SU68214A1 - Bit gap - Google Patents

Description

Discharge gaps, designed for heavy loads, are widely used in electrical engineering. The most significant disadvantage that limits the use of discharge gaps is the destruction of the electrodes under the action of the discharge. It is possible, using an inert gaseous medium as electrodes, to apply. When using such discharge gaps, one has to face the fact that when the gap is filled with gas under relatively high pressure (to achieve high voltage breakdown), the breakdown voltage of the gas gap becomes higher than the blocking voltage on the inner surface of the vessel walls. The overlap along the wall leads to the disruption of the regular operation of the discharge gap.

According to the invention, to eliminate this drawback, it is proposed to use spark or bug discharge gaps with a single mercury electrode in such a temperature that the mercury always remains in the places intended for it and the path for discharge along the walls would be many times longer than the immediate distance. between the electrodes. In this case, surface closures will not take place and each time the sample will be in a gaseous environment. This is achieved by making the upper electrode in the form of a cylinder, the end of which can be metallic or can be a quartz cup filled with it.

The drawing shows examples of two designs of the discharge gap.

In version L, the top electrode is an electrically conductive cylinder /, the front surface 2 of which is made rough or covered with a spongy metal (e.g. tungsten). Then mercury adheres well to the end and is held on the metal. The metal input introduced into the glass is cooled either by an air radiator or

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(for powerful arresters) with water cooling. Mercury vapor condenses on the cooled surface and thereby compensates for the loss of mercury from the lower electrode 3, which occurs due to evaporation in the discharge.

You can modify this design (option) and use as the upper electrode a quartz slat 4 filled with mercury.

For a discharge gap of relatively low power, which is slightly heated during operation, the entire discharge must be placed in a heating furnace 5. This will increase the pressure of mercury vapor and increase the amount of condensing mercury.

Subject invention

A discharge gap with mercury electrodes and with a heated discharge space, characterized in that in order to compensate for the evaporation of mercury from the electrodes by its deposition from a gaseous medium, an electrically conductive cylinder cooled from the inside is used at the bottom end of which mercury vapor can condense resulting from the above heating.

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