RU2814694C1 - Structural and thermal insulating building material containing lignin - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of building materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for the production of structural thermal insulating concrete for residential and civil construction. The structural and thermal insulation building material is obtained from a composition including, wt.%: a suspension of insoluble tripolite residue from the Sukholozhskoe deposit of the Sverdlovsk region in a solution of liquid glass 51-59, sodium fluorosilicone 7-9, lignin from the Tavdinsky Pulp and Paper Mill of the Sverdlovsk region 34-40. In this case, the suspension was obtained by mixing tripolite from the above deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m²/g, with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water at their weight ratio of 1: 1.34: 3.1, respectively, held at 95°C for 4 hours and cooled.

EFFECT: expansion of the range of building materials, utilization of lignin.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used for the production of structural thermal insulating concrete for residential and civil construction.

There is a known composition for the manufacture of thermal insulation and decorative ceiling panels, containing wood fiber dried to a moisture content of 8-10%, liquid glass, sodium fluoride, crushed and boiled for 15-45 minutes in water and dried to a moisture content of 8-10% coniferous tree cones rocks at a certain ratio of components, wt.% [RU 2327665 C1, IPC S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 18/24 (2006.01), publ. 2007].

The disadvantage of the known composition is the need to collect the cones manually.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of thermal insulation and structural material includes liquid sodium glass from microsilica with a silicate module of 2÷3 and a density of 1.2÷1.5 g/cm ³ , the silica component is microsilica, the hardener is sodium silicofluoride and fly ash from combustion of dewatered sludge from industrial waste treatment facilities of the Ust-Ilimsk forestry complex in fluidized bed furnaces as an additive at a certain ratio of components, wt.% [RU 2317961 C1, MPK S04V 28/26 (2006.01), publ. 2008].

The disadvantage of this composition is the increased average density of the thermal insulation and structural material (800-900 kg/m ³ ).

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of non-firing thermal insulation material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhsky deposit of the Sverdlovsk region, including a binder - a suspension obtained by mixing tripoli, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, a 40% solution of caustic soda and water in a weight ratio of 1:1 ,34:3.10, held at 95°C for 4 hours and cooled, sodium fluorosilicone, foaming agent and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%: the specified suspension - 70.0-76.0, sodium fluoride - 5, 4-6.2, foaming agent PB-2000 - 0.38-0.42, water rest [RU 2561437 C1, MPK S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 38/10 (2006.01), S04V 111/40 (2006.01) , publ. 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is the low strength characteristics of the material.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of a composite material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region and chopped straw, including sodium fluoride, chopped straw, microsilica and a suspension obtained by mixing tripol from the Sukholozhskoye deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, with a 40% caustic solution sodium and water at their weight ratio of 1:1.34:3.1, respectively, holding at 95 °C for 4 hours and cooling, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: sodium silicofluoride 7-9, chopped straw 20-24 , microsilica 8-10, specified suspension 57-65 [RU 2553743 C1, IPC S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 18/24 (2006.01), publ. 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is the need to grind plant residues of cereal crops (straw) to a size of 30-70 mm.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of a composite material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region and chopped straw, including sodium fluoride, chopped straw, a suspension obtained by mixing tripol from the Sukholozhskoye deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water at their weight ratio of 1:1.34:3.1, respectively, holding at 95 ° C for 4 hours and cooling, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: the specified suspension 57-65, sodium fluoride 7-9, chopped straw 28-34 [RU 2555985 C1, IPC S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 18/26 (2006.01), publ. 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is the need to grind plant residues of cereal crops (straw) to a size of 30-70 mm.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of a composite material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region and peat from the Gusevskoye deposit in the Tyumen region, including sodium silicofluoride, microsilica, peat from the Gusevskoye deposit and a suspension obtained by mixing tripol from the Sukholozhskoye deposit ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g with 40% - solution of caustic soda and water at their weight ratio of 1:1.34:3.10, respectively, holding at 95°C for 4 hours and cooling, with the following component ratio, wt.%: sodium silicofluoride 7-9, microsilica 7-10, specified peat 26-29, specified suspension 52-60 [RU 2553735 C1, IPC S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 16/02 (2006.01), publ. 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is that it is possible to use only high-moor peat with a moisture content of 5-7%.

Patent No. 2553746 “Composite material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region and peat from the Gusevskoye deposit in the Tyumen region” was taken as a prototype. A composite material obtained from a mixture including sodium silicofluoride, peat from the Gusevskoe deposit and a suspension obtained by mixing tripoli from the Sukholozhskoe deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water at a weight ratio of 1: 1.34 :3.10, respectively, by holding at 95°C for 4 hours and cooling, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: sodium silicofluoride 7-9, specified peat 33-39, specified suspension 52-60.

The disadvantage of this composition is that it is possible to use only high-moor peat with a moisture content of 5-7%.

The problem to be solved by the proposed technical solution is to reduce the cost of production of wall material, utilize lignin and expand the range of building materials.

When implementing the proposed technical solution, the stated problem is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in the possibility of obtaining wall materials through the use of local raw materials and industrial waste (recycled raw materials).

The specified technical result is achieved by introducing lignin from the Tavda pulp and paper mill as a filler into the composition of the structural and thermal insulation building material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhsky deposit of the Sverdlovsk region, including sodium fluorosilicone, as a filler in the following ratio of components, wt.%: suspension of insoluble tripoli residue in liquid glass solution – 51-59, sodium fluoride – 7-9, lignin – 34-40.

The binder used is a suspension obtained by hydrothermal leaching of tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region with an alkali solution at 95°C.

Tripel of the Sukhologa deposit of the Sverdlovsk region contains amorphous SiO ₂ 61.0 wt.% and has the following chemical composition, wt.%: SiO _{2 total.} 76.76; CaO 0.70; Al ₂ O ₃ 7.74; MgO 1.17; Fe ₂ O ₃ 4.75; FeO 0.99; MnO 1.17; TiO ₂ 0.30; Na ₂ O+K ₂ O 0.98; SO ₃ 0.15. Alkali solution is a forty percent solution of technical caustic soda according to GOST 2263-79.

Lignin with a bulk density of 610 kg/m ³ is used as a filler.

The preparation of the binder is carried out as follows: thoroughly mix tripoli ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, an alkali solution and water in a weight ratio of 1: 1.34: 3.10, respectively, and then keep in a closed vessel for four hours at 95 ° WITH. The liquid phase of the resulting suspension is represented by a solution of liquid glass with the following indicators: SiO ₂ concentration 160 g/l, silicate module 1.37, density 1200 kg/m ³ .

The product cooled to room temperature is mixed with sodium fluoride and lignin in the following proportions, wt.%:

- suspension of the insoluble residue of tripoli from the Sukholozhskoe deposit of the Sverdlovsk region in a solution of liquid glass – 51-59;

- sodium fluoride silico – 7-9;

- lignin from the Tavdinsky pulp and paper mill in the Sverdlovsk region – 34-40.

Products are molded from the resulting mass, followed by exposure in molds for 4 hours. The resulting structural and thermal insulation building material is used as a wall material. The quantitative ratio of components and physical and mechanical characteristics of the proposed material are shown in Table 1.

A comparison of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the structural and thermal insulation building material and the prototype is made in Table 2.

Table 1 – Content of components and physical and mechanical characteristics of structural and thermal insulation

building material

Property no. Component content, wt.%: Physical and mechanical characteristics Suspension Sodium silicofluoride Lignin Average density, kg/m ³ Compressive strength, MPa Bending strength, MPa Water absorption by mass,% Thermal conductivity, W/(m*°K) Frost resistance, no less, cycles 1 51 9 40 650 4.6 3.0 40 0.132 15 2 55 8 37 700 5.0 3.5 35 0.138 15 3 59 7 34 750 6.0 4.0 31 0.140 15

Table 2 – Physical and mechanical characteristics of structural and thermal insulation building material

and prototype.

Indicators Composite building material Prototype Average density, kg/m ³ 650 700 750 650 700 750 Compressive strength, MPa 4.6 5.0 6.0 5.0 5.6 6.6 Bending strength, MPa 3.0 3.5 4.0 3.1 3.6 4.2 Water absorption,% 40 35 31 38 32 25 Thermal conductivity, W/(m⋅K) 0.132 0.138 0.14 0.132 0.138 0.14 Frost resistance, no less, cycles 15 15 15 15 15 15

Claims (2)

Structural and thermal insulating building material obtained from a composition that includes a suspension of the insoluble residue of tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region in a solution of liquid glass, obtained by mixing tripol from the Sukholozhskoye deposit ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water with their weight ratio of 1:1.34:3.1, respectively, held at 95°C for 4 hours and cooled, sodium silicofluoride and a filler, characterized in that the composition as a filler contains lignin from the Tavdinsky pulp and paper mill of the Sverdlovsk region at the following ratio of components, wt.%: suspension of insoluble residue of tripoli from the Sukholozhskoe deposit Sverdlovsk region in liquid glass solution 51-59 sodium fluoride 7-9 lignin of Tavdinsky pulp and paper plant of the Sverdlovsk region 34-40