RU2825263C1 - Construction bracket, wall structure of building and method of construction using plank-like element - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a construction bracket. Construction bracket comprises a first fixing portion that includes a first surface for contacting a building frame; and a second locking portion that extends from the end of the first locking portion to the side opposite the first surface so as to cross the first locking portion. Second fixing part includes: a main part, which includes a second surface for contacting a structural member; a rib portion that protrudes from the main portion to the side opposite the second surface and includes a third surface located in the protruding end of the rib portion, for contact with structural element; first side wall part, which protrudes from the end of the main part in the width direction, which intersects with the direction in which the second fixing part extends, to the same side, to which the rib portion protrudes, wherein the first side wall portion includes a first wall portion for contacting the structural member, arranged parallel to the rib portion in the width direction; and a second side wall part which projects from the other end of the main part in the direction of the width of the main part to the same side to which the rib-like part projects, wherein the second side wall part includes a second wall part for contacting the structural element, arranged parallel to the rib-like part in the width direction. Embodiments of the wall structure of the building and the construction method are also described.

EFFECT: bracket can be used to construct a wall structure of a building, as well as to a wall structure of a building and a method of construction using a plank-like element, in which a construction bracket is used.

15 cl, 25 dwg

Description

AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction bracket that can be used for constructing a wall structure of a building, as well as to a wall structure of a building and a construction method using a plank-shaped element in which the construction bracket is used.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

[0002] In the construction of a wall structure of a building, various types of fastening and connecting tools are used to vertically and horizontally connect a plurality of plank-shaped elements to each other and form a wall surface to form a wall structure. Cases are known in which, as an example of such fastening and connecting tools, brackets (construction brackets) are used to fasten to a frame structure, for example, a lathing to which plank-shaped elements forming a wall surface are attached and which support the plank-shaped elements. Methods related to such construction brackets are described below, for example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2.

LIST OF CITED DOCUMENTS

[0003] Patent documents

Patent Document 1: JP 2019-7327A

Patent document 2: JP 2015-169041A

DISCLOSURE OF THE ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] The building brackets must have such a strength that they can withstand the construction operations of the wall structure and continuously support the finished wall structure. On the other hand, depending on the type of building structure, such as a steel structure (S structure), there are limitations on the locations in which the building brackets can be placed when constructing the wall structure, and there are also limitations on the locations in which the fixing objects, such as purlins, can be placed, which must be attached to and supported by the building brackets. Therefore, the known brackets sometimes cannot be used to create a given wall structure depending on the design of the said brackets.

[0005] The present invention was made in view of the said circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to create a building bracket that has improved strength and provides the possibility of realizing a high degree of freedom in terms of the relationship of location with the object of fixation in the structure, as well as to create a wall structure of a building and a construction method using a plank-shaped element, in which the said building bracket is used.

SOLVING THE PROBLEM

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present invention, a building bracket is provided. This building bracket includes a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion. The first fixing portion includes a first surface for contact with a building frame. The second fixing portion includes a main portion, a rib portion, a first side wall portion and a second side wall portion.

[0007] The second fixing portion extends from the end of the first fixing portion to the side opposite to the first surface so as to intersect the first fixing portion and includes a second surface for coming into contact with the structural element. The rib-shaped portion projects from the main portion to the side opposite to the second surface and includes a third surface located at the protruding end of the rib-shaped portion for coming into contact with the structural element. The first side wall portion projects from the end of the main portion in the width direction that intersects with the direction in which the second fixing portion extends, to the same side to which the rib-shaped portion projects, wherein the first side wall portion includes a first wall portion for coming into contact with the structural element arranged parallel to the rib-shaped portion in the width direction. The second side wall portion projects from the other end of the main portion in the width direction of the main portion to the same side to which the rib-shaped portion projects, wherein the second side wall portion includes a second wall portion for coming into contact with the structural element arranged parallel to the rib-shaped portion in the width direction.

[0008] Such a construction bracket is used when constructing a wall structure in the manner described below.

[0009] First, the first surface of the first fixing portion of the building bracket is brought into contact with a predetermined wall surface of the frame structure, and in this state, the building bracket and the wall surface are fixed to each other by a fastening member that passes through the first fixing portion from the side opposite to the first surface and reaches the wall surface. For example, a plurality of building brackets are fixed to the wall surface of the frame structure at a predetermined position.

[0010] Then, in a state in which the fixing object (structural element) overlaps, for example, at least two building brackets attached to the wall surface, the fixing object is attached to the building brackets (in a bracket fastening operation). The fixing object refers to a supporting member to which lath-shaped elements are attached to form a wall part; it supports the lath-shaped elements and is, for example, a batten. The batten may be a so-called vertical batten or a lateral batten.

[0011] In the bracket fixing operation, in particular, the fixing object is brought into contact with the second surfaces of the main parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, and in this state, the building brackets and the fixing object are fixed and fixed to each other by fastening elements that pass through the main parts from the side opposite to the second surfaces and reach the fixing object. Alternatively, the fixing object is brought into contact with the third surfaces of the rib-shaped parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, wherein the first wall parts and the second wall parts, and also in this state, the building brackets and the fixing object are fixed and fixed to each other by fastening elements that pass through the rib-shaped parts from the side opposite to the third surfaces and reach the fixing object.

[0012] In the building brackets used in such a manner as described above, for example, the second fixing portion to be fixed to the object of fixing includes a rib-shaped portion disposed in its main portion, and also includes a first side wall portion and a second side wall portion which protrude from the main portion toward the same side toward which the rib-shaped portion protrudes. Such a structure makes it possible to increase the strength of the building bracket in terms of being able to withstand operations for creating a wall structure including so-called adjustment of unevenness, etc., and being able to continuously support the finished wall structure.

[0013] In addition, the second fixing portion of the construction bracket, which is to be fixed to the fixing object, includes a second surface and a third surface opposite to the second surface as a surface for coming into contact with the structural element. Such a structure makes it possible to realize a high degree of freedom in terms of the positional relationship between the construction bracket and the fixing object when constructing a wall structure. Thus, this construction bracket can be used in various orientations and assembly structures.

[0014] As described above, the building bracket according to the first aspect of the present invention makes it possible to increase its strength and to realize a high degree of freedom in terms of a positional relationship with a fixed object in a structure. The increase in the strength of the building bracket makes it possible to suppress deformation of the building bracket in a wall structure of a building in which the building bracket is used, and thus makes it possible to stably support a fixed object fixed by the building bracket and another structural member such as a lath-shaped member to form a wall portion that is fixed to this fixed object. In addition, the realization of a high degree of freedom with respect to the positional relationships described above makes it possible to use the building bracket in constructing wall structures of various types in various types of building structures such as a steel structure (S structure) and a reinforced concrete structure (RC structure).

[0015] Furthermore, in the building bracket, the above-described structure in which the first wall portion of the first side wall portion, the second wall portion of the second side wall portion and the rib-shaped portion arranged between them protrude toward the same side of the main portion and are arranged parallel to each other, forms a second fixing portion that allows contact with a fixing object in three positions when the fixing object is arranged on the third surface side of the second fixing portion and is attached to the second fixing portion. The structure in which the second fixing portion comes into contact with the fixing object in three positions allows the second fixing portion, i.e. the building bracket, to stably support the fixing object or another structural member such as a plank-shaped member to form a wall surface that is attached to this fixing object.

[0016] Preferably, the protrusion heights of the third surface, the first wall portion and the second wall portion of said main portion are equal to each other. Such a structure is suitable when the second fixing portion comes into contact with the fixing object in three positions, in the case in which the fixing object is arranged on the third surface side of the second fixing portion and is attached to the second fixing portion, and thus it is possible for the second fixing portion, i.e. the building bracket, to stably support the fixing object or another structural element, such as a plank-shaped element, to form a wall surface that is attached to the fixing object.

[0017] Preferably, the first fixing portion includes: a third side wall portion that projects from the end of the first fixing portion in the width direction to the same side to which the second fixing portion projects; and a fourth side wall portion that projects from the other end of the first fixing portion in the width direction to the same side to which the second fixing portion projects. In this case, it is more preferable that the first side wall portion of the second fixing portion and the third side wall portion of the first fixing portion are connected to each other, and also the second side wall portion of the second fixing portion and the fourth side wall portion of the first fixing portion are connected to each other. Such a structure is suitable from the point of view of increasing the strength of the building bracket.

[0018] Preferably, the first side wall portion includes a first high wall portion that is higher than the first wall portion and is located closer to the first fixing portion than the first wall portion, and the second side wall portion includes a second high wall portion that is higher than the second wall portion and is located closer to the first fixing portion than the second wall portion. Such a structure is suitable from the point of view of increasing the strength of the building bracket.

[0019] Preferably, the main part of the second fixing part has at least one opening through which the fastening element must pass. Preferably, the opening includes an opening of an elongated shape that continues in the direction in which the second fixing part passes. Preferably, the rib-shaped part has at least one opening through which the fastening element must pass. Preferably, this opening includes an opening of an elongated shape that continues in the direction in which the second fixing part passes. Preferably, the first fixing part has at least one opening through which the fastening element must pass. Preferably, this opening includes a first opening and at least one second opening that is located in the region surrounding the first opening and that is smaller than the first opening. Such structures make it possible to eliminate or prevent the operation of making an opening in the building bracket through which the fastening element must pass when constructing a wall structure using this building bracket, thus achieving simplification and ensuring the efficiency of construction work.

[0020] Preferably, the surface of the first fixing portion, which is opposite to the first surface, has a base line for use in positioning. Such a structure is suitable for use in positioning the construction bracket during the construction of a wall structure using this construction bracket.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a wall structure of a building is provided. The wall structure of a building includes: a building frame that includes a wall surface; a plurality of building brackets arranged on the wall surface; a plurality of supporting elements, each of which passes through at least two building brackets; a plurality of first fastening elements; a plurality of second fastening elements; and a plurality of strip-shaped elements for covering the wall surface.

[0022] Each of the building brackets is the above-described building bracket according to the first aspect of the present invention. In the wall structure of the building, the first surfaces of the first fixing portions of the building brackets are in contact with the wall surface, wherein the building brackets and the wall surface are attached to each other by first fastening elements that pass through the first fixing portions from the side opposite to the first surfaces and reach the wall surface. Each of the supporting elements includes a first connecting portion that is attached to the building brackets, and a second connecting portion that is connected to the side of the first connecting portion located opposite to the wall surface. In addition, the plank-shaped elements are directly or indirectly attached to the second connecting portions of the supporting elements.

[0023] In at least one of the plurality of fixing positions in which the plurality of supporting elements are attached to the plurality of building brackets, any of the first fixing aspect and the second fixing aspect, which will be described below, are implemented.

[0024] In the first aspect of fixation, the first connecting portion of the supporting element is in contact with the second surfaces of the main portions of the second fixing portions of the building brackets, wherein the building brackets and the supporting element are fixed to each other by second fastening elements that pass through the main portions from the side opposite to the second surfaces and reach the first connecting portion. In the second aspect of fixation, the first connecting portion of the supporting element is in contact with the third surfaces of the rib-shaped portions of the second fixing portions of the building brackets, wherein the first wall portions and the second wall portions, as well as the building brackets and the supporting element are fixed to each other by second fastening elements that pass through the rib-shaped portions from the side opposite to the third surfaces and reach the first connecting portion.

[0025] In the wall structure of the building, the building brackets according to the first aspect of the present invention are used. Thus, according to the wall structure of the building, the building brackets included in the wall structure of the building provide the same technical effects as those described with respect to the building bracket according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0026] With respect to the aspects of fastening the plank-shaped members to the supporting members, the structure in which "the plank-shaped members are directly fastened to the second connecting portions of the supporting members" specifically refers to a structure in which the plank-shaped members are connected to the second connecting portions without using supporting members other than said supporting members, and are directly fastened to the supporting members by connecting members or fastening members such as screws. According to such a structure, no other supporting members other than said supporting members are used as members for directly fastening the plank-shaped members, which makes it possible to reduce the number of constituent components and simplify operations by reducing the number of working steps.

[0027] On the other hand, with respect to the aspects of fastening the lath-shaped members to the supporting members, a structure in which "the lath-shaped members are indirectly fastened to the second connecting portions of the supporting members" particularly refers to a structure in which the lath-shaped members are connected to the second connecting portion by supporting members (second supporting members, for example, the further supporting members described below) different from said supporting members (the first supporting member), and the second supporting members are fastened to the first supporting members by fastening members such as screws, and the lath-shaped members are further fastened to the second supporting members by fastening members or fastening members such as screws. At least one second supporting member is provided. With such a structure using a second supporting member different from the first supporting member, it becomes possible to preferentially adjust the unevenness of the wall surface and to more stably support the lath-shaped members.

[0028] According to the above-described second aspect of the present invention, the wall structure of the building preferably further includes an extension member and a third fastening member as follows.

[0029] The extension element includes an extension main portion, a first extension side wall portion and a second extension side wall portion. The extension main portion includes a fourth surface for coming into contact with the second surface or the third surface of the main portion of the building bracket, and a fifth surface for coming into contact with the structural element located opposite the fourth surface, wherein the extension main portion extends along the main portion. The first extension side wall portion projects from the end of the extension main portion in the width direction that intersects with the extension direction, wherein the extension main portion extends to the side of the fourth surface in the thickness direction of the extension main portion. The second extension side wall portion projects from the other end of the extension main portion in the width direction that intersects with the extension direction of the extension main portion, to the same side to which the first extension side wall portion projects.

[0030] The second fixing portion of the building bracket is adapted between the first extension side wall portion and the second extension side wall portion of the extension element, and the extension element extends further toward the side opposite the first fixing portion relative to the second fixing portion of the building bracket in the extension direction in which the second fixing portion extends and in the extension direction in which the extension main portion extends.

[0031] In the fixing position in which the supporting member is fixed to the building bracket, any one of the first fixing aspect and the second fixing aspect, which will be described below, is implemented.

[0032] In the first aspect of fastening, the fourth surface of the extension member is in contact with the second surface of the main portion of the second fixing portion of the building bracket, and the building bracket and the supporting member are fixed to each other by a third fastening member that passes through the main portion from the side opposite to the second surface and reaches the extension main portion, wherein the first connecting portion of the supporting member is in contact with the fifth surface of the extension member, and the extension member and the supporting member are fixed to each other by a second fastening member that passes through the extension member from the side of the fourth surface and reaches the first connecting portion.

[0033] In the second aspect of fastening, the fourth surface of the extension member is in contact with the third surface of the rib-shaped portion of the second fixing portion of the building bracket, and the building bracket and the extension member are fixed to each other by a third fastening member that passes through the main portion from the side opposite to the second surface and reaches the extension main portion, wherein the first connecting portion of the supporting member is in contact with the fifth surface of the extension member, and the extension member and the supporting member are fixed to each other by a second fastening member that passes through the extension member from the side of the fourth surface and reaches the first connecting portion.

[0034] The extension member described above is suitable for use in adjusting the unevenness of the supporting member. In addition, the building bracket and the extension member described above, which interact with each other to connect the frame structure and the supporting member, are suitable for increasing their strength in the wall structure of the building and realizing a high degree of freedom in terms of the relationship of location with the supporting member.

[0035] Preferably, the extension main part includes: at least one hole of an elongated shape through which a fastening element is to pass, and which continues in the direction of extension of the extension main part; and at least one hole through which a fastening element is to pass, and which is located at a certain distance from the hole of an elongated shape in the width direction. Such a structure is suitable for eliminating or preventing the operation of making a hole in the extension element Y through which a fastening element is to pass, when constructing a wall structure of a building, thereby achieving simplification and improvement of the efficiency of construction work.

[0036] Preferably, the wall structure of the building also includes a plurality of additional supporting elements, each of which extends across at least two supporting elements. The additional supporting elements are attached to the second connecting portions of these at least two supporting elements, and the lath-shaped elements are attached to the additional supporting elements. Such a structure is suitable for the case in which the plurality of additional supporting elements are arranged with a pitch different from the pitch with which the building brackets are arranged (a pitch that is smaller than the pitch of the latter), and the lath-shaped elements are attached to the additional supporting elements, and are thus suitable for a more stable support of the lath-shaped elements.

[0037] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a method of construction using a plank-shaped element is provided for attaching the plank-shaped element to a building frame including a wall surface. The method of construction using the plank-shaped element includes a first process, a second process, and a third process.

[0038] In the first process, a plurality of building brackets are attached to the wall surface. Each of the building brackets is the above-described building bracket according to the first aspect of the present invention. In the first process, the first surfaces of the first fixing portions of the building brackets are brought into contact with the wall surface, and the building brackets and the wall surface are attached to each other by first fastening elements that pass through the first fixing portions from the side opposite to the first surfaces and reach the wall surface.

[0039] In the second process, the supporting element is attached to at least two building brackets attached to the wall surface. The supporting element includes a first connecting portion that is attached to the building brackets, and a second connecting portion that is connected to the side of the first connecting portion that is opposite to the wall surface.

[0040] In the second process, in particular, the first connecting part of the supporting element is brought into contact with the second surfaces of the main parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, and the building brackets and the supporting element are fastened to each other by second fastening elements that pass through the main parts from the side opposite to the second surfaces and reach the first connecting part. Alternatively, in the second process, the first connecting part of the supporting element is brought into contact with the third surfaces of the rib-shaped parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, wherein the first wall parts and the second wall parts, as well as the building brackets and the supporting element are fastened to each other by second fastening elements that pass through the rib-shaped parts from the side opposite to the third surfaces and reach the first connecting part.

[0041] In addition, in the third process, the plank-shaped member is directly or indirectly attached to the supporting member.

[0042] In the method of construction using a lath-shaped element, construction brackets according to the first aspect of the present invention are used. Thus, according to the method of construction using a lath-shaped element, the construction brackets used in this method provide the same technical results as those described with respect to the bracket X according to the first aspect of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a building bracket according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is another perspective view showing a building bracket according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of the building bracket shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the building bracket shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the building bracket shown in FIG. 1, wherein this sectional view shows a portion that corresponds to the sectional view shown in FIG. 3 of the building bracket shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the building bracket shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 shows an example of the aspect of fastening brackets when constructing a wall structure.

FIG. 8 shows an example process of the operation of installing a supporting element using a bracket when constructing a wall structure.

FIG. 9 shows a process that follows the process shown in FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 shows a process that follows the process shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 shows another example 1 of an assembly structure of a supporting element.

FIG. 12 shows another example 2 of an assembly structure of a supporting element.

FIG. 13 shows another example 3 of an assembly structure of a supporting element.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the extension member.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV of the extension member shown in FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 shows an example of an assembly structure of a supporting member in which a building bracket and an extension member are used.

FIG. 17 shows another example 1 of an assembly structure of a supporting member in which a building bracket and an extension member are used.

FIG. 18 shows another example 2 of an assembly structure of a supporting member in which a building bracket and an extension member are used.

FIG. 19 shows another example 3 of an assembly structure of a supporting member in which a building bracket and an extension member are used.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view (a perspective view with a partial cutaway view) showing a wall structure of a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a partial sectional view of the wall structure of the building shown in FIG. 20.

FIG. 22 is another partial sectional view of the wall structure of the building shown in FIG. 20.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view (a perspective view with a partial cutaway view) showing a wall structure of a building according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a partial sectional view of the wall structure of the building shown in FIG. 23.

FIG. 25 is another partial sectional view of the wall structure of the building shown in FIG. 23.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0044] FIGS. 1-3 show a bracket X according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the bracket X. FIG. 2 is another perspective view of the bracket X. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of the bracket X of FIG. 1.

[0045] The bracket X includes a first fixing portion 10 and a second fixing portion 20. The bracket X is, for example, a construction bracket for use in the construction of a wall structure of a building and is a member for fastening a lathing or the like to which a lath-shaped member is fixed for creating a wall part of the formed wall structure, and which supports said lath-shaped member for creating a frame structure.

[0046] The first fixing portion 10 of the bracket X has a shaped portion extending in one direction (the second direction D2) from the end of the second fixing portion 20, which extends in the first direction D1 different from the second direction D2. Although in the present embodiment the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are orthogonal to each other, it is sufficient in essence that the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 intersect with each other. Further, in the present embodiment the first fixing portion 10 and the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X have a width in a direction (the width direction W) which is orthogonal to the first direction D1 and orthogonal to the second direction D2 (it is sufficient in essence that the width direction W intersects with the first direction D1 and the second direction D2). The size of the first fixing portion 10 in the second direction D2 is in a range of, for example, 30 mm to 70 mm. The size of the second fixing part 20 in the first direction D1 is in the range, for example, from 70 mm to 140 mm. The width of the bracket X, i.e. the width of the first fixing part 10 and the second fixing part 20 (width dimension in the direction W) is in the range, for example, from 30 mm to 70 mm.

[0047] The first fixing portion 10 includes a surface 11 (the first surface) for coming into contact with the building frame, wherein the surface 11 is located opposite the second fixing portion 20. The surface 12 of the first fixing portion 10 is located opposite the surface 11 and is provided with reference lines L (including a reference line extending in the second direction D2 and a reference line extending in the width direction W) for use in positioning. In the present embodiment, for example, the reference lines L are formed by notching on the surface 12. Instead, the reference lines L can be printed on the surface 12.

[0048] Furthermore, the first fixing portion 10 includes a third side wall portion 13 and a fourth side wall portion 14. The third side wall portion 13 projects from an end of the first fixing portion 10 in the width direction W toward the second fixing portion 20. The fourth side wall portion 14 projects from the other end of the first fixing portion 10 in the width direction W toward the second fixing portion 20. In the first fixing portion 10, each of the protrusion heights of the third side wall portion 13 and the fourth side wall portion 14 from the surface 12 is in a range of, for example, 6 mm to 15 mm.

[0049] In the present embodiment, the first fixing portion 10 has openings H1-H5 through which the fastening element is to pass. The openings H4 and H5 are smaller than the opening H1. The opening H1 is an opening of an elongated shape that continues in the second direction D2. The size of the opening H1 in the second direction D2 is in the range of, for example, 15 mm to 45 mm, and the size of the opening H1 in the width direction W is in the range of, for example, 7 mm to 18 mm.

[0050] The hole H2 is an elongated hole that continues in the second direction D2 and is located at a certain distance from the hole H1 in the width direction W. The size of the hole H2 in the second direction D2 is in the range of, for example, 7 mm to 17 mm, and the size of the hole H2 in the width direction W is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. The hole H3 is an elongated hole that continues in the second direction D2 and is located at a certain distance from the hole H1 toward the side opposite to the hole H2 in the width direction W. The size of the hole H3 in the second direction D2 is in the range of, for example, 7 mm to 17 mm, and the size of the hole H3 in the width direction W is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm.

[0051] The hole H4 is a circular hole located at a certain distance from the hole H2 in the second direction D2 and at the same time overlapping with the hole H2 with respect to the formation position in the width direction W. The diameter of the hole H4 is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. The hole H5 is a circular hole located at a certain distance from the hole H3 in the second direction D2 and at the same time overlapping with the hole H3 with respect to the formation position in the width direction W. The diameter of the hole H5 is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. These configurations are given as an example. In the width direction W, the hole H4 and the hole H2 can be offset, and the hole H5 and the hole H3 can be offset. Furthermore, in the second direction D2, the hole H4 and the hole H2 can be exchanged with respect to the formation position, and the hole H5 and the hole H3 can be exchanged with respect to the formation position.

[0052] The second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X includes a main portion 21, a rib portion 22, a first side wall portion 23 and a second side wall portion 24.

[0053] The second fixing portion extends from the end of the first fixing portion to the side opposite the first surface so as to intersect with the first fixing portion. The main portion 21 includes a surface 21A (second surface) for coming into contact with the structural element and a surface 21B located opposite the surface 21A. The surface 21A is located on the side in the second direction D2, which is opposite the first fixing portion 10, extending from the second fixing portion 20.

[0054] In the present embodiment, the main part 21 has an opening H6 through which the fastening element is to pass, and four openings H7 aligned in a line in the first direction D1. The opening H6 is an opening of an elongated shape that continues in the first direction D1. The size of the opening H6 in the first direction D1 is in the range of, for example, 15 mm to 100 mm, and the size of the opening H6 in the width direction W is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. The openings H7 are circular openings located at a certain distance from the opening H6 in the width direction W. The diameter of the openings H7 is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. The number of openings H7 in the main part 21 is four according to the present embodiment, as described above, but may be less than four or more than four. In addition, the openings H6 and H7 in relation to their arrangement are formed such that the rib-shaped portion 22 is located between the opening H6 and the openings H7, i.e. the position in which the hole H6 is made and the positions in which the holes H7 are made may be reversed relative to the positions shown in FIG. 2.

[0055] The rib-shaped portion 22 projects from the main portion 21 toward the side opposite to the surface 21A (the side of the surface 21B) and includes a surface 22A (the third surface) located at its projecting end for coming into contact with the structural element. The size of the rib-shaped portion 22 in the first direction D1 is in the range of, for example, 30 mm to 140 mm. The size of the rib-shaped portion 22 in the width direction W is in the range of, for example, 8 mm to 30 mm. In addition, the height of the projection of the rib-shaped portion 22 from the main portion 21 is in the range of, for example, 5 mm to 12 mm.

[0056] In the present embodiment, the rib-shaped portion 22 has openings H8 and H9 through which the fastening element is to pass. The opening H8 is an opening of an elongated shape that continues in the first direction D1. The size of the opening H8 in the first direction D1 is in the range of, for example, 15 mm to 100 mm, and the size of the opening H8 in the width direction W is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. The opening H9 is a round opening located at a certain distance from the opening H8 in the first direction D1. The diameter of the opening H9 is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. In the rib-shaped portion 22, a greater number of openings H9 can be formed than shown in the drawing.

[0057] The first side wall portion 23 projects from the end of the main portion 21 in the width direction W (i.e. the direction which is orthogonal to the first direction D1 in which the second fixing portion 20 extends) to the same side as the side in the direction to which the rib-shaped portion 22 projects. The first side wall portion 23 includes a first wall portion 23a for coming into contact with a structural element arranged parallel to the rib-shaped portion 22 in the width direction W. In the present embodiment, the first side wall portion 23 includes a first high wall portion 23b which is higher than the first wall portion 23a and is located closer to the first fixing portion 10 than the first wall portion 23a. In addition, in the present embodiment, the first side wall portion 23 of the second fixing portion 20 and the above-described third side wall portion 13 of the first fixing portion 10 are connected to each other at the end of the bracket X in the width direction W.

[0058] The second side wall portion 24 projects from the other end of the main portion 21 in the width direction W to the same side k that the rib portion 22 projects. The second side wall portion 24 includes a second wall portion 24a in order to come into contact with a structural member located parallel to the rib portion 22 in the width direction W. In the present embodiment, the second side wall portion 24 includes a second high wall portion 24b that is higher than the second wall portion 24a and is located closer to the first fixing portion 10 than the second wall portion 24a. Further, in the present embodiment, the second side wall portion 24 of the second fixing portion 20 and the above-described fourth side wall portion 14 of the first fixing portion 10 are connected to each other at the other end of the bracket X in the width direction W.

[0059] The protrusion heights of the first wall portion 23a and the second wall portion 24a of the first side wall portion 23 and the second side wall portion 24 from the main portion 21 are equal to the protrusion height of the rib-shaped portion 22 and are in the range of, for example, 5 mm to 12 mm. The protrusion height of the first high wall portion 23b from the main portion 21 is in the range of, for example, 6 mm to 15 mm, since it is greater than the protrusion height of the first high wall portion 23a. The protrusion height of the second high wall portion 24b from the main portion 21 is in the range of, for example, 6 mm to 15 mm, since it is greater than the protrusion height of the second high wall portion 24a.

[0060] The bracket X having the above-described structure can be manufactured by stamping, bending and pressing a metal plate such as, for example, a steel plate. The thickness of the metal plate used to manufacture the bracket X is in the range of, for example, 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 4, the bracket X may have a structure in which the first side wall portion 23 and the second side wall portion 24 do not include the first high wall portion 23b and the second high wall portion 24b.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 4, the bracket X, in addition to the holes H8 and H9, may also include a hole H10 in the rib-shaped portion 22. The hole H10 is a circular hole and is located at a certain distance from the hole H8 in the direction toward the side opposite to the hole H9, that is, in the first direction D1. The diameter of the hole H10 is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm.

[0063] The bracket X may also have reference lines L located on the surface 12 of the first fixing portion 10 in positions different from those shown in FIG. 1. For example, the reference line L on the surface 12 of the first fixing portion 10 of the bracket X shown in FIG. 4, which extends in the vertical direction relative to FIG. 4, is located on the right side of FIG. 4 relative to the reference line L on the surface 12 of the first fixing portion 10 of the bracket X shown in FIG. 1, which extends in the vertical direction relative to FIG. 1.

[0064] In the bracket X as shown in FIG. 5, the second fixing portion 20 may include two rib-shaped portions 22 of the above-described type which extend in the first direction D1 (FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a portion which corresponds to the sectional view shown in FIG. 3 of the bracket X shown in FIG. 1). In this case, the protruding height of these two rib-shaped portions 22 from the main portion 21 and the protruding heights of the first wall portion 23a and the second wall portion 24a of the first side wall portion 23 and the second side wall portion 24 from the main portion 21 are equal to each other. In this structure, each of these two rib-shaped portions 22 may have an opening H8 which has an elongated shape and an opening H9 which is a circular opening. Alternatively, a design is also possible in which one of these two ribbed parts 22 has an opening H8 of an elongated shape, and the other ribbed part 22 has an opening H9, which is round.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 6, the bracket X may also include a rib-shaped portion 22 that extends substantially over the entire region of the second fixing portion 20 in the first direction D1. Such a structure is preferable in terms of increasing the strength of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, i.e. the strength of the bracket X.

[0066] The above-described brackets X are fixed to a predetermined wall surface 31 of the frame structure at a predetermined position when constructing the wall structure, as shown in FIG. 7, for example (FIG. 7 shows an exemplary case where the frame structure is a reinforced concrete structure, and an anchor bolt is used as a fastener for fixing the bracket X to the wall surface 31. The same applies to FIGS. 8-13). The wall surface 31 has lines 32 painted with black paint in advance, and the intersections of the lines 32 painted with black paint indicate the fixing positions of the brackets. The positioning of the brackets X on the wall surface 31 can be performed using the lines 32 painted with black paint and the above-described reference lines L on the first fixing portion 10. That is, The brackets X can be installed by arranging them in such a way that the corresponding base lines L overlap with the lines 32 painted in black when observed by an operator who is located in front of the wall surface 31.

[0067] FIG. 8-10 show an example of the installation operation of the supporting member using the brackets X in constructing the wall structure. First, as shown in FIG. 8, the bracket X is fixed to the wall surface 31 of the frame structure by the fastening member 41 (the first fastening member). Specifically, the surface 11 of the first fixing portion 10 of the bracket X is brought into contact with the wall surface 31 so that the bracket X is positioned properly, and then the bracket X, that is, its first fixing portion 10, is fixed to the wall surface 31 and fixed by the fastening member 41. The fastening member 41 is, for example, an anchor bolt that passes through the hole HI in the first fixing portion 10 from the side of the surface 12 (the opposite surface 11) and reaches the wall surface 31 (any element other than an anchor bolt may be used as the fastening member 41). In this example of the installation operation, the bracket X is fixed to the wall surface 31 in an orientation (first orientation) such that the second direction D2 of the bracket corresponds to the horizontal direction, and the first fixing portion 10 extends along the wall surface 31 from the end of the second fixing portion 20 to the right side (the right side when observed by an operator located in front of the wall surface 31).

[0068] When the bracket X is fixed to the wall surface 31 by the fastener 41, there may be a case in which the bracket X is displaced, for example, in the horizontal direction during the operation of fixing the bracket X to the wall surface 31 using the fastener 41 in a position in which the base lines L of the bracket X are aligned with the lines 32 painted with black paint on the wall surface 31. Even in this case, since the hole H1 through which the fastener 41 is inserted is an elongated hole, fine adjustment and re-alignment of the base lines L with the lines 32 painted with black paint can be performed, followed by fixing the bracket X to the wall surface 31. Fine adjustment and re-alignment of the base lines L with the lines 32 painted in black can also be performed when, instead of the hole H1 for attaching the bracket X to the wall surface 31 using the fastener 41, the hole H2 or the hole H3, which have an elongated shape, are used.

[0069] Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the supporting member 5 is temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X by the fastening member 42 (the second fastening member). The fastening member 42 is a self-tapping screw. The supporting member 5 is, for example, a lath to which a sheet material is to be directly or indirectly attached to form a wall surface when constructing a wall structure. As an example of the supporting member 5, a hollow square material is shown (the same applies to FIGS. 8-13). This supporting member 5 is arranged on the side of the surface 21A of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X in a position in which it extends in the vertical direction. In addition, the supporting member 5 includes a first connecting portion 5a which is attached to the bracket X, and a second connecting portion 5b which is connected to the side of the first connecting portion 5a opposite to the wall surface 31.

[0070] In the process shown in FIG. 9, in particular, the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 contacts the surface 21A of the main portion 21 of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, and in this position, the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are temporarily connected to each other by a fastening member 42, which passes through the hole H6 of the main portion 21 from the side of the surface 21B (opposite to the surface 21A) and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5. In the temporary connection, the fastening member 42 is shallowly screwed into the supporting member 5.

[0071] The position of the supporting element 5, temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1. In this way, if necessary, the unevenness on the supporting element 5 relative to the wall surface 31 can be adjusted by means of the bracket X.

[0072] Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the supporting member 5 is fixed to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X by the fastening member 42 and the fastening member 43 (the second fastening member). The fastening member 43 is a self-tapping screw. In this process, in particular, the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are fixed and fastened to each other by the fastening member 42, which must be further screwed in the temporary connection position described above (that is, the fastening member 42, which passes through the hole H6 in the main portion 21 from the side of the surface 21B and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5), and the fastening member 43, which passes through the hole H7 in the main portion 21 from the side of the surface 21B, reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 and is screwed into it.

[0073] When constructing a wall structure, the bracket X can be used, for example, in the manner described above for mounting a given supporting element on the wall surface of the frame structure.

[0074] Each of FIGS. 11-13 shows another example of an assembly structure of a supporting member.

[0075] In the example shown in FIG. 11, the bracket X is fixed to the wall surface 31 in an orientation (second orientation) in which its second direction D2 corresponds to a horizontal direction, and the first fixing portion 10 extends along the wall surface 31 from the end of the second fixing portion 20 to the left side (when viewed by an operator located in front of the wall surface 31). In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 11, the supporting member 5 is arranged on the side of the surface 22A (for example, shown in FIG. 1) of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X and extends in a vertical direction. The supporting element 5 is fixed and attached to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X by the fastening elements 42 and 43 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 22A of the ribbed portion 22 of the second fixing portion 20. The fastening element 42 passes through the opening H8 of the ribbed portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting element 5. The fastening element 43 passes through the opening H9 of the ribbed portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting element 5.

[0076] The assembly structure shown in FIG. 11 can be realized, for example, by performing a fastening operation using the fastening member 41 (fastening the first fixing portion 10 to the wall surface 31), a temporary connection operation using the fastening member 42 (temporarily connecting the supporting member 5 to the second fixing portion 20) and then adjusting the unevenness of the supporting member 5, which is performed if necessary, and a fastening operation using the fastening members 42 and 43 (fastening the supporting member 5 to the second fixing portion 20). In the unevenness adjustment that is performed after the temporary connection of the supporting member 5, in particular, the position of the supporting member 5 temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1.

[0077] In the example shown in FIG. 12, the bracket X is fixed to the wall surface 31 in an orientation (third orientation) in which its second direction D2 corresponds to the vertical direction, and the first fixing portion 10 extends downwardly along the wall surface 31 from the end of the second fixing portion 20. Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 12, the supporting member 5 is arranged on the side of the surface 21A of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X and extends in the horizontal direction. The supporting member 5 is fixed and attached to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X by the fastening members 42 and 43 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 21A of the main portion 21 of the second fixing portion 20. The fastening member 42 passes through the opening H6 (for example, shown in FIG. 1) of the rib-shaped portion 21 from the side of the surface 21B (opposite to the surface 21A) and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5. The fastening member 43 passes through the opening H7 (for example, shown in FIG. 1) of the rib-shaped portion 21 from the side of the surface 21B and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5.

[0078] The assembly structure shown in FIG. 12 can be realized, for example, by performing a fastening operation using the fastening member 41 (fastening the first fixing portion 10 to the wall surface 31), a temporary connection operation using the fastening member 42 (temporarily connecting the supporting member 5 to the second fixing portion 20) and then adjusting the unevenness of the supporting member 5, which is performed if necessary, and a fastening operation using the fastening members 42 and 43 (fastening the supporting member 5 to the second fixing portion 20). In the unevenness adjustment that is performed after the temporary connection of the supporting member 5, in particular, the position of the supporting member 5 temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1.

[0079] In the example shown in FIG. 13, the bracket X is fixed to the wall surface 31 in an orientation (fourth orientation) such that its second direction D2 corresponds to the vertical direction, and the first fixing portion 10 extends downward along the wall surface 31 from the end of the second fixing portion 20. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 13, the supporting member 5 is arranged on the side of the surface 22A (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X extending in the horizontal direction. The supporting member 5 is fixed and attached to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X by the fastening members 42 and 43 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 22A of the rib-shaped portion 22 of the second fixing portion 20. The fastening member 42 passes through the opening H8 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the rib-shaped portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5. The fastening member 43 passes through the opening H9 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the rib-shaped portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5.

[0080] The assembly structure shown in FIG. 13 can be realized, for example, by performing a fastening operation using the fastening member 41 (fastening the first fixing portion 10 to the wall surface 31), a temporary connection operation using the fastening member 42 (temporarily connecting the supporting member 5 to the second fixing portion 20) and then adjusting the unevenness of the supporting member 5, which is performed if necessary, and a fastening operation using the fastening members 42 and 43 (fastening the supporting member 5 to the second fixing portion 20). In the unevenness adjustment that is performed after the temporary connection of the supporting member 5, in particular, the position of the supporting member 5 temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1.

[0081] For example, in the bracket X used in the above-described manner, the second fixing portion 20 for fixing to the object of fixation (the supporting member 5 in the above-described examples) includes a rib-shaped portion 22 disposed in the main portion 21, and a first side wall portion 23 and a second side wall portion 24 that protrude from the main portion 21 toward the same side toward which the rib-shaped portion 22 protrudes. Such a structure is suitable for increasing the strength of the building bracket X in terms of its ability to withstand the operations of constructing a wall structure including the so-called unevenness adjustment and the like, as well as the ability to continuously hold the finished wall structure.

[0082] In addition, as described above, the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, which is to be fixed to the fixing object, includes, as surfaces for coming into contact with the structural element, a surface 21A and a surface 22A opposite thereto. Such a structure is suitable for realizing a high degree of freedom in relation to the arrangement between the bracket X and the fixing object, when constructing the wall structure as described above. That is, the bracket X can be used in various orientations and assembly structures.

[0083] As described above, the bracket X is suitable for increasing its strength and realizing a high degree of freedom in relation to the arrangement with the fixing object in construction. The increase in the strength of the bracket X is suitable for preventing the bracket X from deforming in the wall structure of the building in which the bracket X is used, and thus suitable for stably supporting the fixing object attached by the bracket X and another member such as a lath-shaped member to form a wall part that is attached to this fixing object.

[0084] Furthermore, in the bracket X, the above-described structure in which the first wall portion 23a of the first side wall portion 23, the second wall portion 24a of the second side wall portion 24 and the rib-shaped portion 22 located between them protrude in the direction toward the same side of the main portion 21 and are arranged parallel to each other, forms a second fixing portion 20 configured to come into contact with a fixing object in three positions when said fixing object is placed on the side of the surface 22A of the second fixing portion 20 and is fixed with the second fixing portion 20. Said structure in which the second fixing portion 20 comes into contact with the fixing object in three positions allows the second fixing portion 20 or the bracket X to stably support the fixing object or another element such as a plank-shaped element to form a wall surface that is fixed to this fixing object.

[0085] As described above, in the bracket X, the heights of the protrusion of the surface 22A, the first wall portion 23a and the second wall portion 24a from the main portion 21 are equal to each other. Such a structure allows the second fixing portion 20 to come into contact with the fixing object in three positions when said fixing object is placed on the side of the surface 22A of the second fixing portion 20 and is fixed to the second fixing portion 20, and thus allows the second fixing portion 20, i.e. the bracket X, to stably support the fixing object or another member such as a plank-shaped member for forming a wall surface that is fixed to said fixing object.

[0086] As described above, in the bracket X, the first fixing portion 10 includes a third side wall portion 13 which projects from an end of the first fixing portion 10 in the width direction W to the same side to which the second fixing portion 20 projects, and a fourth side wall portion 14 which projects from the other end of the first fixing portion 10 in the width direction W to the same side to which the second fixing portion 20 projects. The first side wall portion 23 of the second fixing portion 20 and the third side wall portion 13 of the first fixing portion 10 are connected to each other, and also the second side wall portion 24 of the second fixing portion 20 and the fourth side wall portion 14 of the first fixing portion 10 are connected to each other. Such a structure is preferable in terms of increasing the strength of the bracket X.

[0087] As described above, in the bracket X, the first side wall portion 23 includes a first high wall portion 23b which is higher than the first wall portion 23a and is located closer to the first fixing portion 10 than the first wall portion 23a, and the second side wall portion 24 includes a second high wall portion 24b which is higher than the second wall portion 24a and is located closer to the first fixing portion 10 than the second wall portion 24a. Such a structure is preferable in terms of improving the strength of the bracket X.

[0088] As described above, the bracket X has pre-formed holes such as holes H1-H9. This structure makes it possible to eliminate or prevent the operation of forming in the bracket X a hole through which a fastener must pass when constructing a wall structure using the bracket X, thereby simplifying the construction operation. In addition, the holes H6 and H8, which have an elongated shape, are formed in the second fixing portion 20 and extend in the first direction D1, can be used in the above-described unevenness adjustment.

[0089] As described above, in the bracket X, the surface 12 of the first fixing portion 10 is provided with reference lines L for use in positioning. Such a structure is suitable for use in positioning the bracket X during the construction of a wall structure using the bracket X.

[0090] As shown, for example, in FIGS. 16-19, the extension member together with the bracket X can be used in installing a supporting member using the bracket X in constructing a wall structure. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the extension member. FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV of the extension member Y of FIG. 14.

[0091] The extension member Y includes an extension main portion 60, a first extension side wall portion 61 and a second extension side wall portion 62. The extension main portion 60 has a shaped portion extending in one direction (the first direction D1 in the assembled state shown in FIG. 16-19) and has a width in a direction (width direction W) orthogonal to said one direction.

[0092] The extension main portion 60 includes a surface 60A (the fourth surface) for coming into contact with the surface 21A or the surface 22A of the main portion 21 of the bracket X, and a surface 60B (the fifth surface) for coming into contact with a structural element, located opposite the surface 60A. The size of the extension main portion 60 in the first direction D1 is in a range of, for example, 70 mm to 150 mm. The width of the extension main portion 60 (the size in the width direction W) is in a range of, for example, 31 mm to 85 mm.

[0093] The first extension side wall portion 61 projects from the end of the extension main portion 60 in the width direction W toward the surface side 60A in the thickness direction of the extension main portion 60. The second extension side wall portion 62 projects from the other end of the extension main portion 60 in the width direction W toward the surface side 60A in the thickness direction of the extension main portion 60. Both the protrusion heights of the first extension side wall portion 61 and the second extension side wall portion 62 from the surface 60A are in a range of, for example, 5 mm to 15 mm.

[0094] In the present embodiment, the extension main part 60 has an opening H11 through which the fastening member is to pass, and eight openings H12 through which the fastening member is to pass, wherein these eight openings H12 are aligned in a line in the first direction D1. The opening H11 is an opening of an elongated shape that continues in the first direction D1. The size of the opening H11 in the first direction D1 is in the range of, for example, 50 mm to 120 mm, and the size of the opening H11 in the width direction W is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm. The openings H12 are circular openings and are located at a certain distance from the opening H11 in the width direction W. The diameter of the openings H12 is in the range of, for example, 3 mm to 7 mm.

[0095] The extension member Y having the above-described structure can be manufactured by stamping and bending a metal plate such as, for example, a steel plate. The thickness of the metal plate, which is used to manufacture the extension main part 60, is in the range of, for example, 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0096] In the example shown in FIG. 16, the bracket X is attached to the wall surface 31 in a first orientation similar to the orientation described with reference to FIG. 8. The extension member Y is mounted on this bracket X according to the first aspect described below.

[0097] In the first aspect, the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket is located between the first extension side wall portion 61 and the second extension side wall portion 62 of the extension member Y, while the surface 60A of the extension member Y is in contact with the surface 21A (shown in FIG. 2, for example) of the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket. The extension member Y is extended while extending in the first direction D1 from the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket in the direction toward the side opposite to the first fixing portion 10. Furthermore, the extension member Y is fixed and secured to the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket by the fastening members 44 and 45 (the third fastening members), and at the same time is in contact with the surface 21A of the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket. The fastening member 44 passes through the opening H6 of the main portion 21 from the side of the surface 21B and reaches extension element Y. Fastening element 45 passes through opening H7 of main part 21 from surface 21B and reaches extension element Y. Fastening elements 44 and 45 are self-tapping screws.

[0098] Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 16, the supporting member 5 is disposed on the side of the surface 60B (opposite to the surface 60A) of the extension body 60 of the extension member Y in a position in which it extends in the vertical direction. The supporting member 5 is fixed and attached to the extension member Y by the fastening members 42 and 43 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 60B. The fastening member 42 passes through the opening H12 of the extension body 60 of the extension member Y from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5. The fastening member 43 passes through the opening H12 of the extension body 60 from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5.

[0099] The assembly structure shown in FIG. 16 can be realized, for example, by performing a first fastening operation using the fastening element 41, a first temporary connection operation using the fastening element 44 and then first adjusting the unevenness of the extension element Y, which is performed if necessary, a second fastening operation using the fastening elements 44 and 45, a second temporary connection operation using the fastening element 42 and then second adjusting the unevenness of the supporting element 5, which is performed if necessary, and a third fastening operation using the fastening element 42 and 43.

[0100] In the first fastening operation in the assembly structure shown in FIG. 16, the first fixing portion 10 is fixed to the wall surface 31. In the first temporary connection operation, the extension member Y is temporarily connected to the bracket X by means of the fastening member 44, which passes through the hole H6 of the bracket X and is shallowly screwed into the extension member Y. In the second fastening operation, the extension member Y is fixed to the bracket X. In the second temporary connection operation, the supporting member 5 is temporarily connected to the extension member Y by means of the fastening member 42, which passes through the hole H11 of the extension member Y and is shallowly screwed into the supporting member 5. In the third fastening operation, the supporting member 5 is fixed to the extension member Y.

[0101] Furthermore, in the first adjustment of the unevenness after the first temporary connection of the extension member Y with the bracket X, in particular, the position of the extension member Y temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1. In the second adjustment of the unevenness after the second temporary connection of the supporting member 5 with the extension member Y, in particular, the position of the supporting member 5 temporarily connected to the extension member Y can be adjusted relative to the extension member Y and the bracket X in the first direction D1. Thus, if necessary, by adjusting these fixing positions, it is possible to perform an adjustment of the unevenness on the supporting member 5 relative to the wall surface 31.

[0102] In the example shown in FIG. 17, the bracket X is attached to the wall surface 31 in a second orientation similar to the orientation described with reference to FIG. 11. The extension member Y is mounted on this bracket X according to the second aspect described below.

[0103] In the second aspect, the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X is located between the first extension side wall portion 61 and the second extension side wall portion 62 of the extension member Y, while the surface 60A of the extension member Y is in contact with the surface 22A (shown, for example, in FIG. 1), the first wall portion 23a and the second wall portion 24a of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X. The extension member Y is extended by being extended in the first direction D1 from the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X toward the side opposite to the first fixing portion 10. Furthermore, the extension member Y is fixed and secured to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X by fastening members 44 and 45 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 22A of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X. The fastening member 44 passes through the opening H8 of the rib-shaped portion 22 from the side opposite to surface 22A and reaches the extension element Y. The fastening element 45 passes through the opening H9 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the rib-shaped part 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reaches the extension element Y.

[0104] Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 17, the supporting member 5 is disposed on the side of the surface 60B (which is opposite to the surface 60A) of the extension body 60 of the extension body Y in a position in which it extends in the vertical direction. The supporting member 5 is fixed and attached to the extension body Y by the fastening members 42 and 43 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 60B. The fastening member 42 passes through the opening H11 of the extension body 60 of the extension body Y from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5. The fastening member 43 passes through the opening H12 of the extension body 60 from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5.

[0105] The assembly structure shown in FIG. 17 can be realized, for example, by performing a first fastening operation using the fastening member 41 (fastening the first fixing portion 10 to the wall surface 31), a temporary connection operation using the fastening member 44 and then first adjusting the unevenness of the extension member Y, which is performed if necessary, a second fastening operation using the fastening members 44 and 45, a second temporary connection operation using the fastening member 42 and then second adjusting the unevenness of the supporting member 5, which is performed if necessary, and a third fastening operation using the fastening member 42 and 43.

[0106] In the first fastening operation in the assembly structure shown in FIG. 17, the first fixing portion 10 is fixed to the wall surface 31. In the first temporary connection operation, the extension member Y is temporarily connected to the bracket X by the fastening member 44, which passes through the hole H8 of the bracket X and is shallowly screwed into the extension member Y. In the second fastening operation, the extension member is fixed to the bracket X. In the second temporary connection operation, the supporting member 5 is temporarily connected to the extension member Y by means of the fastening member 42, which passes through the hole H11 of the extension member Y and is shallowly screwed into the supporting member 5. In the third fastening operation, the supporting member 5 is fixed to the extension member Y.

[0107] Furthermore, in the first adjustment of the unevenness after the temporary connection of the extension member Y with the bracket X, in particular, the position of the extension member Y temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1. In the second adjustment of the unevenness after the temporary connection of the supporting member 5 with the extension member Y, in particular, the position of the supporting member 5 temporarily connected to the extension member Y can be adjusted relative to the extension member Y and the bracket X in the first direction D1. Thus, if necessary, by adjusting these fastening positions, it is possible to adjust the unevenness of the supporting member 5 relative to the wall surface 31.

[0108] In the example shown in FIG. 18, the bracket X is attached to the wall surface 31 in a third orientation similar to the orientation described with reference to FIG. 12. The extension member Y is mounted on this bracket X according to the third aspect described below.

[0109] In the third aspect, the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket is located between the first extension side wall portion 61 and the second extension side wall portion 62 of the extension member Y, while the surface 60A of the extension member Y is in contact with the surface 21A (shown, for example, in FIG. 2) of the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket. The extension member Y is extended while extending in the first direction D1 from the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket toward the side opposite to the first fixing portion 10. Furthermore, the extension member Y is fixed and secured to the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket by fasteners 44 and 45, and at the same time is in contact with the surface 21A of the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket. The fastener 44 passes through the hole H6 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the main portion 21 from the side of the surface 21B and reaches the extension element Y. The fastening element 45 passes through the opening H7 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the main part 21 from the side of the surface 21B and reaches the extension element Y.

[0110] Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 18, the supporting member 5 is disposed on the side of the surface 60B (opposite to the surface 60A) of the extension body 60 of the extension body Y in a position in which it extends in a horizontal direction. The supporting member 5 is fixed and attached to the extension body Y by the fastening members 42 and 43 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 60B. The fastening member 42 passes through the opening H11 of the extension body 60 of the extension body Y from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5. The fastening member 43 passes through the opening H12 of the extension body 60 from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5.

[0111] The assembly structure shown in FIG. 18 can be realized, for example, by performing a first fastening operation using the fastening member 41, a temporary connection operation using the fastening member 44 and then first adjusting the unevenness of the extension member Y, which is performed if necessary, a second fastening operation using the fastening members 44 and 45, a second temporary connection operation using the fastening member 42 and then second adjusting the unevenness of the supporting member 5, which is performed if necessary, and a third fastening operation using the fastening member 42 and 43.

[0112] In the first fastening operation for the assembly structure shown in FIG. 18, the first fixing portion 10 is fixed to the wall surface 31. In the first temporary connection operation, the extension member Y is temporarily connected to the bracket X by a fastening member 44, which passes through the hole H6 of the bracket X and is shallowly screwed into the extension member. In the second fastening operation, the extension member is fixed to the bracket X. In the second temporary connection operation, the supporting member 5 is temporarily connected to the extension member Y by a fastening member 42, which passes through the hole H7 of the extension member Y and is shallowly screwed into the supporting member 5. In the third fastening operation, the supporting member 5 is fixed to the extension member Y.

[0113] Furthermore, in the first adjustment of the unevenness after the temporary connection of the extension member Y with the bracket X, in particular, the position of the extension member Y temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1. In the second adjustment of the unevenness after the temporary connection of the supporting member 5 with the extension member Y, in particular, the position of the supporting member 5 temporarily connected to the extension member Y can be adjusted relative to the extension member Y and the bracket X in the first direction D1. Thus, if necessary, by adjusting these fixing positions, the unevenness of the supporting member 5 relative to the wall surface 31 can be adjusted.

[0114] In the example shown in FIG. 19, the bracket X is attached to the wall surface 31 in a fourth orientation similar to the orientation described with reference to FIG. 13. The extension member Y is mounted on this bracket X according to a fourth aspect described below.

[0115] In the fourth aspect, the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket is located between the first extension side wall portion 61 and the second extension side wall portion 62 of the extension member Y, while the surface 60A of the extension member Y is in contact with the surface 22A (shown, for example, in FIG. 1), the first wall portion 23a and the second wall portion 24a of the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket. The extension member Y is extended while extending in the first direction D1 from the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket toward the side opposite to the first fixing portion 10. Furthermore, the extension member Y is fixed and secured to the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket by the fastening members 44 and 45 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 22A of the second fixing portion 20 of the X bracket. The fastening member 44 passes through the hole H8 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the rib-shaped portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reaches the extension element Y. The fastening element 45 passes through the opening H9 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the rib-shaped portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reaches the extension element Y.

[0116] Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 19, the supporting member 5 is disposed on the side of the surface 60B (opposite to the surface 60A) of the extension body 60 of the extension body Y in a position in which it extends in a horizontal direction. The supporting member 5 is fixed and attached to the extension body Y by the fastening members 42 and 43 and at the same time is in contact with the surface 60B. The fastening member 42 passes through the opening H11 of the extension body 60 of the extension body Y from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5. The fastening member 43 passes through the opening H12 of the extension body 60 from the side of the surface 60A and reaches the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5.

[0117] The assembly structure shown in FIG. 19 can be realized, for example, by performing a first fastening operation using the fastening member 41, a temporary connection operation using the fastening member 44 and then first adjusting the unevenness of the extension member Y, which is performed if necessary, a second fastening operation using the fastening members 44 and 45, a second temporary connection operation using the fastening member 42 and then second adjusting the unevenness of the supporting member 5, which is performed if necessary, and a third fastening operation using the fastening member 42 and 43.

[0118] In the first fastening operation for such an assembly structure shown in FIG. 19, the first fixing portion 10 is fixed to the wall surface 31. In the first temporary connection operation, the extension member Y is temporarily connected to the bracket X with a fastening member 44, which passes through the hole H8 of the bracket X and is shallowly screwed into the extension member. In the second fastening operation, the extension member Y is fixed to the bracket X. In the second temporary connection operation, the supporting member 5 is temporarily connected to the extension member Y with a fastening member 42, which passes through the hole H11 of the extension member Y and is shallowly screwed into the supporting member 5. In the third fastening operation, the supporting member 5 is fixed to the extension member Y.

[0119] Furthermore, in the first adjustment of the unevenness after the temporary connection of the extension member Y with the bracket X, in particular, the position of the extension member Y temporarily connected to the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X can be adjusted relative to the bracket X in the first direction D1. In the second adjustment of the unevenness after the temporary connection of the supporting member 5 with the extension member Y, in particular, the position of the supporting member 5 temporarily connected to the extension member Y can be adjusted relative to the extension member Y and the bracket X in the first direction D1. Thus, if necessary, by adjusting these fixing positions, the unevenness of the supporting member 5 relative to the wall surface 31 can be adjusted.

[0120] The above-described installation of the fixing object (the supporting member 5 in the above-described example) using the bracket X and the extension member Y makes it possible to adjust the unevenness of the fixing object. In addition, the above-described bracket X and the extension member Y, which interact with each other to connect the frame structure and the fixing object, make it possible to increase their strength in the wall structure of the building and to realize a high degree of freedom with respect to the location of the fixing object.

[0121] The extension element Y, i.e. its extension main part 60, has openings H11 and H12, as described above. Such a design makes it possible to eliminate or eliminate the operation of making an opening in the extension element Y, through which the fastening element must pass when constructing the wall structure, thus ensuring simplification and efficiency of construction work.

[0122] FIGS. 20-22 show a wall structure Z1 of a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a perspective view (a perspective view with a partial cutaway) illustrating the wall structure Z1 of the building. FIG. 21 is a partial sectional view of a bracket X and the members located next to it in the wall structure Z1 of the building when viewed from the right side. FIG. 22 is a partial sectional view of a bracket X and the members located next to it in the wall structure Z1 of the building when viewed from above. In FIG. 20, a vertical ascending direction is denoted as "upper" and a vertical descending direction is denoted as "lower." Further, in FIG. 20, a horizontal left direction when viewed from the outside to the inside is denoted as "left" and a horizontal right direction is denoted as "right." Further, in the drawings other than FIG. 20, where vertical directions, horizontal directions, and outward and inward directions are indicated, the examples are given in such a way that the indicated directions correspond to the directions indicated in FIG. 20.

[0123] The wall structure of the building Z1 is obtained by attaching a plurality of external wall panels 2 to a building frame 1 (frame structure) forming a building such as a house, an enterprise or a warehouse. The building frame 1 may be a new building under construction or an existing building that is to be reconstructed from the outside. In the present embodiment, the external wall panels 2 are plank-shaped elements that have high strength and high rigidity in themselves and form an external wall of the building. The external wall panels 2 can be used in new construction or can be used for reconstruction to cover the wall surface of an existing building and improve its appearance. In addition, the external wall panels 2 are an example of plank-shaped elements according to the present invention. The plank-shaped elements according to the present invention are not limited to external wall panels, and may be, for example, decorative laminated materials that cover a building from the outside, building panels for internal use, internal cladding materials or the like.

[0124] In the present embodiment, the building frame 1 is a frame steel structure (S structure) provided with a panel material 3 that has a wall surface 31 on a surface layer on the outer side. The panel material 3 is, for example, a reinforced gypsum board. A calcium silicate board may be used as the panel material 3. Steel posts 4 are arranged on the inner side of the panel material 3. Examples of the steel post 4 include a C-shaped steel pipe and a square steel pipe. In the present embodiment, a case is shown as an example in which the steel posts 4 are C-shaped steel pipes. On the other hand, a plurality of brackets X and a plurality of supporting members 5 are arranged on the outer side of the panel material 3.

[0125] In the present embodiment, a waterproof paper 6 and a heat-insulating material 7 are arranged between the board material 3 and the supporting members 5. The waterproof paper 6 lies on the surface of the board material 3. The waterproof paper 6 can be removed depending on the state of the building structure or the like of the building frame element 1. Examples of the heat-insulating material 7 include a fibrous heat-insulating material and a foam-based heat-insulating material. Examples of the fibrous heat-insulating material include mineral wool and glass wool. Examples of the foam-based heat-insulating material include foamed polyurethane, foamed phenol, and foamed polystyrene. A portion of the heat-insulating material 7 that obstructs access to the brackets X is removed, and the heat-insulating material 7 is arranged so that the brackets X are partially exposed. The heat-insulating material 7 can be omitted depending on the state of the building structure or the like of the building frame element 1.

[0126] The heat-insulating material 7' may be provided on the inner side of the panel material 3. In the present embodiment, a case in which the heat-insulating material 7' is provided on the inner side of the panel material 3 (for example, between the steel posts 4) is shown as an example (depending on the state of the structure or the like of the building frame member 1, the heat-insulating material 7' may be omitted). Examples of the heat-insulating material 7' include the fibrous heat-insulating material and the foam-based heat-insulating material described above.

[0127] On the wall surface 31, a plurality of brackets X are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. As best shown in FIG. 22, the bracket X is arranged in a position in which it faces the steel post 4 through the panel material 3. In the present embodiment, each bracket X is fixed to the panel material 3, i.e., the wall surface 31, and the steel post 4 by fasteners 46 and 47 (both of which are first fasteners, respectively). The fasteners 46 and 47 are self-tapping screws. In particular, the surface 11 of the first fixing portion 10 of the bracket X is in contact with the wall surface 31, and the bracket X is fixed to the wall surface 31 by a fastening element 46, which passes, for example, into the opening H2 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the first fixing portion 10 from the side of the surface 12 (opposite to the surface 11) and reaches the wall surface 31, and by a fastening element 47, which passes, for example, into the opening H5 (shown, for example, in FIG. 1) of the first fixing portion 10 from the side of the surface 12 and reaches the wall surface 31.

[0128] A plurality of supporting elements 5 are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other in the horizontal direction and along the wall surface 31 in the vertical direction. Each supporting element 5 is arranged to pass through at least two brackets X. In the present embodiment, the supporting elements 5 are steel battens (vertical battens) in the form of a hollow square beam. Instead of such a structure, wooden supporting elements can also be used as supporting elements 5. In addition, each supporting element 5 includes a first connecting portion 5a, which is attached to the bracket X, and a second connecting portion 5b, which is connected to the side of the first connecting portion 5a opposite to the wall surface 31.

[0129] As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, in the present embodiment, the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are installed on the wall surface 31 in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. 11, except for the fastening members 46 and 47 used instead of the fastening member 41 for fixing the bracket X to the wall surface 31. That is, in the present embodiment, the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 is in contact with the surface 22A of the rib-shaped portion 22 of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, and also the first wall portion 23a and the second wall portion 24a, the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are fixed and fastened to each other by the fastening members 42 and 43, which pass through the rib-shaped portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reach the first connecting portion 5a.

[0130] In the assembly structure shown in FIG. 22, the bracket X is attached to the panel material 3, i.e., the wall surface 31, and the steel post 4, and the steel post 4, the bracket X, and the supporting member 5 are aligned with each other in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface 31. Such a structure is more suitable for stably supporting the outer wall panel 2 in the wall structure Z1 of the building than in the assembly structure shown in FIG. 10, for example.

[0131] Furthermore, as described with reference to FIG. 17, the extension member Y together with the bracket X can be used when installing the supporting member 5 using the bracket X in the wall structure Z1 of the building.

[0132] In at least one of the plurality of fixing positions in which the plurality of supporting members 5 are fixed to the plurality of brackets X, the bracket X and the supporting member 5 may be fixed to the wall surface 31 in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. 10, except for the fastening members 46 and 47 used instead of the fastening member 41 for fixing the bracket X to the wall surface 31. That is, in the present embodiment, the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 comes into contact with the surface 21A of the main portion 21 of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, and the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are fixed and fixed to each other by the fastening members 42 and 43 that pass through the main portion 21 from the side opposite to the surface 21A and reach the first connecting portion 5a. In this case, as described with reference to FIG. 16, the extension member Y together with the bracket X can be used when installing the supporting member 5 using the bracket X.

[0133] The external wall panels 2 are, for example, strip-shaped elements that are elongated in the horizontal direction and have a substantially rectangular shape. A ceramic material, including cement, can be used as an example of a composite material of the external wall panel 2. Instead, the external wall panels 2 can be metal strip-shaped elements, wooden strip-shaped elements or polymer strip-shaped elements. In addition, the external wall panels 2 can have, for example, external surfaces decorated similar to brick structures.

[0134] As shown in FIG. 21, for example, in the wall structure Z1 of the building, the edge portions of each outer wall panel 2 in the vertical direction have an upper tongue and groove structure 2a and a lower tongue and groove structure 2b for tongue and groove connection of the outer wall panels 2 adjacent in the vertical direction. Alternatively, the edge portions of each outer wall panel 2 in the horizontal direction may have an upper tongue and groove structure and a lower tongue and groove structure for tongue and groove connection of the outer wall panels 2 adjacent in the horizontal direction, and such outer wall panels 2 may be connected to each other in an overlapping manner in the horizontal direction. An alternative structure is also possible in which the edge portions in the horizontal direction of the outer wall panels 2 adjacent in the horizontal direction do not have an upper and lower tongue and groove structure, but are connected to each other by means of a so-called trough profile or a ceiling sheathing.

[0135] Such an external wall panel 2 can be attached to the second connecting portion 5b of the supporting member 5 by a fastening method in which self-tapping screws are used, or by using a predetermined fastening member attached to the second connecting portion 5b. In FIG. 20-22, a fastening member 48 for use in fastening is shown as an example.

[0136] In the wall structure Z1 of the building, having the above-described structure, the brackets X described above are used. Thus, according to the wall structure Z1 of the building, the brackets X included therein provide the same technical results as described in relation to the bracket X.

[0137] FIG. 23-25 show a wall structure of a building Z2 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a perspective view (a perspective view with a partial cutaway) showing the wall structure Z2 of the building. FIG. 24 is a partial sectional view of a bracket X and the members closest to it in the wall structure Z2 of the building, as viewed from the right side. FIG. 25 is a partial sectional view of a bracket X and the members closest to it in the wall structure Z2 of the building, as viewed from the upper side. The wall structure Z2 of the building differs from the above-described wall structure Z1 of the building in that the bracket X is attached to the wall surface 31 in a different orientation, the supporting member 5 attached to the bracket X is installed as a lateral supporting member, and the additional supporting member is formed as a vertical supporting member.

[0138] On the wall surface 31, a plurality of brackets X are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. As best shown in FIG. 25, the bracket X is arranged in a position in which it faces the steel post 4 through the panel material 3.

[0139] A plurality of supporting elements 5 according to the present embodiment are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other in the vertical direction and extend along the wall surface 31 in the horizontal direction. Each supporting element 5 is arranged so as to pass through at least two brackets X. In the present embodiment, the supporting elements 5 are steel battens (side battens) in the form of a hollow square material. Instead of such a structure, wooden supporting elements 5 or supporting elements with an L-shaped cross-section may also be used as the supporting elements 5. In addition, each supporting element 5 includes a first connecting portion 5a, which is attached to the bracket X, and a second connecting portion 5b, which is connected to the side of the first connecting portion 5a opposite to the wall surface 31.

[0140] As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, in the present embodiment, the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are installed on the wall surface 31 in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. 13, except for the fastening members 46 and 47 used instead of the fastening member 41 for fixing the bracket X to the wall surface 31. That is, in the present embodiment, the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 is in contact with the surface 22A of the rib-shaped portion 22 of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, as well as the first wall portion 23a and the second wall portion 24a, and the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are fixed and fastened to each other by the fastening members 42 and 43, which pass through the rib-shaped portion 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reach the first connecting portion 5a. Furthermore, as described with reference to FIG. 18, the extension member Y together with the bracket X can be used when installing the supporting member 5 using the bracket X.

[0141] In at least one of the plurality of fixing positions in which the plurality of supporting members 5 are fixed to the plurality of brackets X, the bracket X and the supporting member 5 can be mounted on the wall surface 31 in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. 12, except for the fastening members 46 and 47 used instead of the fastening member 41 for fixing the bracket X to the wall surface 31. That is, in the present embodiment, the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 is in contact with the surface 21A of the main portion 21 of the second fixing portion 20 of the bracket X, and the bracket X and the supporting member 5 are fixed to each other by the fastening members 42 and 43 that pass through the main portion 21 from the side opposite to the surface 21A and reach the first connecting portion 5a. In this case, as described with reference to FIG. 19, the extension element Y together with the bracket X can be used when installing the supporting element 5 using the bracket X.

[0142] A plurality of additional supporting elements 8 are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) and extend along the wall surface 31 in the vertical direction. Each additional supporting element 8 is arranged with a passage across at least two supporting elements 5 and is attached to the supporting elements 5, for example, with predetermined screws. In the present embodiment, the additional supporting elements 8 are elongated strip-shaped elements and have a cross-section in the shape of a hat.

[0143] In the present embodiment, such an external wall panel 2 can be attached to the additional supporting element 8 by fastening using self-tapping screws or a specified fastening element. In FIGS. 23-25, a fastening element 48 for use in fastening is shown as an example.

[0144] In the wall structure Z2 of the building, having the above-described structure, the brackets X described above are used. Thus, according to the wall structure Z2 of the building, the brackets X included therein provide the same technical results that are described with respect to the bracket X.

[0145] As described above, the wall structure Z2 of the building also includes a plurality of additional supporting elements 8, each of which extends across at least two supporting elements 5. The additional supporting elements 8 are attached to the second connecting portions 5b of these at least two supporting elements 5, and the outer wall panels 2 (strip-shaped elements) are attached to the additional supporting elements 8. Such a structure enables the case that a plurality of additional supporting elements 8 are arranged with a pitch different from the pitch with which the brackets X are arranged (the pitch in the horizontal direction in the present embodiment), and the outer wall panels 2 are attached to the additional supporting elements 8 and, thus, is suitable for more stably supporting the outer wall panels 2.

[0146] Each of the methods for constructing the above-described wall structures Z1 and Z2 of the building includes a first process, a second process and a third process as follows.

[0147] In the first process, a plurality of brackets X are fixed to the wall surface 31. In the first process, the surfaces 11 of the first fixing portions 10 of the brackets X are brought into contact with the wall surface 31 in such a way that the brackets X are fixed to the wall surface 31 by predetermined fastening elements (first fastening elements) that pass through the first fixing portion 10 from the side opposite to the surface 11 and reach the wall surface 31.

[0148] In the second process, each supporting element 5 is attached to at least two brackets X attached to the wall surface 31. The supporting element 5 includes a first connecting portion 5a, which is attached to the brackets X, and a second connecting portion 5b, which is connected to the side of the first connecting portion 5a opposite to the wall surface 31.

[0149] In the second process, in particular, the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 is brought into contact with the surfaces 12 of the main portions of the second fixing portions 20 of the brackets X, and the brackets X and the supporting member 5 are fastened to each other by predetermined fastening elements (second fastening elements) that pass through the main portions from the side opposite to the surface 12 and reach the first connecting portion 5a. Alternatively, in the second process, the first connecting portion 5a of the supporting member 5 is brought into contact with the surfaces 22A of the rib-shaped portions 22 of the second fixing portions 20 of the brackets X, as well as the first wall portions 23a and the second wall portions 24a, and the brackets X and the supporting member 5 are fastened to each other by fastening elements (second fastening elements) that pass through the rib-shaped portions 22 from the side opposite to the surface 22A and reach the first connecting portion 5a.

[0150] In the third process, the outer wall panels 2 are directly or indirectly attached to the supporting elements 5.

[0151] In this construction technology, the above-described X brackets are used. Thus, according to this construction technology, the same technical results can be realized as those described in relation to the X bracket.

[0152] The building frame 1 may have a reinforced concrete structure (RC structure) instead of a structure S (steel structure). If the building frame 1 has a reinforced concrete structure, the wall surface 31 of the frame structure is made of cement mortar, and brackets X are attached to such wall surface 31 with anchor bolts, which serve as fasteners.

LIST OF ELEMENTS

[0153]

X - Bracket

D1 - First direction

D2 - Second direction

W - Width direction

10 - First fixing part

20 - Second fixing part

11 - Surface (first surface)

12 - Surface

13 - Third side wall part

14 - Fourth lateral wall part

21 - Main part

21A - Surface (second surface)

21B - Surface

22 - Ribbed part

22A - Surface (third surface)

23 - First side wall part

23a - First wall part

23b - First high wall part

24 - Second side wall part

24a - Second wall part

24b - Second high wall part

L - Baseline

H1-H12 - Hole

Y - Extension element

60 - Extension main part

60A - Surface (fourth surface)

60B - Surface (fifth surface)

61 - First extension side wall part

62 - Second extension side wall part

Zl, Z2 - Wall structure of the building

1 - Building frame

2 - External wall panel

5 - First supporting element

8 - Second supporting element

5a - First connecting part

5b - Second connecting part

41, 46, 47 - Fastener (first fastener)

42, 43 - Fastener (second fastener)

44, 45 - Fastening element (third fastening element).

Claims (76)

1. A construction bracket containing: a first fixing portion that includes a first surface for coming into contact with the building frame; and a second fixing portion that extends from the end of the first fixing portion to the side opposite the first surface so as to intersect the first fixing portion, wherein the second fixing part includes: a main part that includes a second surface for coming into contact with a structural element; a rib-shaped portion that projects from the main portion toward the side opposite the second surface and includes a third surface located at the projecting end of the rib-shaped portion for coming into contact with the structural element; a first side wall portion that projects from the end of the main portion in a width direction that intersects with the direction in which the second fixing portion extends, toward the same side toward which the rib portion projects, wherein the first side wall portion includes a first wall portion for coming into contact with the structural element, arranged parallel to the rib portion in the width direction; and a second side wall portion that projects from the other end of the main portion in the width direction of the main portion to the same side to which the rib portion projects, wherein the second side wall portion includes a second wall portion for coming into contact with the structural element, arranged parallel to the rib portion in the width direction. 2. The construction bracket according to item 1, in which the heights of the projection of the third surface, the first wall portion and the second wall portion from the main portion are equal to each other. 3. A construction bracket according to item 1 or 2, wherein the first fixing portion includes: a third side wall portion that projects from an end of the first fixing portion in the width direction toward the same side toward which the second fixing portion projects; and a fourth side wall portion that projects from the other end of the first fixing portion in the width direction toward the same side toward which the second fixing portion projects, and wherein the first side wall portion and the third side wall portion are connected to each other, and the second side wall portion and the fourth side wall portion are connected to each other. 4. A construction bracket according to any of paragraphs 1-3, wherein the first side wall portion includes a first high wall portion that is higher than the first wall portion and is located closer to the first fixing portion than the first wall portion, and the second side wall portion includes a second high wall portion that is higher than the second wall portion and is located closer to the first fixing portion than the second wall portion. 5. A construction bracket according to any of paragraphs 1-4, in which the main part has at least one hole through which the fastening element must pass. 6. A construction bracket according to any of paragraphs 1-5, in which the ribbed portion has at least one opening through which the fastening element must pass. 7. A construction bracket according to item 5 or 6, wherein the opening includes an opening of elongated shape that continues in the direction in which the second fixing portion extends. 8. A construction bracket according to any of paragraphs 1-7, wherein the first fixing portion has at least one opening through which the fastening element must pass. 9. The construction bracket according to item 8, wherein the opening includes a first opening and at least one second opening which is located in a region surrounding the first opening and which is smaller than the first opening. 10. A construction bracket according to any of paragraphs 1-9, wherein the surface of the first fixing portion, which is opposite to the first surface, has a base line for use in positioning. 11. A wall structure of a building, containing: the frame of a building that includes the wall surface; a multitude of construction brackets placed on the wall surface; a plurality of supporting elements, each of which is arranged so as to pass through at least two building brackets; a plurality of first fasteners; a plurality of second fasteners and a plurality of plank-like elements for covering the wall surface, wherein each of the construction brackets is a construction bracket according to any one of paragraphs 1-10, wherein the first surfaces of the first fixing parts of the construction brackets are in contact with the wall surface, wherein the construction brackets and the wall surface are attached to each other by first fastening elements that pass through the first fixing parts from the side opposite to said first surfaces and reach the wall surface, wherein each of the supporting elements includes a first connecting part that is attached to the building brackets, and a second connecting part that is connected to the side of the first connecting part that is opposite the wall surface, and in at least one of a plurality of fixing positions in which a plurality of supporting elements are attached to a plurality of building brackets, the first connecting part of the supporting element is in contact with the second surfaces of the main parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, and the building brackets and the supporting element are attached to each other by second fastening elements that pass through the main parts from the side opposite to the second surfaces and reach the first connecting part, or the first connecting part of the supporting element is in contact with the third surfaces of the ribbed parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, wherein the first wall parts and the second wall parts, as well as the building brackets and the supporting element are attached to each other by second fastening elements that pass through the ribbed parts from the side opposite the third surfaces and reach the first connecting part, and wherein the plank-shaped elements are directly or indirectly attached to the second connecting parts of the supporting elements. 12. A wall structure of a building, containing: the frame of a building that includes the wall surface; a multitude of construction brackets placed on the wall surface; a plurality of supporting elements, each of which is arranged so as to pass through at least two building brackets; a plurality of first fasteners; a plurality of second fasteners and a plurality of plank-like elements for covering the wall surface, wherein each of the construction brackets is a construction bracket according to any one of paragraphs 1-10, wherein the first surfaces of the first fixing parts of the construction brackets are in contact with the wall surface, wherein the construction brackets and the wall surface are attached to each other by first fastening elements that pass through the first fixing parts from the side opposite to said first surfaces and reach the wall surface, wherein each of the supporting elements includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, and in at least one of a plurality of fixing positions in which a plurality of supporting elements are attached to a plurality of building brackets, wherein the wall structure of the building additionally contains: extension element and third fastening element, wherein the extension element includes: an extension main part that includes a fourth surface for coming into contact with a second surface or a third surface of the main part of the construction bracket, and a fifth surface for coming into contact with a structural element located opposite the fourth surface, wherein said extension main part extends along the second fixing part; a first extension side wall portion that projects from the end of the extension main portion in a width direction that intersects with the extension direction in which the extension main portion extends, toward a side of the fourth surface in a thickness direction of the extension main portion; and a second extension side wall portion that projects from the other end of the extension main portion in a width direction that intersects with the extension direction of the extension main portion, toward the same side toward which the first extension side wall portion projects, wherein the second fixing portion of the construction bracket is adapted between the first extension side wall portion and the second extension side wall portion of the extension element, and the extension element further extends to the side opposite the first fixing portion relative to the second fixing portion of the construction bracket in the extension direction, and in the fixing position in which the supporting element is attached to the building bracket, the fourth surface of the extension element is in contact with the second surface of the main part of the second fixing part of the building bracket, wherein the building bracket and the supporting element are fixed to each other by a third fastening element that passes through the main part from the side opposite the second surface and reaches the extension main part, wherein the first connecting part of the supporting element is in contact with the fifth surface of the extension element, and the extension element and the supporting element are fixed to each other by a second fastening element that passes through the extension element from the side of the fourth surface and reaches the first connecting part, or the fourth surface of the extension element is in contact with the third surface of the ribbed portion of the second fixing portion of the building bracket, wherein the building bracket and the extension element are attached to each other by a third fastening element that passes through the ribbed portion from the side opposite the third surface and reaches the extension main part, wherein the first connecting portion of the supporting element is in contact with the fifth surface of the extension element, and the extension element and the supporting element are attached to each other by a second fastening element that passes through the extension element from the side of the fourth surface and reaches the first connecting portion. 13. The wall structure of the building according to clause 12, wherein the extension main part includes: at least one opening of an elongated shape through which a fastening element is to pass and which continues in the direction of extension of the extension main part; and at least one opening through which a fastening element is to pass and which is located at a certain distance from said opening of an elongated shape in the width direction. 14. A wall structure of a building according to any of paragraphs 11-13, additionally containing a plurality of additional supporting elements, each of which is arranged so that it passes through at least two supporting elements, wherein each of the additional supporting elements is attached to the second connecting parts of the said at least two supporting elements, and The plank-like elements are attached to the said additional supporting elements. 15. A method of construction using a plank-shaped element for attaching a plank-shaped element to a building frame containing a wall surface, comprising: the first process of fixing a plurality of building brackets to the wall surface; a second process of attaching the supporting member to at least two of the building brackets attached to the wall surface; and the third process of directly or indirectly attaching a strip-like element to a supporting element, wherein each of the construction brackets is a construction bracket according to any one of paragraphs 1-10, wherein in the first process the first surfaces of the first fixing parts of the building brackets are brought into contact with the wall surface, and the building brackets and the wall surface are fastened to each other by first fastening elements that pass through the first fixing parts from the side opposite the first surfaces and reach the wall surface, the supporting element includes a first connecting portion that is attached to the building brackets and a second connecting portion that is connected to the side of the first connecting portion opposite the wall surface, and in the second process, the first connecting part of the supporting element is brought into contact with the second surfaces of the main parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, and the building brackets and the supporting element are attached to each other with second fastening elements that pass through the main parts from the side opposite to the second surfaces and reach the first connecting part, or the first connecting part of the supporting element is brought into contact with the third surfaces of the ribbed parts of the second fixing parts of the building brackets, wherein the first wall parts and the second wall parts, as well as the building brackets and the supporting element are attached to each other by second fastening elements that pass through the ribbed parts from the side opposite the third surfaces and reach the first connecting part.