SU783157A1

SU783157A1 - Two-way switch of stream in pneumatic conveying unit

Info

Publication number: SU783157A1
Application number: SU792709467A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Гилярий Семенович Миркис; Борис Теодорович Светлов; Виктор Львович Новик
Original assignee: Ленинградский Государственный Проектный Институт Промышленности Строительных Материалов
Priority date: 1979-01-05
Filing date: 1979-01-05
Publication date: 1980-11-30

Description

Изобретение относится к пневмати вескому транспорту сыпучих материалов и предназначено преимущественно для использования в системах пневматического транспорта абразивных ма- 5 териалов, например цемента. Переключатель может быть использован также в качестве распределителя воздушных потоков в системах вентиляции воздуха.The invention relates to pneumatics and bulk transport of bulk materials and is intended primarily for use in pneumatic transport systems of abrasive materials, for example cement. The switch can also be used as a distributor of air flows in air ventilation systems.

Известен двухходовой переключа- Ю тель потока пневмотранспортной установки, содержащий корпус с входным и выходными патрубками,и размещенную в корпусе перекидную заслонку, выполненную в виде эластичной диафрагмы, 15 закрепленной по линии пересечения выходных патрубков [1] .A two-way flow switch of a pneumatic conveying installation is known, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, and a flapper located in the housing, made in the form of an elastic diaphragm 15 fixed along the intersection line of the outlet nozzles [1].

В известном переключателе к свободному краю диафрагмы прикреплен дугообразный каркас, связанный с приво-20 дом. При такой конструкции диафрагма, выгибаясь в сторону перекрытого патрубка, образует трубу неизменного поперечного сечения, что создает оптимальные условия для давления воз- 25 душного потока и транспортируемого материала.In the known switch, an arched frame connected to the drive-20 house is attached to the free edge of the diaphragm. With this design, the diaphragm, bending towards the blocked nozzle, forms a pipe of constant cross-section, which creates optimal conditions for the pressure of the air flow and the transported material.

Однако в таком переключателе дугообразный каркас, используемый для перебрасывания перекидной заслонки, 30 при прижатии последней к стенке корпуса работает на изгиб и кручение, поэтому не может быть большого усилия, необходимого для плотного прижатия перекидной заслонки. Кроме того, при транспортировке смесей с высокой концентрацией абразивных материалов (например, цемент) и с большой скоростью возможно полное истирание дугообразного каркаса.However, in such a switch, the arcuate frame used to toss the flapper 30, while pressing the latter against the wall of the casing, works on bending and torsion, therefore there can be no great effort required to tightly press the flapper. In addition, when transporting mixtures with a high concentration of abrasive materials (for example, cement) and at high speed, complete abrasion of the arc-shaped frame is possible.

Целью изобретения является' повьшение надежности в работе.The aim of the invention is to 'increase reliability in operation.

Цель достигается тем, что часть диафрагмы закреплена в полости входного патрубка, а в стенке последнего, в местах прилегания к ней диафрагмы, выполнены сквозные отверстия, поочередно сообщаемые с источником сжатого воздуха и. с атмосферой.The goal is achieved by the fact that part of the diaphragm is fixed in the cavity of the inlet pipe, and through holes are made in the wall of the latter, in places where the diaphragm is adjacent to it, through holes are made, alternately communicating with the source of compressed air and. with the atmosphere.

Кроме того, на внутренней поверхности стенки входного патрубка выполнены канавки, каждая из которых соединена с одним из упомянутых отверстий .In addition, grooves are made on the inner surface of the wall of the inlet pipe, each of which is connected to one of the said openings.

При этом свободный край диафрагмы армирован упругой полосой.In this case, the free edge of the diaphragm is reinforced with an elastic strip.

На фиг. 1 показан предлагаемый переключатель в разрезе; на фиг. 2 разрез А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 узел I на фиг. -1; на фиг. 4 - узел ПIn FIG. 1 shows the proposed switch in the context; in FIG. 2, section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 node I in FIG. -1; in FIG. 4 - node P

на фиг. in FIG. 2; 2; на фиг. 5 - разрез Б~Б in FIG. 5 - section B ~ B -фиг. -Fig. •4; •4; на on the фиг. FIG. 6 6 - узел Г - node G 1 1 на 1 1 on фиг. FIG. •2; • 2; на on the фиг. FIG. 7 7 - разрез - incision В-В на Bb on фиг. FIG. 1; 1; на on the фиг. FIG. 8 8 - разрез - incision Г-Г на Gg on фиг. FIG. 7; 7; на on the фиг. FIG. 9 9 - разрез - incision Д-Д на Dd on фиг . FIG. 8. 8.

Двухходовой переключатель содержит корпус 1 с входным 2 и выходными 3 и 4 патрубками. Корпус выполнен разъемным в продольной плоскости симметрии относительно патрубков 3 и 4. В корпусе размещена перекидная заслонка 5 в виде эластичной диафрагмы, закрепленной по незамкнутому контуру в плоскости разъема корпуса 1, со свободным краем, армированным упругой полосой 6, шарнирно опертой на· патрубок 2 на линии его разъема. Упругая полоса 6 своими концами 7 выходит из перекидной заслонки 5. На каждом конце 7 полосы 6 смонтирован цилиндрический стержень 8, выполненный с диаметральной прорезью 9, в которую входит конец 7 полосы 6. Патрубок 2 в местах прилегания перекидной заслонки 5 имеет отверстия 10. К патрубку 2 присоединены трубки 11 и 12, соединяющие через отверстия 10 полость переключателя с имеющими электропривод пневмоклапанами 13 и 14 и источником сжатого воздуха (не показан). Пневмоклапаны 13 и 14 электрически связаны между собой'так, что когда один из них соединяет трубку 11 (12) с источником сжатого воздуха, то второй перекрывает трубку 12 (11) соответственно. К трубкам 11 и 12 подсоединены трубки 15 и 16, сое диняющие их с обратными клапанами 17 и 18. Каждый обратный клапаны содержат корпус 19 и эластичный лепесток 29, отгибаемый внутрь корпуса пружиной 21. На внутренней поверхности патрубка 2 выполнены расходящиеся от отверстий 10 канавки а.Two-way switch contains a housing 1 with input 2 and output 3 and 4 nozzles. The housing is made detachable in the longitudinal plane of symmetry relative to the nozzles 3 and 4. The housing has a flapper 5 in the form of an elastic diaphragm fixed along an open circuit in the plane of the housing connector 1, with a free edge reinforced by an elastic strip 6 pivotally supported on the · pipe 2 on lines of its connector. The elastic strip 6 with its ends 7 exits the flap 5. At each end 7 of the strip 6 is mounted a cylindrical rod 8 made with a diametrical slot 9, which includes the end 7 of the strip 6. The pipe 2 at the contact points of the flap 5 has holes 10. K the pipe 2 is connected to the pipe 11 and 12, connecting through the holes 10 of the switch cavity with electrically driven pneumatic valves 13 and 14 and a source of compressed air (not shown). The pneumatic valves 13 and 14 are electrically connected to each other, so that when one of them connects the tube 11 (12) to a source of compressed air, the second shuts off the tube 12 (11), respectively. Tubes 15 and 16 are connected to the tubes 11 and 12, connecting them to the check valves 17 and 18. Each check valves contain a housing 19 and an elastic tab 29, bent into the housing by a spring 21. On the inner surface of the pipe 2, grooves a diverging from the holes 10 are made and .

Переключатель работает следующим образом.The switch operates as follows.

Для подачи смеси транспортируемого материала и воздуха в направлении от патрубка 2 к патрубку 4 перекидная заслонка 5 находится в исходном положении, прилегая к внутренней поверхности патрубка 2 и перекрывая патрубок 3, и соединяет патрубок 2 с патрубком 4, образуя совместно с ними трубу, поперечное сечение которой неизменно по всей длине. Пневмоклапаны 13 и 14 перекрывают трубки 11 и 12. Эластичный лепесток 20 обратного клапана 17 отогнут пружиной 21 внутрь корпуса 19, и выпуклая сторона перекидной заслонки 5 соединена через отверстие 10, трубки 11 и 15 и обратный клапан 17 с атмосферой. Устойчивое положение перекидной заслонки 5 обеспечивается разностью давлений, а имен но статического давления в среде тран спортируемой смеси и давления атмосферы, с которой соединена выпуклая сторона перекидной заслонки. Кроме того, свободный край перекидной заслонки 5 прижат к внутренней поверхности патрубка 2 упругой полосой 6.To supply the mixture of transported material and air in the direction from the nozzle 2 to the nozzle 4, the flapper 5 is in the initial position, adjacent to the inner surface of the nozzle 2 and overlapping the nozzle 3, and connects the nozzle 2 to the nozzle 4, forming a cross section with them which invariably along the entire length. Pneumatic valves 13 and 14 overlap the tubes 11 and 12. The elastic flap 20 of the check valve 17 is bent by a spring 21 into the housing 19, and the convex side of the flapper 5 is connected through the hole 10, the pipes 11 and 15 and the check valve 17 to the atmosphere. The stable position of the flapper 5 is ensured by the pressure difference, namely the static pressure in the medium of the transported mixture and the atmospheric pressure, to which the convex side of the flap is connected. In addition, the free edge of the flapper 5 is pressed against the inner surface of the pipe 2 by an elastic strip 6.

В это же время давление в среде транспортируемой смеси, действующее через трубки 12 и 16, прижимает эластичный лепесток 20 обратного клапана 18 к его корпусу, закрывая тем самым обратный клапан 18 и выход в атмосферу из корпуса. 1 переключателя.At the same time, the pressure in the medium of the transported mixture, acting through the tubes 12 and 16, presses the elastic lobe 20 of the check valve 18 to its body, thereby closing the check valve 18 and the outlet to the atmosphere from the body. 1 switch.

⁴ Для переключения направления воздушного потока на пневмоклапан 13 подается электрический импульс. Пневмоклапан 13 соединяет трубку 11 с источником сжатого воздуха. Струя сжатого воздуха от пневмоклапана 13 перебрасывает перекидную заслонку 5 на противоположную сторону патрубка 2, ⁴ To switch the direction of the air flow to the pneumatic valve 13, an electric pulse is supplied. A pneumatic valve 13 connects the tube 11 to a source of compressed air. A jet of compressed air from the pneumatic valve 13 throws the flapper 5 to the opposite side of the pipe 2,

В момент переброски давление сжатого воздуха, действующее через патрубки 11 и 15, закрывает обратный клапан 17.At the time of transfer, the compressed air pressure acting through the nozzles 11 and 15 closes the check valve 17.

Заделанная в перекидную заслонку упругая полоса 6 под ударом струи сжатого воздуха теряет устойчивость в направлении наибольшей гибкости, перебрасывается вместе с перекидной заслонкой 5 и, заняв устойчивое положение на противоположной стороне патрубка 2, удерживает там перекидную заслонку 5. Последняя, заняв новое положение, образует совместно с патрубками 2 и 3 единую трубу неизменного поперечного сечения по всей длине, и воздушный поток получает новое направление.The elastic strip 6 inserted into the flap flap under the impact of a compressed air stream loses stability in the direction of greatest flexibility, is thrown together with the flap flap 5 and, having taken a stable position on the opposite side of the nozzle 2, holds the flap 5 there. The latter, taking a new position, forms together with pipes 2 and 3, a single pipe of constant cross-section along the entire length, and the air flow receives a new direction.

Claims

This invention relates to the ViecKONty pneumatic transport of bulk materials and is intended primarily for use in pneumatic transport systems for abrasive materials, such as cement. The switch can also be used as an air flow distributor in air ventilation systems. A two-way flow switch of a pneumatic conveying installation is known, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, and a reversing flap located in the housing, made in the form of an elastic diaphragm fixed along the intersection line of the exhaust manifolds. one . In a known switch, a shaped frame connected to the drive is attached to the free edge of the diaphragm. With this design, the diaphragms are bent toward the blocked nozzle, forming a pipe of unchanged cross section, which creates optimal conditions for the pressure of the air flow and the material being transported. However, in such a switch arcs shaped frame used for p. reversing the flap, while pressing it against the wall of the body works for bending and torsion, therefore there can not be a large force required to tightly press the flap. In addition, when transporting mixtures with a high concentration of abrasive materials (for example, cement) and at high speeds, complete abrasion of the arcuate frame is possible. The aim of the invention is to increase reliability in operation. The goal is achieved by the fact that a part of the diaphragm is fixed in the cavity of the inlet nozzle, and in the wall of the latter, at the points of contact with the diaphragm, through holes are made, alternately communicating with a source of compressed air and with the atmosphere. In addition, grooves are made on the inner surface of the wall of the inlet nozzle, each of which is connected to one of said apertures. At the same time, the free edge of the diaphragm is reinforced with an elastic band. FIG. 1 shows the proposed switch in section; in fig. 2, section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3, node I in FIG. -11 in FIG. 4 — node AND in FIG. 2 in FIG. 5 - on, fig. -four; in fig. b - iTj node in FIG. 2; in fig. 7 is a section bb of FIG. I, in FIG. 8 - section G-Y in FIG. 7; in fig. 9 cut dd in FIG. 8. Two-way switch contains body 1 with input 2 and output 3 and 4 branch pipes. The body is made detachable in the longitudinal plane of symmetry with respect to nozzles 3 and 4. In the body there is a flip-flop 5 in the form of elastic fins | agma fixed along an open circuit in the plane of the connector of the body 1, with a free edge 6, hinged on; pipe 2 on the line of its connector. The strip 6 with its ends 7 comes out of the flip valve 5. At each end 7 of the strip 6 a cylindrical rod 8 is mounted, made with a diametrically slit 9 in which the end 7 of the strip 6 enters. The branch pipe 2 at the points of the flush valve 5 has holes 10 Tubes 11 and 12 are connected to nozzle 2, connecting the switch cavity through the openings 10 with electrically driven pneumatic valves 13 and 14 and a source of compressed air (not shown). Ineval valves 13 and 14 are electrically interconnected so as THT: О when one of them connects the tube 11 (12) with a source of compressed air, the second barbs the tube 12 (11), respectively. Tubes 11 and 12 are connected to tubes 15 and 16, which connect them with non-return valves JI 17 and 18. Each non-return valves contain a housing 19 and an elastic petal 20, which is bent back into the housing by a spring 21. On the inner surface of the tube 2, the flow tube is diverted from holes 10 grooves a. The switch works as follows. To feed the mixture of transported material and air in the direction from nozzle 2 to nozzle 4, the reversing flap 5 is in the initial position, adjacent to the inner surface of nozzle 2 and overlapping the tubes 3, and connects the nozzle 2 with nozzle 4, forming a pipe with them, the cross section of which is constant along the entire length. The pneumatic valves 13 and 14 overlap the pipes 11 and 12. The elastic petal 20 of the check valve 17 is bent by the spring 21 of the inner housing 19, and the side of the flush valve 5 is convex connected through the pipe 10, the pipes 11 and 15 and the reverse valve 17 with the atmosphere. The stable position of the reversing flap 5 is ensured by the pressure difference, but the static pressure in the medium of the mixture to be transported and the pressure of the atmosphere with which the convex side of the flap valve is connected. In addition, the free edge of the flap 5 is pressed to the inner surface of the pipe 2 by an elastic strip 6. At the same time, the pressure in the medium of the transported mixture, acting through the tubes 12 and 1, presses the elastic petal 20 of the check valve 18 to its body, thereby closing the reverse valve 18 and exit to the atmosphere from the housing 1 switch. An electric impulse is supplied to switch the airflow direction to p (the Evaporator 13 valve. Pneumatic valve 13 connects pipe 11 with a source of compressed air. A compressed air jet from pneumatic valve 13 flips the reversing flap 5 on the opposite side of nozzle 2, At the moment of transfer, the pressure of compressed air acting through nozzles 11 to 15, closes the non-return valve 17. The elastic strip B, attached to the reversing flap 5, under the impact of the jet of compressed air loses stability in the direction of greatest flexibility, moving together with the reversing flap 5 and, in a stable position on the opposite side of the pipe 2, holds the reversing valve 5 there. The latter, in a new position, forms together with the pipes 2 and 3 a single pipe of unchanged cross section along the entire length and air flow Receives a new p. board. The formula of the invention 1. A two-way flow switch of a pneumotransport unit, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet connections, and a reversing flap placed in the housing, made in the form of an elastic A ragma fixed along the intersection line of the outlet pipes, characterized in that, in order to increase its reliability in operation, a part of the diaphragm is fixed in the cavity of the inlet pipe and in the wall of the latter, at the points of the diaphragm adjoining it, through holes source of compressed air and atmosphere.

2. The switch according to claim 1, about the t of which is due to the fact that on the inner surface of the wall of the inlet nozzle there are made grooves, each of which is connected to one of the said holes o

3. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the free edge of the diaphragm is reinforced with an elastic band. Sources of Inventory taken into account during the examination 1 USSR Author's Certificate No. 472083, cl. 65 Q 53/56, 1973 (prototype). , l

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