SU33526A1 - Device for thermal processing of combustible minerals - Google Patents

Description

The basis of the proposed device for thermal processing of solid COMBUSTIBLE minerals is their low-temperature distillation (beveling), to obtain a primary resin and a high-calorific gas, the remainder of the pepsych (semi-coke) being processed into ashes and generating gas; the latter, using separate devices, serves the entire installation from the side of heat, steam, mechanical and light. Existing devices for low-temperature distillation require a relatively larger amount of additional fuel per unit of raw material both for heating and energy for mechanical service of the entire installation. The reasons for this are insufficient or not at all used heat, carried away with the products of distillation, the heat of the exhaust smoke gases and the heat output of the furnace walls.

The proposed device not only does not need additional fuel cost or energy from the side, but gives, in addition to increased steam and gas products, excess energy in the form of superheated water vapor. This effect is a consequence. the principle of heat transfer underlying the design and device.

In FIG. 1 depicts a longitudinal section of the installation. by download37)

Nomu bunker and dryer; FIG. 2 is the same incision along the Schwelkamera.

The proposed device (Figs. 1 and 2V) consists of a hopper / for loading raw materials (shale) from a drying chamber 2, an air economizer 3, a smoke exhauster 4, a shwelkamera 5, a recovery system 6, an exhauster 7. a pressure regulator 8, a gas generator 9, a granulating apparatus W, steam boiler // and generator / 2.

The crushed slate is loaded into the hopper 7 provided with a double gate / 3. From the bunker, the shale is lowered into the drying chamber 2, where it is moved by the screw 74. Hot flue gases coming from the generator 72 are fed into the drying chamber 2 through the bore / 5. These flue gases, along with vapors of all humidity and most carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide goes to the air economizer 3. In this economizer, the air required by the gas is overheated. generator 9 and steam boiler //.

From the air economizer 3, the exhaust smoke, having passed the smoke exhauster 4, is discharged through the chimney 76 to the outside.

Dried and heated to a high temperature, but lower than the temperature of the ironing, the slate passes through the gate / 7. When installing oil legs

: gate, using, for example, molten pitch, steam tubes 18 are mounted at the bottom of the gate to preheat the frozen pitch during interruptions in the operation of the device. Instead of an oil shutter, shutters can be supplied: steam, mechanical, or some other.

A 5-pin 19 shvelkammer takes the dry slate and re-moves it up. In the case of oil shutter, the shale entrains a portion of the pitch that is cracked into gas, oil and coke.

A circulating permanent gas flows into the shwelkamer together with the overheated -: water vapor through the pipe 20 at the upper end of the shwelkamer towards the shale. This gas and steam is overheated to a temperature somewhat above the temperature of the seaming. They move along all the turns of the screw and enter all the intervals between the pieces of slate, making the shale easily penetrated by heat, and the gas is enriched with vapor-gas products. Distillation takes place quickly and / besides without cracking.

In the case of working with asphalting raw materials, additional superheated steam is injected into the hollow axis of the screw, which leaves it through the holes located in the axis in places corresponding to the temperatures of asphalt of the raw material.

Gases together with steam products and out of the chamber through the pipe 21; s hydraulics 22, then into the collector - pipeline 23, which drains them together with the same gas-steam products 41: other shaft chambers of the same unit into the Recovery System b, consisting of a water cooler, grinders, scrubbers, receivers, etc.

The cold recovery water is heated to a high temperature, slightly below the boiling point, and pumped in the necessary quantity to the larium boiler //. The remaining hot water is used for water supply of factory premises, plumbing and household needs.

Resin and algae water is collected in receivers; the gases, which pass through the exhaust 7, are directed to the generator 12, where, together with the water vapor, when heated to the required temperature, they are discharged

gas lines 24 to the choke chamber 5. Excess shvelgas, through the pressure regulator 8, is directed to the gas tank 25.

The red-hot semi-coke from the welding chamber 5 is lowered into the gas generator 9. Between the welding chamber and the gas generator, a turnstile gate 26 is installed, which can be rotated only in one direction under the pressure of the moving semi-coke.

In the gas generator, due to the high temperatures of the incoming coal char and intake air, as well as the low emissivity of the masonry, a high temperature is sufficiently high enough to melt the ash of the coal char. The molten slag flows into the granule apparatus W. A stream of water flowing towards the slag evaporates, although not completely, and the resulting wet steam enters the generator 12 to overheat.

Hot generating gas through the hole 27, through the pipeline 28, enters the furnace 29 of the steam boiler. In view of the high burning temperature of this generator gas, a flameless sneaker screen can be successfully installed. With an ordinary firebox, it is necessary to direct the recirculated flue gases from the pipe / 6 into it to lower the temperature.

The design of the steam boiler 11 is chosen taking into account the size of the room between the fire chamber 5, the gas generator 9 and the generator 72.

After heating the boiler and its superheater 30, the flue gases heat the generator 12 and then go to the drying chamber 2.

The required pressure and overheating steam from the steam boiler is sent, for example, to a back-pressure turbogenerator, from where low-pressure steam enters the distillation, distillation and other sections of the plant.

The electric power received in the turbogenerator serves all the motors of the device and the lighting of the plant; its abundance is released to the surrounding population.

Regulating the speed of rotation of the screws (motors in the machine compartment 31), depending on the quality of the raw materials,

By changing the humidity and the desired degree of beekeeping, change the residence time of the raw materials in the drying chambers and the filaments. "

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A device for thermal processing of solid combustible minerals, characterized in that the chamber of the bevel 5 is equipped with a generator 9 directly connected with it, for the purpose of gasifying the fuel semi-coke formed during the distillation process. 2. The form of the device according to p. 1, characterized in that it is equipped for the purpose of pre-drying of fuel with a separate drying chamber 2 connected to the fire chamber by means of the shutter 77. 3. The form of the device according to pp. 1 and 2, characterized in that. that it is equipped with a steam boiler 7 /. a superheater 30 and generators 12-12, for the purpose of utilizing the waste heat of the combustion products to heat the shwelgase and water vapor. 4. The form of the device according to p. 1 -3, characterized in that the screw-chamber screw device is equipped with a hollow axis with a number of uterine holes for the purpose of admitting an additional amount of superheated steam into the chamber in order to prevent asphalt substances from sticking to its walls. 5. In the installation mentioned in clause 3, the use of a steam generator in the process of granulating the molten slag in a mixture with shvelgas as the heating agent of the shwelkamera. 6. The use of a screw conveyor in the apparatus according to claim 4 for the loading of a gas generator with solid fuel. Shig1 / "I II L