SU517520A1 - A device for building a panoramic perspective - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to drawing instruments for building panoramic perspectives on a cylindrical surface and can be used in architecture, topography, geology, road construction with an in-depth image of large areas.

A known device for building a panoramic perspective, mounted on a rectangular frame, in the couplings of which two rods move. A ruler is attached to the rods, connected to the disk with the help of a thread moving the carriage with a writing tip. The radial slot of the disk is pivotally connected to the slide of the instrument frame. Two accessories are attached to the instrument: a circular protractor and an amplitude gauge.

The disadvantages of the known device: the cumbersome construction of a perspective projection of each depicted point; the inability to bypass and continuous drawing perspectives of flat curved lines, as well as a change in the scale of the resulting invention.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the process of building panoramic perspective images of complex spatial objects.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the disk is mounted on a guide, the device for determining the coordinates consists of two rotary rulers mounted on the disk axis, one of which is fixed to the disk and carries a carriage with a dowel pin, and two elevation rulers perpendicular to the first rotary ruler. and each connected with two pivotally connected sliders with a second swivel ruler. One of the ruler heights is rigidly fixed on a carriage with a dowel pin, and the other on the first rotary ruler, at a distance from the disk axis equal to its radius, and connected by a flexible shaft with a cable-block transfer of a carriage with a writing tip. In the tiller transmission applied speed variators.

The drawing shows the proposed device.

A carriage 2 is fixed on the guide 1, around the center 3 of which the ruler 4 can be rotated along with the disk 5 placed under the drawing board 6. The ruler 4 moves the carriage 7 with the bypass edge carrying the ruler 8 heights. The ruler 9 can also be rotated around the center 3, which is connected to the ruler 8 by a double roller carriage 10.

Claims (2)

Perpendicular to ruler 4 at a distance of radius R of disk 5 from center 3, a ruler of 11 perspective heights is attached, carrying a double roller carriage 12 connecting the rulers 9 and 11. If ruler 4 rotates and install carriage 7 with a bypass edge above the horizontal projection L , then on the edge of the half-disk we get the point AI - the horizontal projection of the panoramic perspective of point A. At the same time, arc XI is equal to one of the perspective coordinates of this point. If the double carriage 10 is installed on the ruler 8 at the Z level of the imaged point above the horizon plane, then on the ruler I we will get the size Z equal to the second perspective coordinate of point A. Thus, the left part of the device serves to determine the panoramic perspective coordinates of the imaged points by their planes and elevations. The right part of the device is a coordinate type builder. Along the guide 1, a carriage 13 moves, carrying a ruler 14 with a carriage 15, on which a search tip is mounted. The transfer of perspective coordinates X and Z to the builder is carried out as follows. For the transfer of coordinates A, a cable-block system is used, the cable of which covers the rollers 16, 17 and the disk 5 and is attached to it at points D and B. There are two grooves for the cable on the end of the half-disk. A stepless variator 18 is located on the same axis as the roller 17, which allows smoothly changing and setting the required gear ratio for moving the carriage 13 attached to the cable of this system. To transmit the Z coordinates, a flexible shaft 19 is applied, the edges of the casing of which are rigidly attached at points C and E, respectively, to the base of the ruler 11 and to the carriage 13. The inner rod of the flexible shaft, which is longer than the casing, is attached to the carriage 12 at one end, the movement of which along the ruler 11 determines the value of Z. The other end of the rod is pressed against the roller 21 by the idle roller and rotates it when moving. The rotational movement of the roller 21 by means of the cable 22 and the roller 23 informs the forward movement of the carriage 15, equal to the value Z. The system of this gear includes a continuously variable variator 24, which allows smoothly changing the transmission ratio to move the carriage 15. The device operates as follows. The original plan of the object, defined by isolines with numerical marks, is attached under the bypass edge with the required rotation relative to the center of the projection. A blank sheet of paper is fastened under the squeaking tip. Then, a bypass edge leads to the contour isolines of the plan, starting from the highest. Preliminary, the carriage 10 is fixed on the elevator 8 at the level of the excess of this contour above the horizon plane. When tracing a pencil device will automatically draw a scan of the panoramic perspective of the imaged surface. The device can build images of isolines located above the horizon and below it. In both cases, you can use the elevation ruler 8. Only the attachment of the carriage 15 to the different branches of the cable varies. To obtain the required image scale, it is necessary to establish certain gear ratios on variators 18 and 24. Note that the change in the scale of the resulting image can be interpreted as a corresponding change in the radius of the picture surface of the cylinder. Claim 1. A device for building a panoramic perspective, containing a fixed guide, perpendicular to it and mounted on it with a slider ruler, carrying a carriage with a cutting edge, a rotary disk, kinematically connected with cable-type transmissions with a ruler and carriage, and determining panoramic perspective coordinates of the depicted points, characterized in that, in order to simplify the construction process, the disk is mounted on a guide, a device for determining the coordinates consists IT of two rotary rulers mounted on the disk axis, one of which is bonded to the disk and carries a carriage with a dowel pin, and two height rucks perpendicular to the first rotary ruler and connected each with two pivotally connected sliders with a second rotary ruler, one of the ruler heights is rigidly fixed on the carriage with a dowel pin, and the other on the first swivel ruler, at a distance from the disk axis equal to its radius, and using a flexible shaft connected with a cable-block transfer of the carriage with a writing tip. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to enable the zooming of the image, speed variators are used in the tandem gears. Sources of information taken into account in the examination: USSR Author's Certificate No. 160321 M. Kl. B 431 13/14.