SK122694A3 - Mineral wool board - Google Patents

Abstract

A board (19) for use in a sandwich element (36) used in walls, ceilings, floors or roofs of buildings or ships or other structures comprises mineral wool lamellae (14, 15) arranged side by side so that the fibres (28) of the mineral wool lie perpendicular to the plane of the board and so that the longitudinal length of the lamellae is at an angle in the range 25 to 65 DEG to a side edge of the board. The board can comprise the lamellae held together, optionally in compression, by a scrim (36, 30, 32, 33) arranged across one or both the planar surfaces formed by the lamellae and adhered to the underlying lamellae. Several boards (19, 26, 27) may be arranged to form a board (29) having facing layers (34, 35) on each planar surface.

Description

(57) Annotation:

The slab (19) used to make the composite elements (36) comprises mineral wool lamellas (14, 15) arranged adjacent to each other such that the mineral wool fibers (28) are perpendicular to the plane of the slab, that the longitudinal length of the slats of the animal with the side edge of the plate angle of 25-65 °. The plate may have the slats held close to each other by the pressure exerted by the scrim (36, 30, 32, 33) placed over one or both planar surfaces formed by the slats and glued to the 1a ₍ s). Several plates (19, 26, 27) arranged to form a plate (29) having faces (34, 35) on each planar surface.

I

Mineral wool board

Technical field

The invention relates to a mineral wool board suitable as the core of a sandwich unit useful in the building industry e.g. as a wall, ceiling, floor, roof or tile element.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Mineral wool consisting of fibers of inorganic materials, usually glass wool or of glass wool. has been used for a long time to produce insulating cores of composite panels for cladding steel materials, mainly in the construction industry. The theory of mechanical properties of the composite elements indicates that the resistance to any stresses to which the composite panel is subjected is primarily a function of stiffness and strength, or other cladding. The purpose of the construction of the core material is to separate the surface layers from each other so that the laminate can function as a composite, light and rigid structural member.

The mineral wool and in particular the glass wool is produced in sheets and the fibers are arranged in them parallel to the plane of the sheet. In the construction of prior art composite panels, these panels, made of standard insulating materials, were used by interposing between two cladding panels using adhesives to join the surfaces of the panel and the cladding material. In this configuration, the fibers are initially oriented parallel to the surface layer and thereby the composite element exhibits limited stress resistance perpendicular to the composite element.

Improvements in the construction of the composite elements have been made possible by the rearrangement of the mineral wool by placing the fibers at right angles to the plane of the composite element. This was achieved by cutting the sheet material produced in conventional manner into slices at regular intervals and in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the cutting machine to form rectangular slices of wool, known as lamellas. To create

9468 of the composite element, the slats were laid close to each other, with each slat positioned so that the fibers of the wool lie perpendicular to the plane of the element.

The cheek layers were bonded in the usual manner by using an adhesive layer between the cheek layer and the underlying mineral wool. With this lamella arrangement, the adhesion of the facing layer to the mineral wool was improved, the compressive strength at right angles to the panel surface was increased, and the load capacity perpendicular to the panel was also improved.

The first panels of this type had lamellas arranged parallel to the shorter side of the panel and extending from one long side to the other. The problem with such placement of the slats is that each joint between adjacent slats represents an area with a strength-reducing property. It has been found that when this panel is loaded, weakening and locally bulging with high stress concentration, attenuated, loses the panel. its nose (it shows little bending stiffness) and perform its function.

Connections are an area Once k a p a c i here (that is, in many ways 111o

Improved fit means that the slats are positioned with their longitudinal axes parallel to the longer side of the panel. Since the slats have a limited length which depends on the width of the product produced on the line, it is necessary to use two or more rows of longitudinally arranged slats for a given panel size.

The joints between the councilors and the slats are therefore the weakness of the panel, which tends to break through under inadequate loads.

WO-A-90/07038 and WO-A-90/07039 disclose composite elements in which the attenuating effects of the joints are limited by the delivery of the slats in a preferred arrangement. This arrangement avoids one joint extending from one long layer to the other.

All of the above panels formed from slats are known as loose-layer panels. There is no adhesion between the slats and are held in position by the adhesion of the facing layers and the wall. It is considered disadvantageous to lay the slats close to each other so that they can adhere closely to each other under the influence of adhesion between the facing layers, since

The 9463 layer may act as a bridge for the transfer of heat, sound, and other vibrations.

Placing the slats in a loose layer arrangement, especially in the arrangement as described in the above-mentioned patent publications, is very time consuming. Some of the above problems have been solved by the developments described in EP-A-449414. Described herein is a board product consisting of a plurality of sealed seals adjacent the slats to the slats across the surface of the synthetic fibers.

which cuts the lamellae from the lesser threads with the fibers perpendicular to the panel, together using a network of glued panels. SIEL. it may be made of or used mull or other inorganic and organic fiber product. The slats are pressed across the flat surface of the panel. The panels thus produced are used to form the composite elements by interposing them between the usual face layers. More than one board is required to create one element. Although with double layer mule provide elements.

1 and m 1 where the weaknesses at the joints of the boards are limited, such weak points in the place of weakening the final product, it is impossible to produce a board which! There is a difficulty or even an overlapping profile that could take advantage of minimizing many of the weaknesses achieved by the overlapping arrangement as described in the aforementioned PCT International patent publication. Even if they could, they would be fragile in a way.

In GB-A-1400692 the edges of such a panel are described in any case! a method of producing a parallel-oriented mineral fiber mat in which a plurality of mineral wool sheets are bonded to a blob (and in which taboo are present) maintained adjacent faces. The block is a saw on the mats - The boards are 2 e more! The floor mats are arranged in the lacquer block,

In one embodiment, the creators are formed into a block-shaped block), glue together a glue applied to a then slit strip arranged and the block is cut so that, with respect to the main embodiment, the fish cube pattern is arranged so that the planes are perpendicular to each other and In the table, the two are about 45 degrees horizontal

9468 plane and are perpendicular to the vertical face that arises when sawing. A similar arrangement is described in GB-A-1401131, which comprises adhering the backing plate Cnapr. gypsum board covered with cardboard on both sides) to at least one of the main faces of the mat.

The problem with the mats disclosed in these two patent specifications is that this manufacturing method requires the use of a large amount of adhesive to hold the sheets together in a block, which is expensive and reduces the insulating properties in terms of noise and temperature of the resulting mat.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The improved building panel of the present invention is a rectangular panel having side edges and end edges and is formed by a plurality of mineral wool lamellas arranged adjacent to each other such that the mineral wool fibers lie perpendicularly so that they are not straight from one side in perpendicularly, and that span from the plane of the panel and the connection between the slats, which possible side to the other side

the slats are oriented along the length and at an angle of 25-65 ° to the lateral edges of the slab. The building panel is usually a composite element of the type already described generally above. The panel has one, but usually the layer can be ¾. any adjacent face layer on both sides. Facing layer used in this product especially aluminum or steel including metal plate. This layer may be glass, wood, laminate, wood. made of glass-reinforced plastic or a combination of these materials. The facing layer may have a decorative and / or protective coating on the outer surface. The composite element may have a frame embedded in the mineral wool and / or face layers at the ends of the panel. Generally, no adhesive is used between the surfaces of adjacent slats. Although the composite element should be made of loosely laid slats, the advantage of the present invention is that the element is made up of plates each containing a plurality of mineral wool slats which are held side by side by means of a net placed over one, preferably through both modified side t

6P planar surfaces of the slab, and these slabs are connected to mineral wool, the slab having at least one side perpendicular to the longer edges of the lamellas from which it is formed and another side edge parallel to the side edges of the building panel / element. A preferred shape for the at least one plate is a parallelogram shape having an acute angle ranging from 25-65 °. In this parallelogram, the slats are so positioned. that the other of its length differs at the side parallel to one pair of sides and the building panel plate is so arranged. that the second pair of sides is parallel to the edges of the panel so that the longer sides of the slats are at an angle of 25-65 ° to the side edges of the panel. The panels that make up the building panel include triangular-shaped panels. These panels have rectangular triangular panels that form one or more corners of the building panel. These rectangular-shaped plates generally have lamellas arranged such that their longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the longest side of the triangle. Rectangular-shaped elements whose longest side has the same length as one pair of parallelogram sides are suitable for forming a panel with parallelogram plates.

Alternatively, the triangular shaped plates may be combined by stacking adjacent to each other to form a parallelogram that may be. further combined with other triangular plates (including rectangular-shaped plates). to create a rectangular building panel. With careful selection of the shape of the boards, few boards of various shapes and sizes can be used to create a building panel with minimal loss.

Another shape suitable for use on a building panel is 1 of their circular shape with one side connected to a pair of parallel sides perpendicular thereto and the other side that has an acute angle of 25-65 ° to the perpendicular. The panel may consist of at least two pairs of trapezoidal plates 1 arranged to form a parallelogram in which the parallel edges contact and the pairs are so arranged. that they are laid side by side. the adjacent edges of the joints have an overlap relative to each other such that the edges of the two parallelograms connected to the edge forming the interface between the two pairs of plates are of the same dimension and form part of the laterally arranged side 6

9460 edge of building panel.

The slats in the board used to build the building panel are held together by a mesh adhered to the slat so that the eye is described in LP-A-449,414. The slats are.

to each other while leaning.

strength, a glue activated by heat, such as e.g.

heat-meltable material or glue, operable by means other than heat.

to have enough glue to be used.

fusible Will fit

Angle below which the lamella is arranged relative to. side edge of the panel, has a value between 25-60 '

The angle is selected to provide maximum strength values for the final product and a further determined panel width for easy cutting to minimize the number of cut-shaped pieces required to produce the final product. It has been found that an angle of about 30 ° or 60 ° is most suitable, with the most preferred angle being at all 45 °.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the new plate suitable for forming a composite building element is formed from a plurality of slats arranged adjacent to each other with mineral fibers lying perpendicular to the plane of the plate. and having a triangular or rectangular shape, wherein the longitudinal direction of the slats is perpendicular to one of the sides, wherein the angle between the edge of that side and the edges of at least one side adjacent to it is an acute angle of 25-65 °.

The board is preferably in the form of a rectangular triangle or a parallelogram.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the aforementioned boards could be made by producing a board comprising a plurality of lamellas arranged closely next to each other and connected to each other by a net and subsequently cutting the panel into a designated board shape. For example, the center plate could have approximately the same shape as the resulting panel, so that the final cutting would have the character of a straight edge alignment. Alternatively, the lamellas could be arranged to form an elongated tissue with parallel sides, which would additionally be cut to a specified shape, whereby the tissue would be used to make several plates without losses between the plates. The slats could be arranged transverse to the modified side 7

In this case, the slats are and therefore are for creating a new longitudinal length of the tissue so that the width of the tissue would be equal to the length of the slats. Alternatively, the slats could be arranged longitudinally with respect to the elongated tissue. In general, the tissue is longer than the individual slats placed in contact with each other. The contacting ends of the slats in adjacent rows are aligned with each other in the manner described in the aforementioned patent publications. It is particularly preferred that the elongate tissue be cut to form parallelogram plates. which has an acute angle in the range of 25-65 °. In order to form the final building panel, the parallelogram rotates in its plane around a sharp angle and is placed close to the triangular-shaped plates. or optionally, adjacent to panels of another shape so as to form a rectangular building panel according to the first aspect of the invention. According to another aspect of the invention, a melt panel process is provided.

according to which the mineral wool lamellas are placed adjacent to each other such that the fibers lie perpendicular to the absence of a direct connection between one side edge of the panel to the plane of the panel. that the slats deposited from the other.

This is in a direction parallel to the end edges, wherein it is characteristic that each of the slats forms an angle in the longitudinal direction of 25-65 ° with the side edges of the panel. The process comprises a first step in which a plurality of lamellae form a plate by placing them adjacent to each other and adhering a force over at least one surface of the plate. wherein the plate has at least one side perpendicular n or longitudinal direction of the slats.

In the second step, several plates are arranged closely adjacent to each other. that all the slats of at least one board, preferably all boards, are arranged at an angle of 25-65 ° to the side edges of the rectangular building element.

An element formed according to this aspect of the invention has the desirable features of the above element.

According to another aspect of the invention, a process is provided for forming a new board according to the second aspect of the invention, and the panel is then assembled, wherein in this process several mineral wool lamellae are laid side by side so that the mineral wool fibers lie perpendicular to the treated side.

9468 plane of the board and are joined together by a scratch stuck over at least one, preferably through both face surfaces of the board, and then the board is cut into a triangular or parallelepiped shape with one side parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slat i. ., On 11,1111,111 I 11I111I v izί izp.'il. 11 ''.

The process of creating a new board could followed by a process of arranging the plates to form a building element, which is in accordance with the second step of the first aspect of the process. The mineral wool used in the present invention may comprise glass wool, but rock wool is preferred. Mineral wool contains? binder of known type, usually a hydrophobic binder, which imparts moisture resistance. Mineral wool. which is normally used, has a density of at least 50 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ . A density in the range of 80-180 kg / m ^{3 is} preferred.

If the slats are joined before forming the board, the method of this arrangement is described in EP-A-449411. Thus, the web may comprise a fabric, scrim, or nonwoven fabric 2: an inorganic mineral fiber e.g. glass fiber or synthetic organic fiber. The use of scrim is very important, since the adhesive applied to the face layers of the building composite element can penetrate through the mesh with the mineral wool layer and thereby form a corresponding connection.

Suitable adhesives are those conventionally prepared and hot-melt adhesives.

If the building panel is a composite element, the facing layers of the mineral wool are glued with the usual glue. A particularly preferred adhesive is a polyurethane foam adhesive. activated by water. The adhesive is usually applied by spraying on one or both sides of the mineral wool or on the face layer of the surface, so that the water forms a foam or activates the adhesive, and then the parts are compressed under the press to cure the adhesive by 1 o.

The finished building panel is usually supplied in a width of 200-1500mm and preferably in a width of 300-120Cimin. The standard width of the building panel is 600mm. The height (or length) of the panel may be any suitable, e.g. at least lm 1.5m, about two meters or more. Preferably, the panel has a length of less than 3m. they are also suitable for less than 2.5m. For certain uses, panels with a length that is outside these dimensions prefer.

The panel has different usability in the construction industry, e.g. such as interior wall panels, building cladding, as

9468 • i.

roof and ceiling panel and even as a floor panel. The panels improve the carrying capacity because the joints forming a series of weak points that extend perpendicularly across the panel are omitted. And it is in these carrier applications that the greatest benefit of the present invention is. The use of slats inserted into the corners of the panels improves the transmission of forces through the panel, thereby minimizing the stress concentration in the joints between the slats or boards.

Overview of the figures in the drawing

The invention is further illustrated in the drawings, wherein FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a glass wool or lamella sheet which has been cut off from the plate; FIGS. 2a and 2b show a plan view of two embodiments of the lamella support in building panels according to the prior art; 3, an elongated tissue formed of a plurality of slats arranged transversely with respect to the elongated tissue direction and the cutting position is shown. This arrangement is suitable for forming the plates according to the present invention. Fig. 4 shows an arrangement of the plates cut according to Fig. 3 to form a building element; Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of the plate which ηκί supports the slats according to Fig. layer and scrim, which is partially cut off.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is also shown a mineral binder layer as manufactured on conventional machine equipment.

continuously with the width shown at between points A and B. Table i has Fibers that <5 are visible at the end

In FIG. layers so.

The board 1 is produced by the image of the distance cut off ends 2 and 3.

along side 4, as can be seen, lie parallel to the modified side 10

9468 plane of the board.

To form the slats, the board is cut in width along

Claims (9)

To form the slats, the sheet is cut in width along the surface n, B, C, D. To form the slat 5. Several such slats are arranged to form a composite element or plate by placing them next to each other so closely. that the fibers lie perpendicular to the plane of the plate or element. In FIG. 2 shows the deposition of the layer in two rows used in the prior art. In FIG. 2i is a longitudinal arrangement with two rows 6 and 7 each having 5 slats. Comparing the arrangement of the slats 5 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2a, it can be seen that what was previously the thickness of the sheet used as the starting material becomes the width of the slat in the plane of the panel, which is the distance B.C and A.D. The thickness of the panel is given by the thickness of the wafer cut off from the mineral wool sheet. In the arrangement of FIG. 2a, a gap 8 is formed between the slats extending from the side 9 of the panel to the other side 10 perpendicular to the edges of these sides. This joint causes stress and, if the panel is subjected to forces perpendicular to the plane of the panel which is supported at both ends, this leads to a shrinkage along the joint 8 and subsequent buckling. Fig. 2b shows another forming panel in an embodiment of the art. The slats are laid transversely to the long edges 11 and 12 of the panel. In this arrangement of the slats, there is a gap between each pair of slats adjacent to each other and each joint represents a line of weak points which leads to a panel breakage when loaded. In Fig. 3, the longitudinal tissue 13 is formed of a plurality of lamellae 14 and 15 disposed transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tissue and extends over the entire length of the tissue. As in Figs. 2a and 2b, the slats are arranged such that the fibers of the wool are perpendicular to the plane of the tissue. Not shown in the figure: a scrim stuck over both tissue surfaces by means that keep the tissue together under pressure, as described in EP-A-449,414. At certain intervals, along the length of the tissue, the tissue is cut at lines 16 and 17 at the same angle. In this case it is at an angle of 45 °. The angle can have a value in the range of the slats according to the current state 9468 range 25 to 60 °. The plate formed by cutting along line 16 and 17 is a parallelogram having an acute angle of 45 ° and having peaks E. F, G and H. Figure 3 shows a section taken along line 18 also at 45 ° to the sides of the tissue but in the opposite direction to line 17. This section forms a regular triangle with vertices J, K and L. The plates cut from the tissue shown in FIG. to form a building element schematically shown in FIG. The rectangular element has side edges 20, 21, and end edges 22, 23 and is formed from a parallelogram 19 having vertices E.F.G and H and two equal triangles 24. 25. The triangle 24 has vertices J, K, L corresponding to those. 3 as shown in FIG. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the slats 14, 15 of the parallelogram plate as well as the slats 26, 27 of both triangular plates have a longitudinal angle at an angle of about 45 ° to the edges 20 and 21 of the element. Figure 5 shows further details of the plate of Figure 4. It is possible to see. that the lamellae fibers 28 are perpendicular to the plane of the element 29. Each plate 19, 26 and 27 is formed by a plurality of lamellas 14, 15 held together by the scrim 36, 30. This scrim is made of a glass product, although organic fiber may also be used, or synthetic fiber. Since the scrim is part of the plate, the joint 31 is between adjacent plates 19, 27 which extend between the scrim and the lamella. On the opposite sides of each plate there is another mul 32.33. Each scrim is adhered to the lamella by an adhesive that melts by heat, such as a meltable polyethylene, by exposing the lamella, polyethylene and scrim laminate to heat. The plates are provided on each side with a facing layer 34. 35. In this case, the layer is a thin steel sheet. The coating is bonded to the lamella / muloin by another adhesive, namely polyurethane foam activated water, which is applied to one surface before the components are assembled and inserted under the press where the adhesive cures. u p r e n e s L r a n a 1.2 F'ATENTOVE The building panel, which has a different rectangular shape, has two side edges (20). (21) and the two end edges is formed from a plurality of mineral wool lamellas (14), (15) which are arranged adjacent to each other such that the mineral wool fibers (28) lie perpendicular to the plane of the panel and so. that between the slats that are lateral to the other end and that the slats are longitudinally to the lateral, there is no direct joint extending from one side edge of the panel and are parallel and characterized by their longitudinal and panel edges at an angle of 25-65 ° . 2. Panel team. according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of a plurality of plates (19), (26), (27), each of which a plurality of wool slats, which are kept in close proximity by means of a mule (36). (30), (32). (33), which is placed on at least one mineral fiber, wherein the side (GH, EE) of the parallel planar surface has at least one with a long edge of the plates and another side edge is parallel to the side walls of the panel. 3. A panel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the panel is of the same type. that it has at least one plate in the form of a parallelogram (19). which has an acute angle (G) of 25-65 °. Panel according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that that at least one plate has the shape of a triangle / 26. 27 /. which has a sharp angle of 25-65 °. Panel according to claim 5, characterized in that the triangle is equilateral or rectangular Panel according to claims 2 to 5, characterized in that it has at least one parallelepiped plate (19) having a pair of edges (GH, EF) that are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slats and one of the pairs of sides of the plate is parallel to side edges and the second pair of animals with a side panel edge angle (FEH, FGH) of 25-65 °. A panel according to claims 2 to 6, e 1. The lamellae in each plate are held together by means of a mule (36). / 30 /. (32), (33), located along the entire surface of each planar surface. A panel according to claim 1. t ý m. that the slats of each board are maintained under pressure in the plane of the board in a direction perpendicular to the length of the slats. 9th panel by before c throws her eyes claims, v y z c No.1 1. it has 1 í c. · u u layer / 34 /. (35), um and estiena and save on one, but better on both 1 panel u, k-u is p r i 1 e peliá - 10. Process of manufacturing a rectangular building panel having side edges (20), (21) and end edges? (22), (23) and in which a plurality of mineral wool lamellas (14), (15) are disposed adjacent each other such that the fibers lie perpendicular to the plane of the panel and so that there is no joint between the lamellas extending from one a side edge of the panel to the second side edge in a direction parallel to the end edges and wherein each lamella is arranged such that its longitudinal direction of the panel is at an angle of 25-65 ° with the side walls of the panel. 1.1. Process according to claim 10, characterized in that, in a first step, the lamellae are formed into a plurality of plates (19), (26), (27) and x; and mul (36), (30), (32), (33) is adhered to at least one planar surface, but preferably to both. wherein each plate has at least one edge (GH EI · ') perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slats and wherein in the second step they are arranged closely adjacent to each other such that all the slats of all the plates lie in their longitudinal direction within said span. T \ J -H- (revised page 14 12. Triangular or quadrangular is used to make a building panel. a plate (19) comprising a plurality of mineral wool lamellae (14), (15) arranged so that the fibers lie perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the surface of the plate, each plate having at least one side (GH, EF) perpendicular to the plate to the longitudinal direction of the slats and wherein the angle between the side edge and the at least one edge / HE. EF /. adjacent to each other is an angle (EGU, FEH) of 25-65 ''.