SU42541A1 - Crucible for catalyst preparation - Google Patents

Description

The most common crucibles for the oxidative melting of metalic iron to produce ammonia synthesis catalysts usually consist of an iron casing with a refractory (often magnesite) lining.

During the oxidative melting of iron in such crucibles, a very high temperature develops, with a yield of about 2000 ° and sometimes more than 2000 °. At this temperature, due to the high elasticity of the oxygen of the iron oxides, the oxidation process is very delayed, most of the activators (for example, CsO, NajO, etc.) evaporate, and the remaining do not form the desired compounds.

. In addition, the oxygen blowing is given from above, so the surface of the molten mass is cooled and there comes a time when an upper hard crust of iron oxides is formed, and inside the still molten mass of oxides has a heterogeneous composition different from FejOi.

All of these shortcomings do not allow to obtain a highly active catalyst.

The subject of the present invention is a crucible which would make it possible to eliminate the indicated disadvantages by improving the method of preparation.

catalysts by oxidation of metallic iron.

The appropriate design was an iron crucible with water cooling.

It can be seen from the accompanying drawing that it consists of four parts: the main body /, the case 2 of the refrigerator, the plug 3 for feeding and draining the water and the bottom 4 of the refrigerator (and the crucibles).

The entire device is a crucible clear from the drawing.

The material for the manufacture of all parts of the crucible is iron or ordinary semi-finished steel.

Cooling water washes the entire crucible body.

Melting in a crucible is carried out as follows. Cooling water is first released, then with the aid of a gas-oxygen flame, iron (or steel) is melted with oxygen, which flows to the bottom of the crucible, and then melting is carried out either by the known method or according to the method described in copyright certificate No. 38135.

Due to the cold walls of the crucible, the molten mass of iron oxides does not melt at all, and this makes it possible to have a high purity of operation and to obtain catalysts without any contamination (this is not

can be achieved in crucibles having a refractory lining, as always a small fraction of the oxides of the lining is fused to iron oxides).

At the end of melting, due to the cold walls of the crucible, the mass quickly sets, which is useful for obtaining homogeneous, highly active catalysts.

The resulting ingot is turned upside down easily, due to the absence of fusing and broadening in the upper part. The molten mass of crucibles with refractory lining is usually poured onto iron sheets or into molds. This design frees one from this unpleasant operation.

Upon ejection of the finished catalyst, the melting process is repeated and thus continuity in operation is carried out.

In addition to iron catalysts for ammonia synthesis, the crucible is suitable for the production of artificial magnetite and products from it by burning oxygen in oxygen, as well as products from iron oxides with a high content of ferrous oxide.

The subject matter of the invention.

Application for the preparation of the catalyst according to the method described in the author's certificate No. 38135 of the crucible with external water cooling.