SE448632B - DETERGENT COMPOSITION CONTAINING AMPHOTERIC FAT ACID COMPLEX - Google Patents

Description

All of these compositions comprise a non-ionic surfactant as an essential component as well as an anionic surfactant and as stated above, these surfactants have various adverse effects. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide improved detergent and cleansing compositions.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide improved detergent and cleansing compositions which exhibit low irritation to the eyes and skin.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide improved detergent and cleansing compositions which exhibit good foaming properties including excellent foam stability. Other objects of the present invention will be described and will be apparent from the following detailed description of the invention.

The foregoing objects and other features and advantages of the present invention are achieved by detergent and cleansing compositions comprising a synergistic mixture of surfactants which exhibit low eye and skin irritation and good foaming properties.

In particular, the present invention relates to detergent and cleansing compositions comprising a synergistic mixture of a specific complex of amphoteric fatty acid and specific anionic surfactants containing at least one carboxylic acid moiety.

In general, the present invention encompasses a synergistic mixture of a specific complex of amphoteric fatty acid and a specific anionic surfactant in a ratio of from about 1: 4 to 4: 1. The term "synergistic blend" as used herein refers to a blend of two different compounds which develops a degree of initial foam height and quality which is greater than the sum of the initial foam heights of the compounds when taken individually.

The specific complexes of amphoteric fatty acid which have been found to be useful in the present invention are non-zwitterionic in nature and have the formula O 1 .. 1 / R 2 wherein R 1 represents alkyl or substituent nlkyl containing from about 6-18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof. Å / l / í man QUÅUTY 3 n 448 632 Rw represents nkyl containing from about 8-18 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof or alkylamido of the formula _ -1 Û Z nl -ÄR ”-cNY L. ° - -J wherein R5 represents alkyl containing from about 8-18 carbon atoms, Z represents H or lower alkyl containing from 1-4 carbon atoms and Y represents the lower part containing from 1-4 carbon atoms; A1 and A2 are the same or different and are selected from anionic salt moieties consisting of the following: fcnzcnox-fcaz-cooxin, -fcnzcrlofx-cnz-soxjn, -fcnz-cnon-cnz-oPosxjn wherein X is a water-soluble cation, the sauce + , K +, Ca ++, Mg ++ and the like and n is an integer 1 or 2, wherein, if only one of A1 * and A2 is selected from the above anionic salt moieties, the other may be lower alkyl or lower hydroxyalkyl containing 1-carbon atoms.

The amphoteric fatty acid complexes useful in the present invention are novel compounds described and claimed in a pending patent application (US 241362) and may be prepared according to the methods described therein. Representative complexes of amphoteric fatty acid useful in the present invention include the following: 0 O H .. <9 ..; / cz fl p fl e (A9 R1-co cnnzs-c-Nccnzh- Ilíc fl zcok wherein R1 represents a C11H23-C18H37 mixture. ff 9 cH ,, c1-1, co, oNa <9 (B) R] -c-0 c14n29- N¶: "~ ._ à crncnzcoona wherein R1 represents 80/20% tallow-coconut fatty acid mixture. 1 _ _- 9.: O 9, fn: cnzcuoncnzsosr 3 (c) Rfc-o e R2-cN- (ca2) 2- N \ _ J i * cazcnoncrxzopo snazl wherein R1 represents tallow fatty acid and R2 represents a C11H23 ~ C17H25-.... A 'u..f1nf.r | .lng- 448 632 4 Q f? -co cwuw- | \ _ / Mg ~ H tnzcuouclrzsos wherein R1 represents a 70/30% mixture of lauric acid and myristic acid. __ 0 C) __ v (9 (E) R1-CO C12H25-v-CH2CH2COONa H wherein R1 represents tallow fatty acid . _ Ö f). * F / cnzcazcooua @ (F) CLZHZSC-O C14H29_N \ <: H CH cooN - _ 2 za E), 6 / cnzcuzcooua ® (G) R1 -CO CWHZS-ïfcu en cooN 2 2 a vari R 1 represents a C 6 H 13 -C 18 H 37 mixture.

The amphoteric fatty acid complexes useful in the compositions of the present invention are present in an amount of from about 1-50% by weight of the total composition, preferably about 5-15% by weight of the total composition.

The specific anionic surfactants which have been found to be useful in the present invention are those which contain at least one carboxylic acid moiety and are selected from a group consisting of sulphosuccinates, alkyl carboxylates, quersulpho fatty acid and ester carboxylates, alkyl succinates, alkyl sarcosinate and fatty acid protein cones. All of these compounds are well known in the art and can be prepared by well known methods.

The sulfosuccinates have the general formula O R-o-'cf-c fl cazcoox SO3Na and can be prepared by reacting maleic acid with an appropriate fatty alcohol followed by the addition of NaHSO3 to the double bond. Sulphosphoic acid and ester carboxylates have the following general formula, respectively R-CH-E-ox 'and R-in-E-one' soxox and can be prepared by sulfonation of suitable fatty acids and esters. The alkyl carboxylates have the following general formula R-O [(CH 2) 2 Q] α-CH 2 COOX represents 1-4; and these compounds can be prepared by which synthesis comprises reaction wherein the synthesis of Williamsson, of an alkoxide with chloroacetic acid.

The alkyl succinates have the general formula O-R-o-E-carbon dioxide and are the reaction product of a suitable fatty alcohol with succinic acid or succinic anhydride.

The alkyl sarcosinates have the general formula O X II R-C-h-CH 2 COOX and are the reaction product of a suitable fatty acid with a lower substituted amine such as glycine or N-methylglycine.

The fatty acid protein condensates have the general formula o R 'o R "n å n E: R-C- (NH- -H-C-NH-Hln-COOX and are reaction products of a suitable fatty acid with aminohydrolysate.

Specific examples of suitable anionic surfactants include: D 0 II lf (AA) C 11 H 23 O-C-CHCH 2 -C-O-Na SO 3 Na 0 H ~ (BB) C 12 H 25 -: E -: - O-Na 3 ae (II) (C10) C10H21-CH-C-OCHS -SO3Na (15) 448 632 ~ o fun) Ro-Ö-cnz-cnz-c-ok wherein R represents a 50/50 mixture of C1, H25-C14H79 fun) c13n¿7-0-LICH2) 2o] 4 ~ cH2cooNu o H3 o ens (PP) c11H, 3-c- (NH-ca - c-NH-cH) 50-cooua o ca HL 5 (GG) c11H23-cn The anionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention are present in an amount of from about 2-50% by weight of the total composition, preferably about 5-20% by weight of the total composition.

To further achieve the desired results of the present invention, the complex of amphoteric fatty acid and the specific anionic surfactant should be in a ratio of from about 4: 1 to 1: 4, preferably from about 2: 1 to 1: 2.

In the preparation of various formulations and compositions, if desired and if compatible, various other surfactants may be employed, such as other anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, cationic and the like. In addition to such other surfactants, other ingredients may conveniently be added to detergent and cleansing compositions for external use, such as dyes, preservatives, perfumes, thickeners, coatings, conditioners, plasticizers, buffering agents, and the like, added in minor amounts. . Ingredients such as dyes, preservatives and perfumes together usually make up less than 2% by weight of the total composition. Detergent and cleansing compositions of the present invention may be in the form of liquid detergent compositions or piece detergent compositions, if desired.

Liquid detergent compositions utilizing the compositions of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the complex of amphoteric fatty acid and anionic surfactant at room temperature or slightly elevated temperatures (about 50 ° C) and then adding sufficient deionized water to bring the composition to about 3 / 4 of its intended weight. Other ingredients, such as other surfactants, various detergent additives, fillers, carriers, perfumes, preservatives, gelling agents and the like, are added as required followed by the remaining water. The pH is then adjusted within the desired range by adding strong acid, e.g. HCl, or strong base, NaOH, if necessary.

Piece-shaped detergent compositions utilizing the compositions of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the complex of amphoteric fatty acid and the anionic surfactant in a steam jacketed rotary mixer at temperatures in the range of 60-80 ° C. Other surfactants, fillers, bleaches and treatment oils can be added, if necessary, to the hot slurry. After sufficient mixing to ensure homogeneity and moisture equilibrium, the product is cold rolled and tumble dried to flakes. Dyes and flavorings are added to the flakes in a standard mixer along with additional water to provide the correct unit preparation. After sufficient mixing, the flakes are ground and pressed into lumps which are then cut into blanks before pressing into pieces.

The detergent compositions of the present invention can be tested for eye irritation by the following modified Draize test (J.H. et al., Toilet Goods Assn. No. 17, May 1952, No. 1, Proc.

Sect.j.

A 0.1 ml sample of a neutral composition under test is dropped into one eye of an albino rabbit, the other eye serving as a control. Six rabbits were used for each composition. Observations are made after 1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours and 7 days after the initial instillation; a second and a third indentation are made after 24 and 48 hours of readings. The results may vary from essentially no change or only a slight irritation in the appearance of the rabbit's eye after 7 days to severe irritation and / or complete corneal opacity. Eye damage to the cornea, iris and conjunctiva is scored while a higher number, which indicates greater eye irritation, and the scores are added to give a total numerical value for each reading for six rabbits and the average value is calculated. The average score is an indication of the irritant strength of the tested composition. Based on the average score, a descriptive irritation estimate can be given, e.g. not someone, weak, moderate, serious, as the case may be.

The detergent compositions of the present invention provide high foam volume and, in addition, prominent foam stability, Sci. 10 15 20 25 30 448 632 8 which is measured by an adaptation of the well-known foam test principle according to Ross-Miles foam test "Oil and Soap" 18.9-102 (1941): Lanolin, anhydrous, cosmetic grade, mixed with dioxane (technical grade) in the proportion of 2.5 g of lanolin and 100 g of dioxane. hanolin is first mixed with 25 cm 3 of dioxun. Donna mixture is heated over a meadow bath to 45 ° C to dissolve lanolin in dioxane. The remaining dioxane is then added and mixed. This lanolin-dioxane ¥ solution, which is stored in an amber bottle, must be prepared fresh when the tests take place.

The composition to be tested is diluted by adding 376 cm 3 of distilled water to 4 g of the composition and then by adding 20 cm 3 of the lanolin-dioxane solution described above, while mixing. Heat is generated when the lanolin-dioxane solution is added to the solution of the composition in water and care must be taken to control the temperature of this solution to 24-25 ° C. Both of these intermediate solutions should therefore be adjusted to 23 ° C before mixing. Cooling of the lanolin-dioxane solution should be slow to avoid precipitation of lanolin.

This will produce the final fen solution with a temperature of 24 ° C. The final solution of the composition to be tested, water, dioxane and lanolin as described above, was then added to a modified Ross-Miles foam column in the usual manner. All experiments are performed in duplicate and the mean of the two results is taken. Foam stability is determined by measuring the decrease in foam height after 2 minutes, expressed as a percentage of the original height.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by the following representative examples. Examples I ~ IX The following compositions are prepared by mixing the surfactant components, adjusting the pH to 7.2 in 0.2 with dilute acid or base as required, and adding deionized water to 100% by weight. / weight _ III rv v vi 2.5 z, s v11 z, s VIII IX 2.5 2.5 Example I II Compound B 5.0 'Laurylsuccinic acid 5.0 Disodium sulfococcoate 5.0 2.5 Lauryl ether- (4) carboxylate 5.0 2.5 Lauryl disodium sulphosuccinate 5.0 in sufficient quantity to 100% 2.5 Deionized water Example X. regarding foam properties in hard water using the modified Ross-Miles process, which has been separated above, and the results are as follows: The compositions prepared in Examples I-IX are tested Example Initial foam height in mm - '200' ppm 'hard water' I 358 II 330 III 348 IV 330 V 330 VI 365 VII 375 VIII 368 IX 378 v As can be easily seen from the results above, the compositions containing a mixture of the specific complexes of I amphoteric fatty acid and the anionic surfactants of the present invention (Examples VI-IX) a synergistic increase in initial foam height. It should also be noted that the quality of the foam generated by the compositions of the present invention is superior to that of other compositions in that it is denser and creamier. A generated foam of this nature is not only better appreciated by the consumer but is also able to support and suspend dirt in a manner more openly, whipping-like foam according to the compositions of Examples I-IV and thus this dirt is more easily removed.

Example XI. A unitary detergent composition is prepared by adding to a steam jacketed rotary mixer 23.7 parts by weight of stearic acid, 13.3 parts by weight of dextrin, 35; 1 parts by weight of disodium and foams, 14.2 parts by weight of compound A, 2 parts titanium dioxide and 10.0 parts water. The mixture is heated to 59-60 ° C and mixed to homogeneity and the pH is adjusted to 7.2-0.2 with 50% NuOH solution. The solution obtained is cooled, rolled into flakes, ground, coarsely pressed and pressed into pieces with the following composition:% w / w * Stearic acid I 23.7 Dextrin 13.3 * Disodium α-sulfococcoate 35.1 Compound A 14.2 TiO 2 50% NaOH 5.2 Deionized water __§¿§ 100.0 _ The pieces obtained foam abundantly in hard and soft water and are free from limescale soap deposits and have also been shown to be a mild eye irritant when tested.

Example XII A low pH piece detergent composition is prepared according to the procedure of Example XI and has the following composition: in weight / weight Compound B 20.00 fi ä Stearic acid 15.00 Polyethylene glycol 4000 5.00 Doxtrin 10.00 Talc 10.00 Disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate 35 .00 Deionized water 5.00 100.00 Example XIII. A liquid cream soap product was prepared as follows; 87.5 parts by weight of compound C and 20.0 parts by weight of lauric amber guide are added to a vessel equipped with a stirrer and steam and heated to 4500. The pH is adjusted to 7.0 / 0.2 with dilute NaOH followed by the addition of 1 part propylene glycol and 95 g of deionized water. The mass is cooled to 30 ° C and 2 parts of a flavoring agent are added before filling into tubes. The product obtained has the following composition: 1 * 0 448 632% w / w Compound_C 42.57 Lauryl succinate 9.73 Propylene glycol 0.48 Flavor 0.97 Deionized water in sufficient quantity to 100% The product is an even freed from the hubs.

ExemQel'XIV. An opaque liquid soap is prepared with the following composition:% w / w Compound D 30.0 Lauryl sarcosinate 20.0 Polyethylene glycol 6000-distearate 3.0 5 "Deionized water in sufficient quantity to 100 pH of the above preparation is adjusted to 6.0 with dilute HCl .

Exemgel XV. the following composition: An opaque liquid soap was prepared with $ Weight / weight Sulfosuccinate 3.00 Compound A 2.50 Ammonium lauryl (3) ether sulfate 3.00 Polyoxyethylene 80-sorbitan monolaurate 5.00 Preservative 0.10 Dye and flavoring 0.25 10. Deionized water in sufficient amount to 100 pH of the above preparation was adjusted to 6.0 with dilute HCl.

In addition to the suitable embodiments described herein, other embodiments, features, and variations within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims may be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

. _... _.fv .._....._.._._._.___.._.-..__ v_ ~ __....___.... _ li 448 632 fatentkrav A low irritant detergent and cleansing composition, characterized in that the active ingredients consist essentially of a) 1-50% by weight of a complex of amphoteric fatty acid of the formula __011 @ / 1 - R1-CD R2-w 'H Wherein R represents alkyl or substituted alkyl having 6-18 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; R? represents n-alkyl having 8-18 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof want-I: x11-'ylzulzniclcn mml Inrml10 0 Z n | g R3-C-N-Y wherein R3 represents alkyl having 8-1§ carbon atoms, Z represents H or lower alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms; and Y represents the lower alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms; A1 and A2 are the same or different and are selected from anionic salt moieties, which consist of the following: {cH2cH2-cooxln fcH2-cooxln, fcH2cHOH-cH2_sn3x] n, fCH2-CHÜH-CH2-ÛPÜ3Xln wherein X represents a water-soluble cation and n an integer 1 or 2, wherein if only one of A1 and A2 is selected from the above anionic salt moieties, the others may be lower alkyl or lower hydroxyalkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms; and I b) 2-50% by weight of an anionic detergent selected from sulfosuccinates, alkyl carboxylates, α-sulfofatty acid and ester carboxylates, alkyl succinates, alkyl sarcosinates and fatty acid protein condensate. 2. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex of amphoteric fatty acid and the anionic surfactant is in a ratio of from 1: 4 to 4: 1. U »V5 448 632 3. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex of amphoteric fatty acid has the formula: 0 HFH OH n I '2 4 c H -cN (cH _ HQ) 11 23 2 2 ¥ \\ R, -c-0 H cH2c00K wherein R1 represents C11H23-C18H37 mixture. 4. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex of amphoteric fatty acid has the formula: Û CH CH CÛÛN g C) / f 2 2 a C) ° 1z "2s * T \\ H cuzcnzcouwa wherein R1 represents a C6H13- H18H37 mixture. 5. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex of amphoteric fatty acid has the formula: f? e H CH tH cn0N ,, / 2 2 a C) C11H23C „° C14 -N 29 \\ cH2 H CH2C0ÜNa 6. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex of amphoteric fatty acid is 5-15% by weight of the total composition. 7. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic surfactant is an alkyl sarcosinate. 8. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic surfactant is sulfosuccinate. 9. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic surfactant is an alkyl succinate. 10. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic surfactant is 5-40% by weight of the total composition.