定的植物病害之該效果並不充足,殘效性比較短,或出現對特定的殺菌劑的耐性菌,某施用情況下,對植物病害在實用上亦有僅顯示不足以防治之效果。
本發明之目的係提供藉由組合殺菌劑,明顯地改善植物病害防治效果之植物病害之防治方法。
本發明者等為解決前述問題點,進行研究的結果係得到藉由於3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶與咪醯胺(Prochloraz),進一步組合特定的殺菌劑,與單獨使用各化合物時相比較,可得到意想不到之優異殺菌效果之發現,完成本發明。
亦即,本發明係關於組合(a)3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶(後述亦簡稱為成份(a))、(b)咪醯胺(Prochloraz)(後述亦簡稱為成份(b))、及(c)選自固醇去甲基作用抑制劑(但是,咪醯胺(Prochloraz)除外)、及電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑所成群之至少1種殺菌劑(後述亦簡稱為成份(c)),施用於植物為特徵之植物病害之防治方法。
因為本發明之殺菌劑組合對植物病害具有安定的高防治效果,所以本發明之方法係有效地作為植物病害之防治方法。
本發明之成份(a)3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯甲醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶係可依據前述專利文獻1及專利文獻2所揭示之製造方法而得。另外,此品係已知一般名為二芳酮類殺菌劑-pyriofenone之化合物。
本發明之成份(b)咪醯胺(Prochloraz)係The Pesticide Manual(第15版;BRITISH CROP PROTECTION COUNCIL)第928~929頁中記載之化合物。
作為本發明之成份(c)固醇去甲基作用抑制劑(但是,咪醯胺(Prochloraz)除外),可列舉如氧環唑(azaconazole)、聯苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、環克座(cyproconazole)、苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、乙環唑(etaconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、護矽得(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、呋醚唑-順式(furconazole-cis)、菲克利(hexaconazole)、易胺座(imibenconazole)、種菌唑
(ipconazole)、滅特座(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、平克座(penconazole)、普克利(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、矽氟唑(simeconazole)、得克利(tebuconazole)、四克利(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、三泰隆(triadimenol)、滅菌唑(triticonazole)之三唑系化合物;如比芬諾(pyrifenox)之吡啶系化合物;如賽福寧(triforine)之吡嗪系化合物;如尼瑞莫(nuarimol)、芬瑞莫(fenarimol)之嘧啶系化合物;如咪唑(oxpoconazole)、依滅列(imazalil)、賽福座(triflumizole)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)之咪唑系化合物;等。此等中任一種皆作為殺菌劑,於The Pesticide Manual(第15版;BRITISH CROP PROTECTION COUNCIL)或SHIBUYA INDEX 15th edition(SHIBUYA INDEX RESEARCH GROUP)所記載之化合物。
此等中係以三唑系化合物、咪唑系化合物為宜。更具體上以環克座(cyproconazole)、苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、護矽得(flusilazole)、菲克利(hexaconazole)、易胺座(imibenconazole)、滅特座(metconazole)、平克座(penconazole)、普克利(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、矽氟
唑(simeconazole)、得克利(tebuconazole)、四克利(tetraconazole)、三泰隆(triadimenol)、咪唑(oxpoconazole)、賽福座(triflumizole)為宜,以環克座(cyproconazole)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、菲克利(hexaconazole)、滅特座(metconazole)、平克座(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、得克利(tebuconazole)、四克利(tetraconazole)為宜。
作為本發明之成份(c)電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑,可列舉如吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、戊苯吡菌胺(penflufen)、福拉比(furametpyr)、聯苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam)、環苯吡菌胺(sedaxane)、氟唑菌醯胺(fluxapyroxad)之吡唑羧醯胺系化合物;如白克列(boscalid)之吡啶羧醯胺系化合物;如賽氟滅(thifluzamide)之噻唑羧醯胺系化合物;如萎鏽靈(carboxin)、嘉保信(oxycarboxin)之氧硫雜環己二烯系化合物;如氟吡菌醯胺(fluopyram)之吡啶基-乙基苯甲醯胺系化合物;如甲呋醯胺(fenfuram)之呋喃碳醯胺系化合物;如福多寧(flutolanil)、滅普寧(mepronil)、麥鏽靈(benodanil)之苯基-苯甲醯胺系化合物;等。此等中
任一種皆作為殺菌劑,於The Pesticide Manual(第15版;BRITISH CROP PROTECTION COUNCIL)或SHIBUYA INDEX 15th edition(SHIBUYA INDEX RESEARCH GROUP)所記載之化合物。
此等中係以吡唑羧醯胺系化合物、吡啶羧醯胺系化合物或吡啶基-乙基苯甲醯胺系化合物為宜。具體上以吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、戊苯吡菌胺(penflufen)、聯苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam)、白克列(boscalid)、環苯吡菌胺(sedaxane)、氟唑菌醯胺(fluxapyroxad)、氟吡菌醯胺(fluopyram)為宜。
成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)亦可為鹽的形態。作為鹽係只要為農業上所容許者,任一種皆可,可舉例如鈉鹽、鉀鹽之鹼金屬鹽;如鎂鹽、鈣鹽之鹼土類金屬鹽;單甲基銨鹽、二甲基銨鹽、三乙基銨鹽之銨鹽;如鹽酸鹽、高氯酸鹽、硫酸鹽、硝酸鹽之無機酸鹽;如醋酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽之有機酸鹽等。
本發明之方法係對各種植物病害之防治有效,有效地防治例如稻子的稻熱病、芝麻葉枯病、紋枯病;麥類的白粉病、赤黴病、銹病、雪腐病、裸黑穗病、眼紋病、葉枯病、腐枯病;柑橘之黑點病、瘡痂病;蘋果之花腐病、白粉病、斑點落葉病、黑星病;梨子的黑星病、黑斑病;桃子的灰星病、黑星病、實腐病(phomopsis);葡萄的黑痘病、晚腐病、白粉病、露菌病;柿子的炭疽病、落葉病;瓜類的炭疽病、白粉病、蔓枯病、露菌病;蕃茄的輪
紋病、葉黴病、疫病;十字花科蔬菜之黑斑病、馬鈴薯之夏疫病、疫病;草莓之白粉病;各種作物之灰黴病、菌核病等之植物病害,但尤其對麥類病害顯示優異的防治效果。另外,對於防治因鐮胞菌、腐黴菌、絲核菌、輪枝孢菌、根瘤病等之植物病原病所引起之土壤病害亦有效。
本發明之成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)係與傳統的農藥製劑同樣地與各種輔助劑混合,製劑成粉劑、粒劑、顆粒水合劑、水合劑、水性懸浮劑、油性懸浮劑、水溶劑、乳劑、液劑、糊劑、氣溶膠劑、微量散佈劑等之各種型態使用,但只要適合本發明目的,可製成通常該領域所使用之所有製劑型態。
調製製劑時,可一起混合成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c),調製製劑,或亦可將此等分別調製製劑。
作為使用於製劑之輔助劑,可列舉矽藻土、消石灰、碳酸鈣、滑石、白碳、陶土、膨潤土、高嶺土及絹雲母的混合物、黏土、碳酸鈉、碳酸氫鈉、硫酸鈉、沸石、澱粉等之固體載體;水、甲苯、二甲苯、溶劑油、二烷、丙酮、異氟爾酮、甲基異丁基酮、氯化苯、環己烷、二甲亞碸、二甲基甲醯胺、二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、醇等之溶劑;如脂肪酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽、烷基磺基琥珀酸鹽、二烷基磺基琥珀酸鹽、聚羧酸鹽、烷基硫酸酯鹽、烷基硫酸鹽、烷基芳基硫酸鹽、烷基二甘醇醚硫酸鹽、醇硫酸酯鹽、烷基磺酸鹽、烷基芳基磺酸鹽、芳基磺酸鹽、木質素磺酸鹽、烷基二苯基醚二磺酸鹽、聚苯乙烯磺酸
鹽、烷基磷酸酯鹽、烷基芳基磷酸鹽、苯乙烯基芳基磷酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基醚硫酸酯鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚硫酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚硫酸酯鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基醚磷酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基磷酸酯鹽、萘磺酸甲醛縮合物之鹽之陰離子系界面活性劑或展著劑;如山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、甘油脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸聚甘油酯、脂肪酸醇聚甘醇醚、乙炔基甘醇、乙炔基醇、氧乙烯嵌段聚合物、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、聚氧乙烯苯乙烯芳基醚、聚氧乙烯甘醇烷基醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯甘油脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯硬化蒽麻油、聚氧丙烯脂肪酸酯之非離子系界面活性劑或展著劑;橄欖油、爪哇木棉油、蓖麻子油、棕櫚油、山茶花油、椰子油、芝麻油、玉米油、米糠油、花生油、棉籽油、大豆油、菜籽油、亞麻仁油、桐油、液狀鏈烷烴等之植物油或礦物油等。此等輔助劑只要不超出本發明之目的,可自該領域已知者中選擇使用。另外,亦可使用增量劑、增黏劑、防止沈澱劑、抗凍劑、分散安定劑、藥害減輕劑、防黴劑等通常所使用之各種輔助劑。有效成份化合物與各種輔助劑之摻混比率係混合重量比一般為0.005:99.995~95:5,以0.2:99.8~90:10為宜。實際上使用此等製劑時,可直接使用或以水等稀釋劑稀釋成規定濃度,因應需要,可添加各種展著劑使用。
另外,本發明之殺菌劑組成物亦可進一步混用其他農藥,例如殺菌劑、殺蟲劑、殺蟎劑、殺線蟲劑、殺土壤害
蟲劑、抗病毒劑、引誘劑、除草劑、植物生長調製劑等,此時有時顯示更優異的效果。
前述其他農藥中之作為殺菌劑的有效成份化合物(一般名;包含部份申請中,或日本植物防疫協會試驗編號),可舉例,如滅派林(mepanipyrim)、派美尼(pyrimethanil)、賽普洛(cyprodinil)之苯胺嘧啶系化合物;如5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)[1,2,4]三唑[1,5-a]嘧啶之三唑嘧啶系化合物;如扶吉胺(fluazinam)之吡啶胺系化合物;如賽三唑(tricyclazole)、撲殺熱(probenazole)之氮雜茂系化合物;如滅蟎猛(quinomethionate)之喹喔啉系化合物;如代森錳(maneb)、代森鋅(zineb)、萬得生(mancozeb)、聚胺基甲酸酯(polycarbamate)、免得爛(metiram)、甲基鋅乃浦(propineb)、得恩地(thiram)之二硫代胺基甲酸鹽類系化合物;如熱必斯(fthalide)、四氯異苯(chlorothalonil)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)之有機氯系化合物;如免賴得(benomyl)、甲基多保淨(thiophanate-methyl)、貝芬替(carbendazim)、噻苯咪唑(thiabendazole)、麥穗靈(fuberiazole)、賽座滅(cyazofamid)之咪唑系化合物;如霜氰(cymoxanil)之氰基乙醯胺(Cyanoacetamide)
系化合物;如滅達樂(metalaxyl)、右滅達樂(metalaxyl-M(別名mefenoxam))、霜靈(oxadixyl)、呋醯胺(ofurace)、本達樂(benalaxyl)、右本達樂(benalaxyl-M(別名kiralaxyl、chiralaxyl))、呋霜靈(furalaxyl)、酯菌胺(cyprofuram)、異噻菌胺(isotianil)、噻醯菌胺(tiadinil)之苯胺系化合物;如益發靈(dichlofluanid)之磺醯胺系化合物;如氫氧化銅(cupric hydroxide)、有機銅(oxine copper)之銅系化合物;如殺紋寧(hymexazol)之異唑系化合物;如福賽得(fosetyl-A1)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-Methyl)、S-苯甲基O,O-二異丙基硫代磷酸酯、O-乙基S,S-二苯基二硫代磷酸酯、膦酸氫乙基鋁、護粒松(edifenphos)、丙基喜樂松(iprobenfos)之有機磷系化合物;如克菌丹(captan)、敵菌丹(captafol)、滅菌丹(folpet)之鄰苯二甲醯亞胺系化合物;如撲滅寧(procymidone)、依普同(iprodione)、免克寧(vinclozolin)之二甲醯亞胺系化合物;如矽噻菌胺(silthiopham)、稻瘟醯胺(fenoxanil)之醯胺系化合物;如座賽胺(zoxamide)之苯甲醯胺系化合物;如苯鏽啶(fenpropidin)之哌啶系化合物;
如芬普福(fenpropimorph)、三得芬(tridemorph)之嗎啉系化合物;如三苯羥錫(fentin hydroxide)、三苯醋錫(fentin acetate)之有機錫系化合物;如賓克隆(pencycuron)之尿素系化合物;如達滅芬(dimethomorph)、氟嗎啉(flumorph)之肉桂酸系化合物;如乙黴威(diethofencarb)之苯基胺基甲酸酯系化合物;如咯菌腈(fludioxonil)、拌種咯(fenpiclonil)之氰基吡咯系化合物;如亞托敏(azoxystrobin)、克收欣(kresoxim-methyl)、苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin)、三氟敏(trifloxystrobin)、菌氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、水稻唑菌胺酯(oryzastrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、百克敏(pyraclostrobin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、烯肟菌酯(Enestroburin)、唑菌酯(Pyraoxystrobin)、唑胺菌酯(Pyrametostrobin)之甲氧基丙烯酸酯系化合物;如唑菌酮(famoxadone)之唑烷酮(oxazolidinone)系化合物;如噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)之噻唑甲醯胺(thiazolecarboxamide)系化合物;如纈黴威(iprovalicarb)、異丙基-苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb-isopropyl)之纈胺醯胺系化合物;
如甲基N-(異丙氧基羰基)-L-纈胺醯-(3RS)-3-(4-氯苯基)-β-丙胺酸鹽(valiphenalate)之醯基胺基酸系化合物;如咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)之咪唑啉酮系化合物;如環醯菌胺(fenhexamid)之羥基苯胺(hydroxyanilide)系化合物;如氟硫滅(flusulfamide)之苯磺醯胺系化合物;如賽芬胺(cyflufenamid)之肟醚系化合物;蒽醌系化合物;巴豆酸系化合物;如維利黴素(validamycin)、嘉賜黴素(kasugamycin)、保粒黴素(polyoxins)之抗生素;如克熱淨(iminoctadine)、十二烷胍(dodine)之胍系化合物;如異丁乙氧喹啉(tebufloquin)之喹啉系化合物;如氟噻並菌胺(flutianil)之噻唑啶系化合物;如硫黃(Sulfur)之硫黃系化合物;作為其他化合物,吡菌苯威(pyribencarb)、亞賜圃(isoprothiolane)、百快隆(pyroquilon)、達滅淨(diclomezine)、快諾芬(quinoxyfen)、普拔克鹽酸鹽(propamocarb hydrochloride)、氯化苦(chloropicrin)、邁隆(dazomet)、斯美地(metam-sodium)、滅芬農(metrafenone)、UBF-307、雙氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、安美速
(amisulbrom,別名amibromdole)、曼普胺(mandipropamid)、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)、加普胺(carpropamid)、消蟎多(meptyldinocap)、N-[(3',4'-二氯-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-三氟甲基-2-吡啶羧醯胺、N-[(3',4'-二氯-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-甲基-2-噻吩羧醯胺、N-[(3',4'-二氯-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-1-甲基-3-三氟甲基-4-吡唑羧醯胺、N-[[(2'-甲基-4'-(2-丙氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-三氟甲基-2-吡啶羧醯胺、N-[[(2'-甲基-4'-(2-丙氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-甲基-2-噻吩羧醯胺、N-[[(2'-甲基-4'-(2-丙氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-1-甲基-3-三氟甲基-4-吡唑羧醯胺、N-[[(4'-(2-丙氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-三氟甲基-2-吡啶羧醯胺、N-[[(4'-(2-丙氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-甲基-2-噻吩羧醯胺、N-[[(4'-(2-丙氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-1-甲基-3-三氟甲基-4-吡唑羧醯胺、N-[[(2'-甲基-4'-(2-戊氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-三氟甲基-2-吡啶羧醯胺、N-[[(4'-(2-戊氧基)-1,1-二甲基)苯醯甲基]-3-三氟甲基-2-吡啶羧醯胺、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、螺環菌胺(spiroxamine)、胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine)、唑嘧菌胺(ametoctradin)、S-2200、ZF-9646、BCM-061、BCM-062等。
前述其他農藥中之殺蟲劑、殺蟎劑、殺線蟲劑或殺土壤害蟲劑、亦即殺害蟲劑之有效成份化合物(一般名;包含部份申請中,或日本植物防疫協會試驗編號),可舉
例,如佈飛松(profenofos)、二氯松(dichlorvos)、芬滅松(fenamiphos)、撲滅松(fenitrothion)、EPN、大利松(diazinon)、陶斯松(chlorpyrifos)、甲基陶斯松(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、毆殺松(acephate)、普硫松(prothiofos)、福賽絕(fosthiazate)、加奪松(cadusafos)、二硫松(dislufoton)、加福松(isoxathion)、亞芬松(isofenphos)、愛殺松(ethion)、益多松(etrimfos)、拜裕松(quinalphos)、甲基毒蟲畏(dimethylvinphos)、大滅松(dimethoate)、甲丙硫磷(sulprofos)、硫滅松(thiometon)、繁米松(vamidothion)、白克松(pyraclofos)、必芬松(pyridaphenthion)、亞特松(pirimiphos-methyl)、加護松(propaphos)、裕必松(phosalone)、福木松(formothion)、馬拉松(malathion)、殺蟲畏(tetrachlorvinphos)、氯芬松(chlorfenvinphos)、氰乃松(cyanophos)、三氯松(trichlorfon)、滅大松(methidathion)、賽達松(phenthoate)、ESP、谷速松(azinphos-methyl)、芬殺松(fenthion)、飛達松(heptenophos)、甲氧氯(methoxychlor)、巴拉松(parathion)、磷蟲威(phosphocarb)、滅賜松(demeton-S-methyl)、亞素靈(monocrotophos)、達馬松(methamidophos)、新煙鹼類(imicyafos)、甲基對硫磷(parathion-methyl)、托
福松(terbufos)、福賜米松(phosphamidon)、益滅松(phosmet)、福瑞松(phorate)之有機磷酸酯系化合物;如加保利(carbaryl)、安丹(propoxur)、得滅克(aldicarb)、加保扶(carbofuran)、硫敵克(thiodicarb)、納乃得(methomyl)、毆殺滅(oxamyl)、愛芬克(ethiofencarb)、比加普(pirimicarb)、丁基滅必蝨(fenobucarb)、丁基加保扶(carbosulfan)、免扶克(benfuracarb)、免敵克(bendiocarb)、呋線威(furathiocab)、滅必蝨(isoprocarb)、治滅蝨(metolcarb)、滅爾蝨(xylylcarb)、XMC、芬硫克(fenothiocarb)之胺基甲酸酯系化合物;如培丹(cartap)、硫賜安(thiocyclam)、免速達(bensultap)、殺蟲雙(thiosultap-sodium)之沙蠶毒素(Nereis toxin)衍生物;如大克蟎(dicofol)、得脫蟎(tetradifon)、安殺番(endosulfan)、得氯蟎(dienochlor)、地特靈(dieldrin)之有機氯系化合物;如芬佈賜(fenbutatin oxide)、錫蟎丹(cyhexatin)之有機金屬系化合物;如芬化利(fenvalerate)、百滅寧(permethrin)、賽滅寧(cypermethrin)、第滅寧(deltamethrin)、賽洛寧(cyhalothrin)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、醚菊酯
(ethofenprox)、三氟醚菊酯(flufenprox)、賽扶寧(cyfluthrin)、芬普寧(fenpropathrin)、護賽寧(flucythrinate)、福化利(fluvalinate)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)、賽洛寧(lambda-cyhalothrin)、除蟲菊酯(pyrethrins)、益化利(esfenvalerate)、治滅寧(tetramethrin)、列滅寧(resmethrin)、普三菊酯(protrifenbute)、畢芬寧(bifenthrin)、傑他賽滅寧(zeta-cypermethrin)、阿納寧(acrinathrin)、亞滅寧(alpha-cypermethrin)、丙烯菊酯(allethrin)、伽瑪賽洛寧(gamma-cyhalothrin)、高效反式氯氰菊酯(theta-cypermethrin)、福化利(tau-fluvalinate)、泰滅寧(tralomethrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、高效氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、貝他賽扶寧(beta-cyfluthrin)、美特寧(metofluthrin)、酚丁滅蝨(phenothrin)、氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)之擬除蟲菊酯系化合物;如二福隆(diflubenzuron)、克福隆(chlorfluazuron)、得福隆(teflubenzuron)、氟芬隆(flufenoxuron)、殺鈴脲(triflumuron)、六伏隆(hexaflumuron)、祿芬隆(lufenuron)、諾伐隆(novaluron)、諾福隆(noviflumuron)、雙三氟蟲脲(bistrifluron)、吡蟲隆(fluazuron)之苯醯脲系化合物;如甲氧普烯(methoprene)、百利普芬(pyriproxyfen)、芬諾克(fenoxycarb)、苯蟲醚(diofenolan)之類保幼激
素化合物;如畢達本(pyridaben)之噠嗪系化合物;如芬普蟎(fenpyroximate)、芬普尼(fipronil)、得芬瑞(tebufenpyrad)、乙蟲清(ethiprole)、脫芬瑞(tolfenpyrad)、乙醯蟲腈(acetoprole)、吡嗪氟蟲腈(pyrafluprole)、吡啶氟蟲腈(pyriprole)之吡唑系化合物;如益達胺(imidacloprid)、烯啶蟲胺(nitenpyram)、亞滅培(acetamiprid)、賽果培(thiacloprid)、賽速安(thiamethoxam)、可尼丁(clothianidin)、尼達特南(nidinotefuran)、達特南(dinotefuran)、噻嗪(nithiazine)等之類尼古丁;如得芬諾(tebufenozide)、滅芬諾(methoxyfenozide)、可芬諾(chromafenozide)、氯蟲醯肼(halofenozide)等之聯胺系化合物;如氟尼胺(flonicamid)等之吡啶系化合物;如賜派芬(spirodiclofen)等之特窗酸系化合物;如嘧蟎酯(fluacrypyrim)等之甲氧基丙烯酸酯(Strobilurin)系化合物;如嘧蟲胺(flufenerim)等之嘧啶胺(pyrimidinamine)系化合物;二硝基系化合物;有機硫化合物;尿素系化合物;
三嗪系化合物;腙系化合物;另外,作為其他化合物,可例舉如布芬淨(buprofezin)、合賽多(hexythiazox)、三亞蟎(amitraz)、殺蟲脒(chlordimeform)、矽護芬(silafluofen)、唑蚜威(triazamate)、吡蚜酮(pymetrozine)、畢汰芬(pyrimidifen)、克凡派(chlorfenapyr)、因得克(indoxacarb)、亞醌蟎(acequinocyl)、依殺蟎(etoxazole)、賽滅淨(cyromazine)、1,3-二氯丙烯(1,3-dichloropropene)、汰芬隆(diafenthiuron)、苯環噻(benclothiaz)、必芬蟎(bifenazate)、螺甲蟎酯(spiromesifen)、賜派滅(spirotetramat)、毆蟎多(propargite)、克芬蟎(clofentezine)、美氟綜(metaflumizone)、氟蟲醯胺(flubendiamide)、賽芬蟎(cyflumetofen)、氯蟲苯甲醯胺(chlorantraniliprole)、晴酯(cyenopyrafen)、吡氟喹那松(pyrifluquinazone)、芬殺蟎(fenazaquin)、磺胺酯(amidoflumet)、氯代苯甲酸(chlorobenzoate)、氟蟲胺(sulfluramid)、愛美松(hydramethylnon)、聚乙醛(metaldehyde)、HGW-86、AKD-1022、利阿諾定(ryanodine)、啶蟲丙醚(pyridalyl)、增效炔醚(verbutin)之化合物;等。進而,亦可與如蘇力菌之Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai、Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki、Bacillus thuringiensis
israelensis、Bacillus thuringiensis japonensis、Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis、Bacillus thuringiensis等產生的結晶蛋白質毒素、昆蟲病原病毒劑、昆蟲病原絲狀菌劑、線蟲病原絲狀菌劑等之微生物農藥;如阿巴汀(avermectin)、因滅汀(emamectin Benzoate)、密滅汀(milbemectin)、米爾倍黴素(milbemycin)、賜諾殺(spinosad)、依維菌素(ivermectin)、雷皮菌素(lepimectin)、DE-175、阿巴汀(abamectin)、因滅汀(emamectin)、賜諾特(spinetoram)之抗生素及半合成抗生素;如印楝素(azadirachtin)、魚藤酮(rotenone)之天然物;如待乙妥(deet)之忌避劑等混用、併用。
本發明中,可採用各種施用方法,依對象植物、使用方法、製劑型態、施用量等之各種條件而適當分別使用,可列舉如後述之方法。
(1)將分別製劑調製成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)成份者,直接或以水等稀釋成規定濃度,因應需要,添加各種展著劑(界面活性劑、植物油、礦物油等),施用於對象植物。
(2-1)將一起製劑調製成份(a)及成份(b)者,及製劑調製成份(c)者,直接或以水等稀釋成規定濃度,因應需要,添加各種展著劑(界面活性劑、植物油、礦物油等),施用於對象植物。
(2-2)將一起製劑調製成份(a)及成份(c)者,及製劑調製成份(b)者,直接或以水等稀釋成規定濃
度,因應需要,添加各種展著劑(界面活性劑、植物油、礦物油等),施用於對象植物。
(2-3)將一起製劑調製成份(b)及成份(c)者,及製劑調製成份(a)者,直接或以水等稀釋成規定濃度,因應需要,添加各種展著劑(界面活性劑、植物油、礦物油等),施用於對象植物。
(3)將一起製劑調製成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)成份者,直接或以水等稀釋成規定濃度,因應需要,添加各種展著劑(界面活性劑、植物油、礦物油等),施用於對象植物。
於前述施用方法(1)及(2-1)~(2-3)中,對對象植物之施用係例如以水等稀釋成所需濃度稀釋時,可混合同時施用,或亦可將各個連續或分開適當間隔施用。使更有效地發揮本發明之效果係可同時施用成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)為宜。
本發明之成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)之使用濃度係依對象植物、使用方法、製劑型態、施用量等差異而不同,不能一律地規定,但於莖葉處理時,可以調整成成份(a)為0.1~2000 ppm為宜,以0.4~700 ppm尤佳,成份(b)為1~5000 ppm,以3~3000 ppm尤佳,成份(c)為0.5~2500 ppm,以0.8~1500 ppm尤佳。於土壤處理時,可以調整成成份(a)之施用量為10~500 g/ha為宜,以30~200 g/ha尤佳,成份(b)係以50~2000 g/ha為宜,以100~1000 g/ha尤佳,成份(c)為10~2000 g/ha,
以40~1000 g/ha尤佳。
成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)之適當混合重量比係相對於1重量份之成份(a),成份(b)係以1~100重量份為宜,以1~50重量份尤佳,以1~20重量份更好,成份(c)係以0.1~100重量份為宜,以0.1~50重量份尤佳,以0.1~20重量份更好。
本發明中各種製劑或該稀釋物的施用係可以通常一般所進行之施用方法,亦即散佈(例如散佈、噴霧、霧化(misting)、霧化(atomizing)、散粒、水面施用等)、土壤施用(混入、灌注等)、表面施用(塗佈、粉衣、被覆等)等而進行。另外,亦可依據所謂的超高濃度少量散佈法(ultra low volume)施用。此方法中,可含有100%之活性成份。
接著,舉例本發明所需型態。但是,本發明並非受此等局限者。
[1]施用成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)於植物為特徵之植物病害之防治方法。
[2]施用含有成份(a)與成份(b)之組成物、及成份(c)於植物為特徵之植物病害之防治方法。
[3]施用含有成份(a)與成份(c)之組成物、及成份(b)於植物為特徵之植物病害之防治方法。
[4]施用含有成份(b)與成份(c)之組成物、及成份(a)於植物為特徵之植物病害之防治方法。
[5]如前述[1]~[4]中任一項之防治方法,成份(c)之
固醇去甲基作用抑制劑係三唑系化合物、吡啶系化合物、哌嗪系化合物、嘧啶系化合物或咪唑系化合物,電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑係吡唑羧醯胺系化合物、吡啶羧醯胺系化合物、噻唑羧醯胺系化合物、氧硫雜環己二烯系化合物、吡啶基-乙基苯醯胺系化合物、呋喃碳醯胺系化合物或苯基-苯甲醯胺系化合物。
[6]如前述[1]~[4]中任一項之防治方法,成份(c)之固醇去甲基作用抑制劑係三唑系化合物或咪唑系化合物,電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑係吡唑羧醯胺系化合物、吡啶羧醯胺系化合物或吡啶基-乙基苯甲醯胺系化合物。
[7]如前述[1]~[4]中任一項之防治方法,成份(c)係選自環克座(cyproconazole)、苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、護矽得(flusilazole)、菲克利(hexaconazole)、易胺座(imibenconazole)、滅特座(metconazole)、平克座(penconazole)、普克利(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、矽氟唑(simeconazole)、得克利(tebuconazole)、四克利(tetraconazole)、三泰隆(triadimenol)、咪唑(oxpoconazole)、賽福座(triflumizole)、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、戊苯吡菌胺(penflufen)、聯苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam)、白克列(boscalid)、環苯吡菌胺(sedaxane)、氟唑菌醯胺(fluxapyroxad)及氟吡菌醯胺(fluopyram)所成群之至
少1種。
[8]如前述[1]~[4]中任一項之防治方法,成份(c)係選自苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、菲克利(hexaconazole)、滅特座(metconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、得克利(tebuconazole)、四克利(tetraconazole)、三泰隆(triadimenol)、咪唑(oxpoconazole)、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、白克列(boscalid)、環苯吡菌胺(sedaxane)、氟唑菌醯胺(fluxapyroxad)及氟吡菌醯胺(fluopyram)所成群之至少1種。
[9]如前述[1]~[8]中任一項之防治方法,以相對於1重量份之成份(a),成份(b)為1~100重量份,成份(c)為0.1~100重量份之混合重量比施用。
[10]如前述[1]~[9]中任一項之防治方法,同時施用成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)於植物。
[11]如前述[1]~[10]中任一項之防治方法係麥類病害之防治方法。
另外,本發明亦包含使用殺菌劑組成物或殺菌劑之組合。列舉如此情形之適合型態。但本發明並非受此等局限者。
[12]含有成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c)之殺菌劑組成物。
[13]含有成份(a)及成份(b),用以與成份(c)組
合使用之殺菌劑組成物。
[14]含有成份(a)及成份(c),用以與成份(b)組合使用之殺菌劑組成物。
[15]含有成份(b)及成份(c),用以與成份(a)組合使用之殺菌劑組成物。
[16]組合使用成份(a)、成份(b)及成份(c),用以防治植物病害。
[17]組合使用含有成份(a)及成份(b)之組成物,及成份(c),用以防治植物病害。
[18]組合使用含有成份(a)及成份(c)之組成物,及成份(b),用以防治植物病害。
[19]組合使用含有成份(b)及成份(c)之組成物,及成份(a),用以防治植物病害。
接著,記載關於本發明之試驗例,但本發明並非受此等限定者。
於直徑為7.5cm之塑膠缽,栽培小麥(品種:農林61號),達到1.5葉期時,將調整各試驗化合物成規定濃度之藥液,以噴霧槍散佈5ml/苗。藥液乾燥後,灑上白粉病的分生孢子,進行接種,保存於20℃之恆溫室內。接種6
~8天後,調查孢子形成面積,依後述計算求出防治價,該結果如第1表~第6表所示。另外,無處理區之孢子形成面積係除了以水取代藥液,以噴霧槍進行散佈以外,藉由進行與處理區相同的操作而求出。
防治價=(1-a/b)×100
a:處理區之孢子形成面積、b:無處理區之孢子形成面積
依據後述之Colby式,計算混用之理論值(防治價)。實驗值比理論值高時,本發明之殺菌劑組成物係對小麥白粉病具有相乘效果。此時依據Colby式之理論值係合併表示於第1表~第6表之( )內。
Colby式=(x+y+z)-(xy+xz+yz)/100+xyz/10000
x:單用成份(a)之防治價
y:單用成份(b)之防治價
z:單用成份(c)之防治價
於直徑為7.5cm之塑膠缽,栽培小麥(品種:農林61號),達到1.5葉期時,將調整各試驗化合物成規定濃度之藥液,以噴霧槍散佈5ml/苗。藥液乾燥後,灑上腐枯病的分生孢子懸浮液,進行接種,保存於20℃之接種箱內(濕度為95%以上)1天後,保存於20℃之恆溫室內。接種9至11天後,調查病斑面積,與試驗例1同樣地求出防治
價,該結果如第7表~第9表所示。另外,無處理區之病斑面積係除了以水取代藥液,以噴霧槍進行散佈以外,藉由進行與處理區相同的操作而求出。
另外,依據Colby式之理論值係合併表示於第7表~第9表之( )內。
Claims (8)
- 一種植物病害之防治方法,其特徵係將(a)3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶、(b)咪醯胺(Prochloraz)、及(c)選自固醇去甲基作用抑制劑(但是,咪醯胺(Prochloraz)除外)、及電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑所成群之至少1種殺菌劑,施用於植物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之防治方法,其中(c)之固醇去甲基作用抑制劑係三唑系化合物、吡啶系化合物、哌嗪系化合物、嘧啶系化合物或咪唑系化合物,電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑係吡唑羧醯胺系化合物、吡啶羧醯胺系化合物、噻唑羧醯胺系化合物、氧硫雜環己二烯系化合物、吡啶基-乙基苯醯胺系化合物、呋喃碳醯胺系化合物或苯基-苯甲醯胺系化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之防治方法,其中(c)之固醇去甲基作用抑制劑係三唑系化合物或咪唑系化合物,電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑係吡唑羧醯胺系化合物、吡啶羧醯胺系化合物或吡啶基-乙基苯甲醯胺系化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之防治方法,其中(c)係選自環克座(cyproconazole)、苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、護矽得(flusilazole)、菲克利 (hexaconazole)、易胺座(imibenconazole)、滅特座(metconazole)、平克座(penconazole)、普克利(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、矽氟唑(simeconazole)、得克利(tebuconazole)、四克利(tetraconazole)、三泰隆(triadimenol)、咪唑(oxpoconazole)、賽福座(triflumizole)、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、戊苯吡菌胺(penflufen)、聯苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam)、白克列(boscalid)、環苯吡菌胺(sedaxane)、氟唑菌醯胺(fluxapyroxad)及氟吡菌醯胺(fluopyram)所成群之至少1種。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之防治方法,其於莖葉處理時,成份(a)之施用量為0.1~2000 ppm,成份(b)之施用量為1~5000 ppm,成份(c)之施用量為0.5~2500 ppm。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之防治方法,其於土壤處理時,成份(a)之施用量為10~500 g/ha,成份(b)之施用量為50~2000 g/ha,成份(c)之施用量為10~2000 g/ha。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之防治方法,其係以相對於1重量份之成份(a),成份(b)為1~100重量份,成份(c)為0.1~100重量份之混合重量比施用。
- 一種殺菌劑組成物,其特徵係含有(a)3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯醯)-5-氯-2-甲氧 基-4-甲基吡啶、(b)咪醯胺(Prochloraz)、及(c)選自固醇去甲基作用抑制劑(但是,咪醯胺(Prochloraz)除外)、及電子傳遞系複合體Ⅱ抑制劑所成群之至少1種殺菌劑。
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