RU2814687C1 - Raw mixture for production of composite building material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of building materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for the production of structural thermal insulating concrete for residential and civil construction. The raw mixture for the manufacture of composite building material contains, wt.%: a suspension of insoluble residue of tripolite from the Sukholozhskoe deposit of the Sverdlovsk region in a solution of liquid glass 52-60, sodium silicofluoride 7-9, microsilica produced by Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Plant, JSC 7-10, lignin of Tavdinsky Pulp and Paper Mill of the Sverdlovsk region 26-29. In this case, the suspension is obtained by mixing tripolite from the above deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m²/g, with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water at their weight ratio of 1: 1.34: 3.1, respectively, held at 95°C for 4 hours and cooled.

EFFECT: increasing the strength of building materials in compression and bending, recycling industrial waste.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used for the production of structural thermal insulating concrete for residential and civil construction.

There is a known composition for the manufacture of thermal insulation and decorative ceiling panels, containing wood fiber dried to a moisture content of 8-10%, liquid glass, sodium fluoride, crushed and boiled for 15-45 minutes in water and dried to a moisture content of 8-10% conifer cones rocks at a certain ratio of components, wt.% [RU 2327665 C1, IPC S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 18/24 (2006.01), publ. 2007].

The disadvantage of the known composition is the need to collect the cones manually.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of thermal insulation and structural material includes liquid sodium glass from microsilica with a silicate module of 2÷3 and a density of 1.2÷1.5 g/cm ³ , the silica component is microsilica, the hardener is sodium silicofluoride and fly ash from combustion of dewatered sludge from industrial waste treatment facilities of the Ust-Ilimsk forestry complex in fluidized bed furnaces as an additive at a certain ratio of components, wt.% [RU 2317961 C1, MPK S04V 28/26 (2006.01), publ. 2008].

The disadvantage of this composition is the increased average density of the thermal insulation and structural material (800-900 kg/m ³ ).

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of non-firing thermal insulation material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhsky deposit of the Sverdlovsk region, including a binder - a suspension obtained by mixing tripoli, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, a 40% solution of caustic soda and water in a weight ratio of 1:1 ,34:3.10, held at 95°C for 4 hours and cooled, sodium fluorosilicone, foaming agent and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%: the specified suspension - 70.0-76.0, sodium fluoride - 5, 4-6.2, foaming agent PB-2000 - 0.38-0.42, water - the rest [RU 2561437 C1, MPK S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 38/10 (2006.01), S04V 111/40 (2006.01 ), publ. 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is the low strength characteristics of the material.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of a composite material based on opal rocks, including sodium silicofluoride, woodworking waste, a suspension obtained by mixing ground tripoli from the Sukholozhsky deposit of the Sverdlovsk region, a 40% solution of caustic soda and water in a weight ratio of 1:1.34:3, 10, respectively, with exposure for four hours at 95°C followed by cooling, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: the specified suspension 47-53, sodium fluoride 5-7, wood waste 42-46 [RU 2547534 C2, IPC C04B 28/26 (2006.01), С04В 18/26 (2006.01), publ. 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is the increased average density of the composite material (800 kg/m ³ ).

There is a known raw material mixture for the manufacture of a composite material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhsky deposit of the Sverdlovsk region, including binder and woodworking waste, where the mixture contains as a binder a suspension obtained by mixing tripoli, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water in a weight ratio of 1:1.34:3.10, held at 95°C for 4 hours and cooled, as woodworking waste - wood chips and additionally sodium fluoride and microsilica in the following ratio of components, wt.%: the specified suspension 47-55, sodium silicofluoride 4-6, microsilica 8-10, wood chips 33-37 [RU 2561438 C1, MPK S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 18/26 (2006.01), S04V 16/02 (2006.01), publ . 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is that the wood chips should have a length of no more than 60 mm and a thickness of no more than 30 mm.

A known raw material mixture for the manufacture of a composite material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region and chopped straw, including sodium fluoride, chopped straw, microsilica and a suspension obtained by mixing tripol from the Sukholozhskoye deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, with a 40% caustic solution sodium and water at their weight ratio of 1:1.34:3.1, respectively, holding at 95°C for 4 hours and cooling, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: sodium silicofluoride 7-9, chopped straw 20-24 , microsilica 8-10, specified suspension 57-65 [RU 2553743 C1, IPC S04V 28/26 (2006.01), S04V 18/24 (2006.01), publ. 2015].

The disadvantage of this composition is the need to grind plant residues of cereal crops (straw) to a size of 30-70 mm.

Patent No. 2553735 “Composite material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region and peat from the Gusevskoye deposit in the Tyumen region” was taken as a prototype. A composite material obtained from a mixture including sodium silicofluoride, microsilica, peat from the Gusevskoye deposit and a suspension obtained by mixing tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water at a weight ratio of 1:1 ,34:3.10, respectively, by holding at 95°C for 4 hours and cooling, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: sodium silicofluoride 7-9, microsilica 7-10, specified peat 26-29, specified suspension 52- 60.

The disadvantage of this composition is the low strength characteristics of the material.

The problem to be solved by the proposed technical solution is to reduce the cost of production of wall material, utilize lignin, microsilica and expand the range of building materials.

When implementing the proposed technical solution, the stated problem is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in the possibility of obtaining wall materials with higher strength characteristics through the use of local raw materials and industrial waste (recycled raw materials).

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the raw material mixture for the manufacture of composite building material based on tripoli from the Sukholozhsky deposit of the Sverdlovsk region, including sodium fluorosilicone, has the peculiarity that it additionally contains lignin from the Tavdinsky pulp and paper mill and microsilica produced by Chelyabinsk JSC as fillers electrometallurgical plant" with the following ratio of components, wt.%: suspension of insoluble tripoli residue in liquid glass solution - 52-60, sodium fluorosilicone - 7-9, microsilica - 7-10 lignin - 26-29.

The binder used is a suspension obtained by hydrothermal leaching of tripoli from the Sukholozhskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region with an alkali solution at 95°C.

Tripel of the Sukhologa deposit of the Sverdlovsk region contains amorphous SiO ₂ 61.0 wt.% and has the following chemical composition, wt.%: SiO _{2 total.} 76.76; CaO 0.70; Al ₂ O ₃ 7.74; MgO 1.17; Fe ₂ O ₃ 4.75; FeO 0.99; MnO 1.17; TiO ₂ 0.30; Na ₂ O+K ₂ O 0.98; SO ₃ 0.15. Alkali solution is a forty percent solution of technical caustic soda according to GOST 2263-79.

Lignin with a bulk density of 610 kg/m ³ and microsilica with a bulk density of 200 kg/m ³ are used as fillers.

Chemical composition of microsilica, wt.%: SiO ₂ 90-92; Al ₂ O ₃ 0.6-0.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ 0.4-0.7; CaO 0.4-0.9; MgO 0.8-1.0; Na ₂ O 0.6-0.8; K ₂ O 1.2-1.4; C 0.9-1.2; S 0.2-0.3. Fractional composition of microsilica, wt.%: <2.0 µm 90.07; 2-2.36 µm 1.01; 2.36-3.4 µm 0.86; 3.4-5.4 µm 1.37; 5.4-8.3 µm 1.41; 8.3-15.3 µm 2.66; 15.3-20.0 µm 1.0; 20.0-46.3 microns 1.06.

The introduction of lignin together with microsilica into the mixture helps to improve the mechanical characteristics of the composite building material due to their low bulk densities.

The preparation of the binder is carried out as follows: thoroughly mix tripoli ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, an alkali solution and water in a weight ratio of 1: 1.34: 3.10, respectively, and then keep in a closed vessel for four hours at 95 ° WITH. The liquid phase of the resulting suspension is represented by a solution of liquid glass with the following indicators: SiO ₂ concentration 160 g/l, silicate module 1.37, density 1200 kg/m ³ .

The product cooled to room temperature is mixed with sodium fluoride, lignin and microsilica in the following proportions (wt.%):

- suspension of the insoluble residue of tripoli from the Sukholozhskoe deposit of the Sverdlovsk region in a solution of liquid glass – 52-60;

- sodium fluoride silico – 7-9;

- microsilica produced by Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Plant JSC – 7-10;

- lignin from the Tavdinsky pulp and paper mill, Sverdlovsk region – 26-29.

Products are molded from the resulting mass, followed by exposure in molds for 4 hours. The resulting composite building material is used as a wall material. The quantitative ratio of components in the mixture and the physical and mechanical characteristics of the proposed material are shown in Table 1.

A comparison of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite building material and the prototype is made in Table 2.

Table 1 – Content of components and physical and mechanical characteristics of composite building material

Property no. Component content, wt.%: Physical and mechanical characteristics Suspension Sodium silicofluoride Microsilica Lignin Average density, kg/ ^m3 Compressive strength, MPa Bending strength, MPa Water absorption by mass,% Thermal conductivity, W/(m*°K) Frost resistance, no less, cycles 1 52 9 10 29 650 5.5 3.8 35 0.132 25 2 56 8 9 27 700 7.2 4.6 28 0.142 25 3 60 7 7 26 750 6.7 4.3 thirty 0.140 25

Table 2 - Physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite building material and prototype.

Indicators Composite building material Prototype Average density, kg/ ^m3 650 700 750 650 700 750 Compressive strength, MPa 5.5 7.2 6.7 5.0 6.8 6.6 Bending strength, MPa 3.8 4.6 4.3 3.1 4.5 4.2

Claims (2)

A raw material mixture for the manufacture of composite building material, which includes a suspension of the insoluble residue of tripolite from the Sukholozhskoye deposit, Sverdlovsk region, in a solution of liquid glass, obtained by mixing tripol from the Sukholozhskoye deposit, ground to a specific surface of 2000 m ² /g, with a 40% solution of caustic soda and water at their weight ratio is 1:1.34:3.1, respectively, held at 95°C for 4 hours and cooled, sodium silicofluoride, filler - microsilica, characterized in that they use microsilica produced by JSC "Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Plant", and a mixture additionally contains lignin from the Tavdinsky pulp and paper mill in the Sverdlovsk region as a filler in the following ratio of components, wt.%: suspension of insoluble tripoli residue Sukholozhskoye field Sverdlovsk region in liquid glass solution 52-60 sodium fluoride 7-9 microsilica produced by JSC Chelyabinsk electrometallurgical plant" 7-10 lignin of Tavdinsky pulp and paper plant of the Sverdlovsk region 26-29