RU2745892C1 - Vehicle seat and the method for ensuring the safety of the vehicle seat user - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: passenger vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for ensuring passive safety of passenger vehicles. The vehicle seat contains a seat cushion, a seat back and a seat base consisting of brackets, cross members, linings and reinforcements. The bracket is divided into two parts by a notch ending in a Z-shaped notch that does not reach the upper edge of the bracket for a certain distance, forming a bridge that can break when a certain bending load is applied to the bracket. The pads are welded to the side and horizontal surfaces of the bracket. In this case, the edge of the overlays adjacent to the recess follows its contour. The cross members are welded to the bracket. The reinforcements are welded at one end to the vertical flange of the bracket, the other to the horizontal flange of the bracket and partially to the cross members.

EFFECT: safety of the vehicle passenger in the event of an accident is increased.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for ensuring passive safety of vehicle passengers.

Known safety system for the user with the seat of the vehicle (RF patent No. 2343257, publ. 01/10/2009) includes a control mechanism for the limited movement of the seat in the direction of the action of inertial forces along the guide slide with fixation in the initial and final positions.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the increased complexity of the design, which provides the required level of safety for the seat user.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is the problem of increased complexity of the vehicle seat design, which provides the required level of safety for the user of the seat.

This problem is solved due to the fact that a vehicle seat base bracket is used in the seat structure, which has a recess that weakens the bracket structure, and allows, under bending load on the bracket, to rotate the part of the bracket structure to which the rear back is attached to a strictly defined angle.

The technical results consist in simplifying the design of the vehicle seat while ensuring the required level of safety for the seat user and in creating a method for designing and manufacturing seats that provide the required level of safety for passengers by changing at least one parameter from a set of measures in accordance with the proposed method.

Further in the description is presented one of the possible, but not the only, implementation of the proposed technical solution.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a vehicle seat, general view.

FIG. 2 shows the base of the vehicle seat.

FIG. 3 shows the base bracket.

As you know, when designing a vehicle, special attention is paid to the safety of the driver and passengers.

At the same time, special technical solutions are provided to reduce the risk of injury to the driver and passengers in the event of an emergency. For example, the car body has special stamped elements that deform upon impact, thus absorbing the impact energy and reducing the negative impact of the impact energy on the driver and passengers of the vehicle in an accident.

Requirements for vehicle seats are known, stating that the seat structure must rotate the rear seat back through a certain angle when hitting the back of the seat from behind. This requirement, when the vehicle hits an obstacle, reduces the risk of injury to the front seat of a passenger sitting in the back,

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

1 - back;

2 - pillow;

3 - base;

4 - groove;

5 - Z-shaped cut;

6 - the site of the fracture;

7 - pad;

8 - bracket;

9 - amplifier;

10 - cross member;

11 - bending line;

12 - notch;

13 - cross member;

14 - pivot point.

FIG. 1 shows a vehicle seat, general view.

The vehicle seat consists of a seat back 1, a seat cushion 2 and a seat base 3. In this case, the seat back 1 is attached to the first part of the bracket 8, and the seat cushion 2 is attached to the other part of the bracket 8, separated by a recess 12.

Fig. 2 shows a seat base of a vehicle.

The seat base 3 consists of a bracket 8; lining 7, welded to the lateral and horizontal surfaces of the bracket 8, while the edge of the lining 7 adjacent to the recess 12 follows its contour; crossbars 10 and 13 welded to the bracket 8; reinforcement 9, welded with one edge to the vertical flange of the bracket, the other to the horizontal flange of the bracket and partially to the cross member 10. The side surface of the bracket 8 has a recess 12, starting on the horizontal flange of the bracket 8, continuing on the side surface of the bracket 8 and passing into a Z-shaped cut 5 closer to the upper edge of the lateral surface, and the Z-shaped cut 5 does not reach the upper edge of the bracket 8 at a distance L, forming a bridge. The recess 12 is made in such a way that when a bending load occurs on the bracket 8, a fracture of the section L occurs at the point of the fracture 6, while the groove 4 has the ability to rotate through an angle α relative to the pivot point 14 until it stops against the cross member 13.

FIG. 3 shows the base bracket.

The bracket 8 has horizontal and vertical shelves and a side surface divided into two parts by a recess 12 ending in a Z-shaped cut 5. To the first part of the bracket 8, located to the left of the recess 12, the backrest 1 is attached, to the second part of the bracket 8, located to the right of recesses 12, cushion 2 is attached. Brackets 8 have left and right versions and are located on the left and right sides of the seat and together with reinforcements 9, pads 7 and crossbars 10 and 13 form the base 3 of the seat. The bracket 8 is attached to the cushion 2 and to the vehicle structures in the second part of the bracket 8, and the first part of the bracket 8 is attached to the backrest 1.

The device works as follows: when the vehicle strikes an obstacle due to the action of inertial forces, the passenger located behind hits the rear part of the backrest 1, thus causing a bending load on the bracket 8. When the bending load reaches the design value at the fracture point 6, the destruction of the section L occurs , the groove 4 rotates relative to the pivot point 14 by an angle a, abutting against the cross member 13, while the horizontal flange of the brackets 8 is bent along the bending line 11, all this leads to a partial absorption of the impact energy and reduces the negative impact of this energy on the passenger.

The execution of the bracket 8 with a recess 12 ending in a Z-shaped notch 5, and made in such a way that when the bridge L formed by the Z-shaped notch 5 and the upper edge of the bracket 8 is broken, the first part of the bracket 8, to which the backrest 1 is attached, rotates along in relation to the second part of the bracket 8, to which the cushion 2 is attached and which remains stationary, all this makes it possible to achieve the technical result of simplifying the structure of the vehicle seat while ensuring the required level of safety for the user of the seat.

A method of ensuring the safety of a user of a vehicle seat, characterized by making the seat base in such a way that on the side surface of the bracket 8 there is a recess 12 ending in a Z-shaped notch 5 that does not reach the upper edge of the bracket 8 by a distance L, which consists in the fact that to comply with requirements to ensure the safety of the user of the vehicle seat when the vehicle strikes an obstacle, it is proposed to use a set of measures to ensure partial absorption of the shock energy transmitted to the user of the vehicle seat when hitting an obstacle, namely:

1. Changing the bulkhead size L to increase or decrease the design shock load as regulatory requirements change.

2. Changing the thickness of the metal from which the bracket 8 is made to increase or decrease the design shock load when the regulatory requirements change while the bulkhead L is unchanged.

Making a recess 12 on the side surface of the bracket 8 in such a way that when the bridge L formed by the Z-shaped notch 5 and the upper edge of the bracket 8 breaks due to the shock load on the back of the chair 1, the first part of the brackets 8 is rotated, to which the back 1 is attached, in relation to the second part of the brackets 8, to which the cushion 2 remains stationary, the rotation occurs due to the bending of the horizontal shelves of the brackets 8, while the presence of pads 7 and amplifiers 9 in the structure of the base 3 of the seat eliminates the possibility of deformation of other parts of the seat.

The strength condition is known when calculating for shear:

Tav = Q / Af, where Tav is the calculated shear stress;

Q is the lateral force;

Af is the cross-sectional area of the part to be cut.

For the proposed method, the cross-section of the part to be cut is a rectangle, the area of which is calculated as the product of the sides, one of which is the size of the bridge L, the other is the thickness of the metal from which the bracket is made. Thus, with a constant shear force, it is possible, by changing the metal thickness or size L, to achieve the required design shear stress, depending on changing safety requirements.

It is known that the yield point is a mechanical characteristic of a material that characterizes the stress at which deformations continue to grow without increasing the load. Exposure to a stress greater than the yield point of the material leads to the destruction of the material.

It is known that the yield point for different steel grades is different, for example:

1. Art 20 - 245 MPa;

2. Art 30 - 295 MPa;

3. Art 45 - 355 MPa;

4. St 09G2S - 345 MPa;

5. Art 3 - 235 MPa.

At the same time, the yield point of aluminum alloys is:

1. HELL - 105-150 MPa;

2. AMC - 125-185 MPa.

Thus, the bracket 8 made of different grades of steel will have a different yield strength with the same configuration of the structure.

The same applies to different materials - a bracket of the same configuration, made from different metals, or, for example, from plastic, will have different yield strengths in the zone of the bulkhead L.

This means that by changing only the steel grade and changing the material from which the bracket 8 is made, replacing, for example, steel with plastic, it is possible to regulate the voltage at which it collapses, and therefore to regulate the size of the absorbed energy.

Performing the seat base with a recess 12 ending in a Z-shaped notch 5 in the brackets 8, changing the size L of the lintel, changing the thickness of the metal from which the bracket 8 is made, all this allows you to change the seat design when changing the permissible load on the seat back, thus allowing you to achieve a technical result , consisting in creating a method that allows you to design and manufacture seats that provide the required level of safety for passengers by changing at least one parameter from a set of measures in accordance with the proposed method.

Claims (5)

1. A vehicle seat containing a seat cushion, a seat back, a seat base consisting of brackets, cross members, linings and reinforcements, characterized in that the bracket is divided into two parts by a recess ending in a Z-shaped notch that does not reach the upper edge of the bracket. the distance, forming a bridge that can collapse when a certain bending load is applied to the bracket, the pads are welded to the lateral and horizontal surfaces of the bracket, while the edge of the pads adjacent to the recess follows its contour; the cross members are welded to the bracket; the amplifiers are welded at one end to the vertical flange of the bracket, the other to the horizontal flange of the bracket and partially to the cross members. 2. The vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that when the bridge formed by the Z-shaped notch and the upper edge of the bracket is broken, the first part of the bracket, to which the back is attached, rotates in relation to the second part of the bracket to which the pillow is attached ... 3. The method of ensuring the safety of the user of the vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that when regulatory requirements change, at least one of the following is changed: - jumper size L; - the thickness of the metal from which the bracket is made.

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