RU2774601C1 - Dental implant system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: dentistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dentistry and is intended for use in dental implantation. A dental implant system is used when taking an impression, containing: a dental implant with a truncated cone-shaped cavity with the apical end thereof, an abutment provided with a pin of such size and shape as to be retained in the truncated cone-shaped cavity of said dental implant, and a support head suitable for supporting the dental crown, a dental transfer cap with a pin intended to be inserted in the truncated cone-shaped cavity of the dental implant prior to taking the impression, and a transfer head identical to the abutment head, and an implant replica with an internal cavity suitable for placing the pin of the dental transfer cap, and an external surface equipped with undercuts allowing the replica to remain in the impression when the model of the dentition is cast in the shape of said impression, wherein the truncated cone-shaped cavity of the dental implant constitutes a through hole.

EFFECT: due to the presence of a through truncated cone-shaped cavity in the dental implant, invention can improve the integration and stabilisation of the dental implant in the dental arch.

15 cl, 12 dwg

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a dental implant system comprising a dental implant having a frustoconical cavity, an abutment having an abutment post for optimal retention in a frustoconical implant cavity and an abutment head for supporting a dental crown, a transfer abutment having a post a transfer designed to be inserted into the truncated-conical cavity of the implant before taking an impression, and a transfer head identical to the abutment head, and an implant analogue. For convenience, a transfer abutment will hereinafter be referred to simply as a transfer. A transfer is an abutment that is inserted into a dental implant for an impression to be taken using a suitable deformable material without the use of a permanent abutment. In fact, if the latter is used, there is a risk that the impression cannot be easily removed from the patient's mouth due to the adhesion in shape to the permanent abutment.

[0002] The present invention particularly relates to a dental implant that has a through socket for an abutment shaft.

Prior Art

[0003] US 6,290,500 describes a dental implant system and method that includes a transfer. The transfer has a substantially cylindrical rod portion with a longitudinal axis provided with a longitudinally extending groove, whereby the rod portion can be retractably placed in the bore of an implant having a taper for holding. As such, the groove allows the rod portion to resiliently engage with the walls of the implant hole for impression purposes only.

[0004] It has been noted that part of such a shank does not hold the abutment in a stable state, and this can lead to inaccurate impression taking.

[0005] Moreover, said transfer has no means of determining its circumferential position in the installation.

[0006] WO 2017/137588 relates to an abutment suitable for attachment to a dental implant.

The abutment has a main part with a conical part and a prism-shaped attachment part for attaching the abutment to a dental implant. The abutment attachment part contains a plurality of protrusions for friction attachment with the corresponding inner part of the dental implant, and the conical part of the abutment mates with the conical part of the dental implant directed towards it. The contact between the part for attaching the abutment and the interior of the dental implant mainly occurs on the protrusions, made with the possibility of elastic and plastic deformation.

[0007] WO 2017/137588 deals with the problem of achieving easy

removing the abutment from the implant, which is especially important when taking an impression.

[0008] The aim of the present invention is, on the one hand, to provide a dental implant system that allows simple and easy execution of the operations that a dentist must perform before installing a permanent abutment, in particular with regard to a transfer.

[0009] On the other hand, it is an object of the present invention to provide a dental implant having features of reduced dimensions, in particular in length, as well as features related to shape, which can allow it to be easily integrated into the dental arch.

The essence of the invention

[0010] It is an object of the present invention to provide a dental implant system in which, on the one hand, the coping is stably placed in the implant hole for accurate impression taking, and, on the other hand, an easy and convenient removal of the impression after curing of the deformable material is provided, with which an impression is made.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant that has

a through socket for an abutment, in other words, a dental implant, which has an internal cavity open from the apical end to the input end for the abutment.

[0012] Therefore, the present invention provides a dental implant system as defined in the independent claim and the dependent claims.

[0013] Preferably, the dental implant using the transfer according to the present invention is of the screw type, but may also be of other types, such as, for example, plate type. Its truncated-conical cavity is a longitudinal through hole for inserting an abutment, which is complete with a dental crown. The truncated-conical cavity may have, closer to the apical end, that is, on the side opposite the side of the abutment insert, a prismatic end space, for example, hexagonal, communicating with the external environment. This ensures a stable, non-rotatable positioning in the implant of both the post and the abutment. Alternatively, the prismatic end space may be circular, i.e., a continuation in the longitudinal direction of the truncated-conical cavity of the dental implant.

[0014] Moreover, since the frustoconical cavity is a through hole, the dimensions of the implant are reduced.

[0015] The truncated-conical cavity may have a very small taper, for example, less than 4°, which is commonly referred to as conicity. The feature that the frustoconical cavity is a through hole is particularly advantageous since the entire length of the dental implant can be used to place the abutment. Moreover, the fact that the apical end of the dental implant is hollow allows the insertion of a bone formation into it for better integration and stabilization of the dental implant in the dental arch.

Brief description of graphic materials

[0016] Additional features and advantages of the present invention will become most apparent from the description of embodiments of a dental implant system, illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] - fig. 1 - Central longitudinal section of a dental implant in accordance with the present invention;

[0018] - FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a transfer in accordance with the present invention;

[0019] - FIG. 3 is a side view of the transfer of FIG. 2 inserted into a model analogue of the implant, shown in section, which is obtained from the impression on the transfer in the form of a dental crown, represented by a dotted line;

[0020] - FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the abutment for stable insertion into the implant in FIG. one;

[0021] - FIG. 5 is a side view with a partial section of the abutment in Fig. 4, complete with a dental crown, shown in dotted line, and inserted into the implant of FIG. one;

[0022] - FIG. 6 — central longitudinal section of the first version of the dental implant in accordance with the present invention;

[0023] - FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the first embodiment of the transfer in accordance with the present invention;

[0024] - FIG. 8 - central longitudinal section of the second version of the dental implant in accordance with the present invention;

[0025] - FIG. 9 — central longitudinal section of the third version of the dental implant in accordance with the present invention;

[0026] - FIG. 10 is a side view of a fourth embodiment of a dental implant according to the present invention and a cap shown separately in relation to the implant;

[0027] - FIG. 11 — central longitudinal section of the fourth variant of the dental implant with cap assembly; and

[0028] - FIG. 12 is a central longitudinal section of the fifth embodiment of a dental implant in accordance with the present invention.

[0029] Description of embodiments of the invention

[0030] First, consider FIG. 1 which is a central longitudinal section of a dental implant in accordance with the present invention. The dental implant, indicated generally by reference numeral 1, is shown as being of the screw type, but it will be shown hereinafter that it can also be of another type, for example of the lamellar type. Reference position 2 denotes a truncated-conical cavity, which is a longitudinal through hole for inserting an abutment complete with a dental crown. The truncated-conical cavity 2 has, on the side opposite to the insertion side of the abutment, i.e. at its base or at its apical end, a non-circular end space 3, for example in the form of a hexagonal prism. Due to the fact that the truncated-conical cavity 2 is a longitudinal through hole, the dimensions of the implant 1 are reduced, even by 0.3–2 mm, compared to a conventional implant without a through cavity.

[0031] In FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a transfer in accordance with the present invention. Conventionally, the transfer, indicated in general by reference numeral 4, has a transfer pin 5 terminating at the bottom with a non-circular end coinciding with the non-circular end of the end space 3, for example, the end 6 in the form of a hexagonal prism, for example, for insertion into the end hexagonal prism space 3 of a truncated conical cavity 2. Transfer 4 also has a transfer head 7 designed to support the dental crown. The head 7 of the transfer is shown in the form of a truncated cone, tapering on the side opposite to the pin 5 of the transfer. It is known that the transfer head 7 has a notch 8 or the like to indicate the orientation of the transfer 4. According to the present invention, the transfer pin 5 has a first frustoconical holding surface portion 9 adjoining the transfer head 7 at the top, and a second frustoconical portion 10 surface with a taper that is less than the taper of the first frusto-conical part 9 of the surface. Preferably, the length of the first frustoconical retaining surface portion 9 is a quarter of the length of the second frustoconical surface portion 10. This configuration of the transfer 4, i.e. double cone, is useful for taking an impression of the implant 1 in FIG. 1. Essentially, the first frustoconical retaining portion 9 has the same taper as the frustoconical cavity 2 of implant 1. When the transfer pin 4 is inserted by the transfer pin 5 into the frustoconical cavity 2 of the implant 1, the first frustoconical retaining portion 9 of the surface remains properly engaged by friction with the surface of the truncated-conical cavity 2, while its hexagonal prismatic end 6 is locked to rotate in the hexagonal prismatic end space 3 of the truncated-conical cavity 2. The proper degree of adhesion indicated above allows the removal of the impression without risk that the transfer 4 will remain attached to the implant 1 instead of being integral with the deformable material used to take the impression.

[0032] It is known that a plaster cast is obtained from the impression, as shown schematically in FIG. 3, which shows a side view of the transfer 4 according to FIG. 1. Transfer 4 is inserted into implant analogue 11, placed in plaster cast 12 obtained from the impression. Plaster cast 12 is shown in partial cross section, while dental crown 13, represented by a dotted line, is made on post 4. Dental crown 13 is fabricated by a dental technician using known methods and materials. The analogue 11 of the implant has an outer surface 14 provided with recesses 15 to hold it in a plaster cast 12, and an inner cavity 16 to accommodate the pin 5 of the transfer. The upper part 17 of the inner cavity 16 is shaped like a frustocone with the same taper as the frustoconical cavity 2 of the implant 1 to engage with the first frustoconical retaining part 9 of the transfer 4, while the rest of the inner cavity 16 is not in contact with pin 5 of the transfer. Additionally, the inner cavity 16 has a lower part 18 to accommodate the hexagonal prismatic end 6 of the transfer 4.

[0033] Once fabricated, the dental crown 13 can be placed on the abutment 19 shown in the schematic side view of FIG. four.

[0034] Schematically, abutment 19 is of the truncated-conical type, tapering towards both ends. Traditionally, abutment 19 has an abutment post 20 ending at the bottom with a non-circular end, such as a hexagonal prism 21, with the same shape and dimensions as the hexagonal prismatic end 6 of transfer 4. Abutment 19 has an abutment head 22 designed to support a dental crown. The abutment head 22 is essentially identical to the transfer head 7. It is shown that the head 22 of the abutment has the shape of a truncated cone, tapering on the side opposite to the pin 20 of the abutment, but may be different, as well as the head 7 of the transfer. It is known that the abutment head 22 has a notch 8 or the like to indicate the orientation of the abutment 19. Typically, the abutment post 20 has a frustoconical surface to stably hold the frustoconical cavity 2 surface of the implant 1.

[0035] Referring to FIG. 5, which is a partial sectional side view of the abutment 19 of FIG. 4, complete with a dental crown 13, which is shown in dotted line, and inserted into the implant 1, which is already installed in the patient's mouth. The dental crown 13 is cemented on the head of the 22 abutment. The insertion of the abutment 19, which is included with the dental crown 13, into the implant is performed by known methods. The post 20 of the abutment is ideally tightly connected to the truncated-conical cavity 2 of the implant 1.

[0036] Consider now FIG. 6 and 7 showing a central longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a dental implant and a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a transfer, respectively, in accordance with the present invention. Dental implant 100 is similar to that shown in FIG. 1, however, unlike it, does not have a non-circular end space in its truncated-conical cavity 200, which is a longitudinal through hole for inserting an abutment that is complete with a dental crown. A substantially truncated conical cavity 200 runs the entire length of the implant. This embodiment, shown in FIG. 6, facilitates the manufacture of the implant compared to implant 1 shown in FIG. one.

[0037] FIG. 7 shows a first embodiment of the transfer 400 having a transfer pin 500 ending at the bottom with a round end, in contrast to the transfer 4 in FIG. 2. Like the last one, the post 400 has a post head 7 designed to support the dental crown, and the post head 7 has a notch 8 to indicate the orientation of the post 400. Unlike the post 4 of FIG. 2, the transfer pin 500 has a first frustoconical retaining surface portion 900 abutting the transfer head 7 at its top, substantially twice as long as the first frustoconical retaining surface portion 9 in FIG. 2 due to the second truncated-conical part 101 of the surface with a smaller taper. The increase in extension depends on the need to create a fit with sufficient friction due to the absence of the hexagonal prism end present in the transfer 4 in Fig. 2.

[0038] Consider now FIG. 8 and 9 showing central longitudinal sections, respectively, of the second and third embodiments of a dental implant in accordance with the present invention. The second embodiment of the dental implant in FIG. 8 is of the screw type, and the third embodiment of the dental implant in FIG. 9 refers to the plate or platform type. Both implants have a conical or Morse cavity, i.e. with a taper that is less than 4°.

[0039] The second embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and indicated by reference numeral 30 has a conical cavity 31, and the helical threads, generally indicated by reference numeral 32, have a triangular cross section.

[0040] The third embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and indicated by reference numeral 40 has a conical cavity 41, and platforms, indicated generally by reference numeral 42, have a rectangular cross section.

[0041] Now consider FIG. 10 and 11, which respectively show a side view and a central longitudinal section of a fourth embodiment 50 of a dental implant in accordance with the present invention and a frustoconical cap 60, which is shown separately from the implant and mounted on the implant, respectively. The frusto-conical cap 60 can also be inserted into the cavities 200, 31, 41 of the respective implants 100, 30, 40.

[0042] As in the third embodiment 40 shown in FIG. 9, the fourth option, indicated by reference numeral 50, has a conical cavity 51, and the platforms, indicated generally by reference numeral 52, have a rectangular section. Additionally, the end platforms, indicated generally at 53, taper towards the opposite ends of the implant, which are the apical end 54 and the entry end 55, along the sloping portions, generally indicated at 56.

[0043] A fifth embodiment, similarly shown in FIG. 12 and indicated by reference numeral 70 has a conical cavity 71, and the platforms, indicated generally by reference numeral 72, have a rectangular section ending in a triangle.

[0044] In the four dental implant options 30, 40, 50, 70, conventional abutments such as the abutment indicated at 19 in FIG. 4, but without the hexagonal end 21.

[0045] The frusto-conical cap 60 also has a taper similar to that of the cavity 51 of the implant 50 and is made of a plastic material. It has a blind hole 61 centrally located at its top for gripping with a suitable tool in the form of a corkscrew or expander. The cap 60 is useful for keeping the implant already in the patient's mouth closed until the permanent abutment is inserted, so that the implant cavity 51 is not occupied by bone that could form and insert itself closer to the apical end, i.e. from below, into the implant cavity , or gum tissue, which can independently penetrate into the implant cavity from above.

[0046] It is to be understood that the dental implant system of the present invention achieves its intended purposes. Due to the fact that the cavity of the dental implant is a through cavity, its length can advantageously be reduced. In fact, only 2.5 mm of conical contact is enough to ensure the stability of the connection between the abutment and the implant. This is especially useful in cases where a so-called short implant is required due to the reduced vertical dimension of the bone.

[0047] Moreover, the dental implant system of the present invention allows for easy impression taking and removal from the patient's mouth for modeling and fabrication of a dental crown. It will be moved by a transfer and then attached to the abutment for permanent placement on the patient's implant.

Claims (31)

1. A dental implant system, comprising: dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70) having a truncated-conical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) with its apical end, an abutment (19) having a pin (20) of such a size and shape as to be held in a truncated-conical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of the specified dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70 ), and a support head (22) suitable for supporting a dental crown (13), dental transfer (4; 400) having a pin (5; 500) intended for insertion into a truncated-conical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of a dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70) before taking the impression, and the head (7) of the transfer, identical to the head (22) of the abutment (19), and analogue of the implant (11), having an internal cavity (16) suitable for placing the pin (5; 500) of the tooth transfer (4; 400), and the outer surface (14) provided with undercuts (15) that allow the analogue (11) to stay inside cast (12) when casting a model of the dentition in the form of the specified impression, characterized in that the truncated-conical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of the dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70) is a through hole. 2. Dental implant system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pin (5; 500) of the transfer has: the first truncated-conical part (9) of the surface, which borders on the head (7) of the transfer and has a taper identical to the taper of the corresponding part of the pin (20) of the abutment, and the remaining second truncated-conical part (10; 101) of the surface, having a taper that is less than the taper of the corresponding part of the pin (20) of the abutment, thus, the tooth transfer (4; 400) is made with the possibility of holding the implant in the truncated-conical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) due to friction with the first truncated-conical part (9) of the impression surface. 3. Dental implant system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the truncated-conical cavity (2) of the implant contains a non-circular end space (3) of the implant communicating with its apical end, the post (20) of the abutment has a non-circular end (21) of the abutment post, designed to be placed in the non-circular end space (3) of the implant, the inner cavity (16) of the analogue contains a non-circular lower part (18) of the analogue and the transfer pin (5) has a non-circular end (6) of the transfer pin designed to be placed in the non-circular lower part (18) of the analogue. 4. Dental implant system according to claim 3, characterized in that: non-circular end space (3) of the implant has the shape of a hexagonal prism, the non-circular end (21) of the abutment post has the shape of a hexagonal prism, the non-circular lower part (18) of the analogue has the shape of a hexagonal prism and the non-circular end (6) of the transfer pin has the shape of a hexagonal prism. 5. Dental implant system according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal cavity (16) of the analog has an upper part (17) of a truncated conical shape identical to the corresponding part of the truncated conical cavity (2) of the implant, thus the first truncated conical part (9; 900) of the surface of the tooth transfer (4; 400) engages with the upper part (17) due to friction. 6. Dental implant system according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the first truncated-conical part (9) of the surface of the pin (5) of the transfer with a non-circular end (6) is a quarter of the length of the second truncated-conical part (10) of the pin surface ( 5) transfer. 7. Dental implant system according to claim. 1, characterized in that the length of the first truncated-conical part (900) of the surface of the pin (500) of the transfer with a round end is half the length of the second truncated-conical part (101) of the surface of the pin (500) of the transfer . 8. Dental implant system according to claim 1, characterized in that the truncated-conical cavity (31; 41; 51; 71) of the implant has a Morse taper. 9. Dental implant system according to claim 1, characterized in that the dental implant (1; 30) is a screw dental implant. 10. Dental implant system according to claim 8, characterized in that the dental implant (40; 50; 70) is a platform dental implant. 11. Dental implant system according to claim 10, characterized in that the dental implant (40; 50) has platforms (42; 52) with a rectangular cross section. 12. Dental implant system according to claim 11, characterized in that the dental implant (50) has end platforms (53) tapering towards opposite ends (54; 55) of the implant. 13. Dental implant system according to claim 10, characterized in that the dental implant (70) has platforms (72) with a rectangular cross section ending in a triangle. 14. Dental implant system according to claim 1, characterized in that the truncated-conical cavity (200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of the implant of these dental implants (100; 30; 40; 50; 70) is made with the possibility of closing a truncated conical cap (60). 15. Dental implant system according to claim 14, characterized in that the truncated-conical cap (60) is made of a plastic material and has a blind hole (61) on the top for removal.

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