RU2779779C1 - Seat of the vehicle and the method for ensuring the safety requirements of the passenger of the vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for ensuring the passive safety of passenger vehicles. The vehicle seat contains a seat base made of brackets, crossbars, linings and amplifiers, a seat cushion mounted on the seat base, a backrest attached to the base. At the same time, the brackets on the side of the front ends have cutouts that weaken the brackets and create a tension concentrator, in the area of which an inflection line is formed. In this case, the first part of the bracket, to which the backrest is attached, rotates in relation to the second part of the bracket, by which the bracket is attached to the structures of the car or the seat stand.

EFFECT: simplifying the design of the vehicle seat and the manufacture of a cutout on the bracket while ensuring the required level of safety of the seat user.

7 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for ensuring the passive safety of vehicle passengers.

A known safety system for a user with a vehicle seat (RF patent No. 2343257, publ. 10.01.2009) includes a control mechanism for limited movement of the seat in the direction of inertia forces along the guide slide with fixation in the initial and final positions.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the increased complexity of the design, providing the required level of safety for the user of the seat.

A vehicle seat and a method for ensuring the safety of a vehicle seat user are known (RF patent No. 2745892, publ. 04/02/2021), in which the vehicle seat contains a seat cushion, a seat back and a seat base, consisting of brackets, cross members, pads and amplifiers, with In this case, the base bracket is divided into two parts by a recess ending in a Z-shaped notch that does not reach the upper edge of the base bracket for a certain distance, thus forming a jumper that can collapse when a certain bending load is applied to the bracket.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity of the figured Z-shaped cutout on the bracket, dividing the bracket into two parts.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is the problem of creating a technical solution that provides the required level of safety for the seat user and at the same time allows to simplify the design of the vehicle seat and simplify the manufacture of a cutout on the base bracket.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the vehicle seat base bracket is used in the seat structure, which has a cutout on the side of the cutout on the side of the front end of the bracket in the direction of travel, weakening the bracket design, while the required level of safety for passengers is achieved by a set of measures in accordance with the proposed way.

The technical results consist in simplifying the design of the vehicle seat, simplifying the manufacture of a cutout on the bracket while providing the required level of safety for the seat user, and in creating a method that allows designing and manufacturing seats that provide. the required level of safety for passengers by changing at least one parameter from the set of measures in accordance with the proposed method.

Further in the description one of the possible, but not the only, implementation of the proposed technical solution is presented.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a vehicle seat, general view.

In FIG. 2 shows a vehicle seat frame without base rails.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

1 - back;

2 - holes;

3 - bracket shelf;

4 - bracket;

5 - cutout;

6 - jumper;

7 - end of the bracket;

8 - pillow;

9 - back frame;

10 - bracket shelf;

11 - bend line;

12 - jumper;

13 - end of the bracket;

14 - cutout;

15 - bracket.

In FIG. 1 shows a vehicle seat, general view.

The vehicle seat consists of a seat back 1, a seat cushion 8 and a seat base, part of which is the bracket 4. At the same time, the bracket 4 has a shelf of the bracket 3 through which the seat interacts with the mating surface, for example, the seat pedestal, or the car body, or other parts, installed on the body of the car. The backrest 1 of the seat is attached to the base, for example, by fasteners through holes 2, by welding, etc. In the bracket 4 on the side of the front end of the bracket 7 in the direction of travel of the car, a groove 5 is made to a certain depth, while there is a jumper connecting the sides of the groove and thus which does not allow the bracket 4 to deform until a certain load on the bracket 4 is reached.

Figure 2 shows the frame of the seat of the vehicle without base crossbars.

The vehicle seat frame consists of a base frame and a back frame 9 attached to it. The base frame consists of brackets 4, 15, interconnected by crossbars (not shown in the drawing). Brackets 4 and 15 are spatially bent products, which have at least one predominantly horizontal and one predominantly vertical shelves. It should be noted that the brackets 4 and 15 may have some deviation of the shelves from the horizontal and vertical, which does not affect the achievement of the claimed technical result. Brackets 4 and 15 have bracket shelves 3 and 10, with which the seat interacts with the mating surface, for example, the seat pedestal, or the car body, or other parts installed on the car body.

Brackets 4 and 15 on the side of the front ends of the brackets 7 and 13 in the direction of travel of the car have cutouts 5 and 14, made to a certain depth, weakening the brackets 4, 15, and creating a stress concentrator, in the area of which, with a certain impact on the back 1 of the seat, a line is formed inflection 11. To prevent uncontrolled deformation of the brackets 4 and 15 in the front of the brackets 4, 15 there are jumpers 6 and 12, respectively, connecting the sides of the cutouts 5 and 14.

It is possible to manufacture the seat according to the claimed technical solution, in which there are no jumpers 6 and 12, but then the thickness of the metal of the brackets 4 and 15 is increased so that their deformation and bending along the bend line 11 occurs when the calculated load on the back structure is reached. A similar effect can be achieved not by increasing the thickness of brackets 4 and 15, but by using steel of a different grade, which has increased bending stability.

Grooves 14 and 5 can be made in the form of simple geometric shapes, for example, a rectangle, a trapezoid, or have curved sides, but they are made taking into account the estimated width of the groove T and the depth of the groove S, and also not have deep narrow cutouts, for example, Z-shaped cutouts. Grooves 3 and 10 are located on the shelves, located mainly vertically, but can also capture the shelf, located mainly horizontally.

The device works as follows: when the vehicle hits an obstacle, due to the influence of inertia forces, the passenger located at the back hits the back of the backrest 1, thus causing a bending load on the brackets 4 and 15. When the bending load reaches the calculated value, the brackets 4 and 15 are deformed in such a way that the upper edges of the grooves 5 and 14 rotate relative to the bend line 11 until they stop either in the horizontal shelves 3, 10, or in the mating surface, which leads to a partial absorption of the impact energy and reduces the negative impact of this energy on the passenger.

The execution of brackets 4 and 15 with cutouts, for example, in the form of simple geometric shapes, such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, but not without deep narrow figured cutouts, for example, Z-shaped cutouts, allows to achieve a technical result, which consists in simplifying the design of the vehicle seat means and simplifying the manufacture of a cutout on the bracket while ensuring the required level of safety for the seat user, the presence of a jumper provides an additional opportunity to regulate the level of the maximum load on the back of the seat, at which there is no deformation of the brackets 4 and 15.

Known requirements for the seats of the vehicle, stating that the design of the seat must ensure the rotation of the rear seat back at a certain angle when hitting the back of the seat from behind. This requirement, when a vehicle hits an obstacle, reduces the risk of injury to a passenger sitting in the back against the front seat of the car.

A method for ensuring the safety requirements of a vehicle passenger, characterized by the execution of the seat base in such a way that on the side surface of the brackets 4 and 15 there are cutouts 5 and 14 made to a certain depth, weakening the brackets 4, 15, and creating a stress concentrator, in the area of which, under a certain impact an inflection line 11 is formed on the back 1 of the seat, in which the brackets 4 and 5 are deformed and the impact energy is partially damped, which means that in order to comply with the requirements that ensure the safety of a vehicle passenger when the vehicle hits an obstacle, it is proposed to use a set of measures that ensure partial absorption of shock energy transmitted to the passenger of the vehicle when it hits an obstacle, namely:

1. changing the width of the groove T to increase or decrease the calculated deflection of the back 1.

2. changing the depth of the groove S to increase or decrease the calculated force on the back 1.

3. change in the thickness of the metal from which the brackets 4 and 15 are made, with the dimensions of the cutouts 5 and 14 unchanged, to increase or decrease the calculated shock load that the seat can withstand without deformation.

4. change in the brand of metal from which brackets 4 and 15 are made to control the magnitude of the calculated shock load that the seat can withstand without deformation.

5. change in the type of material from which brackets 4 and 15 are made.

6. change in the place of attachment of jumpers 6 and 12 relative to ends 7 and 13.

7. changing the type of section of jumpers 6 and 12, for example, making jumpers of round, rectangular, square, hexagonal and other types of section.

Such measures may be applied, for example, when there is a change in regulatory requirements to ensure the safety of the passenger, or when the design of the backrest and cushion is changed, or when the structures on which the seat is installed are changed.

Changing the width of the groove T is used to increase or decrease the calculated deviation of the back 1, because this is the maximum distance that the upper edge of the recess 5 and 14 can move until it stops against the lower edge of the recess when the brackets 4 and 15 are deformed, which leads to the rotation of the seat back together with the passenger's restrained seat belt, at least one anchorage point of which is connected with backrest 1, at a certain angle and partial damping of the impact energy affecting the seat passenger.

Changing the depth of the groove S is used to increase or decrease the calculated force, at which the deformation of the brackets 4, 15 begins.

Changing the thickness of the metal from which the brackets 4 and 15 are made, with the same dimensions of the cutouts 5 and 14, leads to an increase in the cross section taken into account when carrying out strength calculations, which in turn leads to an increase or decrease in the design shock load that the seat can withstand without deformation.

It is known that the yield strength is a mechanical characteristic of a material that characterizes the stress at which the deformations continue to grow without increasing the load. The impact of stress greater than the yield strength of the material leads to the destruction of the material.

It is known that the yield strength for different grades of steel is different, for example:

St 20 - 245 MPa;

St 30 - 295 MPa;

St 45 - 355 MPa;

St 09G2S - 345 MPa;

St 3 - 235 MPa.

In this case, the yield strength of aluminum alloys is:

AD - 105-150 MPa;

AMC - 125-185 MPa.

Thus, brackets 4 and 15 made from different steel grades will have different yield strengths with the same structural configuration.

The same applies to different materials - a bracket of the same configuration, made of different metals, or, for example, steel and aluminum, or from different materials, such as metal and plastic, will have different yield strengths in the inflection zone 11.

This means that by changing only the steel grade, and changing the material from which the brackets 4 and 15 are made, replacing, for example, steel with plastic, it is possible to regulate the stress at which the bracket deforms, and therefore regulate the amount of absorbed energy.

By changing the attachment point of jumpers 6 and 12 relative to ends 7 and 13, the distance from the jumper to the inflection point for a particular bracket (the point at the intersection of the inflection line 11 with the side shelf of the bracket) is changed, which affects the results of strength calculations.

By changing the type of section of the jumpers 6 and 12, the force at which the jumpers are deformed is regulated, which also affects the results of strength calculations.

Making the seat base brackets with a notch, the edges of which are connected by a jumper, changing the type, shape and dimensions of the S and T notches, changing the steel grade from which the base bracket is made, changing the material from which the base bracket is made, the sectional view of the jumper and the place where the jumper is attached, all this allows you to change the design of the seat when changing the allowable load on the back of the seat, thus allowing you to achieve a technical result consisting in simplifying the design of the vehicle seat and simplifying the manufacture of the cutout on the bracket while ensuring the required level of safety for the seat user, as well as creating a method that allows you to design and manufacture seats that provide the required level of safety for passengers by changing at least one parameter from a set of measures in accordance with the proposed method.

Claims (7)

1. A vehicle seat containing a seat base made of brackets, cross members, pads and reinforcements, a seat cushion mounted on the seat base, a seat back attached to the base, characterized in that the brackets on the side of the front ends of the brackets in the direction of travel of the car have cutouts that weaken the brackets and create a stress concentrator, in the region of which, with a certain impact on the back of the seat, an inflection line is formed, while the first part of the bracket, to which the back is attached, rotates in relation to the second part of the bracket, by which the bracket is attached to the structures of the car or pedestal seats. 2. Vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that there are jumpers in the front part of the brackets connecting the sides of the cutouts. 3. Vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that the jumpers are made of a rectangular bar. 4. Vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that the jumpers are made of a round bar. 5. Vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that the jumpers are made of a square bar. 6. Vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that the jumpers are made of a hexagonal bar. 7. A method for ensuring the safety requirements of a vehicle passenger, in which the seat consists of a seat base made of brackets, cross members, pads and reinforcements, a seat cushion mounted on the seat base, a seat back attached to the base, characterized in that the brackets have cutouts on the side of the front ends in the direction of the car, weakening the brackets and creating a stress concentrator, in the area of which, with a certain impact on the seatback, an inflection line is formed, regulation of the maximum level of load on the seatback, at which the brackets do not deform, is achieved by changing at least one of parameters - by changing the size of the recess, and / or changing the thickness of the metal, and / or changing the brand of metal, and / or changing the type of metal, and / or changing the type of material, and / or changing the place of fastening of the jumpers relative to the ends of the bracket, and / or changing the type jumper sections.

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