SU47865A1 - The method of preparation of the preparation of anabasin for the purpose of combating agricultural pests - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for preparing anabasin preparation for combating agricultural pests.

Alkaloid Anabasin was discovered by prof. Walnuts in the wild plant Anabasis aphilla in 1926. Already in 1929 its sulfuric acid salt (Anabasine sulfate) was used to combat pests in the plant protection system.

The studies of the Institute of Plant Protection by the author of the present invention showed that the toxicity of anabazine salts is not the same and is related to the degree of dissociation of the acid that is part of the salt, and the slightly dissociated salts turned out to be even more toxic than the anabasine base.

Salts of strong acids, for example, anabazine sulfate, were found to be more toxic by toxicity than anabasin base and incomparably weaker than salts of weak acids. In particular, the anabazine carbonate obtained by the author is one of the first in terms of toxicity.

To obtain anabasin preparations, the latter is treated directly or in solution with weakly dissociated acids or their anhydrides. The resulting anabasine salts are separated from the solution.

The production of chemically pure anabasine carbonate is complicated by its unusual hygroscopicity, as a result of which

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to obtain this salt in a dry crystalline form is not successful. The highest concentration of anabasine carbonate is obtained under conditions of transmission to the solution of anabazine in absolute ether of carbonic acid, formed as a result of decomposition when heated with sodium bicarbonate, and reaches 96% of anabasine carbonate. At the same time, it had a consistency of a thick, almost immobile liquid, which has a thinness in places, consisting, as can be seen through a magnifying glass, of small, colorless crystals.

Technical anabasine carbonate can be obtained from technical anabasine in aqueous solution by passing carbonic anhydride, for which, for example, flue and similar gases can be used. Under these conditions, the satellites of anabasine, namely: lupinioste aphillin and aphillidine, giving 14% of the total amount of alkaloids, also form carbonate salts. An interesting fact is that anabasine monocarbonate in aqueous solutions, even concentrations, is extremely stable and does not emit carbonic anhydride in case of long standing.

The subject invention is neither.

1. The method of preparation of the preparation of anabasin for the purpose of combating pests. agriculture, characterized in that the anabasine in solution is either directly treated with slightly dissociated acids or anhydrides of the latter, for example, carbonic or hydrogen sulfide acids, and the resulting salts of the anabasine base are separated from the solution.

2. Acceptance of the method described in p. 1, characterized in that the base of the anabasin is treated with gases containing carbon dioxide, for example, flue gases.