RU2770388C1 - Complex of technical means of anti-torpedo protection of a submarine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: submarines anti-torpedo protection.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means of anti-torpedo protection of submarines, in particular to devices for sonar counteracting enemy actions. A complex of technical means for anti-torpedo protection of a submarine is proposed, characterized by the presence of a group of self-propelled autonomous underwater vehicles, each of which is equipped with communication and mutual positioning systems, as well as receiving and emitting hydrophones with the possibility of each vehicle emitting part of the primary and secondary acoustic fields of the submarine in places corresponding to base points of the acoustic field, to form an imitation spatial copy of the acoustic field of the submarine, wherein at least one underwater vehicle in the group is configured to counter move to destroy upon detection of a probing pulse from the attacking torpedo's sonar.EFFECT: increasing the reliability of the submarine simulation, the efficiency and reliability of the anti-torpedo protection complex and hydroacoustic countermeasures against torpedo attacks.2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means of anti-torpedo protection of submarines, in particular, to devices for sonar counteracting enemy actions.

An analysis of materials from the foreign press shows that the main types of modern torpedoes that are part of the armament of submarines are:

- long-range self-guided torpedoes of the Mk-48 type of various modifications of 533 mm caliber, placed on submarines;

- small-sized anti-submarine torpedoes of the Mk-54 type, designed to be placed on surface ships, anti-submarine aircraft and helicopters, as well as being combat units of mine complexes and anti-submarine missiles used from surface ships.

A distinctive feature of these torpedoes is the high noise immunity of their acoustic homing systems (ASN), from natural and artificial interference, which ensures their high efficiency in shallow water and when firing at low-noise ice-covered submarines lying on the ground of the submarine, as well as in conditions of hydroacoustic counteraction of the submarine-target .

The role of anti-submarine weapons in a combat encounter with submarines is:

- in the exclusion of the execution of subsequent (n-1) torpedo attacks of a foreign submarine by hitting it with a response combined torpedo and missile salvo of the submarine;

- in the performance of a preemptive or retaliatory volley with a weapon for:

- violations and disruption of telecontrol, and, accordingly, a decrease in the likelihood of detection and catching up with a self-defending submarine by a torpedo;

- forcing a foreign submarine into an evasive maneuver at maximum speed to increase its noise, which will increase the possibility of determining its coordinates by the protected submarine for use against an evading enemy submarine that was the first to use weapons, anti-submarine torpedoes and missiles;

- reducing the ability of a foreign submarine to detect a submarine that was the first to use torpedoes by shielding the noise of a submarine with the noise of a moving torpedo fired from a submarine.

The purpose of self-propelled and drifting interference devices is [1]:

- in shielding submarine noise with noise from hydroacoustic countermeasures (HPA) to disrupt target designation, exclude remote control and reduce the likelihood of an enemy torpedo detecting an evading submarine;

- in diverting enemy torpedoes to false targets (directions) and creating powerful acoustic noise, which reduces the range and reduces the likelihood of detecting submarines by active and passive channels of the homing system (SSN) and the likelihood of catching up with an evading submarine by an enemy torpedo.

The purpose of anti-torpedoes as means of anti-torpedo protection (PTZ) is [1,2] to destroy enemy torpedoes that have passed the lines of the GPA, set up from submarines, and to reduce the likelihood of catching up or hitting an evading submarine with a torpedo, as well as to destroy torpedoes found on small ranges (2-4 km), when the timely use of our submarines of GPA means is not ensured.

Having outlined the roles of weapons, GPA means and anti-torpedoes, it should be noted that their priority in use largely depends on the type of torpedo attack - preemptive or retaliatory, mutual detection ranges of the parties, torpedo detection ranges, submarine response to self-defense and hydroacoustic compatibility of the detection means used by it hydroacoustic complex (HAC), used weapons (torpedoes, missiles), GPA means and active PTZ means.

In the conditions of a clash, an immediate decision is required, therefore the task of creating an integrated GPA tool that combines the functions of jamming devices, a simulator, an anti-torpedo and, possibly, an attacking torpedo, which will significantly reduce the time for the commander to make a decision to launch such a self-defense system when an attack is detected, is urgent.

Known patent RU2662573C2 dated May 11, 2016 "Underwater jammer", which proposes a simulator of the primary field of a submarine, an underwater vehicle, a dipole jammer and thermal infrared traps against air attack control systems, and to simulate the secondary field of a submarine, a generator of gas bubbles is used that forms a large motionless, reflecting acoustic signal, object. The disadvantages of the proposed solution are the formation of a primary field by a point emitter, a rather easily classified method of forming a secondary field, and the absence of an active system for destroying torpedoes.

The closest method is utility model patent RU115754U1 "Means of counteracting hydroacoustic systems of underwater objects", in which several separate towed modules with emitters of hydroacoustic signals are located on the hull along the contour of the submarine from bow to stern. The purpose of this solution is to simulate the signals and noises of a submarine by a simulator located at some distance from it. The advantage of this solution is the use of the submarine's power system to power the simulator and the spatial structure of the simulated noise, and the disadvantage is the need for the presence of a real submarine in close proximity to tow the simulator, as well as the lack of active protection against a torpedo attack - in the event of failure of the torpedo sonar guidance to the simulator can detect the submarine hull and attack it.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the system of hydroacoustic countermeasures of submarines from attack due to the integrated use of a group of autonomous underwater vehicles to form a spatial copy of the acoustic field of submarines, moving in a positioned and coordinated manner in accordance with the trajectory of the simulated submarine.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that each of the group of self-propelled autonomous underwater vehicles moving in a coordinated formation generates broadband or frequency-targeted interference, the primary and secondary fields of a part of the simulated submarine, is remotely controlled via an acoustic channel, and one or more vehicles of the group are capable of performing the functions of an anti-torpedo .

All devices are equipped with hydroacoustic modems with a mutual positioning system, which allows you to exchange information, maintain a common coordinate system, coordinate the actions of devices to switch movement modes and generate interference and destroy an attacking torpedo.

Hydroacoustic interaction of devices in the group is achieved by program-time switching on and off the operation of the self-propelled submarine simulator (SIPL) and barrage jamming devices to ensure detection, target designation and use of anti-torpedoes, as well as frequency separation of the signals of the hydroacoustic modem and the emitted signals of the simulator. Anti-torpedo defense, in the general task of self-defense, also provides for a submarine evasion maneuver during the time necessary to move away from the initial location at a distance that excludes the torpedo from catching up with an evading submarine by a torpedo, and the repeated use of torpedo weapons by an attacking enemy submarine. At the same time, the evasive maneuver of the submarine must be carried out at such speeds and retreat courses at which it is possible to restore contact with the torpedo, develop target designation for it and fire anti-torpedoes. The GPA means are adjusted to the current position of the submarine in order to provide the best protection, for which the submarine can transmit commands to the GPA group via a hydroacoustic channel to change the operating mode or movement trajectory.

The technical implementation of the proposed technical solution is presented on:

Fig. 1 - the structure of the glare points of the acoustic signal relative to the hull of the submarine;

Fig. 2 - positioning diagram of autonomous underwater vehicles to simulate the spatial acoustic field of the submarine

In FIG. 1 shows the spatial structure of the submarine acoustic signal. The circles show the positions of bright "flares" - the base points of the reflected signal (the secondary field of the submarine), the sources of the primary acoustic field of the submarine 1 can also be displayed there. cabin 4 with antennas 5 and snorkels 6, propellers 7.

In FIG. 2 shows the layout of self-propelled underwater vehicles 8 to simulate the spatial structure of the submarine acoustic signal, in accordance with its base points, indicated in FIG. 1. The complex of technical means for anti-torpedo protection of a submarine includes a group of autonomous underwater vehicles, each of which contains a hull with a propulsion unit, a control unit and hydroacoustic countermeasures, and each vehicle is equipped with a hydroacoustic communication and positioning system for moving in a given formation and exchanging information with each other about the current state and relative position. Each device in the group forms and emits its own part of the acoustic field of the submarine, which makes it possible to form the acoustic field of the simulated submarine distributed in space and reliable in structure. The type of the simulated submarine can be changed according to a predetermined program or by an operator command transmitted by a hydroacoustic modem.

The complex of technical means of anti-torpedo protection of a submarine works as follows: a group of autonomous underwater vehicles that are part of the complex is launched, the vehicles turn on hydroacoustic communication and positioning systems, determine the position of neighboring vehicles, distribute the mutual position among themselves to simulate the acoustic field of a given type of submarine, line up with a given in formation and move along a certain trajectory according to commands transmitted to the hydroacoustic modem or according to a recorded program. Each underwater vehicle radiates a part of the primary acoustic field of the submarine, which is characteristic of that part of the hull in the area of which this vehicle is located. When a probing pulse is detected, each device forms its own part of the echo signal, tied to the position of the device in the group. Thus, the primary and secondary fields of such a simulator have a spatially distributed structure that is complex in terms of time and spectral parameters, repeating the field of a submarine, thereby increasing the reliability of its simulation.

When the type of the simulated submarine is changed at the command of the operator, transmitted via a hydroacoustic modem or according to a given program, the autonomous underwater vehicles that are part of the anti-torpedo protection complex move and position themselves in space, simulating the spatial acoustic field of this submarine, and emit the primary and secondary signals.

The effectiveness of the anti-torpedo protection of submarines is also increased due to the presence in the complex of one or more devices that perform the function of anti-torpedoes, that is, they have the ability to move oncoming to destroy when the hydrophones receive a signal from an attacking torpedo.

The spatial formation of the acoustic field of a submarine for its simulation by the proposed complex, consisting of a group of autonomous underwater vehicles equipped with a communication and positioning system, increases the reliability of the submarine simulation and the reliability of the submarine anti-torpedo protection.

Bibliography:

1. Korovina, G.M., Kuzmitsky, M.A., Lutsky, A.N., Novakov, V.A. Formation of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of MPO in the SSC "Gidropribor" / G.M. Korovina, M.A. Kuzmitsky, A.N. Lutsky, V.A. Novakov // Underwater naval weapons. - 2020. - Issue. 2(50). - S. 72-81.

2. Burenok, V.M., Ivlev, A.A., Korchak, Yu.V. Development of military technologies of the XXI century: problems, planning, implementation / V.M. Burenok, A.A. Ivlev, Yu.V. Korczak. - Tver: Dome, 2009. - 624 p.

Claims (2)

1. A complex of technical means for anti-torpedo protection of a submarine, characterized by the presence of a group of self-propelled autonomous underwater vehicles, each of which is equipped with communication and mutual positioning systems, as well as receiving and emitting hydrophones with the possibility of each device emitting part of the primary and secondary acoustic fields of the submarine in places corresponding to the base points of the acoustic field, to form an imitation spatial copy of the acoustic field of the submarine, while in the group at least one underwater vehicle is made with the possibility of oncoming movement for destruction upon detection of a probing pulse from the attacking torpedo sonar. 2. The complex of technical means according to claim 1, characterized by the presence of the number of autonomous underwater vehicles in the complex, depending on the type of the simulated submarine.

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