SU37096A1 - Method of making glucosides - Google Patents

Description

It is known that extracts of various plants, such as cracks, Montenegrin and Lily of the Valley, contain some substances that affect heart function.

The presently used forms of using these substances in the form of aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic extracts represent a number of inconveniences, namely: 1) a large number of extraneous (ballast) substances, often physiologically active, 2) the content of the active principle varies considerably depending on the quality of the plant material and on the method of its processing, 3) spoilage of the extracts during storage even after special cleaning and conservation.

It is these defects in the series with a great theoretical interest that explain the appearance of a large number of scientific works aimed at obtaining dry, purified concentrates with the possibility of individual chemical substances that cause one or another physiological effect. In particular, there are a number of German patents No. 480410, 484361, 490648 and others, based on the extraction of glucosides using animal coal, followed by treatment of the latter with alcohol and chloroform.

The method proposed by the author introduces

as an organic solvent, a mixture of alcohol and toluene, so that the release of glucosides from coal is greatly facilitated.

According to the proposed method of isolating active glucosides from a bumble (Periploca graeca), Montenegrin and Lily of the Valley, the ground plant is infused several times with water. The combined extracts are evaporated in vacuo to a thick syrup and the latter is treated with alcohol. The alcohol is distilled off from the filtered solution and the almost dry residue is dissolved in water. The aqueous solution is purified with lead acetate, after which the active ingredients are absorbed by animal charcoal. Animal charcoal is dried and processed when heated with a mixture of organic solvents, whereby glucosides are quickly and almost completely recovered. By distilling off the organic solvents, the residue is further purified by an alcohol-ether mixture.

Example. 2 kg of baffle bark are removed twice with warm water (20 kg). The filtered extracts are evaporated in vacuo to a syrup and the latter is treated with 3 liters of 96 ° ethanol. The solution separated from the precipitate is evaporated to dryness, the extract is dissolved in 2 liters of water and purified by the addition of 250 cm.

basic lead acetate.

200 g of animal charcoal is added to the filtered solution (along with the washings), and the mixture is left for 24 hours. The charcoal is separated by filtration, dried at a temperature of 30-40 and extracted five times when heated for 2-3 hours. 700-800 cm of a mixture of alcohol and toluene (15 "/ o.).

The combined extracts are evaporated, the residue is dissolved in a small amount of absolute alcohol, and three parts of sulfuric ether are added to the solution. The precipitate formed is washed with the same alcohol-ether mixture. The alcohol solution containing the active principles is evaporated and the residue is dried in a vacuum dryer. An exit of 12-13 g of yellowish powder with high physiological activity.

The subject matter of the invention.

A method of extracting glucosides from their aqueous extracts purified by well-known methods, based on the fact that the extracts are treated with animal charcoal to absorb glucosides and then the coal is treated with a mixture of ethyl or methyl alcohol with toluene to release glucosides from the coal.