SU756058A1 - I.c. engine operation method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely, engine, and concerns the methods of operation of internal combustion engines with supercharging.

Known methods of operation of internal combustion engines (ICE) with supercharging, 5 according to which the blowing and filling of the engine cylinders is performed by an unseparated air flow from the supercharging unit [1].

One of the drawbacks of the known methods of operation of the internal combustion engine is the presence of losses _{10 of a} certain part of the charge air to purge the cylinders. These losses reach the highest values in two-stroke ICEs, in which, due to the significant content of purge air in the exhaust gases, the gas temperature in front of the turbine decreases and the organization of the gas turbine pressurization is difficult.

Also known is a method of operating an internal combustion engine cylinder by blowing inoperative body, filling with compressed air, fuel combustion, expansion of use ²⁰ used energy combustion products in the exhaust, later otrabo2 energy

thawed gases and a purge body for air compression and cylinder cooling [2].

This method allows to reduce the loss of charge air to purge the cylinder and somewhat reduce the energy costs of compressing air in the charge unit. However, this method of operation of an internal combustion engine with supercharging still does not completely exclude the loss of charge air to purge the engine cylinder.

The aim of the present invention is to increase efficiency and increase engine power.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the cylinders are cooled by washing their surface with liquid and subsequent cooling of this liquid during the evaporation process, and the resulting vapor is used as a non-working body for purging. In addition, the steam used for purging is additionally heated by the exhaust gases, and also served in a mixture with the exhaust gases after the joint expansion of this mixture in the process of using its energy to produce compressed air.

756058

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The drawing shows two possible

schematic connection systems of the engine with supercharging, allowing to implement the proposed method of operation of the engine.

Water heated in the cooling cavities of the engine 1 cylinders is fed to the waste heat boiler 2, where it is additionally heated by the heat of the exhaust. Water is cooled in the steam separator 3 due to heat removal during water boiling, after which, with the help of the circulation pump 4, cooled water is again supplied to the cooling cavities of the engine 1 cylinders. The generated steam is directed through pipeline 5 to the engine inlet valves of the cylinders 1. These valves through a separate pipeline 6 are supplied with charge air from a compressor 7, which is driven by a steam-gas turbine 8. Non-operating body (steam) and compressed (charge) air flows into the internal combustion engine cylinders across enno. At the end of the exhaust process in the cylinder steam is supplied, purging it. After completion of the purge, the steam supply is stopped and the process of filling the cylinder with compressed air begins. Then the fuel is burned in the cylinders of the engine 1, using the energy of expansion of the combustion products in the form of mechanical work on the crankshaft, as well as the energy of the exhaust gases and the purge body to compress the air in the compressor 7 driven by the turbine 8. To cool the cylinders in this In this case, high-temperature evaporative cooling is used, which consists in the fact that the cylinders are cooled by washing their surface with liquid, heating the latter in the recovery boiler 2 due to the heat of exhaust their gases and the subsequent cooling of this liquid in the process of evaporation in the steam separator 3. The resulting vapor is used for purging. Steam, combining with the exhaust gases, is heated and forms a vapor-gas mixture, which, in turn, heats up in the waste-heat boiler 2 the water entering the steam separator 3.

Blowing a cylinder (predominantly a two-stroke engine) can be carried out not with clean steam, but with a mixture of steam and part of the cooled vapor gas. Steam to purge is supplied in a mixture with exhaust gases after the joint expansion of this mixture in the process of using its energy in the turbine 8 to obtain compressed air

in the compressor 7. For this purpose, a pipe 9 is connected to the exhaust line behind the waste-heat boiler 2, through which part of the steam gas cooled in the heat-recovery boiler is fed to the mixing chamber of the jet pump 10, from where the mixture of steam gas with clean steam is directed to the intake valves of the engine 1.

Thus, using the example of a specific use of the proposed method, it can be seen that the engine cylinder can be purged without the cost of air from the pressurized unit. This will make it possible to save on charge the charge air up to 17% in four-stroke engines and up to 45% in two-stroke engines. This can lead to an increase in power, an increase in the economy of gas turbine supercharged engines and an expansion of the capabilities of supercharging units in two-stroke engines.

Claims (3)

Claim 1. The method of operation of the engine internal combustion by blowing cylinders with a non-working body, filling them with compressed air, burning fuel, using the energy of expanding the combustion products, exhausting gases, then using the energy of exhaust gases and blowing bodies to compress the air and cool the cylinders, the fact that, in order to increase efficiency and increase engine power, the cylinders are cooled by washing their surface with liquid and subsequent cooling of this liquid in the process paired, and the resulting steam is used as purge nonworking body. 2. The method according to π. 1, characterized in that the steam used for purging is additionally heated by the exhaust gases of the engine. 3. The method according to π. 1, characterized in that the steam for purging is served in a mixture with the exhaust gases after the joint expansion of this mixture in the process of using its energy to obtain compressed air.