SU1500945A1 - Apparatus for measuring displacements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to instrument engineering and can be used to measure linear and angular displacements, as well as determine the direction of travel. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device. The device for measuring displacements contains sensors 1,2, elements EXCLUSIVE OR 3, 4, delay elements 5, 6. Additionally entered elements EXCLUSIVE OR 7, 8, inverter 10, D - triggers 9, 11, 15, 16 and elements OR 12, 17 makes it possible to exclude failures in converting information about the movement of an object caused by the "bounce" of sensors 1, 2 during switching, as well as repeated reversals of the object. The generation of counting pulses and the update of the information on the direction of movement occur every quarter of the period of response of the sensors 1, 2, while the information on the direction of movement at the output of the element OR 17 is constantly present. 4 il.

Description

about

with

The invention relates to instrumentation and can be used to measure linear and angular displacements, determine the direction of movement.

The aim of the invention is to increase the accuracy of the device.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device; in fig. 2 - time diagrams of the work of the prepaid device when the object is moving forward; in fig. 3 - time diagrams of the device when moving

Suppose that at the output of the trigger is 15 1, and at the output of the trigger is 16 O. Let the object be moved at the beginning

object back; in fig. 4 is an example of a pe-is in the conditional forward direction (FIG. 3),

In this case, sensor 1 is switched first. Stable state 1 at sensor I output can npeponecTBojaaTb

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sensor sensing.

The device contains sensors 1 and 2, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first inputs of the EXCLUSIVE OR 3 and 4 elements and through delay elements 5 6 to the second inputs of the EXCLUSIVE OR elements 3 and 4 and to the first inputs of the EXCLUSIVE OR elements 7 and 8, the second inputs of which connected respectively to the outputs of elements 6 and 25 5 of the delay, the output of the element EXCLUSIVE OR 7 is connected to the D-input of the trigger 9, the output of the element EXCLUSIVE OR 8 through the inverter 10 is connected to the D-input of the triple switching and. back (bounce when triggered), which may be due to the physical principles of the sensor, as well as multiple reversals at the boundary of the zone of operation (Fig. 3a). Element 5 of the delay amplifies the signal shifted in time relative to the initial one by a value (FIG. 2 Sv). At the output of the element EXCLUSIVE– SINGER OR 3 a successor appears.

multiple switchings and. back (bounce when triggered), which may be due to the physical principles of the sensor, as well as multiple reversals at the boundary of the zone of operation (Fig. 3a). Element 5 of the delay amplifies the signal shifted in time relative to the initial one by a value (FIG. 2 Sv). At the output of the element EXCLUSIVE– SINGER OR 3 a successor appears.

Hera 11. The outputs of the flip-flops -9 and 11 under-30 pulses (Fig. 2d), arrive at OR 3, 4, 7, 8 elements AND 13 and 14, elements OR 12 and 17. Triggers 15 and 16 or are set in opposite states neither, or their states are already opposed and are determined by the displacement preceding the initial state. Triggers 9 and 11 are reset (external signals are used to preset triggers).

Suppose that at the output of the trigger is 15 1, and at the output of the trigger is 16 O. Let the object be moved at the beginning

in the conditional direction forward (Fig. 3),

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multiple switchings and. back (bounce when triggered), which may be due to the physical principles of the sensor, as well as multiple reversals at the boundary of the zone of operation (Fig. 3a). Element 5 of the delay amplifies the signal shifted in time relative to the initial one by a value (FIG. 2 Sv). At the output of the element EXCLUSIVE– SINGER OR 3 a successor appears.

 pulses (Fig. 2d), arriving

are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the element OR 12. Exiting to the first input, an element of AND 13, on the second input of which there is

for the elements EXCLUSIVE SHSh 3 and 4 sub- j, the resolution is 1.c, the output is triggered, respectively, to the first, inputs of elements 13 and 14, the second inputs of which are connected to the direct outputs of the flip-flops 15 and 16. The output of element 13 is connected to C- Trigger input P, R-Trigger output 9, S-Trigger input 16 n to the first input of the element 40 OR 17 “The output of the And 14 element is connected. to the C input of the trigger 16, With the input of the trigger 9, the R-input of the trigger 11, S-input trigger. 15 and to the second input element OR 7. The D inputs of the flip-flops 15 and 16 45 are connected to potential O. The outputs of the elements OR 12 to 17 are the outputs of the device (Fig. 1). Sensors 1 and 2 (Fig. 4) contain an opaque disc 18 with a slot, LEDs 19 and 20, photodetector 21 and 22, triggers 23 and 24 111mittas.

The device works as follows.

In the initial state, at the outputs of sensors 1 and 2 there are signals of O. Zero levels are also present at the outputs of elements 5 and 6, delay elements 3, 4, 7, 8 EXCLUSIVE

hera 15. Element And 13 passes its first output to 35 only the first impulse from / pass of the sequence (Fig. 3b), since the negative front of this first impulse overturns the trigger 15 (Fig. 3) and the And element 13 is locked at the second input. This ke first pulse sets the trigger 16 to the state I through the S input (Fig. 3k), thereby unlocking the element 14. (Fig. ZJ). is also used to determine the direction. On its positive front 50, the trigger 11 is set to the state (Fig. 3n), since there is 1 on the D-peak of this trigger (Fig. CXA, the trigger 9 remains in the initial state. At the output of the element. OR 12 a level is formed 1, corresponding to the movement of the object forward.

55

With further movement of the object forward, sensor 2 is activated (Fig. 36),

right on the first input, element I 13, on the second input of which there is

j, resolution - 1.c output trig

hera 15. Element And 13 transmits to its output only the first impulse from / pass through the sequence (Fig. Зж), since the negative front of this first impulse overturns the trigger 15 (Fig. Зи) and the element And 13 is closed with the second input. This ke first pulse sets the trigger 16 to the state I through the S input (Fig. 3k), thereby unlocking the element 14. (Fig. ZJ). is also used to determine the direction. On its positive front, the trigger 11 is set to the state (Fig. 3N), since there is 1 on the D-peak of this trigger (Fig. CXA, the trigger 9 remains in the initial state. At the output of the element. OR 12 a level 1 is formed corresponding to the movement of the object forward.

With further movement of the object forward, sensor 2 is activated (Fig. 36),

which, like sensor 1, switches with a bounce. However, the output element of element AND 14 will pass only the first impulse (fig. 3) —the trigger edge of which flushes trigger 16, and element 14 is locked. At the output of the element EXCLUSIVE OR 7 is set to 1. An impulse at the output of the element is EXCLUSIVE OR 7 O is set 1. The pulse at the exit of the element AND 14 sets the trigger 15 to 1 (Fig. 3e), switches the trigger II (Fig. 3n) and the trigger 9 (Fig. 3o). A second counted pulse appears at the output of 1Sh 17–15: (FIG, Sn), at the output of OR 12, state 1 is confirmed, which corresponds to forward movement.

Upon further advance of the date-20, an inverter is additionally introduced into it.

Chick I switches from 1 B O, which can also be accompanied by bounce (Fig. 3a). When the first impulse appears at the output of the element And 13, the trigger 10 is turned over (Fig. 3),

This closes the element AND 13, the trigger 16 is set to state I. At the output of the element 1, 17, a third counting pulse appears. At the output of the inverter 10 is set G (Fig. 3 l). Switching the trigger 11 in I (Fig. 3N) causes 1 at the output of the element OR 3 (Fig. 3p), thereby confirming the movement of the object forward.

Upon further forward movement, sensor 2 switches to O, which also occurs with bounce. Level 1 at the output of the EXCLUSIVE OR 7 element (Fig. 3m) by the first pulse at the output of the AND element 14 is set at the output of trigger 11 (Fig. 3) and at the output of the element OR 12 (Fig. 3p). The trigger 16 is reset (Fig. 3k), the trigger 15 is set to 1. A fourth counted pulse appears at the output of the OR element 17. The output of the OR element 12 confirms the state 1.. When the object is moved to the other side (back), the device works (Fig. 4).

Every quarter of the period of the signals from sensors 1 and 2 at the output of the element OR 17, counting pulses are formed. At the output of the element OR 12 there are two elements EXCLUSIVE OR, two elements AND, four D-flip-flops and two elements OR, and the output of the first element EXCLUSIVE OR is connected to

25 D-input of the first trigger, the output of the second element EXCLUSIVE OR via the inverter is connected to the D-input of the second trigger, the first inputs of the third and fourth elements EXCLUSIVE OR

30 are connected to the outputs of the first and second sensors, respectively, and the second inputs are connected to the outputs of the first and second delay elements, respectively, the outputs of the third and fourth

35 elements EXCLUSIVE OR are connected to the first inputs of the first and second elements AND, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth trigger, respectively, the output of the first element AND is connected to the R input of the first trigger, to the C input of the second trigger, C input the third trigger, to the S-input of the fourth trigger and to the first input of the first OR element, the output of the second element AND is connected to the C-input of the first trigger, to the R-input of the second trigger, to the S-input of the third trigger, to the C-input , fourth trigger and second

50 to the input of the first element OR, the direct outputs of the first and second triggers are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second element OR, and the D inputs of the third and fourth trigger 55 are connected to the potential of a logical zero.

This indicates a backward movement, and this state is confirmed every quarter of the period.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for measuring movements containing two pulse sensors, two delay elements, two EXCLUSIVE OR elements, the outputs of the first and second sensors being connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second elements EXCLUSIVE; OR and through the first and second I-Delay elements to the second inputs of the second and The first element is EXCLUSIVE OR, respectively, characterized in that, in order to increase accuracy, two elements are EXCLUSIVE OR, two elements are AND, four D-flip-flops and two elements are OR, and the output of the first element is EXCLUSIVE OR is connected to D-input of the first trigger, the output of the second element EXCLUSIVE OR through the inverter is connected to the D-input of the second trigger, the first inputs of the third and fourth elements EXCLUSIVE OR connected to the outputs of the first and second sensors, respectively, and the second inputs are connected to the outputs of the first and second delay elements, respectively, the outputs of the third and fourth EXCLUSIVE OR elements are connected to the first inputs of the first and second And elements, respectively, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth triggers, respectively, the output of the first And element is connected to the R input of the first trigger, to the C input of the second trigger , to the S-input of the fourth trigger and to the first input of the first element OR, the output of the second element AND is connected to the C-input of the first trigger, to the R-input of the second trigger, to the S-input of the third trigger, to the C-in,. fourth trigger and second the input of the first element OR, the direct outputs of the first and second triggers are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second element OR, and the D-inputs of the third and fourth triggers are connected to the potential of logical zero. FI.2 Compiled by V. Paramonov Editor T. Parfenova Tehred L. Oliynyk Proofreader T. Paliy. Order 4859/39 Circulation .789 VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR - 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab. Phie-3 P  L  8j.3opm .2 Subscription