SU1735881A1 - Device for reading graphic information - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation, and in particular to a device for reading graphic information, and can be used to encode and enter the coordinates of points of a graphic image. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device. The goal is achieved by introducing an AND element, an NOT element, a decoder, a counter, a multiplexer, a microprocessor, and a signal generator, 2 e, nfl, 6 or more.

Description

The invention relates to automation, in particular to a device for reading graphic information, and can be used to encode and enter the coordinates of points of a graphic image.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device „

Figure 1 presents the block diagram of the proposed device; Fig. 2 shows an example of a constructive implementation of the control unit and the coarse-count code generation unit; FIG. 3 is an example of a constructive implementation of a coordinate remover; in fig. - layout of the coils of exact counting; Fig. 5 is an example of a constructive execution of an exact reference code generation unit; 6 shows an example of a constructive implementation of a computing unit.

The device (figure 1) contains a tablet 1 with coordinate tires 2,

connected via resistors (load elements) 3 to the power source k, block 5 of forming a coarse reference code, block 6 of forming a precise counting code, computing unit 7, block 8 of control, puller 9 coordinates, and amplifier 10 of reading.

The coarse-count code generation unit (FIG. 2) contains a shaper 11, a first 12 and a second 13 one-oscillators, an AND-NE element 1, a HE element 15 trigger 16, a single vibrator 17, keys 18, a decoder 19, a counter 20, a driver amplifier 21 and amplitude discriminator 22.

The control unit (Fig. 2) contains the first element And 23, the first 2k and the second 25 one-shot, the second 26, the third 27 and the fourth 28 And elements, the third one-shot 29, the pulse generator 30, the fifth element And 31, the first element NO 32, generator 33 single pulses (GOI), key 3,

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the sixth element And 35, the second element is NOT 36 and the seventh element And 37, the counter 38 and the decoder 39

The coordinate remover (and 4) contains peripheral inductance coils 0, a writing element 41, the upper end of which rests on the key button 34, and inductive coil 42 TI "

The block of exact code reading (Fig. 5) contains a multiplexer 43, a shaper amplifier 44, an amplitude discriminator 45, the first 46 and second 47 one-shot, the first 48 and second 49 elements And, the element 50, the first 51 and second 52 counters , the third counter 53, the discriminator 54, the third element I 55, the third one-oscillator 56 and the amplifier 57.

The computing unit (FIG. 6) contains an HE element 58, a microprocessor 59, an AND 60 element, a counter 61, a multiplexer 62, a decoder 63, a signal generator b, including an audible signal element 65 and a speaker 66

The device works as follows

When the tip of the puller 3 touches the coordinates (Fig. 3) on the surface of the paper sheet, which is located on the device tablet 1, the fixed contacts of the key 3, made in the form of a microswitch, are closed, As a result, low potential, and at its output - a correspondingly high potential, which opens element 31 And through its second entrance. The low potential from the sensor also goes to the generator input 33 single pulses. As a result, a short negative pulse appears at the output of the latter. Since the first input of the element And 31 contains a high potential, a negative pulse appears at the output of this element, equal in duration to the pulse from the generator 33 output. The output pulse of the Element And 31 sets all the triggers of the circuit to the initial state, and also starts the third one-shot 29, a negative output pulse which closes the element And 26 at its first input. This is necessary so that during the reset of device triggers, the pulses from the pulse generator 30 do not pass through the second input element.

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that AND 26 at its output and further to the elements of the whole scheme.

After the completion of the regenerative process in the one-shot 29, an output potential appears at its output, which opens the element AND 26a The pulses from the generator of 30 pulses begin to arrive at the output of the element AND 2b. From the moment the latter is opened, the first cycle of the device starts - the formation of the coarse coordinate code. In this cycle, the pulses from the output of element AND 26 (non-delayed pulses are sync pulses) are received through the second input of the element 28 and to the counting input of the counter 20 of block 5, the element 28, in the coarse code generation cycle, is open for the pulses to pass through the second input, since its first input is present permitting potential from the third output of the decoder operations. The presence of a high level at the third output of the latter is determined by the number recorded in the counter when the triggers are reset. Along with this, the pulse from the output of the element And 26 is fed to the input of the one-shot 25 and then through the one-shot 2k to the second input of the element And 37. This element is open at the first input by the output positive potential of the element 36, since there is a negative potential at its input from the first output decoder 19. Single-oscillators 25 and 24 serve to generate a short-time pulse shifted relative to the sync pulse for a certain time interval (delayed pulses from the output of the single-vibrator 2k are polling pulses) . The polling pulses from the output of the element And 37 arrive at the gated input of block 5.

When sync pulses arrive at the counting input of the counter 20 of the block 5 and the polling pulses through the gated input to the decoder 19, the polling keys 18 are sequentially interrogated along the X axis along with the next interrogation of the coordinate bus at the output of the puller inductance 42 9b is a bi-polar reading signal G. This signal is fed to the input of the amplifier 10 of the reading and is amplified in amplitude. The amplified readout signal is fed to the input of the amplifier-maker 21 and further to the amplitude discriminator 22 and the shaper 11 in order to form a negative semi-. the period of the read signal of a negative rectangular pulse, the duration of which is determined by the duration of the base of the negative half-cycle of the read signal. The rectangular output pulse of the driver 11 is fed to the input of the one-oscillator 12, which, together with the single-vibrator 13, forms a short positive pulse Strobe. This pulse is shifted in time relative to the leading edge of the negative half-cycle of the readout signal, which is necessary for more reliable phase selection of the readout signal over its negative half-period. The process of polling the coordinate buses 2 and the simultaneous formation of a coarse counting code in the counter 20 proceed until the interrogated coordinate bus 2, switched by the corresponding key (figure 5), is left (from the inductance coil 42

puller 9 coordinates.,

When the coordinate tires located from the coil 42 on the right are polled, each pulse from the output of the one-oscillator 13 is fed to the first input of the AND-HE element 14, but does not pass to the output of this element, since its arrival time coincides with the absence of high signal potential Poll from the output of the element NOT 15 at the second input of the element AND-NOT 14, that is. Signals Poll and Strobe do not match in time. The Strobe signal appears later than the Poll signal. But as soon as the interrogated coordinate bus turns to the left of inductor 42, the read signal at the output of the read amplifier 10 changes the phase by 180. The moment of phase reversal is fixed by trigger 16.

After reversal of the phase of the read signal, the process of forming the Strobe signal occurs in the same way as when polling tires lying to the right of coil 42

inductance. However, in the case when the interrogated coordinate bus is to the left of the coil 42 and the read signal has undergone a phase reversal, the moment of the negative half-period of the read signal

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practically coincides with the moment when the Strobe signal appears. As a result of this and. the output positive signal of the one-shot 13 begins to coincide in time with the moment of the existence of the resolving (high) potential from the output of the element NOT 15 A brief coincidence of two high potentials at the first and second inputs of the element AND-HE 14 causes. the appearance of a short negative pulse at the output of this element, i.e. in this case, the Strobe signal coincides in time with the reference Poll signal. The fact of coincidence is indicated by the presence of a short negative impulse at the output of the IS-NOT 14 element. Thus, when the interrogated coordinate bus is to the right of coil 42, the output signal of the Strobe from the single vibrator 13 does not coincide in time with the appearance of a positive potential the reference signal from the output of the element NOT 15, and as soon as the interrogated coordinate bus is to the left of the coil 42, this coincidence occurs.

The negative impulse from the output of the element AND-N14 arrives at the single installation input of the trigger 16 and sets it to the single state. The voltage drop at the single output of the trigger 16 (phase-5 trigger) from low to high starts the one-shot 17. The output short-time pulse of the one-shot 17 goes to the control input of the block 8 and then through the first input 0 of the element 35 and goes to the counting the input of the counter 38. As a result, the latter switches from the coarse-count code generation cycle to the exact-count code generation cycle. At the same time, a third potential appears at the third output of the decoder 39, which closes the element 28 at the first input. As a result, the arrival of the clock pulses from the 0 output of the element AND 2B to the counting input of the counter 20 of the block 5 is stopped. The number of information outputs of the counter 20 determines the coordinate of the location (in the steps of laying the coordinate j tires) of the projection of the geometric center of the inductor 42 on the plane of the tablet relative to its origin of coordinates along the X axis. Output information signals of the counter 20

enters the information input of block 71

The 8th cycle of forming the exact counting code at the second output of the decoder 39 appears a positive potential, which opens the fourth element AND 27 at the first input, and the second element AND 23 at the second input. As a result, the clock pulses pass from the output of the element 27 to the input of the block 6

The interrogation pulses start to flow from the output of the second element AND 23 to the element NOT 50 of block 6 and to the first input of the element 48 of block 6e. The interrogation pulses also continue to flow to the gated input of the decoder 19 of block 5. As a result, this coordinate bus 2 (FIG. 5). ), the number of which became known as a result of the rough count cycle, continues to be polled by polling pulses of the corresponding key.

In the accurate reference code generation cycle, the switching (alternate connection) of amplitude-amplified output signals of the intermediate reference coil 40 to the information input of the shaping amplifier unit No. 5 occurs. The formation of the exact reference code starts by switching the output signal from the first coil 40 and ends by switching the output signal of the last coils 40 “The first exact coil 40 is connected to the input of the first preamplifier 57, and the last coil 40 to the input of the last preamplifier, respectively. The amplifier 57, the output of the first preamplifier 57, and the output of the last amplifier 1, bodies 57, respectively, are connected to the first and last inputs of the analog multiplexer 43.

The first pulse transmitted to the counting input of the counter 53 increases its content by one. As a result, the output of the preamplifier 57 is connected via the corresponding (first) input of the analog multiplexer 43 to the output of this multiplexer, and consequently, to the input of the amplifier-maker 44.

Then, the corresponding key is polled (FIG. 5). From the current pulse survey coordinate bus 2 at the output of the corresponding coil 40 and the output of the multiplexer 43 in

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The read signal whose phase is determined by the spatial arrangement of the coil 40 relative to the axis of the coordinate bus 2. Since the first coil 40 is to the right of the bus 2, therefore, at the output of the multiplexer 43, the amplified signal from the output of the coil 4 O has a phase of -18 l. 44 and the amplitude discriminator 45 form a rectangular pulse from the negative half-cycle of the read signal. From this pulse with the help of x-ray vibrators 46 and 47 a small,

duration and time-shifted relative to the negative half-period of the read signal; positive signal. Square-shaped strobe. This signal arrives at the second input of the element And 48 and the first input of the second element And 49 "However, this signal passes only to the output of the element And 49, since it coincides in time with the positive reference signal from the output of the element NO 50. The output impulse of the element And 49 passes To the counting input of the second counter 52 "This completes the analysis (selection) of the output signal from the accurate counting coil 40 and fixing the selected signal on the 52C summing counter. During the selection of the output CMI coil to the right of. bus axis 2, in particular, the signal of the coil 40 to the output element And 48, the Strobe signal does not pass, since there is a negative reference signal at the first input of the element 48 And during the appearance of the Strobe signal.

The next (second) pulse received at the counting input of counter 53 initiates the switching of multiplexer 53 from the first measuring channel (coil 40 - preamplifier 57 - first input of multiplexer 43 - output of multiplexer 43) to the second measuring channel (coil 40 - preamplifier 57 - the second input of the multiplexer 43 is the output of the multiplexer 43). In this case, the switched coil 40 is to the left of the axis of the coding tire 2, therefore its output signal has a -180 ° phase (the signal is induced from the next coordinate bus 2 polling pulse), the Strobe signal of the one-oscillator 47, formed from the negative half-period of the readout signal coil 40, now coincides in time with the positive potential of the reference signal at the first input element And A9 and for this reason passes to the output of this element. The signal from the output of the element A8 is fixed on the first counter 51.

When selecting the output signals of the coils AO located to the left of the tire 2, the output pulses of the element AND A9 are absent. This is due to the fact that in this case the Strobe signal does not coincide in time with the output positive reference signal from the output of the element NE 50,

The next (third) pulse, the incoming input of the counter 53, switches the second measuring channel to the third. There is an analysis (selection) of the output signal of the next coil AO. This coil is the same as the coil to the left of the coordinate bus 2 "Therefore, the output of this coil has the same phase as the signal from the coil AO, therefore, as a result of phase selection of the output signal of the AOE coil, the next unit is added to the counter 51. In the counter 51, two pulses are recorded, corresponding to those two interrogated coils (Apg and A (U), which are to the left of the axis of the coordinate bus 2).

The process of pulse input to the counter 51 occurs until the output signal of the last coil AO is analyzed (sampled)

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When switching from the sixth measuring channel to the seventh channel, the phase of the signal at the output of multiplexer A3 changes in the reverse order from -180 to -180 °, since the pole AO coil was to the left of bus 2 and the seventh coil AO was already to the right of bus 2 Therefore, the formed and selected read pulse of the coil AO enters counter 52, in which one pulse previously recorded corresponding to the very first coil of AO located to the right of bus 2 was previously detected, i.e., the process of pulses entering counter 52 is resumed. did nJ pulses to the counter 52 occurs until until an analysis of the (selection) of the output signals of all remaining coils AO to the right of the tire 2.

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Re-analysis of the signal of the first coil AO does not occur for the following reason. When the number corresponding to the number of coils of exact count AO appears at the output of counter 53, this number is decrypted by decoder 5A. As a result of decryption, at the output of decoder 5A a negative potential appears that closes the element 55 at its first input, therefore the pulses to counter 53 is stopped. The voltage drop of the output pulse of the decoder 5A from the high level to the low level triggers the one-shot 56. The output pulse of the latter arrives at the second input of element 35 of block 8, and the output signal of the decoder 5A post2q feeds at the input of element 58 of block 7 and the first control input microprocessor 59. At this point, the process of forming the exact reference code is terminated.

So, the pulse from the output of the one-vibrator 56 comes through element 35 of block 8 to the counting input of the counter 38 .. As a result, a low potential occurs at the second output of the decoder 39, and, accordingly, a high potential at the first output of this decoder, As a consequence And, elements 23 and 27 are closed, respectively, through the second and first inputs by the second output of the decoder 39, and the pulses from the outputs of these elements are stopped. The high potential of the first output of the decoder 39 is inverted by the HE 36 element. As a result, the AND 37 element is closed at its first input, the pulses from the output of this element to the gated decoder input are stopped, therefore, the polling pulses from the

45 key 18 and, accordingly, current pulses in the coordinate bus 2 (figure 5). After the cycle of forming the code of the exact count, the cycle begins to transmit the contents of the counters 51 and 52, and

Jq also the contents of counter 20 in

internal memory of the microprocessor 59. For this purpose, the information outputs of the counters 51 52 and 20 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the multiplexer 62. The code of the signs transmitted to the microprocessor 59 codes (the code of the rough count, the exact code of the first counter, the exact code of the second-counter) also transmitted

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microprocessor internal memory 59. The feature code is counter count 61. The low potential supplied to the first control input, microprocessor 59, and the high potential from the output of the decoder 63, which comes to the second control input of the microprocessor 59, initiate an internal receive command (write) codes supplied to the internal memory of the microprocessor.

The transfer of codes for writing to the microprocessor's memory occurs in clock cycles. Since the first input element And 60 high potential from the output element HE 58 and the high potential at the second input element And 60 from the output of the decoder 63, the element And 60 becomes open for the passage of clock pulses to the count input of the counter 61c The first clock pulse recorded by the counter 61, initiates the transfer of the counter code 52 to the microprocessor's memory 59. The second clock pulse recorded by the counter 61 initiates the transfer to the microprocessor's memory the counter code 51 and, finally, the third clock pulse recorded by the counter com 61 initiates the transfer of counter code 20 to the corresponding microprocessor memory cell.

The number (in this case, the number three) recorded on the counter. The 61 pulses are decrypted by the decoder 63 (the number of clock decoder). When a given number is reached, a low potential appears at the output of this decoder, which closes the AND 60 element at its first input. The arrival of clock pulses in the counter 61 stops. The same potential appears at the first control input of the microprocessor. The presence of low potential on both the first and second control inputs of the microprocessor 59 is perceived by them as the end of the data entry cycle (codes).

After the end of the code entry cycle, the next cycle of operation of the device begins, the analysis cycle to digital code processing. This cycle is carried out by the microprocessor according to the code processing program. At first, a logical microoperation occurs, during which the microprocessor analyzes the contents of counters 51 and 52 and extracts the larger of the two numbers found

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in these counters. In this case, one of three cases may occur.

The first case - the number in the counter 52 is greater than the number in the counter 51. This case corresponds to the situation when the angle of inclination of the puller 9 coordinates in the direction of the tire is within acceptable values. The second case is that the number in the counter 51 is greater than the number found in the counter 52, which indicates that the puller 9 coordinates is inclined towards the tire above the allowable value. The difference in the numbers of counters 52 and 51 can be above a certain limit, which corresponds to the critical angle of inclination and, accordingly, the maximum read error caused by the inclination of the coordinate remover.

If the tilt angle is critical, then by analyzing the numbers of the counters 51 and 52, the microprocessor 59 generates a Failure signal and a positive potential appears at its second control output, which goes to the alarm element 65,. As a result, the speaker begins to generate sound signals. Upon hearing these signals, the user changes the angle of inclination in the direction of decreasing. When the angle of inclination decreases to a permissible value, the audible alarm stops. After this, the second case becomes similar to the first. mu There is a manual adjustment of the angle to the clone.

The third case - the numbers in the counters 51 and 52 are equal. This means that there is no tilt angle.

Thus, if the user does not tilt the puller below the critical level during writing or drawing, in the counter 52 there is a number equal to or greater than the number found in the counter 51.

After the formation of the full code of the X coordinate, the complete code of the coordinate YO is formed. To form the full code of the Y coordinate, a similar block for the formation of the coarse code of the Y axis (in Fig. 1 this block is not shown) is used. The control blocks and the formation of the exact code are used to generate the point code one. X-axis reference, as well as to form the Y-axis accurate reference code.

The full X and Y coordinate code is stored in the microprocessor memory.

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After that, a pulse appears at the first control output, which is fed to the first input of the element 31 of block 8. As a result, the triggers are reset to the initial state, and the cycle of forming the full code of the X coordinate (and also Y repeats,

However, if the code of the coordinates of the next point does not exceed the code of the previous point read by a specified amount, then the current (subsequent) code. is not transmitted to the recorder or to the computer. As soon as such an overshoot has occurred, the new code is transferred to the computer or the recorder and is rewritten in place of the old (previous) code in the microprocessor's memory, and, accordingly, a pulse comes from the output of the computing unit to the control unit to start generating the code for the coordinates of the next reading point.

b about rm u l and inventions

Claims (3)

1 о A device for reading graphic information containing a tablet with orthogonal coordinate shichs, some ends of which are connected to information outputs of a coarse-count code generation unit, and others are connected to corresponding load elements connected to a memory source, a control unit, the first and second outputs of which connected to the counting and gating inputs of the block of formation of a coarse code, respectively, the information input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier, and the output is connected to The main synchronization input of the control unit, the exact reference code generator, the first and second synchronization inputs of which are connected to the third and fourth outputs of the control unit, the second synchronization input of which is connected to the first output of the exact reference code generation unit, the coordinate remover, whose output is connected to the amplifier input , with the fact that, in order to improve the accuracy of the device, it contains an element AND, one input of which is connected to the fifth output of the control unit is an element NOT whose input connected to the second output of the unit of formation of the code of the exact reference, and the output of 35881u It is united with the second input of the element I, the counter whose counting input is connected to the output of the element I, the decoder whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the counter, and the output connected to the third input of the element I, the multiplexer whose information inputs are connected to the information .Q outputs of coarse and accurate sample counting unit, control. the inputs are connected to the corresponding outputs of the counter, a microprocessor, the information inputs of which , are connected to the multiplexer outputs, the control inputs are connected to the counter outputs, the first synchronization input is connected to the second output of the exact counting code generation unit, the second synchronization input is connected to the decoder output, the information outputs of the microprocessor are device outputs, and the control output the output is connected to treh25 to it the synchronizing input of the control unit, and the signal generator, whose input is connected to the signal output of the microprocessor, while the information inputs of the generating unit The code of the exact count is connected to the outputs of the coordinate remover. 2. The device pop, 1, differs from the fact that the block of formation of the code of the exact count contains amplifiers, the inputs of which are 35 informational inputs of the unit, and the outputs are connected to the informational inputs of the multiplexer, the output of which is connected to the amplifier input - the Shaper, the first and second counters, the counting inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first and second elements And, respectively, the amplitude discriminator, whose information input is connected to the output 45 of the amplifier-former, and the output is connected to the input of the first one-oscillator, the output of which is connected to the input of the second one-oscillator, the output of which is connected to one input 50 of the first and second elements AND, the element NOT, whose input is the first synchronizing input of the block, and the output connected to another input of the second element AND, another input 55 of the first AND element is connected to the first clock input of the block, the third And element, one input of which is the second clock input of the block, and the output is connected to the third input counter, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the multiplexer and information inputs of the decoder, the output of which is connected to another input of the third And element and the third one-vibrator input, while the outputs of the counters are information outputs of the block, the third one-vibrator output is the first the output of the block, and the output of the decoder - the second output of the block. 3. The device according to claim 1, about tl and h ayu e e with; that the nat-1 puller contains an inductance support coil and a group of inductors located along a concentric circle with a center coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the writing element, with some ends of the inductors of the group connected to the zero potential bus, and the others are outlets „of the puller of coordinates. 1  / 5 JL I % f u I885Јil  II I: II II III P11 } Mf 1885Sh rm n Fie.6