SU1113911A1 - X-ray unit - Google Patents

Abstract

X-RAY DEVICE containing an X-ray tube, an anode voltage value setting unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of an adjustable high-voltage source, the code of which is connected to the anode of the X-ray tube, is measured. voltage divider connected to the anode of the x-ray tube and to the second input of an adjustable high voltage source, an anode current value setting unit, the first output of which is connected to the first input of an adjustable voltage source on the x-ray tube, measuring the current an x-ray tube connected by an output to the second input of an adjustable filament voltage source, two comparators and a voltage source, characterized in that, in order to increase device reliability by improving the protection of the x-ray tube from exceeding the maximum permissible operating mode parameters; a matching unit, two switches, an RS flip-flop, a pulse driver, AND, NOT, OR elements, three comparators, a non-linear voltage divider, a divider unit and a multiplication unit, with the output of the high voltage setting unit and a measuring voltage divider connected to the working inputs of the first switch, and the output of the unit connected to the working inputs of the second switch setting the anode current and the current meter of the x-ray tube; the output of the second switch is connected to the inputs of the first comparator; and through the nonlinear divider the output of the first switch, the output of the second switch and the first output of the voltage divider unit are connected to the inputs of the second comparator; the reference voltage, the output of the first switch and the second output of the voltage divider unit are connected to the inputs of the third comparator, the output b is connected to the inputs of the fourth comparator multiplication loop, to the CO inputs of which the outputs of the first: o and second switches, and the third output of the voltage divider unit are connected; to the inputs of the fifth comparator, the output of the unstacking unit, to whose inputs the outputs of the adjustable voltage source are connected, and the fourth output of the unit voltage dividers, the outputs of the Comparators are connected to the inputs of the OR element, the output of which is connected to the input of the element NOT and the R input of the RS flip-flop, the output of the element NOT connected to one input of the AND element, to another input

Description

which is connected to the output, forming the inputs of the adjustable source

impulse bodies, output of high voltage element, adjustable

connected to the S-input of the RS-Trigger, you-voltage source, heat, first

the course of which is connected to the commute-and second switches.

1113911

The invention relates to X-ray technology and can be used to create X-ray machines of increased reliability. An X-ray machine is known that contains an adjustable high voltage source, to the output of which an X-ray tube is connected, an adjustable voltage source, the output of which is connected to the X-ray filament, the outputs, the reference circuit and the reference source are connected which is connected with the first control input of an adjustable high voltage source, an integrator, the output of which is connected through a threshold element to the second input of the adjustable source in HIGH-voltage and the first output of the controlled voltage source .napr til filament. The disadvantage of the known X-ray apparatus is the low reliability due to the fact that there may appear modes of operation in which the values of the maximum permissible parameters of the X-ray tube are exceeded, as a result of which it fails. The closest technical solution to the invention is an x-ray apparatus containing an x-ray tube, a task block. anode voltage, the output of which is connected to the first input of an adjustable high voltage source, the output of which is connected to the anode of the x-ray tube, a measuring voltage divider connected to the anode of the x-ray tube and to the second input of the adjustable high voltage source current, the first output of which is connected to the first input of an adjustable filament voltage source, the output of which is connected to the filament of the x-ray tube, current meter of the x-ray tube connected by the output to the second input of an adjustable voltage source, two comparators, a reference voltage source, the high voltage setting unit being implemented as a program memory for setting the operating modes of the device through comparators 2. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that There are no means in the apparatus to ensure the protection of the X-ray tube in all possible modes of its operation. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the apparatus by improving the protection of the x-ray tube against exceeding the maximum permissible operating mode parameters. The goal is achieved by the fact that, in an x-ray apparatus containing an x-ray tube, an anode voltage value setting unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of an adjustable high-voltage source, the output of which is connected to the anode of the x-ray tube, is a voltage measuring divider connected to the x-ray anode tubes and to the second input of an adjustable high voltage source, a block for setting the magnitude of the anode current, the first output of which is connected to the first input of an adjustable voltage source The heating unit, the output of which is connected to the X-ray filament filament, the X-ray tube current meter connected by the output to the second input of an adjustable filament voltage source, two comparators and a voltage source, a matching unit, two switches, an RS flip-flop, a pulse shaper, elements AND, NOT, OR, three comparators, a nonlinear voltage divider, a voltage divider unit, and a multiplication unit, and the output of the high voltage setting unit and the measuring unit are connected to the working inputs of the first switch a voltage divider, the output of the anode current setting unit and the x-ray tube current meter are connected to the working inputs of the second switch, the output of the second switch is connected to the inputs of the first comparator and the output of the second switch is connected to the inputs of the second comparator and the first the output of the voltage divider unit, to the input of which the voltage source is connected, to the inputs of the third comparator is connected the output of the first switch and The output of the voltage divider unit, the outputs of the fourth comparator are connected to the output of the multiplication unit to the inputs of which the outputs of the first and second switches are connected, and the third input of the voltage divider unit, to the inputs of the fifth comparator are connected to the output of the matching unit the channel voltage and the fourth output of the voltage divider unit; the outputs of the comparators are connected to the inputs of the IZh element; the output of which is connected to the input of the element NOT and the R input of the RS flip-flop, the output of the element NOT connected to one input of the element AND, to the other input of which the output of the pulse generator is connected, the output of the element AND is connected to the S input of the RS flip-flop, the output of which is connected to the switching inputs of an adjustable source of high voltage, adjustable source of voltage of the first, and second switches. FIG. 1 shows the structural diagram of the x-ray apparatus; in fig. 2 - the area of reliable operation of such a device. The x-ray machine contains an adjustable high voltage source 1, an adjustable source 2 of the filament voltage of the x-ray tube 3, a measuring divider 4 voltage, and a rent 5 current meter. 1-ekovsky tube 3, block 6 setting the value of the anode voltage, block 7 setting the value of the anode current, block 8 matching, switches 9 and 10, block 11 of the display, short-circuit trigger 12, shaper 13 pulses element And 14, element 15 , element OR 16, comparators 17-21, voltage source 22, voltage divider unit 23, nonlinear voltage divider 24, multiplication unit 25. FIG. The 2 positions 26-30 denote the characteristic points of the working area of the x-ray tube. X-ray machine operates as follows. In the plane defined by the current and voltage on the x-ray tube 3, there is an area in which its normal operation is ensured. At low voltages, the x-ray tube 3 is less than U2, ET & The region is located to the right of the 0-26 curve (Fig. 2), which shows the largest anode current at the maximum allowable voltage on the X-ray filament 3. In the voltage range U2-U, the working area is limited by the maximum anode current and is located below the straight line 26 -27. In the U-Uciniax voltage range, the working area is limited to curve 27-28, which characterizes the operation of the X-ray tube at the maximum allowable power at its anode. Direct 27-29 characterizes the operation of the X-ray tube 3 at the maximum voltage allowed on it. Plot 29-30 determines the minimum allowable current of the X-ray tube 3 in the range of voltages of C-Ps, which can break down the tube under voltage without anode current. The proposed x-ray machine eliminates the possibility of operating the x-ray tube 3 behind its working area. Before applying voltage to the x-ray tube 3, blocks 6 and 7 set the required values of voltage and anode current on the x-ray tube 3. At the outputs of blocks 6 and 7, the control voltage values are determined that correspond to the required voltage on the x-ray tube 3 and its anode current. At the same time, at the output of the RS flip-flop 12, the signal is zero, as a result of which sources 1 and 2 are turned off, and switches 9 and 10 are located in. in such a position, when the voltage from blocks 6 and 7 goes to the outputs of switches 9 and 10. The voltage from the output of the first switch 9 is fed to the first input of the third comparator 19 and to one input of the multiplication unit 25. The second input of the comparator 19 is supplied with voltage from the second output of the block 23 of voltage dividers corresponding to the maximum voltage on the X-ray tube 3. Comparator 19 is activated when the voltage at its first input is greater than the second, i.e. when set the voltage on the x-ray ke 3 is greater than the maximum allowable. The voltage divider unit 23 forms, at its outputs from the voltage of the source 22 of the reference voltage, a series of voltages corresponding to the maximum allowable voltage on the X-ray tube 3 (second output b), the maximum allowable X-ray tube filament voltage 3 (fourth start J) , the maximum permissible anode current of the x-ray tube 3 (first exit a) and the maximum permissible trash that is dispersed at the anode of the x-ray tube 3 (third exit c). In addition, the voltage from the output of the first switch 9 is supplied through a nonlinear voltage divider 24 to the first input of the first KOMnapaTo pa 17.. . The non-linear divider 24 provides at its output a zero voltage at low input voltages and the formation of a predetermined voltage at large input voltages. It is intended to form a line 29-30 (Fig. 2). Divider 24. can be implemented using a series-connected zener diode and a resistor when removing the output voltage from a resistor. The second input of the comparator 17 is supplied with voltage from the switching output of bodies 10. Comparator 17 is activated when the voltage at its first input is greater than the second, i.e. when the anode current of tube 3 is less than the specified current, which is set from depending on voltage values on the x-ray tube 3. The voltage from the output of the switch 10 is also supplied to the first input of the second comparator 18, to the second input of which is supplied the voltage from the first output q of the block 23 of voltage dividers, which corresponds to the maximum allowable anode mu current x-ray tube 3. The comparator 18 is activated when the voltage at its first input is greater than the second, i.e., when the anode current of the x-ray tube 3 is greater than the maximum allowable current. The voltage from the output of the switch 10 is supplied to the second input of multiplier 25, the output of which is the voltage corresponding to the power at the anode of the tube 3. This voltage is applied to the first input of the fourth comparator 20, to the second input of which the voltage is supplied from the third output From the block 23 voltage dividers, at the anode of the X-ray tube 3. The comparator 20 is activated when the power at the anode of the tube 3 exceeds the maximum allowable power. The first input of the fifth comparator 21 receives a signal from the matching unit 8, proportional to the voltage of the X-ray tube 3, and its second input is a signal from the fourth output of the voltage divider unit 23. The comparator 21 is activated when the channel voltage exceeds the maximum allowable value. The signals from the outputs of the comparators 17-21 are fed to the inputs of the OR 16 element. If any one of the operating parameters of the X-ray tube 3 exceeds the maximum permissible values, a logical unit signal appears at the output of the OR 16 element, and at the corresponding input of the element And 14 is the logical zero signal. In this case, the signal from the driver of 13 pulses, which is used to start the device, i.e. the supply of high voltage and voltage on the x-ray tube 3 does not pass through the element 14 and the RS flip-flop 12 remains in the same state. This means that the device cannot be turned on. If, using blocks 6 and 7, the mode is set, which is in the working area of the tube, then the signal from the driver of 13 pulses passes on the RS trigger 11. The latter is thrown, and a signal equal to one appears at its output. This signal goes to the switching inputs of controlled sources 1 and 2 of high and high voltage and turns them on. In addition, the signal from the output of the RS flip-flop 12 is supplied to the switching inputs of the switches 9 and 10, connected to the output of the feedback signals from the measuring voltage dividers 4 and the X-ray current meter 5 to the outputs. that filed high on. As a result, you begin to monitor the real mode of operation of the tube 3 by the magnitude of the voltage on the tube 3 and by the magnitude of the anode current. Thus, in the proposed apparatus, the operation of the x-ray tube 3 is monitored. The five main parameters are maximum high voltage, maximum anode current, maximum heat voltage, maximum power dissipated at the anode of the X-ray tube, minimum current at certain voltages on the tube 3. When one of the parameters comes out of the working area, the trigger 12 returns to the original state, turning off adjustable sources 1 and 2.. In comparison with the known, the proposed X-ray apparatus possesses a higher reliability, which is achieved by ensuring a constant control of the operating mode of the X-ray tube operation both during its task and during the operation of the x-ray apparatus.

 Fy

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Claims (1)

X-ray apparatus containing an x-ray tube, an anode voltage setting unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of an adjustable high voltage source, the output of which is connected to the anode of the x-ray tube, meas. a voltage divider connected to the anode of the x-ray tube and to the second input of the adjustable high voltage source, an anode current setting unit, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the adjustable glow voltage source, the output of which is connected to the filament of the x-ray tube, the current meter of the x-ray tube, connected by an output to the second input of an adjustable voltage source, two comparators and a reference voltage source, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability STI apparatus by improving the protection of the X-ray tube from exceeding the limit. but valid operating mode parameters, the matching unit, two switches, RS-flip-flop, pulse shaper, AND, NOT, OR, three comparators, non-linear voltage divider, voltage divider block and multiplication unit are introduced into the apparatus, moreover, to the working inputs of the first switch the output of the high voltage reference unit and the voltage measuring divider are connected, the anode current values and the X-ray tube current meter are connected to the inputs of the second switch to the inputs of the first compar the output of the second switch and the output of the first switch through a nonlinear divider, the output of the second switch and the first output of the voltage divider block, the input of which is the reference voltage source, are connected to the inputs of the second comparator, the output of the first switch and the second output are connected to the inputs of the third comparator unit 'of voltage dividers, the inputs of the fourth comparator are connected to the output of the multiplication unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first and second switches, and the third output is bl Single voltage dividers, to the inputs of a fifth comparator Con cheny output matching unit, to which are connected WMOs give outputs regulated heating voltage source, and fourth output block ^ the voltage divider, the comparator outputs are connected to inputs of OR> the output of which is connected to the input of the element NOT and the R-input of the RS-flip-flop, the output of the element is NOT connected to the one-input of the element And, the output of which is connected to the other input, the pulse shaper, the output of the element And is connected to the S-input of the RS-Trigger, the output of which is connected to the switching inputs of an adjustable high voltage source, an adjustable voltage source, filament, the first and second switches.